| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
- Albers, Eva, 1966, et al.
(author)
-
Influence of preservation methods on biochemical composition and downstream processing of cultivated Saccharina latissima biomass
- 2021
-
In: Algal Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 2211-9264. ; 55
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Saccharina latissima biomass cultivated along the Swedish west coast was subjected to four different scalable preservation methods after harvest; freezing, sun-drying, oven-drying and ensiling. Freeze-drying and freezing at -80 ?C were also included to provide dry and wet references. The effects of the different preservation methods on the composition of Saccharina biomass (on dry weight, DW, basis), and the recovery as well as properties of high-quality protein, alginate and biogas were evaluated. Sun-drying significantly reduced protein, alginate and fatty acid content of the seaweeds and thereby concentrated ash in the biomass compared to the other methods. Protein/amino acids and fatty acids were significantly concentrated in ensiled biomass, while mannitol and laminarin were reduced compared to the other biomasses. Oven-drying and -20 ?C freezing affected the composition the least, with lower ash content and alterations in some specific amino and fatty acids. Sun-drying and ensiling resulted in significantly lower protein solubility at high pH compared to the other biomasses which translated into the lowest total seaweed protein recovery using the pH-shift process. Highest protein yield was obtained with the freeze-dried reference. Ensiling lead to a significant decrease in the molecular weight of alginate, while sun-drying caused a negative effect on alginate by inducing a shift in the guluronic and mannuronic acids composition of alginate. Sun-drying gave the lowest methane yield in the anaerobic digestion experiments while freezing at -80 ?C gave the highest yield, closely followed by freezing at -20 ?C and ensiling. To conclude, preservation methods must be carefully chosen to protect the valuable component in Saccharina latissima, and to achieve an efficient downstream processing ultimately yielding high quality products as part of a seaweed biorefinery.
|
|
| 4. |
- Axelsson, J, et al.
(author)
-
Decolorization of the textile dyes Reactive Red 2 and Reactive Blue 4 using Bjerkandera sp Strain BOL 13 in a continuous rotating biological contactor reactor
- 2006
-
In: Enzyme and Microbial Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0141-0229. ; 39:1, s. 32-37
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The decolorization of two different textile dyes, Reactive Red 2 and Reactive Blue 4, was studied in batch as well as continuous experiments using Bjerkandera sp. Strain BOL 13. The batch experiments were performed to study the decolorization of the dyes separately as well as in a mixture. The results from the experiments showed that the fungus decolorized both dyes. The absorbance was measured at 538 and 595 nm, the peak absorbance wavelengths of the red and blue dyes respectively. The absorbance decreased with 99% at both 538 and 595 nm in the experiments in which the dyes were studied separately at a concentration of 100 mg/l. The corresponding figure for the experiment in which the dyes were studied in a mixture was 98%. A continuous rotating biological contactor was then used to study the decolorization of mixtures of the two dyes at three different concentrations, e.g. 50, 100 and 200 mg/l of each of the dyestuff. The decrease in absorbance at 538 nm was 96% at the two lower dye concentrations while it was 81% at the highest concentration. The corresponding figures at 595 nm were 94 and 80%. The hydraulic retention time was 3 days. Scanning of the absorbance between 200 and 800 nm showed that three peaks disappeared in the UV range during treatment (246, 283 and 323.5 nm) and that a new plateau was formed around 270 nm. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 5. |
- Bagherpour, Mohammad Bagher, et al.
(author)
-
Effects of irrigation and water content of packings on alpha-pinene vapours biofilteration performance
- 2005
-
In: Biochemical engineering journal. - : Elsevier. - 1369-703X .- 1873-295X. ; 24:3, s. 185-193
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The main objective of this investigation is to determine the effect of different physical parameters on the performance of biofilters, treating hydrophobic compounds. In this respect, the effects of irrigation and water content of packings on the removal efficiency of bed in different pollutant loading rates, and gas phase flow rates, is studied. Alpha-pinene, which is produced from variety of industrial wood products, pulp and paper industries, and fragrance production units, has been selected as a model compound. Since the effectiveness of biofiltration depends strongly upon water solubility of compounds, in the case of alpha-pinene (2.5 ppm, at 25 ◦C), the process of waste gas treatment is faced with difficulties. In this paper, it is shown that performance of biofilters, treating hydrophobic contaminants, declines due to irrigation. This reduction is detected by an increase in the outlet concentration from 11% up to 22.5%. Its magnitude depends on the gas velocity inside the biofilter and outlet concentration of the bed. The result indicated that pore blocking along the bed has less effect on the performance reduction than diffusion coefficient. Also the inhibitory effects of velocity on biodegradation are considerably higher than the effects of concentration. In addition, this compost-based biofilter shows noteworthy higher elimination capacities in comparison with previous studied biofiltration systems. In this study, a maximum elimination capacity of 227 gm−3 of packing h−1 is achieved by 95% of removal efficiency. The maximum concentration in the inlet gas was 650 mgm−3.
