| 1. |
- Ren, Fengbo, et al.
(author)
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A Square-Root-Free Matrix Decomposition Method for Energy-Efficient Least Squares Computation on Embedded Systems
- 2014
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In: IEEE Embedded Systems Letters. - 1943-0663. ; 6:4, s. 73-76
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- QR decomposition (QRD) is used to solve least squares (LS) problems for a wide range of applications. However, traditional QR decomposition methods, such as Gram-Schmidt (GS), require high computational complexity and non-linear operations to achieve high throughput, limiting their usage on resource-limited platforms. To enable efficient LS computation on embedded systems for real-time applications, this paper presents an alternative decomposition method, called QDRD, which relaxes system requirements while maintaining the same level of performance. Specifically, QDRD eliminates both the square-root operations in the normalization step and the divisions in the subsequent backward substitution. Simulation results show that the accuracy and reliability of factorization matrices can be significantly improved by QDRD, especially when executed on precision-limited platforms. Furthermore, benchmarking results on an embedded platform show that QDRD provides constantly better energy-efficiency and higher throughput than GS-QRD in solving LS problems. Up to 4 and 6.5 times improvement in energy-efficiency and throughput respectively can be achieved for small-size problems.
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| 2. |
- Wang, Gang, et al.
(author)
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Tumour extracellular vesicles and particles induce liver metabolic dysfunction
- 2023
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In: Nature. - : NATURE PORTFOLIO. - 0028-0836 .- 1476-4687. ; 618:7964, s. 374-382
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cancer alters the function of multiple organs beyond those targeted by metastasis(1,2). Here we show that inflammation, fatty liver and dysregulated metabolism are hallmarks of systemically affected livers in mouse models and in patients with extrahepatic metastasis. We identified tumour-derived extracellular vesicles and particles (EVPs) as crucial mediators of cancer-induced hepatic reprogramming, which could be reversed by reducing tumour EVP secretion via depletion of Rab27a. All EVP subpopulations, exosomes and principally exomeres, could dysregulate hepatic function. The fatty acid cargo of tumour EVPs-particularly palmitic acid-induced secretion of tumour necrosis factor (TNF) by Kupffer cells, generating a pro-inflammatory microenvironment, suppressing fatty acid metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation, and promoting fatty liver formation. Notably, Kupffer cell ablation or TNF blockade markedly decreased tumour-induced fatty liver generation. Tumour implantation or pre-treatment with tumour EVPs diminished cytochrome P450 gene expression and attenuated drug metabolism in a TNF-dependent manner. We also observed fatty liver and decreased cytochrome P450 expression at diagnosis in tumour-free livers of patients with pancreatic cancer who later developed extrahepatic metastasis, highlighting the clinical relevance of our findings. Notably, tumour EVP education enhanced side effects of chemotherapy, including bone marrow suppression and cardiotoxicity, suggesting that metabolic reprogramming of the liver by tumour-derived EVPs may limit chemotherapy tolerance in patients with cancer. Our results reveal how tumour-derived EVPs dysregulate hepatic function and their targetable potential, alongside TNF inhibition, for preventing fatty liver formation and enhancing the efficacy of chemotherapy.
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| 3. |
- Yang, Yong, et al.
(author)
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Nickel Complex with Internal Bases as Efficient Molecular Catalyst for Photochemical H-2 Production
- 2014
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In: ChemSusChem. - : Wiley. - 1864-5631 .- 1864-564X. ; 7:10, s. 2889-2897
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A Ni complex with internal bases that contain bipyridine-derived ligands, [Ni(L)(2)(H2O)(2)](BF4)(2) ([1](BF4)(2), L=2-(2-pyridyl)-1,8-naphthyridine), and a reference complex that bears analogous bipyridine-derived ligands but without an internal base, [Ni(L)(3)](BF4)(2) ([2](BF4)(2), L=2-(2-pyridyl)quinoline), were synthesized and characterized. The electrochemical properties of these complexes were studied in CH3CN, H2O, and a mixture of EtOH/H2O. The fluorescence spectroscopic studies suggest that both dynamic and the sphere-of-action static quenching exist in the fluorescein Fl(2-)/[1](2+) and Fl(2-)/[2](2+) systems. These noble-metal-free molecular systems were studied for photocatalytic H-2 generation. Under optimal conditions, the turnover number of H-2 evolution reaches 3230 based on [1](2+), whereas [2](2+) displays only approximately one third of the turnover of [1](2+). A plausible mechanism for the catalytic H-2 generation by [1](2+) is presented based on DFT calculations.
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