| 1. |
- Alef, Walter, et al.
(author)
-
Geodetic data analysis of VGOS experiments
- 2021
-
In: 2021 34th General Assembly and Scientific Symposium of the International Union of Radio Science, URSI GASS 2021.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) serves as one of the common geodetic methods to define the global reference frames and monitor Earth's orientation variations. The technical upgrade of the VLBI method known as the VLBI Global Observing System (VGOS) includes a critical re-design of the observed frequencies from the dual band mode (S and X band, i.e. 2 GHz and 8 GHz) to observations in a broadband (2-14 GHz). Since 2019 the first VGOS experiments are available for the geodetic analysis in free access at the International VLBI service for Geodesy and Astrometry (IVS). Also regional-only subnetworks such as European VLBI stations have succeeded already in VGOS mode. Based on these brand-new observations we review the current geodetic data analysis workflow to build a bridge between geodetic observed delays derived from different bands.
|
|
| 2. |
- Buervenich, Silvia, et al.
(author)
-
A rare truncating mutation in ADH1C (G78Stop) shows significant association with Parkinson disease in a large international sample.
- 2005
-
In: Archives of neurology. - : American Medical Association (AMA). - 0003-9942. ; 62:1, s. 74-8
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) may be involved in the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders because of their multiple roles in detoxification pathways and retinoic acid synthesis. In a previous study, significant association of an ADH class IV allele with Parkinson disease (PD) was found in a Swedish sample. PATIENTS: The previously associated single-nucleotide polymorphism plus 12 further polymorphisms in the ADH cluster on human chromosome 4q23 were screened for association in an extension of the original sample that now included 123 Swedish PD patients and 127 geographically matched control subjects. A rare nonsense single-nucleotide polymorphism in ADH1C (G78stop, rs283413) was identified in 3 of these patients but in no controls. To obtain sufficient power to detect a possible association of this rare variant with disease, we screened a large international sample of 1076 PD patients of European ancestry and 940 matched controls. RESULTS: The previously identified association with an ADH class IV allele remained significant (P<.02) in the extended Swedish study. Furthermore, in the international collaboration, the G78stop mutation in ADH1C was found in 22 (2.0%) of the PD patients but only in 6 controls (0.6%). This association was statistically significant (chi(2)(1) = 7.5; 2-sided P = .007; odds ratio, 3.25 [95% confidence interval, 1.31-8.05]). In addition, the G78stop mutation was identified in 4 (10.0%) of 40 Caucasian index cases with PD with mainly hereditary forms of the disorder. CONCLUSION: Findings presented herein provide further evidence for mutations in genes encoding ADHs as genetic risk factors for PD.
|
|
| 3. |
- Kodet, Jan, et al.
(author)
-
Co-location of space geodetics techniques in Space and on the ground
- 2013
-
In: Reports of the Finnish Geodetic Institute, Proceedings of the 21st Meeting of the European VLBI Group for Geodesy and Astronomy, Ed. by N. Zubko and M. Poutanen. - 0355-1962. - 9789517112970 ; 2013:1:1, s. 223-226
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The most demanding goal of the GlobalGeodetic Observing System (GGOS) initiative is thedefinition of station positions to an accuracy of 1 mmand the corresponding velocities to 0.1 mm/year. Fundamentalstations are core sites in this respect, becausethey collocate the geodetic relevant space techniques.However this requires unprecedented control over localties, intra- and inter-technique biases. To improvethe accuracy of the geodetic techniques, new conceptsfor the monitoring and controlling of local ties and biaseshave to be implemented.We are developing a symmetrictwo-way measurement technique to identify unaccountedsystem delays within and between the instrumentationof the Geodetic Observatory Wettzell. Itrequires redesign of the VLBI (Very Long Baseline Interferometry)phase calibration generator to be compatiblewith such an two-way measurement technique andVLBI2010. Another activity is the mapping of GlobalNavigation Satellite System (GNSS) satellites into theframe of the quasars using VLBI telescope, in geodeticmode. This corresponds to a collocation of geodetictechniques in space. The receiver of the 20 m radiotelescope Wettzell (RTW) has been modified to measurethe GNSS L1 signal without changing the physicalreference point. Preliminary experiments have alreadybeen executed.
|
|
| 4. |
- Rauch, Alexander, et al.
