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| 2. |
- Yang, Guoliang, et al.
(författare)
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Using multi-level frontiers in DEA models to grade countries/territories
- 2016
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Ingår i: Journal of Informetrics. - : Elsevier. - 1751-1577 .- 1875-5879. ; 10:1, s. 238-253
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Several investigations to and approaches for categorizing academic journals/institutions/countries into different grades have been published in the past. To the best of our knowledge, most existing grading methods use either a weighted sum of quantitative indicators (including the case of one properly defined quantitative indicator) or quantified peer review results. Performance measurement is an important issue of concern for science and technology (S&T) management. In this paper we address this issue, leading to multi-level frontiers resulting from data envelopment analysis (DEA) models to grade selected countries/territories. We use research funding and researchers as input indicators, and take papers, citations and patents as output indicators. Our research results show that using DEA frontiers we can unite countries/territories by different grades. These grades reflect the corresponding countries' levels of performance with respect to multiple inputs and outputs. Furthermore, we use papers, citations and patents as single output (with research funding and researchers as inputs), respectively, to show country/territory grade changes. In order to increase the insight in this approach, we also incorporate a simple value judgment (that the number of citations is more important than the number of papers) as prior information into the DEA models to study the resulting changes of these Countries/Territories' performance grades.
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| 3. |
- Schubert, Torben, et al.
(författare)
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Institutional change and the optimal size of universities
- 2016
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Ingår i: Scientometrics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0138-9130 .- 1588-2861. ; 108:3, s. 1129-1153
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The last years have been characterized by tremendous institutional change in the university sector induced by far-reaching Higher Education Reforms (e.g. Bologna). Building on loose-coupling theory, we hypothesize that smaller universities were better able to adapt to the Higher Education Reforms of the recent years, triggering a decline in the optimal size of universities in the reform period. Using a 12-year panel data set on the inputs and outputs of German universities, we find a tremendous decrease in optimal university size, which is driven by the decline in the optimal scale for the provision of teaching activities. Our results also suggest this drop is also due to fact that the relatively higher administrative overheads of larger universities become an organizational liability in times of rapid institutional change.
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| 4. |
- Song, Yaoyao, et al.
(författare)
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Measuring scientific productivity in China using malmquist productivity index
- 2019
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Ingår i: Journal of Data and Information Science. - : Walter de Gruyter GmbH. - 2543-683X. ; 4:1, s. 32-59
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- This paper aims to investigate the scientific productivity of China's science system. This paper employs the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) based on Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). The results reveal that the overall efficiency of Chinese universities increased significantly from 2009 to 2016, which is mainly driven by technological progress. From the perspective of the functions of higher education, research and transfer activities perform better than the teaching activities. As an implication, the indicator selection mechanism, investigation period and the MPI model can be further extended in the future research. The results indicate that Chinese education administrative departments should take actions to guide and promote the teaching activities and formulate reasonable resource allocation regulations to reach the balanced development in Chinese universities. This paper selects 58 Chinese universities and conducts a quantified measurement during the period 2009-2016. Three main functional activities of universities (i.e. teaching, researching, and application) are innovatively categorized into different schemes, and we calculate their performance, respectively.
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| 5. |
- Wang, Shubin, et al.
(författare)
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Decreasing Zr content to improve tensile properties of non-equiatomic TiZrHfNb medium entropy alloys with transformation-induced plasticity
- 2022
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Ingår i: Materials Science & Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 0921-5093 .- 1873-4936. ; 832
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Compositional tuning of phase stability of the body-centered cubic (BCC) matrix is an effective way to improve mechanical properties of refractory medium/high entropy alloys, which are generally brittle or lack of strain hardening capability. Here, reducing Zr content in Ti(80-x)ZrxHf10Nb10 (at.%) alloys was demonstrated to destabilize the BCC phase and trigger the BCC to hexagonal close-packed (HCP) phase transformation. Two metastable Ti50Zr30Hf10Nb10 and Ti60Zr20Hf10Nb10 medium entropy alloys were designed, which exhibit superior strength-ductility combination and evident strain hardening due to the transformation induced plasticity effect.
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