| 1. |
- Ding, Mingyue, et al.
(author)
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Enhancement of conversion from bio-syngas to higher alcohols fuels over K-promoted Cu-Fe bimodal pore catalysts
- 2017
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In: Fuel processing technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0378-3820 .- 1873-7188. ; 159, s. 436-441
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A novel K-promoted Cu-Fe bimodal derived catalyst was designed to optimize the catalytic activity and higher alcohols selectivity in higher alcohols synthesis (HAS). The characterization results indicated that the Cu-Fe bimodal derived catalyst presented the bimodal pore structures. The adding of K promoter increased the BET surface area and promoted the dispersion of Cu and Fe species in the bimodal pores without destroying the bimodal structure, whereas the excessive adding of potassium resulted in easily the aggregation of bimetal active species. Incorporation of moderate K content enhanced the reduction of Cu and Fe species and promoted the formation of active bimetal species for HAS, while the bimodal derived catalyst with excessive K content restrained the reduction of bimetal particles, decreasing the catalytic activity for higher alcohols synthesis. In addition, the gradual increasing of K content in the Cu-Fe bimodal derived catalyst strengthened the interaction of K and bimetal active species, which was combined with the “confinement effect” of bimodal pore structures, shifting product distribution towards C2 + OH.
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| 2. |
- Tang, Chengcheng, et al.
(author)
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A case study on safety measures at median openings on four-lane trunk roads in China
- 2016
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper describes the safety improvements that were made to an 11km long section of Class-I highway in Hexian county in the province of Anhui (chainage K45 to chainage K56) and summarizes the results of tests used to evaluate the likely changes in risk. Class-I highways mainly function as arterial highways with high design speeds (e.g. 80km/h, 100km/h) but have at-grade intersections and access points (that is, they are not accessed controlled). They typically have two lanes in each direction with a median. Following the occurrence of two deaths and four injuries on the road section during a four month period, conditions on the road were examined, including conducting a ChinaRAP assessment, and improvements were rapidly made. The improvements included speed management, adjustment of median openings, installation of protected turn lanes and delineation. In the 12 months after the improvements were made, no fatal or serious crashes occurred. Evaluations also show that there have been reductions in speed, improvements in the ChinaRAP risk scores and good acceptance of the changes by the local community.
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| 3. |
- Zhang, Yichen, et al.
(author)
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A GPU-based computational framework that bridges neuron simulation and artificial intelligence
- 2023
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In: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Biophysically detailed multi-compartment models are powerful tools to explore computational principles of the brain and also serve as a theoretical framework to generate algorithms for artificial intelligence (AI) systems. However, the expensive computational cost severely limits the applications in both the neuroscience and AI fields. The major bottleneck during simulating detailed compartment models is the ability of a simulator to solve large systems of linear equations. Here, we present a novel Dendritic Hierarchical Scheduling (DHS) method to markedly accelerate such a process. We theoretically prove that the DHS implementation is computationally optimal and accurate. This GPU-based method performs with 2-3 orders of magnitude higher speed than that of the classic serial Hines method in the conventional CPU platform. We build a DeepDendrite framework, which integrates the DHS method and the GPU computing engine of the NEURON simulator and demonstrate applications of DeepDendrite in neuroscience tasks. We investigate how spatial patterns of spine inputs affect neuronal excitability in a detailed human pyramidal neuron model with 25,000 spines. Furthermore, we provide a brief discussion on the potential of DeepDendrite for AI, specifically highlighting its ability to enable the efficient training of biophysically detailed models in typical image classification tasks.
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| 4. |
- Hu, Han, et al.
(author)
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A case study of using iRAP model to improve non-motorised transport in Tianjin, China
- 2016
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper introduces a case study of using iRAP (International Road Assessment Programme) method to improve road safety of non-motorised transport in Tianjin, China. Based on the field survey results on the roads, the author calculated the current the star rating risks for different road users. Roads were screened by the star ratings and key road safety issues were identified. Corresponding countermeasures were selected controlled by economic indices. Number of fatal injuries and fatalities saved if the countermeasures adopted also provides the policy makers and design institute quantitatively in improving the designs and planning strategy. This is the first time that the international risk assessment model is used in China to improve non-motorised transport and it will provide experiences of risk assessment to other developing countries.
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| 5. |
- Liu, Yong, et al.
