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- Kattge, Jens, et al.
(author)
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TRY plant trait database - enhanced coverage and open access
- 2020
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In: Global Change Biology. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 1354-1013 .- 1365-2486. ; 26:1, s. 119-188
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Plant traits-the morphological, anatomical, physiological, biochemical and phenological characteristics of plants-determine how plants respond to environmental factors, affect other trophic levels, and influence ecosystem properties and their benefits and detriments to people. Plant trait data thus represent the basis for a vast area of research spanning from evolutionary biology, community and functional ecology, to biodiversity conservation, ecosystem and landscape management, restoration, biogeography and earth system modelling. Since its foundation in 2007, the TRY database of plant traits has grown continuously. It now provides unprecedented data coverage under an open access data policy and is the main plant trait database used by the research community worldwide. Increasingly, the TRY database also supports new frontiers of trait-based plant research, including the identification of data gaps and the subsequent mobilization or measurement of new data. To support this development, in this article we evaluate the extent of the trait data compiled in TRY and analyse emerging patterns of data coverage and representativeness. Best species coverage is achieved for categorical traits-almost complete coverage for 'plant growth form'. However, most traits relevant for ecology and vegetation modelling are characterized by continuous intraspecific variation and trait-environmental relationships. These traits have to be measured on individual plants in their respective environment. Despite unprecedented data coverage, we observe a humbling lack of completeness and representativeness of these continuous traits in many aspects. We, therefore, conclude that reducing data gaps and biases in the TRY database remains a key challenge and requires a coordinated approach to data mobilization and trait measurements. This can only be achieved in collaboration with other initiatives.
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| 3. |
- Kehoe, Laura, et al.
(author)
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Make EU trade with Brazil sustainable
- 2019
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In: Science. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 0036-8075 .- 1095-9203. ; 364:6438, s. 341-
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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| 4. |
- Figaji, Anthony A., et al.
(author)
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Pressure autoregulation, intracranial pressure, and brain tissue oxygenation in children with severe traumatic brain injury
- 2009
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In: Journal of Neurosurgery: Pediatrics. - 1933-0715. ; 4:5, s. 420-428
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Object. Cerebral pressure autoregulation is an important neuroprotective mechanism that stabilizes cerebral blood flow when blood pressure (BP) changes In this study the authors examined the association between autoregulation and clinical factors. BR. intracranial pressure (ICP), brain tissue oxygen tension (PbtO(2)), and outcome after pediatric severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). In particular we examined how the Status 01: autoregulation influenced the effect of BP changes on ICP and PbtO(2) Methods In this prospective observational study. 52 autoregulation tests were performed in 24 patients with severe. TBI. The patients had a mean age of 6.3 +/- 3.2 years. and a postresuscitation Glasgow Coma Scale score of 6 (range 3-8). All patients underwent continuous ICP and MID, monitoring. and transcranial Doppler ultrasonography was, used to examine the autoregulatory index (ARI) based on blood flow velocity of the middle cerebral artery after increasing mean arterial pressure by 20% of the baseline value Impaired autoregulation was defined as an ARI < 0 4 and intact autoregulation as an ART >= 0 4 The relationships between autoregulation (measured as both a Continuous and dichotomous variable), outcome, and clinical and physiological variables were examined using Multiple logistic regression analysis Results. Autoregulation was impaired (ART < 0 4) in 29% of patients (7 patients). The initial Glasgow Coma Scale score was significantly associated with the ARI (p = 0.02, r = 0.32) but no other clinical factors were associated with autoregulation Status. Baseline values at the time of testing for ICP, PbtO(2), the ratio PbtO(2)/PaO2, mean arterial pressure, and middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity were similar in the patients with impaired or intact autoregulation. There was an inverse relationship between ART (continuous and dichotomous) with a chancle in ICP (continuous ARI, p 0.005, dichotomous ARI, p = 0 02): that is. ICP increased with the BP increase when ARI was low (weak autoregulation) The ART (continuous and dichotomous) was also inversely associated with a change in PbtO(2). (continuous ART. p 0.002. dichotomous ARI, p = 0 02). The PbtO(2) increased when BP was increased in most patients, even when the ARI was relatively high (stronger autoregulation). but the magnitude of this response was still associated with the ART. There was no relationship between the ART and Outcome Conclusion. These data demonstrate the influence of the strength of autoregulation on the response of ICP and MO. to BP changes and the variability of this response between individuals The findings suggest that autoregulation testing may assist clinical decision-making in pediatric severe TBI and help better define optimal BP or cerebral perfusion pressure targets for individual patients. (DOI: 10.3171/2009.6.PEDS096)
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- Graco-Roza, Caio, et al.
(author)
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Distance decay 2.0 – A global synthesis of taxonomic and functional turnover in ecological communities
- 2022
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In: Global Ecology and Biogeography. - : Wiley. - 1466-822X .- 1466-8238. ; 31:7, s. 1399-1421
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim: Understanding the variation in community composition and species abundances (i.e., beta-diversity) is at the heart of community ecology. A common approach to examine beta-diversity is to evaluate directional variation in community composition by measuring the decay in the similarity among pairs of communities along spatial or environmental distance. We provide the first global synthesis of taxonomic and functional distance decay along spatial and environmental distance by analysing 148 datasets comprising different types of organisms and environments.Location: Global.Time period: 1990 to present.Major taxa studied: From diatoms to mammals.Method: We measured the strength of the decay using ranked Mantel tests (Mantel r) and the rate of distance decay as the slope of an exponential fit using generalized linear models. We used null models to test whether functional similarity decays faster or slower than expected given the taxonomic decay along the spatial and environmental distance. We also unveiled the factors driving the rate of decay across the datasets, including latitude, spatial extent, realm and organismal features.Results: Taxonomic distance decay was stronger than functional distance decay along both spatial and environmental distance. Functional distance decay was random given the taxonomic distance decay. The rate of taxonomic and functional spatial distance decay was fastest in the datasets from mid-latitudes. Overall, datasets covering larger spatial extents showed a lower rate of decay along spatial distance but a higher rate of decay along environmental distance. Marine ecosystems had the slowest rate of decay along environmental distances.Main conclusions: In general, taxonomic distance decay is a useful tool for biogeographical research because it reflects dispersal-related factors in addition to species responses to climatic and environmental variables. Moreover, functional distance decay might be a cost-effective option for investigating community changes in heterogeneous environments.
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| 7. |
- le Roux, Peter C., et al.
(author)
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Spatial Association of Lemming Burrows with Landforms in the Swedish Subarctic Mountains : Implications for Periglacial Feature Stability
- 2011
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In: Arctic, Antarctic and Alpine research. - : Swedish Society for Anthropology and Geography. - 1523-0430 .- 1938-4246. ; 43:2, s. 223-228
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Burrowing mammals often have considerable geomorphological impacts, and their tunneling activities may decrease the stability of landforms. We document the spatial distribution of Norwegian lemming burrows in a subarctic alpine meadow to determine the preferred locations for burrow entrances and to examine the potential for burrowing to decrease the stability of periglacial landforms at the site. Burrow entrances were disproportionately common into the base and sides of landforms (>68% of burrows), probably reflecting the lower energetic cost of moving soil horizontally, rather than vertically, out of burrows. Most burrow entrances (>60%) were also located under large rocks, which probably improve burrow stability by providing a firm ceiling to the entrance. Field observations show that these burrows are relatively stable, as only 3% were associated with any signs of increased erosion or landform instability. Therefore, in contrast to some previous studies, and despite burrowing being concentrated on landforms, we suggest that these rodents have little direct impact on landform integrity at this site.
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