| 1. |
- Björklund, Johanna, et al.
(author)
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Local selling as a driving force for increased on-farm biodiversity
- 2009
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In: Journal of Sustainable Agriculture. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1044-0046 .- 1540-7578. ; 33:8, s. 885-902
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper addresses the question of whether local selling of farm products improves on-farm biodiversity in rural areas. In contrast to the main agricultural trend of farms specializing and increasing in size in response to national and global markets, increasing numbers of Swedish farmers are diverting their efforts towards selling at local markets. Based on case studies of six farms selling their products locally, this paper explores the nature of the diversity on these farms and identifies qualities in the interaction between the farmers and their consumers that are supporting this diversity. The study showed that farmers who interacted with consumers were encouraged to diversify their production. Marketing a large diversity of products at a local market led to better income for participating farmers. Animal farms maintained important biodiversity associated with their extensive way of rearing animals on semi-natural pastures. Access to local markets promoted this.
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| 2. |
- Bocké, Alice, et al.
(author)
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Utvärdering av återvinning av CFC i byggisoleringsmaterial
- 2013
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Mycket har gjorts när det gäller tydligare regler och information kring hur avfallet skaomhändertas men det som brister är den praktiska hanteringen vid rivning av byggnader.En huvudorsak är att det är svårt att identifiera CFC vid rivning samt att det är dyrt atttransportera och destruera stora rivningsmassor. Det finns dessutom endast ett fåtalanläggningar i Sverige som har möjlighet att ta hand om byggmaterial innehållande CFC.Eftersom varje omhändertaget kilo CFC är mycket värt (i form av minskat behov avkostnader för klimatanpassning samt kostnader för skador från ett tunt ozonskikt) ser viatt det finns ett värde i att arbeta för en lösning som gör att insamlingen kommer igång såfort som möjligt.Utifrån IVL:s rapport (2012) uppskattas 8 ton CFC från isolermaterial lämnas in tilldestruktion per år och att över 72 ton CFC från isoleringsmaterial inte lämnas in påmiljöriktig avfallshantering per år. WSP:s bedömning är att uppskattningarna i tidigarestudier är rimliga42, men att mängden CFC som lämnas in till destruktion tyvärr äröverskattad.En kunskapshöjning i branschen om i vilka typer av material CFC förekommer, hur manidentifierar det och vilka skador det orsakar, är grundläggande förutsättningar för enbättre hantering av dessa material.Beställare av rivningsarbeten har en viktig funktion i hur CFC-haltigt material hanteras.Juridiskt är det byggherren/fastighetsägarens ansvar att ta reda på om FA, däribland CFC,kommer att uppstå vid en rivning och se till att detta omhändertas på ett korrekt sätt. Detfinns redan idag ekonomiska drivkrafter vid fragmenterings- ochförbränningsanläggningarna som skulle kunna användas om bara kunskapsnivån hosberörda aktörer var högre. Viljan att göra rätt ska dessutom inte underskattas. Vårbedömning är att en kommunikationssatsning riktad till främst beställarledet skulle medrelativt små medel kunna ge en ganska stor effekt. Ökad kunskap hos fastighetsägare omatt CFC använts i fler applikationer än köldmedier kan bidra till en ökad förståelse förhögre avfallskostnader. Det offentliga kan ha en stor roll att spela när det gällerkravställningar vid ombyggnation av allmännyttan, bland annat i miljonprogrammen.Vasakronan, Jernhusen och liknande aktörer är också viktiga att nå inför storaombyggnader av kontorslokaler för att betona vikten av fungerande rutiner för rättomhändertagande av CFC vid ombyggnation. Genom sin storlek kan allmännyttan bli enviktig aktör för att öka volymerna.
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| 3. |
- Dalmo, Johanna, et al.
