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- Kattge, Jens, et al.
(author)
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TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access
- 2020
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In: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 26:1, s. 119-188
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.
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- Hamdi, Yosr, et al.
(author)
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Association of breast cancer risk in BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers with genetic variants showing differential allelic expression : identification of a modifier of breast cancer risk at locus 11q22.3
- 2017
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In: Breast Cancer Research and Treatment. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0167-6806 .- 1573-7217. ; 161:1, s. 117-134
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: Cis-acting regulatory SNPs resulting in differential allelic expression (DAE) may, in part, explain the underlying phenotypic variation associated with many complex diseases. To investigate whether common variants associated with DAE were involved in breast cancer susceptibility among BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers, a list of 175 genes was developed based of their involvement in cancer-related pathways. Methods: Using data from a genome-wide map of SNPs associated with allelic expression, we assessed the association of ~320 SNPs located in the vicinity of these genes with breast and ovarian cancer risks in 15,252 BRCA1 and 8211 BRCA2 mutation carriers ascertained from 54 studies participating in the Consortium of Investigators of Modifiers of BRCA1/2. Results: We identified a region on 11q22.3 that is significantly associated with breast cancer risk in BRCA1 mutation carriers (most significant SNP rs228595 p = 7 × 10−6). This association was absent in BRCA2 carriers (p = 0.57). The 11q22.3 region notably encompasses genes such as ACAT1, NPAT, and ATM. Expression quantitative trait loci associations were observed in both normal breast and tumors across this region, namely for ACAT1, ATM, and other genes. In silico analysis revealed some overlap between top risk-associated SNPs and relevant biological features in mammary cell data, which suggests potential functional significance. Conclusion: We identified 11q22.3 as a new modifier locus in BRCA1 carriers. Replication in larger studies using estrogen receptor (ER)-negative or triple-negative (i.e., ER-, progesterone receptor-, and HER2-negative) cases could therefore be helpful to confirm the association of this locus with breast cancer risk.
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- Hult, Kajsa, 1993-, et al.
(author)
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Constructing the hospitality superstar in restaurant dining rooms
- 2023
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Hospitality and Tourism. - Oslo : Taylor & Francis. - 1502-2250 .- 1502-2269. ; 23:2-3, s. 264-281
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The need for competent hospitality workers is significant for the sustainable development of the restaurant industry. However, with the recurring challenges of recruiting and retaining a competent workforce, there is a need to understand how employers portray and communicate hospitality work in the recruitment process. Therefore, this study examines how employers construct the image of the hospitality worker, by analyzing what job advertisements signal and communicate to the applicants. Through thematic analysis of 100 job advertisements in Sweden, we found that the ideal hospitality worker is an individualized team player with occupational passion. This means that social capacities and commitment to hospitality and gastronomy, factors that are difficult to measure, are of relevance to gaining employment. Additionally, by asking for social capacities, the distance between work and leisure is diminished and the employee is constructed as a commodity for the purpose of improving service. In contrast to the common image that hospitality work is work that anyone could do, we conclude that the qualifications for becoming a hospitality worker in the restaurant industry are fairly complex.
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- Hult, Kajsa, 1993-, et al.
(author)
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Contemporary dining room professionals : towards a “hip” style of hospitality identity
- 2023
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In: Research in Hospitality Management. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 2224-3534 .- 2415-5152. ; 13:1, s. 11-21
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Interest in having an occupation that connects with consumption practices of taste has increased in the contemporary creative economy. In addition, the restaurant scene in Sweden as well as globally has recently been moving towards a casualisation of high-quality restaurants, which presents new questions about how to understand and practise the work in restaurant dining rooms. The study focuses on dining room professionals working in an evolving culinary restaurant scene, with the purpose of investigating them and their search for sense in contemporary restaurant venues. We use identity perspectives and hospitality as concepts to understand how the professionals create meaning in their work through interviews with professionals working in a subset of restaurants in Sweden. With such an emphasis, this study identifies a certain culinary hospitality identity that needs creative spaces, social exchanges and the idea of authentic materiality to make sense of the restaurant work. In contrast to the way dining room work has traditionally been pictured, this article shows that the industry needs to understand hospitality professionals who put their own authenticity in the foreground, which also guides their choices about where to work and how to perform in these contexts. This also helps the industry to become more attractive, as it is in a vulnerable position after the coronavirus pandemic.
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- Justesen, L., et al.
