| 1. |
- Erni, W., et al.
(author)
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Technical design report for the PANDA (AntiProton Annihilations at Darmstadt) Straw Tube Tracker
- 2013
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In: European Physical Journal A. Hadrons and Nuclei. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 49:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This document describes the technical layout and the expected performance of the Straw Tube Tracker (STT), the main tracking detector of the PANDA target spectrometer. The STT encloses a Micro-Vertex-Detector (MVD) for the inner tracking and is followed in beam direction by a set of GEM stations. The tasks of the STT are the measurement of the particle momentum from the reconstructed trajectory and the measurement of the specific energy loss for a particle identification. Dedicated simulations with full analysis studies of certain proton-antiproton reactions, identified as being benchmark tests for the whole PANDA scientific program, have been performed to test the STT layout and performance. The results are presented, and the time lines to construct the STT are described.
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| 2. |
- Singh, B. P., et al.
(author)
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Experimental access to Transition Distribution Amplitudes with the PANDA experiment at FAIR
- 2015
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In: European Physical Journal A. Hadrons and Nuclei. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-6001 .- 1434-601X. ; 51:8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Baryon-to-meson Transition Distribution Amplitudes (TDAs) encoding valuable new information on hadron structure appear as building blocks in the collinear factorized description for several types of hard exclusive reactions. In this paper, we address the possibility of accessing nucleon-to-pion (pi N) TDAs from (p) over barp -> e(+)e(-)pi(0) reaction with the future PANDA detector at the FAIR facility. At high center-of-mass energy and high invariant mass squared of the lepton pair q(2), the amplitude of the signal channel (p) over barp -> e(+)e(-)pi(0) admits a QCD factorized description in terms of pi N TDAs and nucleon Distribution Amplitudes (DAs) in the forward aid backward kinematic regimes. Assuming the validity of this factorized description, we perform feasibility studies for measuring (p) over barp -> e(+)e(-)pi(0) with the PANDA detector. Detailed simulations on signal reconstruction efficiency as well as on rejection of the most severe background channel, i.e. (p) over barp -> pi(+)pi(-)pi(0) were performed for the center-of-mass energy squared s = 5 GeV2 and s = 10 GeV2, in the kinematic regions 3.0 < q(2) < 4.3 GeV2 and 5 < q(2) < 9 GeV2, respectively, with a neutral pion scattered in the forward or backward cone vertical bar cos theta(pi 0)vertical bar > 0.5 in the proton-antiproton center-of-mass frame. Results of the simulation show that the particle identification capabilities of the PANDA detector will allow to achieve a background rejection factor of 5 . 10(7) (1 . 10(7)) at low (high) q(2) for s = 5 GeV2, and of 1 . 10(8) (6 . 10(6)) at low (high) q(2) for s = 10 GeV2, while keeping the signal reconstruction efficiency at around 40%. At both energies, a clean lepton signal can be reconstructed with the expected statistics corresponding to 2 of integrated luminosity. The cross sections obtained from the simulations are used to show that a test of QCD collinear factorization can be done at the lowest order by measuring scaling laws and angular distributions. The future measurement of the signal channel cross section with PANDA will provide a new test of the perturbative QCD description of a novel class of hard exclusive reactions and will open the possibility of experimentally accessing pi N TDAs.
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| 3. |
- Beal, Jacob, et al.
(author)
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Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density
- 2020
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In: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
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| 4. |
- Burke, Stephen, et al.