|
|
| 6. |
- Edström, Mats, et al.
(author)
-
Rötning av fjäderfägödsel med gödselförädling i tillämpad skala
- 2018
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Ett tjugotal lantbrukare i Mönsterås kommun planerar för att bygga en stor biogasanläggning som kommer att ha fastgödsel från höns som huvudsubstrat. Den gemensamma biogasanläggning kan bli den största i sitt slag i Sverige, med en biogasproduktion på ca 70 GWh biogas/år för produktion av drivmedel. Den genererade rötresten kan kväveförsörja ca 12 000 ha/år växtodling och fosforförsörja ca 20 000 ha/år. Den rötade gödseln bidrar i princip till all växtnäring i rötresten, där fjäderfägödseln kommer att bidra med ca 80 % av rötrestens innehåll av kväve och fosfor. Ett hinder för att realisera denna anläggning är att det idag saknas erfarenhet från praktisk drift av rötningsanläggningar med betydande inblandning av fjäderfägödsel. Fjäderfägödsel är både ett fosfor- och kväverikt substrat, och innehåller dessutom både tunga och lätta partiklar som riskerar att bilda sediment och svämtäcken i rötkammaren. Idag betraktas fjäderfägödsel framför allt som ett fosforgödselmedel eftersom huvuddelen av kvävet inte är direkt upptagbart av växter, men rötning av fjäderfägödsel ökar andelen direktverkanande kväve. För att optimera hantering, spridning och utnyttjande av kväve och fosfor i fjäderfägödsel är det önskvärt att processa denna gödsel för att generera fyra stycken gödselmedel med olika kväve- och fosforkvot. För att kunna studera dessa frågeställningar och bredda gödselbasen för rötning har Vinnova, under 2016-2018, finansierat denna tillämpade studie.Under ett tillämpat försök genomfördes rötning i pilotskala av kväverik hönsgödsel som huvudsubstrat. Rötningsprocessen gick att driva stabilt vid en ammoniumkvävehalt på närmare 6 g/l inom det mesofila temperaturområdet i en totalomblandad rötkammare med volymetrisk metanproduktion som uppgick till 1,1 m3 CH4/m3 slamvolym & dag. Järnklorid tillfördes rötkammaren för att hålla biogasens innehåll av svavelväte vid ca 100 ppm. För att hålla ammoniumhalten vid angiven nivå tillfördes vatten motsvarande halva inflödet in i rötkammaren, för att späda ner kvävet till denna nivå. Efter rötningen av substratblandningen ökade dess ammoniuminnehåll med 3,7 gånger.Under pilotförsöket producerades ca 13 m3 rötrest som sparades och lagrades 4–8 månader innan den förädlades i två steg till två olika gödselmedel. I första steget genomfördes fasseparation med en dekantercentrifug följt av indunstning av surgjord tunnfas. Baserat på dessa försök beräknas fassepareringen kunna generera ett fast gödselmedel vars vikt motsvarar 23 % av i rötningsprocessen producerad rötrest. Det fasta gödselmedlets innehåll av fosfor utgör dryga 70 % av rötrestens fosforinnehåll. Vidare beräknas indunstningen kunna generera ett uppkoncentrerat flytande gödselmedel vars vikt motsvarar 2o % av i rötningsprocessen producerad rötrest. Det flytande gödselmedlets innehåll av ammoniumkvävet utgör dryga 70 % av rötrestens ammoniuminnehåll. Det producerade koncentratgödselmedlet liksom tunnfasgödselmedlet hade en hög andel lättillgängligt kväve, vilket är en viktig delförutsättning för att uppnå höga skördar vid växtodling. Gödselmedel från Mönsterås Biogas planerade biogasanläggning kan i framtiden bidra till att jordbruket i Kalmar län med omnejd kan gå mot en hållbar intensifiering av livsmedelsproduktionen.
|
|
| 7. |
- Forss, Jörgen, et al.
