| 1. |
- Breitholtz, E, et al.
(author)
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Cognitions in generalized anxiety disorder and panic disorder patients
- 1998
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In: Journal of Anxiety Disorders. ; 12, s. 567-577
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Forty-three patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) and 44 patients with panic disorder (PD) were given a standardized interview about thoughts and images during times of anxiety. The two groups differed significantly regarding the ideational con
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| 2. |
- Clark, DM, et al.
(author)
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Misinterpretation of body sensations in panic disorder
- 1997
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In: JOURNAL OF CONSULTING AND CLINICAL PSYCHOLOGY. - : AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC. - 0022-006X. ; 65:2, s. 203-213
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cognitive accounts of panic predict that panic disorder patients will be particularly prone to misinterpret autonomic sensations. Several studies have produced results consistent with this prediction, but each is open to alternative interpretation. To cl
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| 3. |
- Bennett-Levy, James, et al.
(author)
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Acquiring and Refining CBT Skills and Competencies : Which Training Methods are Perceived to be Most Effective?
- 2009
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In: Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy. - 1352-4658 .- 1469-1833. ; 37:5, s. 571-583
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: A theoretical and empirical base for CBT training and supervision has started to emerge. Increasingly sophisticated maps of CBT therapist competencies have recently been developed, and there is evidence that CBT training and supervision can produce enhancement of CBT skills. However, the evidence base suggesting which specific training techniques are most effective for the development of CBT competencies is lacking. Aims: This paper addresses the question: What training or supervision methods are perceived by experienced therapists to be most effective for training CBT competencies? Method: 120 experienced CBT therapists rated which training or supervision methods in their experience had been most effective in enhancing different types of therapy-relevant knowledge or skills. Results: In line with the main prediction, it was found that different training methods were perceived to be differentially effective. For instance, reading, lectures/talks and modelling were perceived to be most useful for the acquisition of declarative knowledge, while enactive learning strategies (role-play, self-experiential work), together with modelling and reflective practice, were perceived to be most effective in enhancing procedural skills. Self-experiential work and reflective practice were seen as particularly helpful in improving reflective capability and interpersonal skills. Conclusions: The study provides a framework for thinking about the acquisition and refinement of therapist skills that may help trainers, supervisors and clinicians target their learning objectives with the most effective training strategies.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Carlbring, Per, et al.
(author)
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A review of published self-help books for panic disorder
- 2000
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Behaviour Therapy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0284-5717. ; 29:1, s. 5-13
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This brief review of 14 self-help books on panic disorder compares: target group, treatment time, included components, existence of structured exercises, and whether or not daily record-keeping is encouraged. Six of the books cover all components deemed necessary for a multimodal cognitive-behavioral treatment package, and five of these are recommended. The reviews are followed by a brief summary of published bibliotherapy studies in which a selection of the books has been used. The results of these studies suggest that bibliotherapy is effective, with an effect size ranging from d = 0.5 to d = 1.5.
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| 6. |
- Carlbring, Per, et al.
(author)
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All at once or one at a time? : a randomized controlled trial comparing two ways to deliver bibliotherapy for panic Disorder
- 2011
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In: Cognitive Behaviour Therapy. - Routledge : Routledge, Taylor and Francis Group. - 1650-6073 .- 1651-2316. ; 40:33, s. 228-235
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Bibliotherapy is potentially effective in the treatment of panic disorder (PD). A still unanswered question is whether pacing is important. This study was designed to test whether there is a difference between being assigned a full book as therapy and receiving one individual chapter every week (i.e. pacing). A total of 28 participants were randomized to either 10 paced chapters or one book with 10 chapters. To maximize compliance, short weekly telephone calls were added in both conditions ( M¼17.8 min,SD¼4.2). Both treatments showed promising results, with effects maintained up to 2 years and with within-group effect sizes (Cohen’s d) between 0.95 and 1.11. Pretreatment ratings of credibility were positively correlated with the change scores at both posttest and 2-year follow-up for three panic measures. Pacing of text material in bibliotherapy for PD is not needed, and all material can be provided at once when the treatment is guided by a therapist.
