| 1. |
- van Haarlem, M. P., et al.
(författare)
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LOFAR : The LOw-Frequency ARray
- 2013
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Ingår i: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 556, s. 1-53
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- LOFAR, the LOw-Frequency ARray, is a new-generation radio interferometer constructed in the north of the Netherlands and across europe. Utilizing a novel phased-array design, LOFAR covers the largely unexplored low-frequency range from 10–240 MHz and provides a number of unique observing capabilities. Spreading out from a core located near the village of Exloo in the northeast of the Netherlands, a total of 40 LOFAR stations are nearing completion. A further five stations have been deployed throughout Germany, and one station has been built in each of France, Sweden, and the UK. Digital beam-forming techniques make the LOFAR system agile and allow for rapid repointing of the telescope as well as the potential for multiple simultaneous observations. With its dense core array and long interferometric baselines, LOFAR achieves unparalleled sensitivity and angular resolution in the low-frequency radio regime. The LOFAR facilities are jointly operated by the International LOFAR Telescope (ILT) foundation, as an observatory open to the global astronomical community. LOFAR is one of the first radio observatories to feature automated processing pipelines to deliver fully calibrated science products to its user community. LOFAR’s new capabilities, techniques and modus operandi make it an important pathfinder for the Square Kilometre Array (SKA). We give an overview of the LOFAR instrument, its major hardware and software components, and the core science objectives that have driven its design. In addition, we present a selection of new results from the commissioning phase of this new radio observatory.
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| 2. |
- Herlitz, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Effect of metoprolol on chest pain in acute myocardial
- 1984
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Ingår i: British Heart Journal. - : BMJ Group. - 0007-0769. ; 51:4, s. 438-444
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A total of 1395 patients aged 40 to 74 years were included in a double blind trial with the beta 1 selective blocker metoprolol in suspected acute myocardial infarction. Metoprolol was given intravenously (15 mg) as soon as possible after admission to hospital followed by 200 mg daily for three months. A placebo was given in the same manner. The severity of chest pain in the acute phase was calculated by recording the number of injections of analgesics given and the time from the start of blind treatment to the time when the last analgesic was given (duration of pain). The patients receiving metoprolol were given a lower mean number of injections of analgesics during the first four days and after randomisation than those receiving a placebo. The estimated duration of pain was shorter in the metoprolol group than in the placebo group. These effects were related to the initial heart rate, the initial systolic blood pressure, and the final site of the infarct as determined electrocardiographically. Thus metoprolol given in the acute phase of suspected or definite myocardial infarction appears to reduce the severity of chest pain.
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| 3. |
- Herlitz, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Goteborg Metoprolol Trial : clinical observations
- 1984
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Ingår i: American Journal of Cardiology. - : Excerpta Medica, Inc.. - 0002-9149 .- 1879-1913. ; 53:13, s. 37-45
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Heart rate, systolic blood pressure and rate-pressure product were analyzed during the first 18 hours and 4 days after intravenous metoprolol or placebo. On injection of metoprolol there was an immediate decrease in mean heart rate from 72.9 0.6 to 62.7 0.4 beats/min, but no change was found in the placebo group. The difference in heart rate remained during the first 4 days. Systolic blood pressure was reduced from 144.1 0.9 to 134.6 0.9 mm Hg after intravenous metoprolol and was lower than that in the placebo group during 4 days of follow-up. Indirect signs of congestive heart failure tended to be less severe in patients given metoprolol within 12 hours of the onset of symptoms than in those given placebo. The duration of hospitalization also tended to be shorter in patients given early metoprolol treatment than in those given placebo early.
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| 4. |
- Herlitz, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Göteborg Metoprolol Trial : mortality and causes of death
- 1984
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Ingår i: American Journal of Cardiology. - : Excerpta Medica, Inc.. - 0002-9149 .- 1879-1913. ; 53:13, s. 9-14
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- During the 3-month blind treatment period there were 40 deaths in the metoprolol group compared with 62 deaths in the placebo group (p = 0.024). During the first year (after 3 months the 2 groups were treated similarly) there were 64 deaths in the metoprolol group vs 93 in the placebo group (p = 0.017) and during 2 years 92 patients died in the metoprolol group vs 120 in the placebo group (p = 0.043). The relative incidence of different causes of death did not differ significantly between the 2 treatment groups, indicating that metoprolol reduced all causes of death to the same extent as its effect on overall mortality.
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| 5. |
- Herlitz, Johan, et al.
