| 1. |
- Kristan, Matej, et al.
(author)
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The first visual object tracking segmentation VOTS2023 challenge results
- 2023
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In: 2023 IEEE/CVF International conference on computer vision workshops (ICCVW). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9798350307443 - 9798350307450 ; , s. 1788-1810
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Visual Object Tracking Segmentation VOTS2023 challenge is the eleventh annual tracker benchmarking activity of the VOT initiative. This challenge is the first to merge short-term and long-term as well as single-target and multiple-target tracking with segmentation masks as the only target location specification. A new dataset was created; the ground truth has been withheld to prevent overfitting. New performance measures and evaluation protocols have been created along with a new toolkit and an evaluation server. Results of the presented 47 trackers indicate that modern tracking frameworks are well-suited to deal with convergence of short-term and long-term tracking and that multiple and single target tracking can be considered a single problem. A leaderboard, with participating trackers details, the source code, the datasets, and the evaluation kit are publicly available at the challenge website1
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| 2. |
- Zhang, Yiming, et al.
(author)
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A Broadband High-Gain Circularly Polarized Wide Beam Scanning Leaky-Wave Antenna
- 2020
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In: IEEE Access. - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 2169-3536. ; 8, s. 171091-171099
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A new type of broadband circularly polarized leaky-wave antenna (LWA) with high-gain based on a corrugated substrate integrated waveguide (CSIW) structure is proposed and investigated. The CSIW structure that employs open-circuit stubs to replace metallic vias has the advantages of low-cost and easy fabrication as compared to conventional substrate integrated waveguides. Each unit-cell of the proposed LWA consists of two quarter-wavelength microstrip lines and a half-mode CSIW cell with three open-circuit stubs. Two M-shaped slots etched on the half-mode CSIW cell enables the generation of circularly polarized (CP) radiation. The full LWA, which consists of thirteen matched unit-cells cascaded along the direction of propagation enables continuous backward to forward beam scanning. The properties of the CSIW structure, including impedance matching and phase constant, are analyzed by Bloch impedance and dispersion simulations and the influence of the dimensions of the open-circuit stubs on the CP LWA performance is also investigated. A protype of the proposed LWA is fabricated and characterized. The measured results indicate that the proposed CSIW LWA has a high peak gain (9.3-12.5 dBi) throughout a large beam-scanning angle range from -28 degrees to +25 degrees, and the impedance bandwidth and 3-dB axial ratio (AR) bandwidth are over 40% covering the full Ka-band.
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| 3. |
- Boudreau, Mathieu, et al.
(author)
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Repeat it without me: Crowdsourcing the T1 mapping common ground via the ISMRM reproducibility challenge
- 2024
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In: MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE. - 0740-3194 .- 1522-2594. ; 92:3, s. 1115-1127
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose T-1 mapping is a widely used quantitative MRI technique, but its tissue-specific values remain inconsistent across protocols, sites, and vendors. The ISMRM Reproducible Research and Quantitative MR study groups jointly launched a challenge to assess the reproducibility of a well-established inversion-recovery T-1 mapping technique, using acquisition details from a seminal T-1 mapping paper on a standardized phantom and in human brains. Methods The challenge used the acquisition protocol from Barral et al. (2010). Researchers collected T-1 mapping data on the ISMRM/NIST phantom and/or in human brains. Data submission, pipeline development, and analysis were conducted using open-source platforms. Intersubmission and intrasubmission comparisons were performed. Results Eighteen submissions (39 phantom and 56 human datasets) on scanners by three MRI vendors were collected at 3 T (except one, at 0.35 T). The mean coefficient of variation was 6.1% for intersubmission phantom measurements, and 2.9% for intrasubmission measurements. For humans, the intersubmission/intrasubmission coefficient of variation was 5.9/3.2% in the genu and 16/6.9% in the cortex. An interactive dashboard for data visualization was also eveloped: https://rrsg2020.dashboards.neurolibre.org. Conclusion The T-1 intersubmission variability was twice as high as the intrasubmission variability in both phantoms and human brains, indicating that the acquisition details in the original paper were insufficient to reproduce a quantitative MRI protocol. This study reports the inherent uncertainty in T-1 measures across independent research groups, bringing us one step closer to a practical clinical baseline of T-1 variations in vivo.
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| 4. |
- Eriksson, Erik, 1977, et al.
(author)
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Participation in a Swedish cervical cancer screening program among women with psychiatric diagnoses: a population-based cohort study.
- 2019
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In: BMC public health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2458. ; 19:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In Sweden, organized screening programs have significantly reduced the incidence of cervical cancer. For cancers overall, however, women with psychiatric diagnoses have lower survival rates than other women. This study explores whether women with psychiatric diagnoses participate in cervical cancer screening programs to a lesser extent than women on average, and whether there are disparities between psychiatric diagnostic groups based on grades of severity.Between 2000 and 2010, 65,292 women within screening ages of 23-60 had at least two ICD-10 (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems - Tenth Revision) codes F20*-F40* registered at visits in primary care or psychiatric care in Region Västra Götaland, Sweden. Participation in the cervical cancer screening program during 2010-2014 was compared with the general female population using logistic regression adjusted for age.Relative risk for participation (RR) for women diagnosed within psychiatric specialist care RR was 0.94 compared with the general population, adjusted for age. RR for diagnoses outside specialist care was 0.99. RR for psychoses (F20*) was 0.81.Women with less-severe psychiatric diagnoses participate in the screening program to the same extent as women overall. Women who have received psychiatric specialist care participate to a lesser extent than women overall. The lowest participation rates were found among women diagnosed with psychoses.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Ewing, Marcela, 1960, et al.