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| 7. |
- Carlbring, Per, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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Remote treatment of panic disorder : A randomized trial of internet-based cognitive behavior therapy supplemented with telephone calls
- 2006
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In: American Journal of Psychiatry. - 0002-953X .- 1535-7228. ; 163:12, s. 2119-2125
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: This study evaluated a 10-week Internet-based bibliotherapy self-help program with short weekly telephone calls for people suffering from panic disorder with or without agoraphobia. Method: After the authors confirmed the diagnosis by administering the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV by telephone, 60 participants were randomly assigned to either a wait-listed control group or a multimodal treatment package based on cognitive behavior therapy plus minimal therapist contact via e-mail. A 10-minute telephone call was made each week to support each participant. Total mean time spent on each participant during the 10 weeks was 3.9 hours. The participants were required to send in homework assignments before receiving the next treatment module. Results: Analyses were conducted on an intention-to-treat basis, which included all randomly assigned participants. From pretreatment to posttreatment, all treated participants improved significantly on all measured dimensions (bodily interpretations, maladaptive cognitions, avoidance, general anxiety and depression levels, and quality of life). Treatment gains on self-report measures were maintained at the 9-month follow-up. A blind telephone interview after the end of treatment revealed that 77% of the treated patients no longer fulfilled the criteria for panic disorder, whereas all of the wait-listed subjects still suffered from it. Conclusions: This study provides evidence to support the use of treatment distributed via the Internet with the addition of short weekly telephone calls to treat panic disorder. Replication should be made to compare self-help and telephone treatment based on cognitive behavior methods with nonspecific interventions.
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| 8. |
- Carlbring, Per, et al.
(author)
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Treatment of panic disorder via the Internet : A randomized trial of a self-help program
- 2001
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In: Behavior Therapy. - 0005-7894 .- 1878-1888. ; 32:4, s. 751-764
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This controlled study, evaluated an Internet-delivered self-help program plus minimal therapist contact via e-mail for people suffering front panic disorder. Out of the 500 individuals screened using the self-administered diagnostic instrument Composite International Diagnostic Interview in shortened form (World Health Organization, 1999), 41 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. These participants were randomized to either treatment via the Internet or to a waiting-list control. The main components of the treatment were psychoeducation. breathing retraining, cognitive restructuring, interoceptive exposure. in vivo exposure, and relapse prevention. From pre- to post- test self-help, participants improved significantly more on almost all dimensions. The results from this experiment generally provide evidence for the continued use and development of self-help programs for panic disorder distributed via the Internet.
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| 9. |
- Tillfors, Maria, 1963-, et al.
(author)
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Treating university students with social phobia and public speaking fears : Internet delivered self-help with or without live group exposure sessions
- 2008
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In: Depression and anxiety (Print). - : Hindawi Limited. - 1091-4269 .- 1520-6394. ; 25:8, s. 708-717
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: This study investigated the efficacy of an Internet-based self-help program with minimal therapist contact via e-mail for Swedish university students with social phobia and public speaking fears. The main objective was to test if the Internet-based self-help program would be more effective if five live group exposure sessions were added. METHODS: Thirty-eight students meeting the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders, 4th edition criteria for social phobia were randomized into two different treatment groups: Internet delivered cognitive behavior therapy combined with five group exposure sessions (ICBT+ exp) or the Internet program alone (ICBT). RESULTS: Results were analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis. Both treatment groups showed significant improvement from pre- to post-test, and from pre-test to 1-year follow-up, on all measured dimensions (social anxiety, general anxiety, depression levels, and quality of life). For both the groups, the average within-group effect sizes for the primary social anxiety scales, expressed as Cohen's d, were comparable to those seen in traditionally administered cognitive behavioral therapy both at post-test and at 1- year follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the Internet-based self-help program on its own is efficient in the treatment of university students with social phobia. Adding group exposure sessions did not improve the outcome significantly.
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| 10. |
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