(author)
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Mapping of domestic hot water circulation losses in buildings – results from 134 measurements
- 2020
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In: 12th Nordic Symposium on Building Physics (NSB 2020). - : EDP Sciences. ; 172
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The hot water circulation system in a building is a system which helps prevent Legionella problems whilst ensuring that tenants have access to hot water quickly. Poorly designed or implemented systems not only increase the risk to people’s health and thermal comfort, but even result in an increase in the energy needed for this system to function properly. Results from previous studies showed that the total hot water circulation system loss can be as high as 25 kWh/m2 heated floor area per year. The purpose of this project is to measure the total energy use per year of the hot water circulation system in about 200 multifamily dwellings of different ages to verify that a system loss of 4 kWh/m2, year is a realistic assumption for both newer and older/retrofitted buildings. The preliminary results from the first 134 measurements showed that the assumption of 4 kWh/m2, year is rarely fulfilled. An average energy use of more than three times this is more common, even in newer buildings. Whilst some of the total energy lost is used to heat the buildings, it is not desirable because it is an uncontrolled energy flow.
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| 5. |
- Galos, Peter, et al.
(author)
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Case report : An unusual presentation of renal hypertension after damage control surgery
- 2021
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In: International Journal of Surgery Case Reports. - : Elsevier. - 2210-2612. ; 82
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Hypertensive crisis may be a life-threatening condition to any patient and represents an even more serious condition in trauma patients following severe hemorrhage. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case were surgical drape packing induced hypertensive crisis in a trauma patient, recently resuscitated from abdominal hemorrhage. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: We argue that direct compression of the kidney by the surgical drapes induced hypersecretion of renin with a mechanism equal to Page kidney. The hypertensive crisis as well as the hyperreninemia was resolved after removing the surgical drapes, and the patient's condition returned to normal without any sequelae. CONCLUSION: We encourage considering this unusual but important complication when packing of the abdomen has been carried out, and strongly recommend ruling out renin-mediated hypertension as a cause of post-operative hypertension in such cases.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Stattin, Karl, et al.
(author)
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Inadequate prophylactic effect of low-molecular weight heparin in critically ill COVID-19 patients
- 2020
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In: Journal of critical care. - : Elsevier BV. - 0883-9441 .- 1557-8615. ; 60, s. 249-252
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate potential markers of coagulopathy and the effects of thromboprophylaxis with low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) on thromboelastography (TEG) and anti-factor Xa in critically ill COVID-19 patients.MATERIAL AND METHODS: We conducted a prospective study in 31 consecutive adult intensive care unit (ICU) patients. TEG with and without heparinase and anti-factor Xa analysis were performed. Standard thromboprophylaxis was given with dalteparin (75-100 IU/kg subcutaneously).RESULTS: Five patients (16%) had symptomatic thromboembolic events. All patients had a maximum amplitude (MA) > 65 mm and 13 (42%) had MA > 72 mm at some point during ICU stay. Anti-factor Xa activity were below the target range in 23% of the patients and above target range in 46% of patients. There was no significant correlation between dalteparin dose and anti-factor Xa activity.CONCLUSIONS: Patients with COVID-19 have hypercoagulability with high MA on TEG. The effect of LMWH on thromboembolic disease, anti-factor Xa activity and TEG was variable and could not be reliably predicted. This indicates that standard prophylactic doses of LMWH may be insufficient. Monitoring coagulation and the LMWH effect is important in patients with COVID-19 but interpreting the results in relation to risk of thromboembolic disease poses difficulties.
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| 8. |
- Svedung-Wettervik, Teodor, et al.
(author)
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Intracranial Pressure Dynamics and Cerebral Vasomotor Reactivity in Coronavirus Disease 2019 Patient With Acute Encephalitis
- 2020
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In: Critical care explorations. - 2639-8028. ; 2:8
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: We describe the intracranial pressure dynamics andcerebral vasomotor reactivity in a coronavirus disease 2019 patient with acute encephalitis treated with cerebrospinal fluid drainage and therapeutic plasma exchange.Data Sources: Coronavirus disease ICU, Uppsala University Hospital,Sweden.Study Selection: Case report.Data Extraction: Radiology, intracranial pressure, intracranial compliance (correlation between intracranial pressure amplitude and mean intracranial pressure), cerebral vasomotor reactivity (pressure reactivity index), arterial blood pressure, cerebrospinal fluid chemistry, and treatment.Data Synthesis: None.Conclusions: This is the first reported case of intracranial pressure monitoring in a patient with acute encephalitis following corona virus disease 2019. Intracranial pressure data exhibited a high incidence of plateau waves with intracranial pressure insults above 40 mm Hg that required cerebrospinal fluid drainage. Intracranial compliance was low, and pressure reactivity was intact. It is probable that the combination of low intracranial compliance and intact pressure autoregulation explain the high degree of plateau intracranial pressure waves and intracranial pressure variability.
