| 1. |
- Aramo-Immonen, Heli, 1964-, et al.
(author)
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Project Manager's Competence Identification
- 2013
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In: Enhancing the modern organization through information technology professionals. - Hershey, PA, USA : Business Science Reference. - 9781466626485 - 9781466626799 ; , s. 17-31
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 2. |
- Aramo-Immonen, Heli, 1964-, et al.
(author)
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Project Managers' Competence Identification
- 2011
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In: International Journal of Human Capital and Information Technology Professionals. - : IGI Global. - 1947-3478 .- 1947-3486. ; 2:1, s. 33-47
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The objective of this article is to help align higher education of future project managers to the contemporary requirements of global project business. The perspective is project managers' competencies in knowledge intensive industry, such as in IT branch. In this paper, it is considered that a holistic view of competence self-evaluation helps to assess the current intentional change. The system introduced supports decision making by measuring and capturing the actual drivers designed specifically for the role of project manager. Generalizing the competence identification process appears to be more constructive than detailing about competence content itself. This study brings valuable and novel empirical data using a sample of students acting as project managers in Spain and a sample of experienced project managers from Finland. A number of possible future studies using the same experimental set up are apparent.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Bikvalfi, Andrea, et al.
(author)
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Globalizing project managers' creative tension : an overview
- 2010
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In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2010), 17-20 July 2010, Miami, Florida, USA. - Louisville : AHFE International 2010. - 9780979643545
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
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| 5. |
- Karppinen, Jaro, et al.
(author)
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Effects of tiaprofenic acid and indomethacin on proteoglycans in the degenerating porcine intervertebral disc.
- 1995
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In: Spine. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 0362-2436 .- 1528-1159. ; 20:10, s. 1170-1177
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- STUDY DESIGN: Eighteen pigs were stabbed with a scalpel in the anterior part of the anulus fibrosus of a lumbar disc. After surgery, the pigs received either tiaprofenic acid or indomethacin daily, and a third group did not receive any medication.OBJECTIVES: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents are widely used in the treatment of low back patients, but their long-term effects on the matrix molecules in the degenerate disc are unknown.SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Several in vitro and in vivo studies on articular cartilage have suggested that tiaprofenic acid may not have adverse effects on matrix metabolism, whereas indomethacin probably does.METHODS: Uronic acid, DNA, and water contents were determined from five different locations in each injured disc. Transport and incorporation of sulfate were examined by in vivo radioactive tracer analysis, and proteoglycan structures were analyzed by gel electrophoresis.RESULTS: Morphologically, there were no differences between the treatments. Tiaprofenic acid maintained a higher uronic acid content in the nucleus pulposus and outer anulus compared with that of the nonmedicated animals. Tiaprofenic acid decreased the incorporation of sulfate in the injured area and the water content at most sites. Indomethacin had no adverse effects compared with the nonmedicated group, and it increased water content in the posterior anulus fibrosus.CONCLUSIONS: Long-term administration of tiaprofenic acid and indomethacin did not have harmful effects on matrix metabolism after disc injury. On the contrary, tiaprofenic acid may slightly protect proteoglycans in the degenerating disc.
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| 6. |
- Kääpä, Eeva, et al.
(author)
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Proteoglycan chemistry in experimentally injured porcine intervertebral disk.
- 1994
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In: Journal of spinal disorders. - : Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. - 0895-0385 .- 1531-2305. ; 7:4, s. 296-306
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An animal model of disk degeneration was used to study the concentration levels and types of proteoglycans in the different parts of the intervertebral disk. An annular incision was made with a scalpel blade into the anterior part of the porcine lumbar intervertebral disks via a retroperitoneal approach. Three months after injury the morphology of the injured disk had changed considerably. Disk height was diminished, and in the injured segment osteophytes had formed at the ventral edges of the vertebral body. The nucleus was small, fibrous, and yellowish. The annular lesion had healed by formation of granulation tissue, but the lamellar structure was partially destroyed. The concentration of inorganic [35S]sulfate had decreased across the whole disk, reflecting a decrease in the rate of solute transport. The concentration of incorporated [35S]sulfate had also decreased in the injured disks. The DNA concentration in the anterior annulus and in the nucleus had increased, whereas both the concentration of uronic acid and the ratio of chondroitin-6-sulfate to chondroitin-4-sulfate in the nucleus had decreased. Agarose gel electrophoresis combined with chondroitinase B digestion suggested the presence of dermatan sulfate proteoglycans in the injured annulus fibrosus. The morphology and chemical composition of the disks adjacent to the injured one were normal, and only a slight increase in the concentration of incorporated [35S]sulfate was observed in the disks above the injured one.
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