| 1. |
- Zhang, Yue, et al.
(författare)
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Association between anthropometric indicators of obesity and cardiovascular risk factors among adults in Shanghai, China
- 2019
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Ingår i: BMC Public Health. - : BMC. - 1471-2458. ; 19:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background: To determine the optimal cut-off values and evaluate the associations of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC) and waist-height ratio (WHtR) with cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors. Methods: A large-scale cross-sectional survey was conducted among 35,256 adults aged 20-74 years in Shanghai between June 2016 and December 2017. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analyses were conducted to assess the optimal cut-off anthropometric indices of CVD risk factors including hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia and hyperuricemia. Multivariate Logistic regression models were preformed to evaluate the odds ratio of CVD risk factors. Results: The area under the curve (AUC) of WHtR was significantly greater than that of BMI or WC in the prediction of hypertension and diabetes, and AUCs were higher in women than men. The optimal cut-off values of WHtR were approximately 0.51 in both sexes, while the cut-off values of BMI and WC were higher for men compared with women. The optimal cutoff values of BMI and WC varied greatly across different age groups, but the difference in WHtR was relatively slight. Among women, the optimal threshold of anthropometric indices appeared to increase with age for hypertension and diabetes. The odds ratio between anthropometric indices and CVD risk factors were attenuated with age. WHtR had the greatest odds ratio for CVD risk factors among adults under 60 years old except for women with hypertension, while among 60-74 years, BMI yielded the greatest odds ratio in terms of all CVD outcomes except for women with diabetes. Conclusions: WHtR had the best performance for discriminating hypertension and diabetes and potentially be served as a standard screening tool in public health. The associations between three anthropometric indices and CVD risk factors differed by sex and decreased with age. These findings indicated a need to develop age- and gender-specific difference and make effective strategies for primary prevention of CVDs.
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| 2. |
- Liu, Zhixi, et al.
(författare)
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The burden of hand, foot, and mouth disease among children under different vaccination scenarios in China: a dynamic modelling study
- 2021
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Ingår i: BMC Infectious Diseases. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2334. ; 21:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common illness in young children. A monovalent vaccine has been developed in China protecting against enterovirus-71, bivalent vaccines preventing HFMD caused by two viruses are under development.OBJECTIVE: To predict and compare the incidence of HFMD under different vaccination scenarios in China.METHODS: We developed a compartmental model to capture enterovirus transmission and the natural history of HFMD in children aged 0-5, and calibrated to reported cases in the same age-group from 2015 to 2018. We compared the following vaccination scenarios: different combinations of monovalent and bivalent vaccine; a program of constant vaccination to that of pulse vaccination prior to seasonal outbreaks.RESULTS: We estimate 1,982,819, 2,258,846, 1,948,522 and 2,398,566 cases from 2015 to 2018. Increased coverage of monovalent vaccine from 0 to 80% is predicted to decrease the cases by 797,262 (49.1%). Use of bivalent vaccine at an 80% coverage level would decrease the cases by 828,560. Use of a 2.0× pulse vaccination for the bivalent vaccine in addition to 80% coverage would reduce cases by over one million. The estimated R0 for HFMD in 2015-2018 was 1.08, 1.10, 1.35 and 1.17.CONCLUSIONS: Our results point to the benefit of bivalent vaccine and using a pulse vaccination in specific months over routine vaccination. Other ways to control HFMD include isolation of patients in the early stage of dissemination, more frequent hand-washing and ventilation, and better treatment options for patients.
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| 3. |
- Su, Yueling, et al.
(författare)
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High-efficiency organic solar cells processed from a halogen-free solvent system
- 2023
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Ingår i: Science in China Series B. - : SCIENCE PRESS. - 1674-7291 .- 1869-1870. ; 66:8, s. 2380-2388
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The use of non-halogenated solvents for the green manufacture of high-efficiency organic solar cells (OSCs) is important for their future application. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the non-halogenated solvent processed OSCs is generally lower than their halogenated counterpart due to the poor film microstructure caused by the solubility issue. Herein, we propose a halogen-free solvent system to optimize film microstructure of the photovoltaic blend based on the polymer donor D18 and small-molecule acceptor (SMA) L8-BO towards high-efficiency OSCs. The solvent system is consisted of a main solvent carbon disulfide and an additive paraxylene, where the former ensures the good solution-processability and promotes the solution aggregation of L8-BO, and the latter can finely control the phase-separation process by selectively dissolving the SMA. This solvent combination robustly produces a high-quality active layer, i.e., the bicontinuous networks of donor and acceptor with nano-sized phase-separation and strong & pi;-& pi; stacking. With the effective charge generation, transport and collection, the resulting device from the non-halogenated solvent system shows a high PCE of 17.50%, which is comparable to that of the device prepared from the halogenated solvent chloroform (ca. 17.11%). This article proposes a new strategy for the green fabrication of high-efficiency OSCs to accelerate their industrialization.
