| 1. |
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Ageing with disability : a lifecourse perspective
- 2013
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (refereegranskat)abstract
- This is the first book to address the issue of ageing after a long life with disability. It breaks new ground through its particular life course perspective, examining what it means to age with a physical or mental disability and what the implications are of 'becoming old' for people who have had extensive disabilities for many years. These people may have had to leave the labour market early, and the book looks at available care resources, both formal and informal. Ageing with disability challenges set ideas about successful ageing, as well as some of those about disabilities. The life course approach that is used unfolds important insights about the impact of multiple disabilities over time and on the phases of life. The book highlights the meaning of care in unexplored contexts, such as where ageing parents are caregivers or regarding mutual care in disabled couples. These are areas of knowledge which have, to date, been totally neglected.
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| 2. |
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Ageing with disability : a lifecourse perspective
- 2013
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Samlingsverk (redaktörskap) (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- The first book to address the issue of aging with a long-term disability, "Ageing with Disability" breaks new ground through its particular lifecourse perspective, examining what it means to age with a physical or mental disability and what the implications are of "becoming old" for people who have had extensive disabilities for many years. It highlights the meaning of care in unexplored contexts, such as aging parents acting as caregivers or mutual care by disabled couples, areas of disability studies that have, until now, been totally neglected
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| 3. |
- Andersson Elmtoft, Natasja, et al.
(författare)
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Personlig professionell utveckling för socionomer
- 2023. - 1
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Bok (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- I Personlig professionell utveckling för socionomer tar författarna ett grepp kring den livslånga lärandeprocess som kan ge blivande och yrkesverksamma socionomer förutsättningar att utveckla en hållbar yrkesroll samt en yrkesidentitet präglad av etisk medvetenhet och en personlig professionalitet. Ett vanligt budskap inom socionomens profession är vikten av att vara professionell, möjligen personlig, men aldrig privat. Författarna menar att detta delvis är ett missförstånd, att många tror sig behöva bli opersonliga eller spela en roll som professionell. För att skapa ett såväl personligt som professionellt bemötande behöver man arbeta med sin självkännedom, sin empatiska förmåga och med att utveckla en etisk medvetenhet.Författarna kombinerar teoretiska resonemang med olika reflektionsövningar för att uppmuntra läsaren till eftertanke kring de teman boken behandlar; viljan att utvecklas, självkännedom, empatisk förmåga, etiskt bemötande samt strategier för att hålla som socionom. Det handlar om att hur man som socionom kan smälta samman sin personlighet med sin professionella roll. Ja, att vara sig själv som socionom. Boken vänder sig till såväl socionomstudenter som till yrkesverksamma socionomer samt till andra inom socialt arbete och människovårdande yrken.
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| 4. |
- Broström, Magnus, 1969-
(författare)
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Äldre människors föreställningar om den egna framtiden, döendet och döden
- 2014
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Doktorsavhandling (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)abstract
- Syftet med avhandlingen är att utforska äldre människors föreställningar om och förhållningssätt till den egna framtiden, döendet och döden. Det är ämnen som hittills har fått begränsad uppmärksamhet. En bakomliggande orsak till detta är att äldreforskning och dödsforskning sällan har förenats. Dessutom synliggörs äldres döende och död nästan inte alls i offentlig debatt, trots att ålderdomen är den fas i livet då döden normalt inträffar. Studien bygger på kvalitativa intervjuer med 27 äldre kvinnor och män i åldrarna 70–91 år, vilka alla bodde i ordinärt boende och betraktade sig själva som relativt friska. Genomförande, analys och tolkning av intervjuerna har utgått från ett livsloppsperspektiv, där både en abduktiv och en hermeneutisk ansats tillämpades. I analys och tolkning framkom kontrasterande mönster i de intervjuades funderingar på den egna framtiden och döden, i deras samtal med någon om döden, i deras erfarenheter av döende och död, och i vad de trodde hände efter döden. Resultaten visar också att funderingar och agerande inför en krympande framtid utgjorde centrala inslag i de äldres vardag och att de intervjuade laborerade med olika tidshorisonter. Ett annat resultat handlar vad som är rätt tidpunkt i livet för att fundera på döden, samtala med andra om döden, för att planera inför döden och för ett ”efter döden”. Det är en komplex bild av äldres föreställningar om den egna framtiden, döendet och döden som framkommit, där teman som åldersmönster, ett förlängt livslopp, ansvar, kontroll och värdighet är centrala inslag. Avhandlingens resultat kan bidra till en bättre förståelse för äldre människors situation i ljuset av en krympande framtid, döende och död.
