| 1. |
- Wang, Anqi, et al.
(author)
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Characterizing prostate cancer risk through multi-ancestry genome-wide discovery of 187 novel risk variants
- 2023
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In: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Nature. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 55:12, s. 2065-2074
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The transferability and clinical value of genetic risk scores (GRSs) across populations remain limited due to an imbalance in genetic studies across ancestrally diverse populations. Here we conducted a multi-ancestry genome-wide association study of 156,319 prostate cancer cases and 788,443 controls of European, African, Asian and Hispanic men, reflecting a 57% increase in the number of non-European cases over previous prostate cancer genome-wide association studies. We identified 187 novel risk variants for prostate cancer, increasing the total number of risk variants to 451. An externally replicated multi-ancestry GRS was associated with risk that ranged from 1.8 (per standard deviation) in African ancestry men to 2.2 in European ancestry men. The GRS was associated with a greater risk of aggressive versus non-aggressive disease in men of African ancestry (P = 0.03). Our study presents novel prostate cancer susceptibility loci and a GRS with effective risk stratification across ancestry groups.
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| 2. |
- Xu, Heng, et al.
(author)
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Editorial: Some Thoughts on Reviewing for Information Systems Research and Other Leading Information Systems Journals
- 2023
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In: Information Systems Research. - : INFORMS. - 1526-5536 .- 1047-7047. ; 34:4, s. 1321-1338
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Peer review of research before publication is both an essential and an integral part of scientific knowledge production. For reputable journals, the peer review process distinguishes knowledge claims in journal articles from those in sources with unknown or varying veracity. The peer review process assures readers that the published work is credible (i.e., conducted in line with prescribed norms of research) and meets a certain threshold with respect to contributions and potential impact. Leading journals are perceived as such not only because the best research is submitted to them but also because of the efforts of the best reviewers and editors in evaluating and, when applicable, developing the initially submitted manuscripts1 to publishable form. The sustained quality of reviews is critical for journals such as Information Systems Research (ISR). With the number of submissions to ISR growing each year, as well as an explicit policy of encouraging and celebrating inclusive excellence (Sarker 2023), there is a need for more reviewers for the journal (and the discipline, more generally) who have the necessary expertise to evaluate submitted papers, who understand and are attuned to the norms of the different traditions and genres of work submitted, and who know how to craft reviews that ensure the review process supports effective knowledge production. In this editorial, we draw on the expertise of some of the experienced associate editors (AEs) at ISR2 who represent different research traditions to provide guidance on how ISR reviewers can contribute reviews that AEs and authors are likely to find valuable. The primary audience of this editorial is Ph.D. students and early career scholars who occasionally review for, or seek to review for, ISR and similar journals. Although experienced reviewers likely know most of what we will say in the next few pages, we are hopeful that the editorial can provide a useful recapitulation of characteristics of reviews that are appreciated by ISR editors, irrespective of the reviewers’ experience. Finally, revisiting what reviewers look for in manuscripts can prove helpful for authors submitting papers to journals such as ISR. Before proceeding, we would like to acknowledge the efforts of editors and editorial board members from various journals who have organized reviewer development workshops (e.g., Rai 2019, Whitley 2023), and reflections on the review process and effective reviews by notable scholars in our discipline (e.g., Lee 1995; Saunders 2005a, b; Straub 2009; Kohli and Straub 2011; Davison 2015; Rai 2016; Leidner et al. 2022); see Table 1. Our editorial does not seek to supplant this accumulated wisdom but seeks to add nuances to the various guidelines that have been offered in the past. We illustrate key points with examples from various research traditions.
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| 3. |
- Duan, Haiping, et al.
(author)
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Heritability of Age-Related Hearing Loss in Middle-Aged and Elderly Chinese : A Population-Based Twin Study
- 2019
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In: Ear and Hearing. - 0196-0202 .- 1538-4667. ; 40:2, s. 253-259
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: The heritability of age-related hearing loss has been studied mostly in developed countries. The authors aimed to estimate the heritability of better ear hearing level (BEHL), defined as hearing level of the better ear at a given frequency, and pure-tone averages at the middle (0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 kHz) and high (4.0, 8.0, and 12.5 kHz) frequencies among middle-aged and elderly Chinese twins, and to explore their genetic correlations.Design: This population-based twin study included 226 monozygotic and 132 dizygotic twin-pairs and 1 triplet (age range, 33 to 80 years; mean age, 51.55 years). Pure-tone air-conducted hearing thresholds in each ear were measured at the frequencies of 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0, 8.0, and 12.5 kHz with a diagnostic audiometer. Univariate and multivariate twin models were fitted to evaluate heritability and genetic correlations.Results: Our data showed a reverse J-shaped pattern of BEHLs at six frequencies by age and sex. Univariate analysis showed that the heritability of BEHLs at the frequencies between 2.0 and 12.5 kHz ranged from 47.08 to 54.20%, but the heritability at the frequencies of 0.5 and 1.0 kHz was 1.65% and 18.68%, respectively. The heritability of pure-tone average at the middle and high frequencies was 34.77% and 43.26%, respectively. Multivariate analysis showed significant genetic correlations among BEHLs at all six frequencies, with the correlation coefficients ranging from 0.48 to 0.83 at middle frequencies, and from 0.46 to 0.75 at high frequencies.Conclusions: This population-based twin study suggests that genetic factors are associated with age-related hearing loss at middle and high frequencies among middle-aged and elderly Chinese.
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| 4. |
- Zhang, Yinping, et al.
(author)
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Ten cities cross-sectional questionnaire survey of children asthma and other allergies in China
- 2013
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In: Chinese Science Bulletin. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1001-6538 .- 1861-9541. ; 58:34, s. 4182-4189
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Asthma, rhinitis and eczema (allergic or non-allergic) have increased throughout the world during the last decades, especially among children. Changes in the indoor environment are suspected to be important causes. China has experienced a dramatic change in indoor environmental exposures during the past two decades. However, such changes and their associations with children's asthma and other health aspects have not been thoroughly studied. China, Children, Homes, Health (CCHH), Phase I, was a cross-sectional questionnaire survey of 48219 children 1-8 years old in 10 Chinese cities during 2010-2012. The questionnaire includes the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) core health questions and additional questions regarding housing, life habits and outdoor environment. In health analyses, children aged 3-6 years old were included. The prevalences of doctor diagnosed asthma varied from 1.7% to 9.8% (mean 6.8%), a large increase from 0.91% in 1999 and 1.50% in 2000. The prevalence of wheeze, rhinitis and atopic eczema (last 12 months) varied from 13.9% to 23.7%, 24.0% to 50.8% and 4.8% to 15.8%, respectively. Taiyuan had the lowest prevalences of all illnesses and Shanghai the highest, except for wheezewhere the highest value was for Urumqi. We found (1) no obvious association between disease prevalences and ambient PM10 concentrations and (2) higher prevalences of disease in humid climates with hot summers and cold winters, but with no centrally heated buildings. Associations between the diseases and economic status as indexed by Gross Domestic Product (GDP) requires further study.
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