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| 4. |
- Wang, Fujun, et al.
(författare)
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Protonation, electrochemical properties and molecular structures of halogen-functionalized diiron azadithiolate complexes related to the active site of iron-only hydrogenases
- 2007
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Ingår i: Dalton Transactions. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1477-9226 .- 1477-9234. ; :34, s. 3812-3819
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Diiron complexes [{( mu-SCH2) 2NCH(2)C(6)H(4)X}{Fe( CO)(2)L}(2)] ( L = CO, X = 2-Br, 1; 2-F, 2; 3-Br, 3; L = PMe3, X = 2-Br, 4) were prepared as biomimetic models of the iron-only hydrogenase active site. The N-protonated species [ 1( NH)]+ClO4-, [ 2( NH)]+ClO4- and the mu-hydride diiron complex [ 4( FeHFe)]+PF6- were obtained in the presence of proton acids and well characterized. The protonation process of 4 was studied by in-situ IR and NMR spectroscopy, which suggests the formation of the diprotonated species [ 4( NH)( FeHFe)](2+) in the presence of an excess of proton acid. The molecular structures of 1, [ 1( NH)]+ClO4-, 4 and [ 4( FeHFe)]+PF6- were determined by X-ray crystallography. The single-crystal X-ray analysis reveals that an intramolecular H center dot center dot center dot Br contact ( 2.82 angstrom) in the crystalline state of [ 1( NH)]+ClO4-. In the presence of 1-6 equiv of the stronger acid HOTf, complex 1 is readily protonated on the bridged-N atom and can electrochemically catalyze the proton reduction at a relatively mild potential ( ca. -1.0 V). Complex 4 is also electrocatalytic active at -1.4 V in the presence of HOTf with formation of the mu-hydride diiron species.
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| 5. |
- Yu, Ze, et al.
(författare)
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Diiron dithiolate complexes containing intra-ligand NH center dot center dot center dot S hydrogen bonds : FeFe hydrogenase active site models for the electrochemical proton reduction of HOAc with low overpotential
- 2008
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Ingår i: Dalton Transactions. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 1477-9226 .- 1477-9234. ; :18, s. 2400-2406
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Four diiron dithiolate complexes containing ortho- acylamino- functionalized arenethiolato ligands, [(mu-S-2-RCONHC6H4)(2)Fe-2(CO)(6)] (R=CH3, 1; CF3, 2; C6H5, 3; 4-FC6H4, 4), were synthesized and well characterized as biomimetic models of the Fe-Fe hydrogenase active site. The molecular structures of 3 and 4 were determined by X-ray crystallography. The intra-ligand NH center dot center dot center dot S hydrogen bonds were studied by the X-ray analysis and by the H-1 NMR spectroscopy. The contribution of the NH center dot center dot center dot S hydrogen bonds to the reduction potentials of complexes 1-4 was investigated by electrochemistry. The first reduction potentials of complexes 1-4 exhibit large positive shifts, that is, 220-320 mV in comparison to that of the analogous complex [(mu- SPh)(2)Fe-2(CO)(6)] and 370-470 mV to that of [(mu- pdt)(2)Fe-2(CO)(6)] (pdt = propane-1,3-dithiolato). Complex 4 is capable of electrocatalysing proton reduction of acetic acid at relatively low overpotential ( ca. 0.2 V) in acetonitrile.
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| 6. |
- Zhang, Yue, et al.
(författare)
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Prevalence and the association of body mass index and other risk factors with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes among 50,867 adults in China and Sweden: A cross-sectional study
- 2019
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Ingår i: Diabetes Therapy. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1869-6953 .- 1869-6961. ; 10:6, s. 2061-2077
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Introduction Understanding socioeconomic differences for prediabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) can offer guidance for the most effective development of both prevention and intervention programmes in different settings. This study aims to determine the prevalence and risk factors for prediabetes and T2DM and to explore the effect of high body mass index (BMI) on the probability of T2DM being present among adults in China and Sweden. Methods This study enrolled 25,356 adults (35-64 years old) from the Shanghai Survey in China and 25,511 adults (aged 40, 50, 60) from the Vasterbotten Intervention Programme in Sweden. Data on haemoglobin A1c, capillary fasting plasma glucose, 2-h plasma glucose and self-reported diagnoses of T2DM were used in the analysis. Multinomial logistic regression was used to examine the determinants of prediabetes and T2DM. The average predicted probabilities of T2DM developing or presenting were determined for the different ages and levels of BMI in each population. Results Chinese participants had a higher adjusted prevalence of T2DM (men 12.8% vs. 4.6%; women 10.6% vs. 3.1%) and prediabetes (men 12.4% vs. 12.2%; women 14.4% vs. 12.2%) than Swedish participants. Age, overweightedness/obesity, hypertension and a family history of diabetes were significant risk factors for prediabetes and T2DM. In both populations, the predicted probability of T2DM increased as the BMI increased in all age groups. At the same BMI level, Chinese participants were more likely to have T2DM compared to their Swedish counterparts. The average predicted probability of T2DM was less than 20% in nearly all age groups among Swedish women. Conclusions Chinese adults had the higher prevalence of prediabetes and T2DM and a higher probability of T2DM at the same BMI level compared with Swedish adults. These results indicate the importance of addressing the ongoing obesity epidemic as a matter of urgency in order to curb what has become an apparent diabetes epidemic in both countries.