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| 5. |
- Campbell, PJ, et al.
(författare)
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Pan-cancer analysis of whole genomes
- 2020
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Ingår i: Nature. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1476-4687 .- 0028-0836. ; 578:7793, s. 82-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Cancer is driven by genetic change, and the advent of massively parallel sequencing has enabled systematic documentation of this variation at the whole-genome scale1–3. Here we report the integrative analysis of 2,658 whole-cancer genomes and their matching normal tissues across 38 tumour types from the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes (PCAWG) Consortium of the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We describe the generation of the PCAWG resource, facilitated by international data sharing using compute clouds. On average, cancer genomes contained 4–5 driver mutations when combining coding and non-coding genomic elements; however, in around 5% of cases no drivers were identified, suggesting that cancer driver discovery is not yet complete. Chromothripsis, in which many clustered structural variants arise in a single catastrophic event, is frequently an early event in tumour evolution; in acral melanoma, for example, these events precede most somatic point mutations and affect several cancer-associated genes simultaneously. Cancers with abnormal telomere maintenance often originate from tissues with low replicative activity and show several mechanisms of preventing telomere attrition to critical levels. Common and rare germline variants affect patterns of somatic mutation, including point mutations, structural variants and somatic retrotransposition. A collection of papers from the PCAWG Consortium describes non-coding mutations that drive cancer beyond those in the TERT promoter4; identifies new signatures of mutational processes that cause base substitutions, small insertions and deletions and structural variation5,6; analyses timings and patterns of tumour evolution7; describes the diverse transcriptional consequences of somatic mutation on splicing, expression levels, fusion genes and promoter activity8,9; and evaluates a range of more-specialized features of cancer genomes8,10–18.
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| 6. |
- Combs, Elizabeth K., et al.
(författare)
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Physiological and Cognitive Performance in F-22 Pilots During Day and Night Flying
- 2021
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Ingår i: Aerospace Medicine and Human Performance. - : Aerospace Medical Association. - 2375-6314 .- 2375-6322. ; 92:5, s. 303-311
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Many workers routinely transition between day and night shifts—including pilots, where night flights are commonly considered more stressful. The physiological toll from this transition is not fully understood, though fatigue is a factor in many aviation accidents. This research investigated the changes in physiological markers of stress and cognitive performance as F-22 pilots transitioned from day flying to night flying. methods: There were 17 fully-qualified F-22 pilots who took part in a 2-wk data collection using salivary swabs, wrist-worn activity monitors, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration-Task Load Index (NASA-TLX) inventory, and a go/no-go (GNG) test. results: No differences were found in comparing day and night flying on the GNG reaction time/accuracy, NASA-TLX scores, or sleep quantity. Cortisol levels were significantly higher than civilian levels in all experimental conditions and control days. Participants had higher than predicted cortisol levels postflight in the day-flying condition and lower than predicted cortisol levels postflight in the night-flying condition, relative to levels from control day patterns. We also found smaller changes in cortisol (pre- to postflight) in the day-flying condition for those with more F-22 experience. Finally, we found a negative correlation between Perceived Stress Scale scores and age of pilots (r 5 -20.72). discussion: We hypothesized that the night-flying environment would be more stressful, but our results disputed this claim. Our results suggest day flying elicits more of a stress response; however, a larger sample size is required to verify results. Preliminary findings of potential stress adaptation may suggest stress adaptation in the F-22 community needs further investigation.
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| 7. |
- Edem, Idara J., et al.
