| 1. |
- Bousquet, J, et al.
(author)
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Severe chronic allergic (and related) diseases: a uniform approach--a MeDALL--GA2LEN--ARIA position paper
- 2012
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In: International archives of allergy and immunology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1423-0097 .- 1018-2438. ; 158:3, s. 216-231
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Concepts of disease severity, activity, control and responsiveness to treatment are linked but different. Severity refers to the loss of function of the organs induced by the disease process or to the occurrence of severe acute exacerbations. Severity may vary over time and needs regular follow-up. Control is the degree to which therapy goals are currently met. These concepts have evolved over time for asthma in guidelines, task forces or consensus meetings. The aim of this paper is to generalize the approach of the uniform definition of severe asthma presented to WHO for chronic allergic and associated diseases (rhinitis, chronic rhinosinusitis, chronic urticaria and atopic dermatitis) in order to have a uniform definition of severity, control and risk, usable in most situations. It is based on the appropriate diagnosis, availability and accessibility of treatments, treatment responsiveness and associated factors such as comorbidities and risk factors. This uniform definition will allow a better definition of the phenotypes of severe allergic (and related) diseases for clinical practice, research (including epidemiology), public health purposes, education and the discovery of novel therapies.
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| 4. |
- Vardavas, CI, et al.
(author)
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The independent role of prenatal and postnatal exposure to active and passive smoking on the development of early wheeze in children
- 2016
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In: The European respiratory journal. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 1399-3003 .- 0903-1936. ; 48:1, s. 115-124
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Maternal smoking during pregnancy increases childhood asthma risk, but health effects in children of nonsmoking mothers passively exposed to tobacco smoke during pregnancy are unclear. We examined the association of maternal passive smoking during pregnancy and wheeze in children aged ≤2 years.Individual data of 27 993 mother–child pairs from 15 European birth cohorts were combined in pooled analyses taking into consideration potential confounders.Children with maternal exposure to passive smoking during pregnancy and no other smoking exposure were more likely to develop wheeze up to the age of 2 years (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.03–1.20) compared with unexposed children. Risk of wheeze was further increased by children's postnatal passive smoke exposure in addition to their mothers' passive exposure during pregnancy (OR 1.29, 95% CI 1.19–1.40) and highest in children with both sources of passive exposure and mothers who smoked actively during pregnancy (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.59–1.88). Risk of wheeze associated with tobacco smoke exposure was higher in children with an allergic versus nonallergic family history.Maternal passive smoking exposure during pregnancy is an independent risk factor for wheeze in children up to the age of 2 years. Pregnant females should avoid active and passive exposure to tobacco smoke for the benefit of their children's health.
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| 6. |
- Hohmann, C, et al.
(author)
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The development of the MeDALL Core Questionnaires for a harmonized follow-up assessment of eleven European birth cohorts on asthma and allergies
- 2014
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In: International archives of allergy and immunology. - : S. Karger AG. - 1423-0097 .- 1018-2438. ; 163:3, s. 215-224
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- <b><i>Background:</i></b> Numerous birth cohorts have been initiated in the world over the past 30 years using heterogeneous methods to assess the incidence, course and risk factors of asthma and allergies. The aim of the present work is to provide the stepwise proceedings of the development and current version of the harmonized MeDALL-Core Questionnaire (MeDALL-CQ) used prospectively in 11 European birth cohorts. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> The harmonization of questions was accomplished in 4 steps: (i) collection of variables from 14 birth cohorts, (ii) consensus on questionnaire items, (iii) translation and back-translation of the harmonized English MeDALL-CQ into 8 other languages and (iv) implementation of the harmonized follow-up. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Three harmonized MeDALL-CQs (2 for parents of children aged 4-9 and 14-18, 1 for adolescents aged 14-18) were developed and used for a harmonized follow-up assessment of 11 European birth cohorts on asthma and allergies with over 13,000 children. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> The harmonized MeDALL follow-up produced more comparable data across different cohorts and countries in Europe and will offer the possibility to verify results of former cohort analyses. Thus, MeDALL can become the starting point to stringently plan, conduct and support future common asthma and allergy research initiatives in Europe.
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| 7. |
- Najar, Jenna, et al.
