| 1. |
-
- 2019
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)
|
|
| 2. |
- Chong, Hui, et al.
(author)
-
Organo-ptii complexes for potent photodynamic inactivation of multi-drug resistant bacteria and the influence of configuration
- 2024
-
In: Advanced Science. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 2198-3844. ; 11:14
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PtII based organometallic photosensitizers (PSs) have emerged as novel potent photodynamic inactivation (PDI) reagents through their enhanced intersystem crossing (ISC) processes. Currently, few PtII PSs have been investigated as antibacterial materials, with relatively poor performances reported and with structure-activity relationships not well described. Herein, a pair of configurational isomers are reported of Bis-BODIPY (4,4-difluoro-boradizaindacene) embedded PtII PSs. The cis-isomer (cis-BBP) displayed enhanced 1O2 generation and better bacterial membrane anchoring capability as compared to the trans-isomer (trans-BBP). The effective PDI concentrations (efficiency > 99.9%) for cis-BBP in Acinetobacter baumannii (multi-drug resistant (MDR)) and Staphylococcus aureus are 400 nM (12 J cm−2) and 100 nM (18 J cm−2), respectively; corresponding concentrations and light doses for trans-BBP in the two bacteria are 2.50 µM (30 J cm−2) and 1.50 µM (18 J cm−2), respectively. The 50% and 90% minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC50 and MIC90) ratio of trans-BBP to cis-BBP is 22.22 and 24.02 in A. baumannii (MDR); 21.29 and 22.36 in methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA), respectively. Furthermore, cis-BBP displays superior in vivo antibacterial performance, with acceptable dark and photoinduced cytotoxicity. These results demonstrate cis-BBP is a robust light-assisted antibacterial reagent at sub-micromolecular concentrations. More importantly, configuration of PtII PSs should be an important issue to be considered in further PDI reagents design.
|
|
| 3. |
- Chen, Chen, et al.
(author)
-
The use of ChatGPT to generate experimentally testable hypotheses for improving the surface passivation of perovskite solar cells
- 2024
-
In: Cell Reports Physical Science. - : CELL PRESS. - 2666-3864. ; 5:7
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Hypothesis formulation is a creative process fundamental to scientific exploration, and there is an increasing interest in using generative AI to augment humans in this regard. This study explores the potential of large language models, particularly ChatGPT, to generate viable hypotheses within experimental materials science. Focusing on the subdomain of surface passivation of hybrid perovskites, our aim is to identify untested molecules capable of reducing surface recombination and thereby boost the efficiency of perovskite solar cells. By utilizing ChatGPT to brainstorm ideas and formulate new hypotheses, we identify polyallylamine (PAA) as a potential surface modifier, which is a molecule we would not have considered otherwise. Subsequent experimental investigations demonstrate PAA to indeed be effective in decreasing recombination rates and improving device efficiency. This demonstrates a potent synergy between human expertise and AI capabilities also in more intellectual and intuitive facets of the scientific process, such as hypothesis generation.
|
|
| 4. |
- Huang, Yue, et al.
(author)
-
Association Between Violent Discipline at Home and Risk of Illness and Injury in Children: Findings From a Cross-sectional Study in Rural Western China.
- 2022
-
In: Journal of interpersonal violence. - : SAGE Publications. - 1552-6518 .- 0886-2605. ; 37:13-14, s. NP11413-NP11435
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To estimate the prevalence of violent discipline at home against young children, and to explore the potential association between violent discipline at home and multifaceted health risks in children. A community-based cross-sectional survey was conducted in twenty rural counties of weight provinces in western China. The information about child neglect and socio-demographic factors, exposure to different forms of violent discipline at home and four health outcomes was collected by face-to-face interview. Before analysis, the included interviews were weighted by the double-weighted comprehensive weighting. The proportion of children reported by primary caregivers to have experienced different forms of violent discipline by gender were calculated. To adjust the clustering effect of the survey design, two-level univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to evaluate the potential association between a child's exposure to violent discipline at home and risk of suffering from diarrhea, fever, cough and injury. A total of 3,682 weighted interviews were finally included in the analysis. The prevalence of any violent discipline, psychological aggression, any physical punishment and severe physical punishment were 76.4%, 57.5%, 68.3% and 14.1%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, after adjusting for clustering, there was still a positive association between a child's exposure to psychological aggression and risk of diarrhea (adjusted OR: 1.47, 95%CI: 1.14-1.90) and injury (adjusted OR: 1.95, 95%CI: 1.36-2.80); a child's exposure to any physical punishment and risk of diarrhea (adjusted OR: 1.36, 95%CI: 1.04-1.77), cough (adjusted OR: 1.37, 95%CI: 1.14-1.66), and injury (adjusted OR: 2.05, 95%CI: 1.37-3.06); and a child's exposure to severe physical punishment and risk of injury (adjusted OR: 2.07, 95%CI: 1.41-3.05). Considering that using violent discipline at home is prevalent in rural western China, and it could threaten young children's health, effective measures to prevent young children from violent discipline are urgently needed.
|
|
| 5. |
- Gao, Yaqing, et al.