(author)
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Diagnostic profile characteristics of cancer patients with frequent consultations in primary care before diagnosis: a case control study
- 2018
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In: Family Practice. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0263-2136 .- 1460-2229. ; 35:5, s. 559-566
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background. Many patients with common cancers are late diagnosed. Objectives. Identify consultation profiles and clinical features in patients with the seven most common cancers, who had consulted a general practitioner (GP) frequently before their cancer diagnosis. Methods. A case-control study was conducted in Region Vastra Gotaland, Sweden. A total of 2570 patients, diagnosed in 2011 with prostate, breast, colorectal, lung, gynaecological and skin cancers including malignant melanoma, and 9424 controls were selected from the Swedish Cancer Register and a regional health care database. Diagnostic codes [International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision (ICD-10)] from primary care for patients with >= 4 GP consultations registered in the year before cancer diagnosis were collected. Likelihood ratios (LRs) were calculated for variables associated with the different cancers. Results. Fifty-six percent of the patients had consulted a GP four or more times in the year before cancer diagnosis. Alarm symptoms or signs represented 60% of the codes with the highest LR, but only 40% of the 10 most prevalent codes. Breast lump had the highest LR, 11.9 [95% confidence interval (CI) 8.0-17.8]; abnormalities of plasma proteins had an LR of 5.0 (95% CI 3.0-8.2) and abnormal serum enzyme levels had an LR of 4.6 (95% CI 3.6-5.9). Early clinical features associated with cancer had been registered already at the first two GP consultations. Conclusion. One out of six clinical features associated with cancer were presented by cancer patients with four or more pre-referral consultations already at the two first consultations. These early clinical features that were focal and had benign characteristics might have been missed diagnostic opportunities.
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| 7. |
- Ewing, Marcela, 1960, et al.
(author)
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Identification of patients with non-metastatic colorectal cancer in primary care: a case-control study.
- 2016
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In: The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners. - 1478-5242. ; 66:653
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer worldwide and second most common in Europe. Despite screening, it is often diagnosed at an unfavourable stage.To identify and quantify features of non-metastatic colorectal cancer in primary care to enable earlier diagnosis by GPs.A case-control study was conducted using diagnostic codes from national and regional healthcare databases in Sweden.A total of 542 patients diagnosed with non-metastatic colorectal cancer in 2011 and 2139 matched controls were selected from the Swedish Cancer Register (SCR) and a regional healthcare database respectively. All diagnostic codes (according to ICD-10) from primary care consultations registered the year before the date of cancer diagnosis (according to the SCR) were collected from the regional database. Odds ratios were calculated for variables independently associated with non-metastatic colorectal cancer using multivariable conditional logistic regressions. Positive predictive values (PPVs) of these variables were calculated, both individually and in combination with each other.Five features were associated with colorectal cancer before diagnosis: bleeding, including rectal bleeding, melaena, and gastrointestinal bleeding (PPV 3.9%, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.3 to 6.3); anaemia (PPV 1.4%, 95% CI = 1.1 to 1.8); change in bowel habit (PPV 1.1%, 95% CI = 0.9 to 1.5; abdominal pain (PPV 0.9%, 95% CI = 0.7 to 1.1); and weight loss (PPV 1.0%, 95% CI = 0.3 to 3.0); all P-value <0.05. The combination of bleeding and change in bowel habit had a PPV of 13.7% (95% CI = 2.1 to 54.4); for bleeding combined with abdominal pain this was 12.2% (95% CI = 1.8 to 51.2). A risk assessment tool for non-metastatic colorectal cancer was designed.Bleeding combined with either diarrhoea, constipation, change in bowel habit, or abdominal pain are the most powerful predictors of non-metastatic colorectal cancer and should result in prompt referral for colorectal investigation.
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| 8. |
- Ewing, Marcela, 1960, et al.
