| 1. |
- Weikert, Clemens, et al.
(author)
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Human Factors and Safety in Aviation
- 2004
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In: Proceedings of the Swedish Centre for Aviation Research Conference, September 26–27, 2002.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
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| 2. |
- Alfredson, Jens, 1970-
(author)
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Differences in Situational Awareness and How to Manage Them in Development of Complex Systems
- 2007
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Situationsmedvetenhet (Eng. Situational Awareness), (SA), handlar om att ha koll på läget och vara medveten om vad som händer. Redan då ett komplext system utvecklas får vi en möjlighet att påverka vilken SA en framtida användare av systemet kan komma att få. Det gäller att ta tillvara på detta tillfälle! Ibland uppträder skillnader i SA, beroende på en rad olika orsaker. Denna avhandling handlar om SA och hur man kan använda de skillnaderna vid utveckling av komplexa system. Detta är relevant vid utveckling av en rad olika typer av komplexa system, även om de flesta exempel i denna avhandling kommer från flygdomänen.Avhandlingen innehåller beskrivningar hämtade från litteratur inom området och förslag på utveckling av SA-teori utifrån fokus på just skillnader. Skillnaden mellan vad du behöver vara medveten om och vad du verkligen är medveten om föreslås ge en indikation om individens SA. Vidare föreslås skillnaden mellan vad du är medveten om och vad du tror dig vara medveten om också ge en indikation om individens SA. SA kan skattas för en grupp av människor som arbetar tillsammans, genom variationerna i hur samstämmiga deras uppfattningar är.Termen situationshantering (Eng. Situation Management), (SM), föreslås med en vidare mening än SA, inkluderande SA, men också varje del av perceptionscykeln, hantering av mentala resurser och hantering av situationen genom extern påverkan. SM är en väl lämpad term vid utveckling av komplexa system då fokus här är på situationen och hur den kan hanteras, snarare än fokus på vad en individ eller en grupp uppfattar.Att skatta skillnader i SA och att kunna särskilja olika typer av skillnader är viktiga förutsättningar för att kunna hantera skillnader i SA vid utveckling av komplexa system på ett bra sätt. I avhandlingen gås flera sätt att skatta sådana skillnader igenom och speciellt tas för- och nackdelar med ögonrörelsemätning upp. Med referens till litteraturen och till de bilagda artiklarna beskrivs skillnader i SA beroende på a) designalternativ, b) roller i processen från utveckling till användning c) kontext och d) analysnivå. Skillnaderna i SA föreslås ses som både kvantitativa (dvs. hög eller låg SA) och kvalitativa (tex. olika aspekter av en situation).Ansatser såsom SM, realtidsvärdering, mätning och analys av SA på flera nivåer samtidigt samt simulatorbaserad design föreslås för att hantera skillnader i SA vid utveckling av komplexa system.
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| 3. |
- Arvidsson, Marcus, et al.
(author)
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Aspects of Organizational Psychology and Innovation in Air Traffic Control
- 2002
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In: Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference of the Swedish Centre for Aviation R&D, on Human Factors and Safety in Aviation. - 9197505803 ; , s. 14-21
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In order to adapt to new conditions that increasing air traffic volumes bring forward, the Swedish Air Navigation Services (ANS) is going through a process of change. In order to meet the new conditions it will be necessary to be more efficient in the work of handling the air traffic. New conditions bring forward new demands, not only on technology and methods used, but also on organizational structures and individual employees. The challenge is to make the adaptation in ways that do not affect the safety standards. The Swedish air traffic control, ATC centers in Malmö and Stockholm are adjusting their activity to meet the new situations in mainly two ways: a new team-based organization has recently been introduced and a new ATC system will soon be installed.
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| 4. |
- Arvidsson, Marcus, et al.
(author)
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Organizational climate in air traffic control
- 2002
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In: European Academy of Occupational Health Psychology conference proceedings series. - 1473-0200. ; , s. 24-27
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A positive and innovative organizational climate is of great importance in order to manage and adapt to change. Such a climate seldom evolves in organizations closely governed by rules and regulations. Because of ongoing organizational and technical changes within the Swedish Air Navigation Services Provider, a study concerning the organizational climate for changes and innovations was conducted to investigate the organization’s capacity to cope with changes. Study locations were the two Swedish main air traffic control centers and parts of the civil aviation administration headquarters. 390 subjects took part in the study and the CCQ questionnaire was used to measure the organizational climate. The results show that the organizational climate is quite positive despite the rule governed work. The results also show that administrative personnel assess the organizational climate as more positive than operative personnel. Comparisons between management positions did not result in any differences.
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| 5. |
- Bertlett, Johan, et al.
(author)
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Learning from Near-Accidents
- 2002
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In: Proceedings of the Fourth European Conference of the European Academy of Occupational Health Psychology. - 1473-0200. ; , s. 89-92
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Briem, Valdimar, et al.
(author)
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Young drivers´ accident patterns
- 2000
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In: Human Factors in Telecommunications - Implications for the Aged and Disabled. - 9042301198
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The present study is concerned with the impact of psychological factors, particularly character traits and attitudes, on the traffic accident patterns of young drivers. 101 drivers completed a questionnaire consisting of 206 questions and statements. Factor analysis was used to identify and eliminate non-significant test items, leaving 70 statements defining 14 distinct traits. Age and sex were shown to affect the frequency of traffic accidents and offences, the youngest male drivers representing the highest risk group. The relation of psychological traits to other variables is described as referring to seven groups of drivers, four "safe" and three "unsafe", each defined by a combination of distinct characteristics. While, superficially, a driver's age and sex may appear to be the chief determinants of the risk of accidents and offences, this risk is, firstly, determined by the driver's traffic exposure and experience, and secondly, by "chronic" and "tonic" traits, some of which are linked to age and sex.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Ek, Åsa, et al.
(author)
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Study of safety culture at two air traffic control centres
- 2002
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In: Proceedings of the 3rd international conference of the Swedish centre for aviation R&D on human factors and safety in aviation. - 9197505803 ; , s. 55-56
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this short paper is to present an ongoing joint research project, Human Factors in Air Navigation Services (HUFA), between the Swedish Civil Aviation Administration and Lund University. Results from the study will only be given very briefly. The project focuses on human and organizational factors and safety in air traffic control.
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| 10. |
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