(author)
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The Breakfast Club - co-creational meal practices as rehabilitation strategies in nursing homes
- 2019
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In: European Journal of Public Health. - : Oxford University Press. - 1101-1262 .- 1464-360X. ; 29:Suppl. 4, s. 178-179
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Background: A growing aging population demands new welfare public health activities in nursing homes. Involving residents in meal activity through a co-creational approach as part of a rehabilitation strategy has been suggested as a solution, but knowledge is limited. This project explore how co-creational meal practices in a breakfast club might improve residents’ food related functionality and quality of life.Methods: The project is designed as a three-year complex intervention study in a Danish nursing home. A breakfast club is held with 4-5 residents (16 all together) and 2-6 staff members on a weekly basis during a period of 10 month. Residents are on shift hosting the club and all members are preparing the meal together. The degree of food related functionality is assessed after each club and is analyzed through paired t-test on mean values. Semi-structured interviews in combination with Research Driven Photo-Elicitation is conducted with 16 residents and 8-10 staff members before, during and after holding the clubs in order to evaluate quality of life and potentials for implementing meal practices to everyday practices. A hermeneutic analysis strategy is applied.Results: Preliminary results from 12 breakfast clubs finds an increase in residents food related functionality. Data will be presented in November 2019. All residents express impact on quality of life independent of physical or mental state. Improved functionality is not the main value for participation in the breakfast club. Staff became aware of utilizing residents food related functionality.Conclusions: The study will contribute with new knowledge about whether co-creational meal activities could have a positive effect on functional abilities and improve health-related quality of life in residents in nursing homes. A meal practice based on co-creation has potential to become implemented as a public health activity in nursing homes and increase residents’ quality of life and food related functionality.
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- Kapoor, Pooja Middha, et al.
(author)
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Combined associations of a polygenic risk score and classical risk factors with breast cancer risk
- 2021
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In: Journal of the National Cancer Institute. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0027-8874 .- 1460-2105. ; 113:3, s. 329-337
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We evaluated the joint associations between a new 313-variant PRS (PRS313) and questionnaire-based breast cancer risk factors for women of European ancestry, using 72 284 cases and 80 354 controls from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. Interactions were evaluated using standard logistic regression and a newly developed case-only method for breast cancer risk overall and by estrogen receptor status. After accounting for multiple testing, we did not find evidence that per-standard deviation PRS313 odds ratio differed across strata defined by individual risk factors. Goodness-of-fit tests did not reject the assumption of a multiplicative model between PRS313 and each risk factor. Variation in projected absolute lifetime risk of breast cancer associated with classical risk factors was greater for women with higher genetic risk (PRS313 and family history) and, on average, 17.5% higher in the highest vs lowest deciles of genetic risk. These findings have implications for risk prevention for women at increased risk of breast cancer.
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| 10. |
- Middha, Pooja K., et al.
(author)
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A genome-wide gene-environment interaction study of breast cancer risk for women of European ancestry
- 2023
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In: Breast Cancer Research. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1465-5411 .- 1465-542X. ; 25:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background Genome-wide studies of gene-environment interactions (GxE) may identify variants associated with disease risk in conjunction with lifestyle/environmental exposures. We conducted a genome-wide GxE analysis of similar to 7.6 million common variants and seven lifestyle/environmental risk factors for breast cancer risk overall and for estrogen receptor positive (ER +) breast cancer. Methods Analyses were conducted using 72,285 breast cancer cases and 80,354 controls of European ancestry from the Breast Cancer Association Consortium. Gene-environment interactions were evaluated using standard unconditional logistic regression models and likelihood ratio tests for breast cancer risk overall and for ER + breast cancer. Bayesian False Discovery Probability was employed to assess the noteworthiness of each SNP-risk factor pairs. Results Assuming a 1 x 10(-5) prior probability of a true association for each SNP-risk factor pairs and a Bayesian False Discovery Probability < 15%, we identified two independent SNP-risk factor pairs: rs80018847(9p13)-LINGO2 and adult height in association with overall breast cancer risk (ORint = 0.94, 95% CI 0.92-0.96), and rs4770552(13q12)-SPATA13 and age at menarche for ER + breast cancer risk (ORint = 0.91, 95% CI 0.88-0.94). Conclusions Overall, the contribution of GxE interactions to the heritability of breast cancer is very small. At the population level, multiplicative GxE interactions do not make an important contribution to risk prediction in breast cancer.
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