(author)
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Sex Difference in the Relation Between Marital Status and Dementia Risk in Two Population-Based Cohorts
- 2021
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In: Journal of Alzheimers Disease. - : IOS Press. - 1387-2877 .- 1875-8908. ; 83:3, s. 1269-1279
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The modifying effect of sex on the relation between marital status and dementia has yet to be determined. Objective: To examine if sex modifies the association between marital status and incident dementia. Methods: Population-based samples from the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging (MCSA, N = 3,471) and the Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Study (H70-study, N = 913) were used. A multiplicative interaction term was used to analyze the modifying effect of sex on the relation between marital status (married versus not married) and incident dementia using Cox regression models. Further, risk of dementia by marital status was also evaluated in models separated by sex. Results: In the MCSA, there was an interaction between marital status and sex in relation to dementia (p = 0.015). In contrast, in the H70-study, no significant interaction was observed (p = 0.28). Nevertheless, in both studies, not married men had increased risk of dementia compared to married men in models adjusted for age, education, and number of children (H70-study: 1.99; 1.06-3.76, MCSA: 1.43; 1.08-1.89). Associations remained similar after additional adjustment for depression, BMI, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus (H70-study: 2.00; 1.05-3.82, MCSA: 1.32; 0.99-1.76). Further, no significant association was observed between marital status and dementia in women (H70-study: 1.24; 0.82-1.89, MCSA: 0.82; 0.64-1.04). Conclusion: Sex had a modifying effect on the association between marital status and incident dementia. In analyses separated by sex, not married men had an increased risk of dementia compared to married men, while no significant association was observed between marital status and risk of dementia in women.
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| 9. |
- Nasr, T., et al.
(author)
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Novel 6-Aminoquinazolinone Derivatives as Potential Cross GT1-4 HCV NS5B Inhibitors
- 2022
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In: Viruses-Basel. - : MDPI AG. ; 14:12
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections are a worldwide medical problem responsible for diverse types of liver diseases. The NS5B polymerase enzyme has become a very interesting target for the development of anti-HCV drugs owing to its fundamental role in viral replication. Here we report the synthesis of a novel series of 1-substituted phenyl-4(1H)-quinazolinone and 2-methyl-1-substituted phenyl-4(1H)-quinazolinone derivatives and evaluate their activity against HCV in HCV subgenomic replicon assays. The biological data revealed that compound 11a showed the highest activity against HCV GT1b at a micromolar concentration (EC50 = 0.984 mu M) followed by compound 11b (EC50 = 1.38 mu M). Both compounds 11a and 11b had high selectivity indices (SI = CC50/EC50), 160.71 and 71.75, respectively, which make them very interesting candidates for further development of more potent and selective anti-HCV agents.
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| 10. |
- Pavlik, Valory N., et al.
(author)
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Connecting Cohorts to Diminish Alzheimer's Disease (CONCORD-AD) : A Report of an International Research Collaboration Network
- 2022
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In: Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. - : IOS Press. - 1387-2877 .- 1875-8908. ; 85:1, s. 31-45
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Longitudinal observational cohort studies are being conducted worldwide to understand cognition, biomarkers, and the health of the aging population better. Cross-cohort comparisons and networks of registries in Alzheimer's disease (AD) foster scientific exchange, generate insights, and contribute to the evolving clinical science in AD. A scientific working group was convened with invited investigators from established cohort studies in AD, in order to form a research collaboration network as a resource to address important research questions. The Connecting Cohorts to Diminish Alzheimer's Disease (CONCORD-AD) collaboration network was created to bring together global resources and expertise, to generate insights and improve understanding of the natural history of AD, to inform design of clinical trials in all disease stages, and to plan for optimal patient access to disease-modifying therapies once they become available. The network brings together expertise and data insights from 7 cohorts across Australia, Europe, and North America. Notably, the network includes populations recruited through memory clinics as well as population-based cohorts, representing observations from individuals across the AD spectrum. This report aims to introduce the CONCORD-AD network, providing an overview of the cohorts involved, reporting the common assessments used, and describing the key characteristics of the cohort populations. Cohort study designs and baseline population characteristics are compared, and available cognitive, functional, and neuropsychiatric symptom data, as well as the frequency of biomarker assessments, are summarized. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of cross-cohort studies in AD are discussed.
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