(author)
-
Glucocorticoids suppress bone formation by attenuating osteoblast differentiation via the monomeric glucocorticoid receptor.
- 2010
-
In: Cell metabolism. - : Elsevier BV. - 1932-7420 .- 1550-4131. ; 11:6, s. 517-31
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Development of osteoporosis severely complicates long-term glucocorticoid (GC) therapy. Using a Cre-transgenic mouse line, we now demonstrate that GCs are unable to repress bone formation in the absence of glucocorticoid receptor (GR) expression in osteoblasts as they become refractory to hormone-induced apoptosis, inhibition of proliferation, and differentiation. In contrast, GC treatment still reduces bone formation in mice carrying a mutation that only disrupts GR dimerization, resulting in bone loss in vivo, enhanced apoptosis, and suppressed differentiation in vitro. The inhibitory GC effects on osteoblasts can be explained by a mechanism involving suppression of cytokines, such as interleukin 11, via interaction of the monomeric GR with AP-1, but not NF-kappaB. Thus, GCs inhibit cytokines independent of GR dimerization and thereby attenuate osteoblast differentiation, which accounts, in part, for bone loss during GC therapy.
|
|
| 5. |
- Rohrschneider, Markus, et al.
(author)
-
Visual Network Analysis of Dynamic Metabolic Pathways
- 2010
-
In: Advances in Visual Computing. - Berlin Heidelberg New Work : Springer. - 3642172881 ; , s. 316-327
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We extend our previous work on the exploration of static metabolic networks to evolving, and therefore dynamic, pathways. We apply our visualization software to data from a simulation of early metabolism. Thereby, we show that our technique allows us to test and argue for or against different scenarios for the evolution of metabolic pathways. This supports a profound and efficient analysis of the structure and properties of the generated metabolic networks and its underlying components, while giving the user a vivid impression of the dynamics of the system. The analysis process is inspired by Ben Shneiderman’s mantra of information visualization. For the overview, user-defined diagrams give insight into topological changes of the graph as well as changes in the attribute set associated with the participating enzymes, substances and reactions. This way, “interesting features” in time as well as in space can be recognized. A linked view implementation enables the navigation into more detailed layers of perspective for in-depth analysis of individual network configurations.
|
|
| 6. |
- Wolffram, Daniel, et al.
(author)
-
Collaborative nowcasting of COVID-19 hospitalization incidences in Germany
- 2023
-
In: PloS Computational Biology. - 1553-734X .- 1553-7358. ; 19:8
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Real-time surveillance is a crucial element in the response to infectious disease outbreaks. However, the interpretation of incidence data is often hampered by delays occurring at various stages of data gathering and reporting. As a result, recent values are biased downward, which obscures current trends. Statistical nowcasting techniques can be employed to correct these biases, allowing for accurate characterization of recent developments and thus enhancing situational awareness. In this paper, we present a preregistered real-time assessment of eight nowcasting approaches, applied by independent research teams to German 7-day hospitalization incidences during the COVID-19 pandemic. This indicator played an important role in the management of the outbreak in Germany and was linked to levels of non-pharmaceutical interventions via certain thresholds. Due to its definition, in which hospitalization counts are aggregated by the date of case report rather than admission, German hospitalization incidences are particularly affected by delays and can take several weeks or months to fully stabilize. For this study, all methods were applied from 22 November 2021 to 29 April 2022, with probabilistic nowcasts produced each day for the current and 28 preceding days. Nowcasts at the national, state, and age-group levels were collected in the form of quantiles in a public repository and displayed in a dashboard. Moreover, a mean and a median ensemble nowcast were generated. We find that overall, the compared methods were able to remove a large part of the biases introduced by delays. Most participating teams underestimated the importance of very long delays, though, resulting in nowcasts with a slight downward bias. The accompanying prediction intervals were also too narrow for almost all methods. Averaged over all nowcast horizons, the best performance was achieved by a model using case incidences as a covariate and taking into account longer delays than the other approaches. For the most recent days, which are often considered the most relevant in practice, a mean ensemble of the submitted nowcasts performed best. We conclude by providing some lessons learned on the definition of nowcasting targets and practical challenges.
|
|
