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- Luhr, O., et al.
(author)
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A retrospective analysis of nitric oxide inhalation in patients with severe acute lung injury in Sweden and Norway 1991-1994
- 1997
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In: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley. - 0001-5172 .- 1399-6576. ; 41:10, s. 1238-46
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Patients with severe acute lung injury (ALI) have been treated compassionately on doctors' initiative with inhaled nitric oxide (INO) in Sweden and Norway since 1991. In 1994 the previously used technical grade nitric oxide was replaced by medical grade nitric oxide. METHODS: We have carried out a retrospective data collection on all identified adult patients treated with INO for >4 h during the period 1991-1994 focusing on safety aspects and patient outcome. We used the following exclusion criteria (1) Age <18 years, (2) Simultaneous treatment with extracorporeal removal of CO2 (3) NO inhalation period <4 h, (4) Incomplete or missing patient charts, (5) Use of INO in order to treat pulmonary hypertension following cardiac surgery, with little or no acute lung injury. RESULTS: Inclusion criteria were met by 56 out of 73 identified patients. Mean age was 48+/-19 years and the median duration of INO treatment was 102 h. PaO2/FIO2 ratio at start of treatment was 85 +/- 33 mm Hg with a lung injury score (LIS) of 3.2+/-0.8. The aetiology of the lung injury was pneumonia (n= 27), sepsis (n=12) and trauma (n=8). Survival to hospital discharge was 41% and survival after 180 d was 38%. Three serious adverse events were identified, two from technical failures of the INO delivery device and one withdrawal reaction necessitating slow weaning from INO. No methaemoglobin values >5% were reported during treatment. CONCLUSION: The overall mortality did not differ dramatically from historical controls with high mortality. Only a randomised study may determine whether INO as an adjunct to treatment alters the outcome in severe ALI. One cannot at present advocate the routine use of INO in patients with ALI outside such studies.
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- Orwelius, Lotti, et al.
(author)
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Health-related quality of life at 2, 6 and 12 months after critical illness - lessons learnt from a nationwide follow-up of 4,500 ICU admissions
- 2015
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- IntroductionThe development of intensive care medicine has led to improved survival of patients with complex illnesses and extensive injuries. Survivors are at risk of acquiring physical and functional deficits that may have negative effects on health-related quality of life (HRQoL). The significance of measuring HRQoL has been underlined by critical care researchers since poor HRQoL is associated with an adverse prognosis.ObjectiveThe aim of this work was to examine the development of HRQoL at 2, 6 and 12 months after ICU discharge in a mixed ICU patient population with an ICU-stay > 96 hrs.MethodsWe analysed admissions during 2008-2014 to 49 ICUs that submitted follow-up data to the Swedish Intensive Care Registry (SIR, http://www.icuregswe.org). HRQoL was measured using the Short Form 36 (SF36) questionnaire at 2, 6, and 12 months after discharge from ICU. SF36 domains, age, gender, illness severity on admission (SAPS3 probabilities) and length of ICU-stay were analysed for the entire cohort and for important diagnostic groups. SF36 scores were compared to an age- and gender-adjusted Swedish normal population. Differences in SF36 domains were analysed using non-parametric methods. Medians and interquartile ranges are presented.ResultsComplete SF36 responses were analysed for 4453, 4019 and 2515 admissions at 2, 6 and 12 months, respectively. HRQoL at 2 months in patients that subsequently were lost to follow-up was generally similar to those with follow-up, but they were younger, less ill and had shorter ICU-stay. Full longitudinal data with complete SF36 responses were obtained in 1438 patients [Age: 66 yrs. (57-73 yrs.), female gender: 37.2%, SAPS3 prob: 0.36 (0.19-0.55), ICU-stay: 7.0 days (4.9-11.5 days)]. SF36 improved over time in all domains (P < 0.001, Table), although some domains remained stable from 6 to 12 months. Patterns of recovery differed between important diagnostic groups (i.e. sepsis, out-of-hospital cardiac arrest, COPD, ARDS). A large proportion of patients (10-25% depending on SF36 domain) had HRQoL scores at 12 months which was below 2 standard deviations of the age- and gender-adjusted Swedish norm. The cardiac arrest group were among those with best, and the COPD group were among those with worst HRQoL at 12 months.ConclusionsHRQoL recovered over 12 months in critically ill patients with a prolonged ICU stay. Recovery varied between diagnostic groups and a large proportion of patients had markedly depressed HRQoL. These findings may have important implications for follow-up and care after critical illness.
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