| 1. |
- Brunius, Carl, et al.
(author)
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Skatole metabolites in urine as a biological marker of pigs with enhanced hepatic metabolism
- 2016
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In: Animal. - 1751-7311 .- 1751-732X. ; 10, s. 1734-1740
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Boar taint is a quality defect in meat, related to accumulation of skatole and androstenone in male pigs. The levels of skatole and its main metabolites in plasma and urine samples were measured with a validated liquid chromatography-MS method and related to activity of hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP450) in order to identify fast metabolizing' pigs. Urine (n=46), blood (n=12), liver (n=25) and adipose tissue (n=46) were sampled from a total of 46 entire male pigs. Skatole levels in fat were negatively correlated to CYP2E1 activity and positively to 3-hydroxy-3-methyloxindole (HMOI), indole-3-carboxylic acid (ICA) and 2-aminoacetophenone in urine. HMOI and ICA levels in urine were the best predictors of high skatole levels in fat. In summary, the present study provided further evidence for the key role of CYP2E1 in skatole metabolism and suggested that measurement of HMOI and/or ICA in urine might provide information about skatole levels in live pigs.
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| 2. |
- Johansson, Monika, et al.
(author)
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Milk coagulation properties and milk protein genetic variants of three cattle breeds/types in Sri Lanka
- 2016
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In: Procedia Food Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 2211-601X. ; 6, s. 348-351
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Milk coagulation is the primary step in the development of most dairy products. Raw milk from individual cows and different breeds exhibit distinct coagulation capacities. This variation is largely influenced by milk protein genetic variants. The aim of the present study was to evaluate differences in coagulation properties between milk obtained from three cattle breeds/types found in Sri Lanka. A total of 90 milk samples (400mL from each individual) were collected from two Sri Lankan cattle breeds/types (Thamankaduwa White/TW and Local/"Batu" cattle) and one European cattle breed (Friesian). Collected samples were subjected to enzymatic coagulation using commercial rennet source (Chymax (R), Christian Hansen Standard, Denmark) and lactic acid bacteria (LAB) coagulation using a commercial starter culture(YFL 8 12, Christian Hansen Standard, Denmark) to determine milk coagulation properties. Different properties of milk coagulum such as yield, curd firmness, syneresis and rheological properties were evaluated. The biochemical composition (lactose, protein, fat, solid-non-fat) of milk samples were determined. Capillary Zone Electrophoresis (CZE) method was used to determine milk protein genetic variants. Experimental design was Nested Completely Randomized Design with three treatments. Milk coagulation time and curd firmness after enzymatic-coagulation were not significantly different (p>0.05) among the breeds. Coagulum yield was significantly higher (p<0.05) for the TW type than that of other breeds. Coagulum yield was negatively correlated with beta-caseinA1 and alpha-lactalbumin in both enzymatic (-0.58) and LAB coagulation (-0.69). Coagulum yield was positively correlated (p<0.05) with beta-casein B variant (0.70), protein (0.34) and lactose (0.36) contents. Meltability value was weakly and positively (p<0.05) correlated (0.34) with fat content of milk. Overall results indicate that there is a significant correlation between milk coagulation properties and milk protein genetic variants in three cattle breeds/types considered in the current study. TW type is the unique among studied breeds in terms of coagulation properties and milk protein genetic variants. (C) 2016 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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| 3. |
- Kodikara, Chamali, et al.
(author)
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Comparison of nutritional and trace element concentrations in some Sri Lankan traditional rice varieties
- 2023
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In: International journal of food science & technology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0950-5423 .- 1365-2621. ; 58:10, s. 5168-5182
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Recently, traditional rice cultivars have become more popular than new, enhanced rice varieties, with the main focus being on their health benefits. Few rice cultivars have been thoroughly studied to understand their nutritional and health benefits. Inductively coupled plasma atomic emission/mass spectroscopy methods were used to determine the concentrations of 24 key nutrients and trace elements in 104 traditional rice types (Oryza sativa L.) grown in Sri Lanka. Compared to the Codex Alimentarius provisional tolerable daily intake for 24 different elements, the concentrations of toxic elements such as As, Cd, Pb and Cr were significantly lower (P < 0.05), and most of the nutritional elemental concentrations were substantially higher (P < 0.05) in evaluated traditional rice varieties. Furthermore, Pb, Bi, B, K, Mg, S, Zn and Fe concentrations among traditional rice varieties were not substantially different (P > 0.05). Notably, several traditional rice varieties (i.e. Rathu Heenati, Pragathi Wee, Weda Heenati, etc.) contained significantly high levels of selenium (& AP;250 & mu;g L-1 DM, P < 0.05), an important trace element that is deficient in the diets of 1 billion people globally.
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| 4. |
- Li, Shengjie, et al.
(author)
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Determination of biogenic amines in aerobically stored beef using high-performance thin-layer chromatography densitometry
- 2016
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In: Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Science. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0906-4702 .- 1651-1972. ; 66, s. 199-205
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to develop a high-performance thin-layer chromatography densitometry method to simultaneously evaluate levels of different biogenic amines (BAs) in beef stored aerobically at 4 degrees C. Steaks from M. longissimus thoracis et lumborum muscles were overwrapped with polyvinyl chloride film and stored for 0, 4, 7, and 10 days. For this purpose, the solvent system and pH for the derivatization of BAs with dansyl chloride were optimized. Moreover, this method was also validated for linearity, limits of detection and quantification, precision, and recovery. As found using this method in beef samples, spermine content decreased significantly after 7 days of storage, and tyramine and cadaverine were not detected until day 10.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Vidanarachchi, Janak, et al.
(author)
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Short communication: Lipolytic activity on milk fat by Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae strains commonly isolated in Swedish dairy herds
- 2015
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In: Journal of Dairy Science. - : American Dairy Science Association. - 0022-0302 .- 1525-3198. ; 98, s. 8560-8564
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The objective of this study was to determine the lipolytic activity on milk fat of 2 bovine mastitis pathogens; that is, Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus agalactiae. The lipolytic activity was determined by 2 different techniques, that is, thin-layer chromatography and an extraction-titration method, in an experimental model using the most commonly occurring field strains of the 2 mastitic bacteria isolated from Swedish dairy farms. The microorganisms were inoculated into bacteria-free control milk and incubated at 37 degrees C to reflect physiological temperatures in the mammary gland. Levels of free fatty acids (FFA) were analyzed at time of inoculation (t = 0) and after 2 and 6 h of incubation, showing significant increase in FFA levels. After 2 h the FFA content had increased by approximately 40% in milk samples inoculated with Staph. aureus and Strep. agalactiae, and at 6 h the pathogens had increased FFA levels by 47% compared with the bacteria-free control milk. Changes in lipid composition compared with the bacteria-free control were investigated at 2 and 6 h of incubation. Diacylglycerols, triacylglycerols, and phospholipids increased significantly after 6 h incubation with the mastitis bacteria, whereas cholesterol and sterol esters decreased. Our results suggest that during mammary infections with Staph. aureus and Strep. agalactiae, the action of lipases originating from the mastitis pathogens will contribute significantly to milk fat lipolysis and thus to raw milk deterioration.
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