(författare)
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Göteborg Metoprolol Trial : design, patient characteristics and conduct
- 1984
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Ingår i: American Journal of Cardiology. - : Excerpta Medica, Inc.. - 0002-9149 .- 1879-1913. ; 53:13, s. 3D-8D
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The Göteborg Metoprolol Trial was a double-blind, placebo-controlled, stratified trial aimed at evaluating the effect of the beta 1-selective blocker, metoprolol, in suspected acute myocardial infarction and during 2 years of follow-up. The primary end-point was 3-month mortality (blind treatment period). Secondary end-points were 2-year mortality, indirect signs of infarct size, chest pain, arrhythmias and tolerability. The entry criteria were fulfilled in 2,802 patients, 1,395 of whom were included in the trial. Treatment started as soon as possible after arrival in hospital with intravenous administration followed by oral treatment for 3 months. All patients were randomized 48 hours or less after estimated onset of infarction and 69% were randomized at 12 hours or less. The blind treatment had to be withdrawn in 19% of all randomized patients before the end of the 3-month follow-up.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Aase, Audun, et al.
(författare)
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Validate or falsify: Lessons learned from a microscopy method claimed to be useful for detecting Borrelia and Babesia organisms in human blood
- 2016
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Ingår i: INFECTIOUS DISEASES. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 2374-4235 .- 2374-4243. ; 48:6, s. 411-419
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Background A modified microscopy protocol (the LM-method) was used to demonstrate what was interpreted as Borrelia spirochetes and later also Babesia sp., in peripheral blood from patients. The method gained much publicity, but was not validated prior to publication, which became the purpose of this study using appropriate scientific methodology, including a control group. Methods Blood from 21 patients previously interpreted as positive for Borrelia and/or Babesia infection by the LM-method and 41 healthy controls without known history of tick bite were collected, blinded and analysed for these pathogens by microscopy in two laboratories by the LM-method and conventional method, respectively, by PCR methods in five laboratories and by serology in one laboratory. Results Microscopy by the LM-method identified structures claimed to be Borrelia- and/or Babesia in 66% of the blood samples of the patient group and in 85% in the healthy control group. Microscopy by the conventional method for Babesia only did not identify Babesia in any samples. PCR analysis detected Borrelia DNA in one sample of the patient group and in eight samples of the control group; whereas Babesia DNA was not detected in any of the blood samples using molecular methods. Conclusions The structures interpreted as Borrelia and Babesia by the LM-method could not be verified by PCR. The method was, thus, falsified. This study underlines the importance of doing proper test validation before new or modified assays are introduced.
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| 8. |
- Berg, AL, et al.
(författare)
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Early stellate cell activation and veno-occlusive-disease (VOD)-like hepatotoxicity in dogs treated with AR-H047108, an imidazopyridine proton pump inhibitor
- 2008
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Ingår i: Toxicologic pathology. - : SAGE Publications. - 1533-1601 .- 0192-6233. ; 36:5, s. 727-737
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Dogs treated with AR-H047108, an imidazopyridine potassium competitive acid blocker (P-CAB), developed clinical signs of hepatic dysfunction as well as morphologically manifest hepatotoxicity in repeat-dose toxicity studies. An investigative one-month study was performed, with interim euthanasia after one and two weeks. A detailed histopathological and immunohistochemical characterization of the liver lesions was conducted, including markers for fibrosis, Kupffer cell activation, apoptosis, and endothelial injury. In addition, hepatic retinoid and procollagen 1α2 mRNA levels in livers of dogs treated with AR-H047108 were analyzed. The results showed an early inflammatory process in central veins and centrilobular areas, present after one week of treatment. This inflammatory reaction was paralleled by activation of stellate/Ito cells to myofibroblasts and was associated with sinusoidal and centrivenular fibrosis. The early activation of stellate cells coincided with a significant decrease in retinyl ester levels, and a significant increase in procollagen 1α2 mRNA levels, in the liver. At later time points (three and six months), there was marked sinusoidal fibrosis in centrilobular areas, as well as occlusion of central veins resulting from a combination of fibrosis and increased thickness of smooth muscle bundles in the vessel wall. The pattern of lesions suggests a veno-occlusive-disease (VOD)–like scenario, possibly linked to the imidazopyridine chemical structure of the compound facilitated by specific morphological features of the dog liver.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Dueñas, S., et al.
(författare)
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Experimental investigation of the electrical properties of atomic layer deposited hafnium-rich silicate films on n-type silicon
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Applied Physics. - : AIP Publishing. - 0021-8979 .- 1089-7550. ; 100:9, s. 094107-
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This work examines the structural and electrical properties of HfSixOy film based metal-insulator-semiconductor capacitors by means of x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, capacitance-voltage (C-V), deep level transient spectroscopy, and conductance transient (G-t) techniques. Hafnium-rich silicate films were atomic layer deposited onto HF-etched or SiO2 covered silicon. Although as-deposited samples exhibit high interfacial state and disorder-induced gap state densities, a postdeposition thermal annealing in vacuum under N2 flow for 1 min at temperatures between 600 and 730 °C clearly improves the interface quality. Marked crystallization and phase separation occurred at 800 °C, increasing the structural heterogeneity and defect density in the dielectric oxide layers.
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