(författare)
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External injuries, trauma and avoidable deaths in Agincourt, South Africa : a retrospective observational and qualitative study
- 2019
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Ingår i: BMJ Open. - : BMJ Publishing Group Ltd. - 2044-6055. ; 9:6
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Injury burden is highest in low-income and middle-income countries. To reduce avoidable deaths, it is necessary to identify health system deficiencies preventing timely, quality care. We developed criteria to use verbal autopsy (VA) data to identify avoidable deaths and associated health system deficiencies.Setting: Agincourt, a rural Bushbuckridge municipality, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa.Participants: Agincourt Health and Socio-Demographic Surveillance System and healthcare providers (HCPs) from local hospitals.Methods: A literature review to explore definitions of avoidable deaths after trauma and barriers to access to care using the ‘three delays framework’ (seeking, reaching and receiving care) was performed. Based on these definitions, this study developed criteria, applicable for use with VA data, for identifying avoidable death and which of the three delays contributed to avoidable deaths. These criteria were then applied retrospectively to the VA-defined category external injury deaths (EIDs—a subset of which are trauma deaths) from 2012 to 2015. The findings were validated by external expert review. Key informant interviews (KIIs) with HCPs were performed to further explore delays to care.Results: Using VA data, avoidable death was defined with a focus on survivability, using level of consciousness at the scene and ability to seek care as indicators. Of 260 EIDs (189 trauma deaths), there were 104 (40%) avoidable EIDs and 78 (30%) avoidable trauma deaths (41% of trauma deaths). Delay in receiving care was the largest contributor to avoidable EIDs (61%) and trauma deaths (59%), followed by delay in seeking care (24% and 23%) and in reaching care (15% and 18%). KIIs revealed context-specific factors contributing to the third delay, including difficult referral systems.Conclusions: A substantial proportion of EIDs and trauma deaths were avoidable, mainly occurring due to facility-based delays in care. Interventions, including strengthening referral networks, may substantially reduce trauma deaths.
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| 8. |
- Hammaker, D., et al.
(författare)
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LBH Gene Transcription Regulation by the Interplay of an Enhancer Risk Allele and DNA Methylation in Rheumatoid Arthritis
- 2016
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Ingår i: Arthritis & Rheumatology. - : Wiley. - 2326-5191. ; 68:11, s. 2637-2645
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectiveTo identify nonobvious therapeutic targets for rheumatoid arthritis (RA), we performed an integrative analysis incorporating multiple omics data and the Encyclopedia of DNA Elements (ENCODE) database for potential regulatory regions. This analysis identified the limb bud and heart development (LBH) gene, which has risk alleles associated with RA/celiac disease and lupus, and can regulate cell proliferation in RA. We identified a novel LBH transcription enhancer with an RA risk allele (rs906868 G [Ref]/T) 6 kb upstream of the LBH gene with a differentially methylated locus. The confluence of 3 regulatory elements, rs906868, an RA differentially methylated locus, and a putative enhancer, led us to investigate their effects on LBH regulation in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). MethodsWe cloned the 1.4-kb putative enhancer with either the rs906868 Ref allele or single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) variant into reporter constructs. The constructs were methylated in vitro and transfected into cultured FLS by nucleofection. ResultsWe found that both variants increased transcription, thereby confirming the region's enhancer function. Unexpectedly, the transcriptional activity of the Ref risk allele was significantly lower than that of the SNP variant and is consistent with low LBH levels as a risk factor for aggressive FLS behavior. Using RA FLS lines with a homozygous Ref or SNP allele, we confirmed that homozygous Ref lines expressed lower LBH messenger RNA levels than did the SNP lines. Methylation significantly reduced enhancer activity for both alleles, indicating that enhancer function is dependent on its methylation status. ConclusionThis study shows how the interplay between genetics and epigenetics can affect expression of LBH in RA.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Holme, Lotta, et al.
(författare)
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Disability, Life Course and Ageing
- 2008
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Ingår i: Paper presented at the 19th Nordic Congress of Gerontology. Oslo, May 25-28, 2008.
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Konferensbidrag (refereegranskat)
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