(author)
-
Association of iron supplementation and deworming with early childhood development: analysis of Demographic and Health Surveys in ten low- and middle-income countries.
- 2021
-
In: European journal of nutrition. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1436-6215 .- 1436-6207. ; 60:6, s. 3119-3130
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We assessed the associations of iron supplementation and deworming separately or combined with improved early childhood development (ECD) status.Cross-sectional data were analyzed for 29,729 children aged 36-59 months surveyed using the Demographic and Health Surveys in ten low- and middle-income countries, where iron supplementation and deworming are recommended by the World Health Organization. In each country, we estimated linear regression models for the effects of iron supplementation and deworming individually or combined on the Early Childhood Development Index (ECDI) z score, and whether this association differed between various ECD domains and the sex and residence of the child. Estimates were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses.Compared with receiving neither of the two interventions, iron supplementation plus deworming was associated with an increased ECDI z score (β = 0.13, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.03-0.22, p = 0.009), particularly in rural residences. However, iron supplementation and deworming, individually, were not associated with the ECDI z score. Iron supplementation plus deworming was associated with higher odds of on-track development in literacy-numeracy (OR = 1.57, 95% CI 1.24-2.01, p < 0.001) and learning domains (OR = 1.27, 95% CI 1.09-1.48, p = 0.003), but not with development in the social-emotional and physical domains.Iron supplementation plus deworming, particularly for populations who are more susceptible to iron deficiency and intestinal worm infections, could be an important intervention for improving ECD. These findings may inform the argument for the necessity of implementing iron supplementation and deworming for preschool-age children.
|
|
| 6. |
- Gao, Yaqing, et al.
(author)
-
Housing environment and early childhood development in sub-Saharan Africa: A cross-sectional analysis.
- 2021
-
In: PLoS medicine. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1549-1676 .- 1549-1277. ; 18:4
-
Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The influence of the safety and security of environments on early childhood development (ECD) has been under-explored. Although housing might be linked to ECD by affecting a child's health and a parent's ability to provide adequate care, only a few studies have examined this factor. We hypothesized that housing environment is associated with ECD in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA).From 92,433 children aged 36 to 59 months who participated in Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey (MICS) in 20 SSA countries, 88,271 were tested for cognitive and social-emotional development using the Early Childhood Development Index (ECDI) questionnaire and were thus included in this cross-sectional analysis. Children's mean age was 47.2 months, and 49.8% were girls. Children were considered developmentally on track in a certain domain if they failed no more than 1 ECDI item in that domain. In each country, we used conditional logistic regression models to estimate the association between improved housing (housing with finished building materials, improved drinking water, improved sanitation facilities, and sufficient living area) and children's cognitive and social-emotional development, accounting for contextual effects and socioeconomic factors. Estimates from each country were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses. Subgroup analyses were conducted by the child's gender, maternal education, and household wealth quintiles. On-track cognitive development was associated with improved housing (odds ratio [OR] = 1.15, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.24, p < 0.001), improved drinking water (OR = 1.07, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.14, p = 0.046), improved sanitation facilities (OR = 1.15, 95% CI 1.03 to 1.28, p = 0.014), and sufficient living area (OR = 1.06, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.10, p = 0.018). On-track social-emotional development was associated with improved housing only in girls (OR = 1.14, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.25, p = 0.006). The main limitations of this study included the cross-sectional nature of the datasets and the use of the ECDI, which lacks sensitivity to measure ECD outcomes.In this study, we observed that improved housing was associated with on-track cognitive development and with on-track social-emotional development in girls. These findings suggest that housing improvement in SSA may be associated not only with benefits for children's physical health but also with broader aspects of healthy child development.
|
|
| 7. |
- Gao, Yaqing, et al.
(author)
-
Inequality in measles vaccination coverage in the "big six" countries of the WHO South-East Asia region.