(author)
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One-Pot Catalytic Conversion of Raw Lignocellulosic Biomass into Gasoline Alkanes and Chemicals over LiTaMoO6 and Ru/C in Aqueous Phosphoric Acid
- 2015
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In: ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering. - : American Chemical Society (ACS). - 2168-0485. ; 3:8, s. 1745-1755
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Lignocellulosic biomass is a renewable feedstock that has the potential to replace the diminishing fossil fuels. Herein, we reported the simultaneous conversion of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin from raw biomass into gasoline alkanes (hexanes and pentanes) and monophenols and related hydrocarbons over layered LiTaMoO6 and Ru/C in aqueous phosphoric acid medium. Specifically, gasoline alkanes were directly yielded from the carbohydrate components, based on hemicellulose and cellulose, and the total yield could be up to 82.4%. Notably, the lignin fraction could also be transformed into monophenols, related alcohols and hydrocarbons by the one-pot reaction. It suggested that the hydrocracking of monophenol fraction could be performed in this catalytic system. The total yield of volatile products was 53% based on the lignin fraction. In this paper, the influences of phosphoric acid concentration, substrate ash and the amino acids derived from the biogenic impurities were investigated and different raw biomass substrates were tested. Furthermore, the catalysts could be reused for several runs to convert raw biomass without pretreatment.
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| 6. |
- Mohammed Taha, Hiba, et al.
(author)
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The NORMAN Suspect List Exchange (NORMAN-SLE) : facilitating European and worldwide collaboration on suspect screening in high resolution mass spectrometry
- 2022
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In: Environmental Sciences Europe. - : Springer. - 2190-4707 .- 2190-4715. ; 34:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The NORMAN Association (https://www.norman-network.com/) initiated the NORMAN Suspect List Exchange (NORMAN-SLE; https://www.norman-network.com/nds/SLE/) in 2015, following the NORMAN collaborative trial on non-target screening of environmental water samples by mass spectrometry. Since then, this exchange of information on chemicals that are expected to occur in the environment, along with the accompanying expert knowledge and references, has become a valuable knowledge base for “suspect screening” lists. The NORMAN-SLE now serves as a FAIR (Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable) chemical information resource worldwide.Results: The NORMAN-SLE contains 99 separate suspect list collections (as of May 2022) from over 70 contributors around the world, totalling over 100,000 unique substances. The substance classes include per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), pharmaceuticals, pesticides, natural toxins, high production volume substances covered under the European REACH regulation (EC: 1272/2008), priority contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) and regulatory lists from NORMAN partners. Several lists focus on transformation products (TPs) and complex features detected in the environment with various levels of provenance and structural information. Each list is available for separate download. The merged, curated collection is also available as the NORMAN Substance Database (NORMAN SusDat). Both the NORMAN-SLE and NORMAN SusDat are integrated within the NORMAN Database System (NDS). The individual NORMAN-SLE lists receive digital object identifiers (DOIs) and traceable versioning via a Zenodo community (https://zenodo.org/communities/norman-sle), with a total of > 40,000 unique views, > 50,000 unique downloads and 40 citations (May 2022). NORMAN-SLE content is progressively integrated into large open chemical databases such as PubChem (https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/) and the US EPA’s CompTox Chemicals Dashboard (https://comptox.epa.gov/dashboard/), enabling further access to these lists, along with the additional functionality and calculated properties these resources offer. PubChem has also integrated significant annotation content from the NORMAN-SLE, including a classification browser (https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/classification/#hid=101).Conclusions: The NORMAN-SLE offers a specialized service for hosting suspect screening lists of relevance for the environmental community in an open, FAIR manner that allows integration with other major chemical resources. These efforts foster the exchange of information between scientists and regulators, supporting the paradigm shift to the “one substance, one assessment” approach. New submissions are welcome via the contacts provided on the NORMAN-SLE website (https://www.norman-network.com/nds/SLE/).
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Zhang, Tiejun, et al.
(author)
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Building ChinaRAP
- 2013
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In: Proceedings of the 16th International Conference Road Safety on Four Continents. - Linköping : Statens väg- och transportforskningsinstitut.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In recent years, China has reported that as a result of systematic road safety initiatives, including those identified in the National Road Safety Action Plan, road trauma statistics have improved. One recent road safety initiative is ChinaRAP (China Road Assessment Program). The first phase of ‘Building ChinaRAP’ project was primarily designed to test the feasibility of drawing on both iRAP and RIOH expertise and knowledge for assessments in China. The project involved road surveys, recording of road infrastructure attributes, collection of supporting data (such as speeds) and risk assessments. This paper summarizes the results of the pilot assessment of one particularly high-priority road. Overall, the first phase of Building ChinaRAP found that both the iRAP model and the RIOH models produce meaning and complementary results for China. In particular, meaningful results were produced for various road classes and road user types.
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| 9. |
- Zhang, Tiejun
(author)
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China's options in Asia Pacific regionalization
- 2000
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In: b. - Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire, England : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9780333687123
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- (The book:) This volume presents various national perspectives on the process of regionalization for a more concrete understanding of its dynamics. It is dedicated to country studies from the South and explores to what extent the New Regionalism can provide solutions to the challenges of globalization faced by the region. This is the third volume in the New Regionalism Series.
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| 10. |
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