(author)
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Evaluation of retinol binding protein 4 and carbamoylated haemoglobin as potential renal toxicity biomarkers in adult mice treated with Lu-177-octreotate
- 2014
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In: EJNMMI Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2191-219X. ; 4:59
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The kidneys are regarded as one of the main dose-limiting organs in the treatment of neuroendocrine tumours with Lu-177-[DOTA(0), Tyr(3)]-octreotate (Lu-177-octreotate), despite the successful use of kidney uptake blocking agents such as lysine and arginine. To avoid renal toxicity but still give each patient as high amount of Lu-177-octreotate as possible, there is a need for methods/biomarkers that indicate renal injury in an early stage of the treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of using urinary retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4) and carbamoylated haemoglobin (Hb) in blood as biomarkers of nephrotoxic effects on adult mice after Lu-177-octreotate treatment. Methods: Adult BALB/c nude mice were injected with 60 MBq or 120 MBq of Lu-177-octreotate or with saline (control). Urine was collected before injection and concentrations of urinary RBP4 and creatinine were determined 14 to 90 days after injection Blood samples were collected after 90 days, and carbamoylated N-terminal valine in Hb, formed from urea, was measured as valine hydantoin (VH) after detachment from Hb. Results: The RBP4 values increased with administered activity and time. For the 60 and 120 MBq groups, statistically significantly higher RBP4 levels (p <0.05) were found at day 60 and 90 compared to baseline, also at day 30 for 120 MBq group. For VH, the mean values were similar for the 60 MBq and control groups, while a small increase was observed for the 120 MBq group; but there were no statistically significant differences between any of the groups (p >0.05). No morphological changes in the kidney tissue were found. Conclusions: Urinary RBP4 is a promising new biomarker for radiation-induced renal toxicity. For the conditions used in this experiment, carbamoylated Hb (from urea) measured as VH may not be a sufficiently sensitive biomarker to be used for renal toxicity.
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| 4. |
- Dalmo, Johanna, et al.
(author)
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Potential renal toxicity biomarkers indicating radiation injury after 177Lu-octreotate treatment
- 2013
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In: Annual congress of the European association of nuclear medicine, october 19-23, 2013, Lyon, France. Posterwalk.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The kidneys are one of the most exposed non-tumor tissues and regarded as one of the main dose-limiting organs in peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT). [177Lu-DOTA0, Tyr3]-octreotate (177Lu-octreotate) has shown promising results in the treatment of somatostatin receptor overexpressing neuroendocrine tumors, but optimization is still needed. The ability to give each patient as much 177Lu-octreotate as possible without inducing nephrotoxicity is necessary for an efficient treatment. However, due to large inter-individual differences in uptake and retention in the kidneys, there is a need for efficient Methods that early can indicate renal injury. A possible way is to identify biomarkers for high risk of radiation nephrotoxicity. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential of using urinary retinol binding protein (RBP), and blood valinhydantoin (VH) as biomarkers of nephrotoxicity on adult mice after 177Lu-octreotate treatment. BALB/c nude mice (n=6/group) were i.v. injected with 60 MBq or 120 MBq of 177Lu-octreotate. The control group was mock treated with saline. Spot urine samples were collected before injection, and 14, 30, 60 and 90 days after injection. Analysis of RBP4 and creatinine was performed using Mouse RBP4 ELISA kit and Creatinine kit from R&D Systems, respectively. Erythrocytes were separated from whole blood samples collected 90 days after injection, and analysed for VH by LC-MS/MS. The ratio between VH and a volumetric standard was calculated. The RBP/creatinine level increased with time in both groups given 177Lu-octreotate, with earlier and higher response for the 120 MBq group. No clear change in VH level between the different groups was observed. The result show that RBP may be a promising new biomarker for radiation induced kidney toxicity. The presently used method based on VH was not sensitive enough to be used as kidney toxicity marker. Further studies on mice are ongoing to validate if RBP4 may be efficient in predicting late nephrotoxicity. In patients, RBP/creatinine levels are followed in urine samples after treatment with 177Lu-octreotate.
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| 5. |
- Englund, Liselotte, 1964-, et al.