- 2020
-
In: Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics. - : Informa UK Limited. - 2164-554X .- 2164-5515. ; 16:7, s. 1485-1497
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The "big six" countries (Bangladesh, India, Indonesia, Myanmar, Nepal, and Thailand) in the World Health Organization South-East Asia Region (WHO SEAR) are currently facing severe challenges in measles elimination and consequent childhood mortality reduction, with inadequacies and inequalities in the coverage of the measles-containing-vaccine first-dose (MCV1) being major obstacles. However, these issues of inequality in MCV1 coverage have not yet been systematically examined. We used data from the latest Demographic and Health Surveys and Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys. To provide a comprehensive picture of existing MCV1 coverage gaps, data were disaggregated by geographic location, as well as by socioeconomic and nutritional dimensions. National MCV1 coverage ranged from 77% in Myanmar to 92% in Thailand. Only nine of the 104 sub-national districts had achieved the 95% MCV1 coverage goal as set by the WHO. Geographic inequalities were more pronounced in countries with lower coverage levels. Areas in clusters with poor MCV1 coverage performances as well as disadvantaged socioeconomic profiles require increased attention. Inequalities were evident in all countries, except Thailand, and were more pronounced in the sectors of wealth, education, antenatal care (ANC) status, and vitamin A supplementation (VAS) when compared against the areas of gender and urban/rural residence. Wealth-related inequality in Bangladesh, education-related inequality in Indonesia, ANC-related inequalities in Myanmar and Nepal, and VAS-related inequalities in Indonesia and Myanmar were all noteworthy. Equity-oriented changes in policies focusing on health promotion and integrated interventions among disadvantaged populations need to be implemented in order to increase MCV1 coverage and reduce childhood mortality.
|
|
| 8. |
- Hou, Jiahe, et al.
(author)
-
Evaluating service quality of express logistics service based on online reviews using LDA-LSTM
- 2024
-
In: JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING. - : KEAI PUBLISHING LTD. - 2096-2320. ; 9:3, s. 308-327
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The quality of logistics services affects the performance and competitiveness of express logistics companies. Conventional evaluation methods of service quality are based on constructing a rating index system and then comprehensively evaluating the associated questionnaires and interviews. Such methods are often subjective, time-consuming, and include a limited sample size (data). On the other hand, customers' opinions concerning logistics services can now be deciphered using online customer reviews. Therefore, this study proposes a method combining the models of latent Dirichlet allocation and longshort term memory (LDA-LSTM) to overcome the limitations of conventional evaluation methods. The main contributions include four aspects. First, the LDA-LSTM model can extract comprehensive aspects and opinions to develop evaluation indexes and scores for logistics service quality, and the reviews of a logistics firm can be examined to verify the effectiveness of this method. Second, the LDA-LSTM model can handle a situation in which several aspects and opinions express one topic or sentiment, and it outperforms the joint sentiment topic model (JST) and naive Bayes classification (NB). Third, positive and negative ratings can reflect a firm's overall service quality, with an excellent rating highlighting the best service quality, which can provide a multi-dimensional evaluation. Fourth, we also identify the indicators of logistics service quality on which customers focus, and we compare the service quality among express enterprises in China. (c) 2024 China Science Publishing & Media Ltd. Publishing Services by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of KeAi Communications Co. Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
|
|
| 9. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(author)
-
Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
-
In: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
-
Journal article (other academic/artistic)
|
|
| 10. |
- Li, Siyu, et al.
(author)
-
A serious game with avatar suspects can be used to train naive participants in the Strategic Use of Evidence
- 2024
-
In: Journal of Forensic Psychology: Research and Practice.
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this study, we developed a serious game with computer-generated avatars (i.e., Avatar Training) driven by empirically-based algorithms of suspect behavior to train participants in using the Evidence Framing Matrix (EFM), an essential tactical component of the SUE technique. Ninety-six participants were randomly allocated into four groups (i.e., Control, Training, Feedback, and Training & Feedback groups) and conducted two interviews. Compared to untrained participants, EFM-trained participants used the EFM to a higher degree in the first interview. Receiving feedback increased the ability to use the EFM in the second interview. Furthermore, combining the theoretical training with feedback made participants use within-statement (in)consistencies more when evaluating avatar statements. The results show that naive participants can be trained to use the EFM using algorithm-driven suspect avatars, suggesting there is potential for using avatars as a scalable approach in the learning of interview techniques with suspects.
|
|