(author)
-
Biodegradation of azo and anthraquinone dyes in continuous systems
- 2011
-
In: International Biodeterioration & Biodegradation. - : Elsevier. - 0964-8305 .- 1879-0208. ; 65:1, s. 227-237
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose is to develop a complete microbiological model system for the treatment of wastewaterfrom textile mills in developing countries. Artificial wastewater was treated by microorganisms growingon wood shavings from Norway spruce during unsterile conditions. The microorganisms were inoculatedfrom forest residues. Mixtures of the azo dyes Reactive Black 5 and Reactive Red 2 were degraded inbatch as well as continuous experiments. Reactive Red 2 mixed with the anthraquinone dye ReactiveBlue 4 was also treated in the continuous system. The system consisted of three reservoirs e the first twowith an anaerobic environment and the third with an aerobic. The dye concentrations were 200 mg l 1ofeach dye in the continuous system and the retention time was approximately 4 days and 20 h perreservoir. Samples from the process were analysed with spectrophotometer and LC/MS to monitor thedegradation process. 86-90% of the colour was removed after a treatment of 4 days and 23 h in thecontinuous process. Two metabolites were found in the outlets of reactors one and two, but they weredegraded to below the detection limit in the aerobic reactor.
|
|
| 8. |
- Forss, Jörgen, et al.
(author)
-
Biodegradation of azo dyes by natural microflora from forest residues chips cultivated on Swedish soft wood chips
- 2008
-
In: 16th European Biomass Conference& Exhibition, 2-6 June 2008, Valencia,Spain. - : ETA-Forence renewable energies.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- By use of wood chips as a carrier and coal donator, azo dyes are biodegraded by the native microflora inhabiting forest residues chips from the south east part of Sweden. Due to background emissions from the forest residues chips the microflora are successfully transferred to soft sood chips from Norwegian spruce (picea abis) and Scots pine (pinus sylvestris). The azo dyes used in this study are reactive red 2 and reactive black 5 in combined artifical wastewater. The dyes are at a concentration of 200 mg/l degraded within 20 days with additional yeast extract of 1 g/l and 30 days without.
|
|
| 9. |
- Forss, Jörgen, 1973-, et al.
(author)
-
Biodegradation of Textile Dyes Based on Wood Carriers
- 2010
-
In: Proceedings of Linnaeus SCO-TecH'10. - : Linnaeus University. ; , s. 267-277
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Biodegradation of textile dyes from the azo class by Bjerkandera sp.and microbial consortium from forest residues. Bjerkandera’s degradation ability was evaluated in unsterile environment and put out of competition from the microbial consortium inhabiting forest residues. Microorganisms from forest residues were evaluated and transferred to soft wood shavings with maintained biodegrade performance. A continuous system was created containing anaerobic and aerobic parts and a successful degradation was monitored by spectrophotometer and High pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC).
|
|
| 10. |
- Forss, Jörgen, 1973-, et al.
(author)
-
Microbial biotreatment of actual textile wastewater in a continuous sequential rice husk biofilter and the microbial community involved
- 2017
-
In: PLOS ONE. - : PLOS. - 1932-6203. ; 12:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Textile dying processes often pollute wastewater with recalcitrant azo and anthraquinone dyes. Yet, there is little development of effective and affordable degradation systems for textile wastewater applicable in countries where water technologies remain poor. We determined biodegradation of actual textile wastewater in biofilters containing rice husks by spectrophotometry and liquid chromatography mass spectrometry. The indigenous microflora from the rice husks consistently performed >90% decolorization at a hydraulic retention time of 67 h. Analysis of microbial community composition of bacterial 16S rRNA genes and fungal internal transcribed spacer (ITS) gene fragments in the biofilters revealed a bacterial consortium known to carry azoreductase genes, such as Dysgonomonas, and Pseudomonas and the presence of fungal phylotypes such as Gibberella and Fusarium. Our findings emphasize that rice husk biofilters support a microbial community of both bacteria and fungi with key features for biodegradation of actual textile wastewater. These results suggest that microbial processes can substantially contribute to efficient and reliable degradation of actual textile wastewater. Thus, development of biodegradation systems holds promise for application of affordable wastewater treatment in polluted environments.
|
|