(author)
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Strategi för information och kommunikation – genomförande och effekter av verksamhet finansierad via Sida : SADEV REPORT 2012:2
- 2012
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Den 22 december 2011 fick Institutet för utvärdering av internationellt utvecklingssamarbete (SADEV) i uppdrag att utvärdera genomförande och effekter av den informations- och kommunikationsverksamhet som finansieras via Sida (UF2011/76109/UD/USTYR).Regeringsuppdraget har genomförts i samarbete med Karlstads universitet, Avdelningen för medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap. Projektledare och huvudförfattare är fil dr Liselotte Englund.Utvärderingen belyser informations- och kommunikationsverksamhet som finansieras av Styrelsen för internationellt utvecklingssamarbete, Sida, i enlighet med regeringens "Strategi för informations- och kommunikationsverksamhet, inklusive genom organisationer i det civila samhället 2010-2014" (UD2008/35922/USTYR) – infokomm-strategin. Syftet är att ge underlag för den fortsatta utvecklingen av verksamheten, inklusive regeringens styrning inom Sveriges internationella utvecklingssamarbete, i detta fall med fokus på informations- och kommunikationsverksamheten. Avsikten är också att göra en övergripande beskrivning av den verksamhet som har bedrivits inom ramen för anslagsposten, och av hur Sida genomför strategin med fokus på urval, reglering och uppföljning.Målet att den svenska allmänheten ska ha "… god kunskap om situationen i utvecklingsländer samt svenskt bistånd och dess resultat samt frågor som för utvecklingens drivkrafter i utvecklingsländer" betraktas av de flesta som omätbart. Det bidrar i sin tur till att frågan om effekter i informations- och kommunikationsverksamheten blir svårbesvarad. Strategin ger inte mycket vägledning gällande vad som avses med effekter i sammanhanget.Metoderna att mäta kostnadseffektivitet är bristfälliga. Ett ofta använt mått är kontaktkostnad. Detta mäter emellertid oftast bara exponeringsgrad eller uppmärksamhet, och mer sällan kunskapsökning. Huruvida den bild av biståndet som getts genom olika kanaler är korrekt och bred är svårt att bedöma mot bakgrund av befintliga undersökningar och mätmetoder.Strategin betraktas av de flesta berörda som icke ändamålsenlig, varför det också blir svårt att genomföra den på ett ändamålsenligt sätt. Många av Sidas kriterier och regler är svåra att tolka, mäta och följa upp. Hierarkin mellan olika styrdokument är mycket oklar, och budskapen inte alltid synkroniserade.En jämförelse av informations- och kommunikationsverksamheten perioden före och efter strategins införande ger vid handen att verksamhetens mål var tydligare före strategin. Även om det framstod som mer mätbart att redovisa måluppfyllelse avseende det dåvarande målet "ökat engagemang" så genererade rapporterna oftast generella kvantitativa mått som "visat intresse", "fullbokat" eller "nått många". Dagens målskrivning, att den svenska allmänheten ska ha god kunskap, framstår dock som ännu mer svårtmätbar och riskerar att i hög grad generera projekt som inte definierar effekter utan enbart rapporterar i termer av räckvidd och exponering.Rapporten utmynnar i rekommendationer inom ett antal områden, vilka preciseras närmare i rapporten:en omarbetad strategi för informationansvarfördelningen mellan SIDA och CSOklargörande i opinionsbildningsfrågantydliggörande av strategier, policyer och planerorganisering av handläggningen på SIDAinformationsinsatsernas artmer kostandseffektiva insatsermålgrupperinnehållsanalyser av medieutbudetansökningsförfarandet - fyra nya finansieringsformerökat krav på instruktioner för SIDA:s verksamhettydligare kravprofil för slutrapporteringtransparens, CSO-databasen och Openaid.seökad metodkompetensöversyn av satsningen "nya aktörer"en ny utvärdering tidigast hösten 2013
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| 6. |
- Milestad, Rebecka, et al.
(author)
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Enhancing Adaptive Capacity in Food Systems : Learning at Farmers' Markets in Sweden
- 2010
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In: Ecology and Society. - 1708-3087. ; 15:3, s. 29-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article examines how local food systems in the form of farmers' markets can enhance adaptive capacity and build social-ecological resilience. It does this by exploring the learning potential among farmers and customers. Learning can enable actors to adapt successfully and thus build adaptive capacity. Three forms of learning are investigated: instrumental, communicative, and emancipatory. These forms of learning constitute the foundation for lasting changes of behaviors. Local food systems are characterized by close links and opportunities for face-to-face interactions between consumers and producers of food, and are also institutions where farmers and customers can express and act upon their ethical values concerning food. However, local food systems are still a marginal phenomenon and cannot be accessed by all consumers. Interviews were held with customers and farmers, and the interactions between farmers and customers were observed at two farmers' markets in Sweden. Customers and farmers were found to learn and adapt to each other due to the opportunities offered by the farmers' markets. We found that farmers and customers learned in the instrumental and communicative domains, but could not confirm emancipatory learning. We concluded that the feedback between customers and farmers offers the potential for learning, which in turn contributes to adaptive capacity. This can be a driving force for building resilience in the food system.