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| 7. |
- Dong, Weibing, et al.
(författare)
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Preparation, structures and electrochemical property of phosphine substituted diiron azadithiolates relevant to the active site of Fe-only hydrogenases
- 2007
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Ingår i: Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0162-0134 .- 1873-3344. ; 101:3, s. 506-513
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Mono- and di-phosphine diiron azadithiolate complexes [{(mu-SCH2)(2)N(4-NO2C6H4)}Fe-2(CO)(5)(PMe3)] (2), [{(mu-SCH2)(2)N(4NO(2)C(6)H(4))} {Fe(CO)(2)L}(2)] (3, L = PMe3; 4, PMe2Ph) and the mu-hydride diiron complex [3(FeHFe)](+)[PF6](-) were prepared as biontimetic models of the active site of Fe-only hydrogenases. The complexes 2-4 and [3(FeHFe)](+)[PF6](-) were characterized by IR P-31, H-1 and C-13 NMR spectra and their molecular structures were determined by single crystal X-ray analyses. The PMe3 ligand in complex 2 lies on the basal position. The PMe3-disubstituted complex 3 exists as two configuration isomers, transoid basal/basal and apical/basal, in the crystalline state, while two PMe2Ph ligands of 4 are in an apical/basal orientation. The variable temperature P-31 NMR spectra of 2 and 3 were made to have an insight into the existence of the possible conformation isomers of 2 and 3 in solution. The [3(FeHFe)](+) cation possesses the sole transoid ba/ba geometry as other reported mu-hydride diiron analogues. The electrocatalytic property of {(mu-SCH2)(2)NC6H5}[Fe(CO)(2)PMe3](2) (5) was studied for proton reduction in the presence of HOAc.
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| 8. |
- Zhao, Zhenbo, et al.
(författare)
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Synthesis and characterization of carboxy-functionalized diiron model complexes of FeFe -hydrogenases : Decarboxylation of Ph2PCH2COOH promoted by a diiron azadithiolate complex
- 2009
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Ingår i: Journal of Organometallic Chemistry. - : Elsevier BV. - 0022-328X .- 1872-8561. ; 694:15, s. 2309-2314
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Two carboxy-functionalized diiron complexes [{(mu-SCH2)(2)X}{Fe(CO)(3)}{Fe(CO)(2)L}] (X = NC3H7, L = Ph2PCH2CH2COOH, 4; X = CH2, L = Ph2PCH2COOH, 5) were prepared, as biomimetic models of the [FeFe] hydrogenase active site, from the CO-replacement of [{(mu-SCH2)(2)NC3H7}Fe-2(CO)(6)] (1) and (mu-pdt)Fe-2(CO)(6) (2) by phosphine ligands in CH3CN at 40 degrees C, respectively. In contrast, the reaction of 1 with Ph2PCH2COOH under the same condition afforded complex [{(mu-SCH2)(2)NC3H7}{Fe(CO)(3)}{Fe- (CO)(2)(Ph2PCH3)}] (3) with a decarboxylated phosphine ligand. The molecular structures of complexes 3-5 were determined by X-ray crystallographic analyses, which show that they have similar frameworks with the phosphine ligand on the apical position. The interesting C-H center dot center dot center dot S contacts between the methylene hydrogen atoms of the PhCH2COOH ligand and the mu-S atoms of the pdt-bridge are found in the crystal of 5. According to the experimental evidence, a plausible mechanism, via sequential phosphine coordination, N-protonation, and decarboxylation steps, is proposed for the formation of 3 and for explanation of the contrastive reactivities of the adt- (2-aza-1,3-propanedithiolato) and the pdt-(1,3-propanedithiolato) bridged diiron complexes toward decarboxylation of the Ph2PCH2COOH ligand.
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