(author)
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Increased consultation frequency in primary care, a risk marker for cancer: a case-control study
- 2016
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care. - : Informa UK Limited. - 0281-3432 .- 1502-7724. ; 34:2, s. 205-212
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To identify early diagnostic profiles such as diagnostic codes and consultation patterns of cancer patients in primary care one year prior to cancer diagnosis. Design: Total population-based case–control study. Setting and subjects: 4562 cancer patients and 17,979 controls matched by age, sex, and primary care unit. Data were collected from the Swedish Cancer Register and the Regional Healthcare Database. Method: We identified cancer patients in the Västra Götaland Region of Sweden diagnosed in 2011 with prostate, breast, colorectal, lung, gynaecological, and skin cancers including malignant melanoma. We studied the symptoms and diagnoses identified by diagnostic codes during a diagnostic interval of 12 months before the cancer diagnosis. Main outcome measures: Consultation frequency, symptom density by cancer type, prevalence and odds ratios (OR) for the diagnostic codes in the cancer population as a whole. Results: The diagnostic codes with the highest OR were unspecified lump in breast, neoplasm of uncertain behaviour, and abnormal serum enzyme levels. The codes with the highest prevalence were hyperplasia of prostate, other skin changes and abdominal and pelvic pain. The frequency of diagnostic codes and consultations in primary care rose in tandem 50 days before diagnosis for breast and gynaecological cancer, 60 days for malignant melanoma and skin cancer, 80 days for prostate cancer and 100 days for colorectal and lung cancer. Conclusion: Eighty-seven percent of patients with the most common cancers consulted a general practitioner (GP) a year before their diagnosis. An increase in consultation frequency and presentation of any symptom should raise the GP’s suspicion of cancer. Key points Knowledge about the prevalence of early symptoms and other clinical signs in cancer patients in primary care remains insufficient. •Eighty-seven percent of the patients with the seven most common cancers consulted a general practitioner 12 months prior to cancer diagnosis. •Both the frequency of consultation and the number of symptoms and diseases expressed in diagnostic codes rose in tandem 50–100 days before the cancer diagnosis. •Unless it is caused by a previously known disease, an increased consultation rate for any symptom should result in a swift investigation or referral from primary care to confirm or exclude cancer.
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| 9. |
- Janeva, Slavica, et al.
(author)
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Adjuvant chemotherapy and survival in women aged 70 years and older with triple-negative breast cancer: a Swedish population-based propensity score-matched analysis
- 2020
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In: The Lancet Healthy Longevity. - 2666-7568. ; 1:3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive form of breast cancer associated with poor survival, in which adjuvant systemic treatments are limited to chemotherapy. Due to competing mortality risks and comorbidities, older patients with TNBC are often undertreated with adjuvant chemotherapy, and clinical trials on this problem are scarce, despite a growing patient population. This study aimed to assess outcomes for patients aged 70 years and older with TNBC with or without chemotherapy in a national population-based registry, to provide information that can assist in treatment decisions for these patients. Methods: In this population-based registry study, data on all patients aged 70 years and older diagnosed with primary early TNBC (larger than 5 mm in diameter and without distant metastasis) and surgically treated between Jan 1, 2009, and Dec 31, 2016, were retrieved from the Swedish National Breast Cancer Register, the Swedish Patient Register, and the Swedish Cause of Death Register. Patients with incomplete data (on oestrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, or human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status, surgical procedure in the breast, or information about chemotherapy) were excluded. A propensity score-matched (PSM) model was used to examine the outcomes of adjuvant chemotherapy on 5-year breast cancer-specific survival (BCSS) and 5-year overall survival (OS), adjusted for age, tumour size, tumour grade, nodal status, and comorbidities. Findings: Of 1130 women eligible for analysis, 368 (32·6%) received adjuvant chemotherapy, 45 (4·0%) received neoadjuvant treatment, and 717 (63·5%) did not receive chemotherapy. 5-year BCSS was significantly improved in patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy (85% [95% CI 81–89]) compared with patients who did not receive chemotherapy (68% [64–72]; p<0·0001). A similar benefit was observed in 5-year OS (79% [95% CI 75–84] vs 49% [45–53]; p<0·0001). In our PSM analysis, 5-year BCSS in patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy was 83% (95% CI 78–89), versus 73% (67–80; p=0·014) in patients not treated with chemotherapy. 5-year OS in patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy was 75% (95% CI 69–82), versus 63% (57–71; p=0·029) in patients who did not receive chemotherapy. Interpretation: In this PSM registry analysis of surgically treated female patients aged 70 years and older with TNBC without distant metastasis, we identified a significant benefit both in 5-year BCSS and 5-year OS with adjuvant chemotherapy versus no chemotherapy, which persisted when adjusting for age and comorbidities. These results underline the importance of considering adjuvant chemotherapy in older patients. Funding: Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Assar Gabrielsson Foundation.
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| 10. |
- Liu, Yuxi, et al.
(author)
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A Dual-board Substrate Integrated Waveguide for Large Phase Delay Application
- 2021
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In: 2021 PHOTONICS & ELECTROMAGNETICS RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM (PIERS 2021). - : IEEE. ; , s. 180-183
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A novel large phase-delay transmission line based on dual printed circuit boards (PCBs) for substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) is proposed. Rectangular slots and metallic vias are used to enhance the phase delay feature. The simulated results show the phase difference of the proposed phase-delayed SIW with dual PCBs is -577 degrees at the concerned frequency of 12 GHz. The phase-delay characteristic of proposed design has been analyzed through simulations compared with both micro-strip line and single-layer SIW which using the same definite physical length. The simulated results show that phase-delay performance of our design is far superior to that of the traditional microstrip or the single-layer SIW.
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