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| 7. |
- Uhlén, Mathias, et al.
(author)
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A human protein atlas for normal and cancer tissues based on antibody proteomics
- 2005
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In: Molecular & Cellular Proteomics. - 1535-9476 .- 1535-9484. ; 4:12, s. 1920-1932
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Antibody-based proteomics provides a powerful approach for the functional study of the human proteome involving the systematic generation of protein-specific affinity reagents. We used this strategy to construct a comprehensive, antibody-based protein atlas for expression and localization profiles in 48 normal human tissues and 20 different cancers. Here we report a new publicly available database containing, in the first version, similar to 400,000 high resolution images corresponding to more than 700 antibodies toward human proteins. Each image has been annotated by a certified pathologist to provide a knowledge base for functional studies and to allow queries about protein profiles in normal and disease tissues. Our results suggest it should be possible to extend this analysis to the majority of all human proteins thus providing a valuable tool for medical and biological research.
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| 8. |
- Westberg, Emelie, et al.
(author)
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Conditions for sample preparation and quantitative HPLC/MS-MS analysis of bulky adducts to serum albumin with diolepoxides of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons as models
- 2014
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In: Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1618-2642 .- 1618-2650. ; 406:5, s. 1519-1530
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Stable adducts to serum albumin (SA) from electrophilic and genotoxic compounds/metabolites can be used as biomarkers for quantification of the corresponding in vivo dose. In the present study, conditions for specific analysis of stable adducts to SA formed from carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) were evaluated in order to achieve a sensitive and reproducible quantitative method. Bulky adducts from diolepoxides (DE) of PAH, primarily DE of benzo[a]pyrene (BPDE) and also DE of dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DBPDE) and dibenzo[a,h]anthracene (DBADE), were used as model compounds. The alkylated peptides obtained after enzymatic hydrolysis of human SA modified with the different PAHDE were principally PAHDE-His-Pro, PAHDE-His-Pro-Tyr and PAHDE-Lys. Alkaline hydrolysis under optimised conditions gave the BPDE-His as the single analyte of alkylated His, but also indicated degradation of this adduct. It was not possible to obtain the BPDE-His as one analyte from BPDE-alkylated SA through modifications of the enzymatic hydrolysis. The BPDE-His adduct was shown to be stable during the weak acidic conditions used in the isolation of SA. Enrichment by HPLC or SPE, but not butanol extraction, gave good recovery, using Protein LoBind tubes. A simple internal standard (IS) approach using SA modified with other PAHDE as IS was shown to be applicable. A robust analytical procedure based on digestion with pronase, enrichment by HPLC or SPE, and analysis with HPLC/MS-MS electrospray ionisation was achieved. A good reproducibility (coefficient of variation (CV) 11 %) was obtained, and the achieved limit of detection for the studied PAHDE, using standard instrumentation, was approximately 1 fmol adduct/mg SA analysing extract from 5 mg SA.
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| 9. |
- Westberg, Johanna, et al.
(author)
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Rebuilding and a conscious and courageous leadership reduced energy consumption more than 80 percent
- 2014
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In: Sustainable Buildings. Results. - Madrid : GBCE. - 9788469718155
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Akademiska Hus AB has the ambition to halve the energy cost from the year 2000 to 2025. Between 2006 and 2010 the Natural Science Building was renovated completely, and a new presence- and pressure controlled air treatment system was installed. The results show that the investments reduced the heat energy consumption with about 80 percent and the building electricity consumption with about 85 percent. Akademiska Hus AB Region North, had in 2010 built the most energy efficient office building in the region, and still the building is one of the most energy efficient buildings in Umeå. The conclusion of the project is that it is possible with quite easy and also viable investments build more energy efficient than the building Code and the building industry in common requires. A strategic work, ambitious objectives and a conscious and courageous leadership seems to be just as important.
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