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- Karlsson Sundbaum, Johanna, et al.
(author)
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Severe COVID-19 among patients with asthma and COPD: a report from the Swedish National Airway Register
- 2021
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In: Therapeutic Advances in Respiratory Disease. - : SAGE Publications. - 1753-4658 .- 1753-4666. ; 15
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Patients with obstructive lung diseases may be at risk of hospitalization and/or death due to COVID-19. Aim: To estimate the frequency of severe COVID-19, and COVID-19-related mortality in a well-defined large population of patients with asthma and chronic inflammatory lung disease (COPD). Further to assess the frequency of asthma and COPD as registered comorbidities at discharge from hospital, and in death certificates. Methods: At the start of the pandemic, the Swedish National Airway Register (SNAR) included 271,404 patients with a physician diagnosis of asthma and/or COPD. In September 2020, after the first COVID-19 wave in Sweden, the database was linked with the National Patient Register (NPR), the Swedish Intensive Care Register and the Swedish Cause of Death Register, which all provide data about COVID-19 based on International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) codes. Severe COVID-19 was defined as hospitalization and/or intensive care or death due to COVID-19. Results: Among patients in SNAR, 0.5% with asthma, and 1.2% with COPD were identified with severe COVID-19. Among patients < 18 years with asthma, only 0.02% were severely infected. Of hospitalized adults, 14% with asthma and 29% with COPD died. Further, of patients in SNAR, 56% with asthma and 81% with COPD were also registered in the NPR, while on death certificates the agreement was lower (asthma 24% and COPD 71%). Conclusion: The frequency of severe COVID-19 in asthma and COPD was relative low. Mortality for those hospitalized was double as high in COPD compared to asthma. Comorbid asthma and COPD were not always identified among patients with severe COVID-19.
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| 2. |
- Stridsman, Caroline, et al.
(author)
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The Swedish National Airway Register (SNAR): development, design and utility to date
- 2020
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In: European Clinical Respiratory Journal. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2001-8525. ; 7:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The Swedish National Airway Register (SNAR) was initiated in 2013 to ensure and improve the quality of care for patients with asthma and COPD. Aim: To describe the development and design of SNAR, and to study the 2019 data to evaluate its potential utility related to improvement of quality of care. Methods: SNAR includes data from patients with asthma (both children and adults) and COPD from primary, secondary and tertiary care, and also, for COPD inpatient care. Data on diagnostic investigations (e.g. spirometry, blood sample, skin prick test), symptom-scores, comorbidities and prescribed treatments are registered. The registrations are entered manually by healthcare professionals, or directly transferred from electronic medical records to a web-based platform. Results: In 2019, 1000 clinics participated and data were directly transferred by about 88% of them. The register included data on 205,833 patients with asthma and 80,372 with COPD (of these, 5% had both diagnoses). Registrations of new patients and follow-up visits from primary and secondary/tertiary care in 2019 were completed for 75,707 patients with asthma (11,818 children <12 yr, 6545 adolescents 12-17 yr, and 57,344 adults >17 yr) and 38,117 with COPD. Depending on age and disease group, 43-77% had performed spirometry, 36-65% Asthma Control Test, and 60% COPD Assessment Test. The prevalence of current smoking was about 2% in adolescents, 10% in adults with asthma, and 34% in COPD. For these, smoking cessation support was offered to 27%, 38% and 51%, respectively. Overall, limited data were available on investigation of allergy, 6-min walk test, patient education and written treatment plans. Regarding asthma, sex-differences in disease management were evident. Conclusion: SNAR has cumulatively registered data from over 270,000 individuals, and the register is important for patients, caregivers, authorities, politicians and researchers to evaluate the effect of treatment and to ensure high and equal quality of care nationwide.
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| 3. |
- Trandafir, F., et al.
(author)
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Neuroglobin and cytoglobin as potential enzyme or substrate
- 2007
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In: Gene. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-1119 .- 1879-0038. ; 398:1-2, s. 103-113
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The possible enzymatic activities of neuro- and cytoglobin as well as their potential function as substrates in enzymatic reactions were studied. Neuro- and cytoglobin are found to show no appreciable superoxide dismutase, catalase, and peroxidase activities. However, the internal disulfide bond (CD7-D5) of human neuroglobin can be reduced by thioredoxin reductase. Furthermore, our in vivo and in vitro studies show that Escherichia coli cells contain an enzymatic reducing system that keeps the heme iron atom of neuroglobin in the Fe2+ form in the presence of dioxygen despite the high autoxidation rate of the molecule. This reducing system needs a low-molecular-weight compound as co-factor. In vitro tests show that both NADH and NADPH can play this role. Furthermore, the reducing system is not specific for neuroglobin but allows the reduction of the ferric forms of other globins such as cytoglobin and myoglobin. A similar reducing system is present in eukaryotic tissue protein extracts.
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