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| 9. |
- von Seth, Magnus, et al.
(author)
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Early decreased respiratory chain capacity in resuscitated experimental sepsis is a major contributor to lactate production
- 2023
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In: Shock. - : Wolters Kluwer. - 1073-2322 .- 1540-0514. ; 60:3, s. 461-468
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Increased plasma lactate levels in patients with sepsis may be due to insufficient oxygen delivery, but mitochondrial dysfunction or accelerated glycolysis may also contribute. We studied the effect of the latter on muscle metabolism by using microdialysis in a sepsis model with sustained oxygen delivery and decreased energy consumption or mitochondrial blockade.Methods: Pigs were subjected to continuous Escherichia coli infusion (sepsis group, n = 12) or saline infusion (sham group, n = 4) for 3 h. Protocolized interventions were applied to normalize the oxygen delivery and blood pressure. Microdialysis catheters were used to monitor muscle metabolism (naïve). The same catheters were used to block the electron transport chain with cyanide or the Na+/K+-ATPase inhibitor, ouabain locally.Results: All pigs in the sepsis group had positive blood cultures and a Sequential Organ Failure Assessment score increase by at least 2, fulfilling the sepsis criteria. Plasma lactate was higher in the sepsis group than in the sham group (P < 0.001), whereas muscle glucose was lower in the sepsis group (P < 0.01). There were no changes in muscle lactate levels over time but lactate to pyruvate ratio (LPR) was elevated in the sepsis versus the sham group (P < 0.05). Muscle lactate, LPR, and glutamate levels were higher in the sepsis group than in the sham group in the cyanide catheters (P < 0.001, all comparisons) and did not normalize in the former group.Conclusions: In this experimental study on resuscitated sepsis, we observed increased aerobic metabolism and preserved mitochondrial function. Sepsis and electron transport chain inhibition led to increased LPR, suggesting a decreased mitochondrial reserve capacity in early sepsis.
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| 10. |
- von Seth, Magnus, et al.
(author)
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Effects of Tigecycline and Doxycycline on Inflammation and Hemodynamics in Porcine Endotoxemia : a Prospective, Randomized and Placebo Controlled Trial
- 2015
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In: Shock. - 1073-2322 .- 1540-0514. ; 43:6, s. 604-611
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Antibiotics might, apart from an antimicrobial effect, also exert anti-inflammatory effects. The novel antibiotic tigecycline, potentially useful in septic shock from Gram-negative multi-resistant bacteria, is structurally related to antibiotics with known anti-inflammatory properties. However, its anti-inflammatory effects have previously not been explored in vivo. Using a sterile integrative porcine sepsis model, we investigated the anti-inflammatory and circulatory effects of tigecycline in comparison to doxycycline and placebo.METHODS: Eighteen pigs were randomized to receive tigecycline 100 mg, doxycycline 200 mg or placebo and subjected to 6 h endotoxin infusion at 0.5 μg x kg x h. Markers of inflammation, nitric oxide (NO) production, vascular permeability, hemodynamics, organ dysfunction, tissue metabolism and acid-base parameters were monitored.RESULTS: Peak plasma tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-α) was lower in the doxycycline group (P=0.031) but not in the tigecycline group (P=0.86) compared to placebo with geometric mean plasma concentrations of 16, 79 and 63 ng x ml, respectively. Mean arterial pressure was higher 4-6 h in the tigecycline group with values at 6 h of 107± 9 mmHg compared to the placebo and doxycycline groups (85 ± 27 mmHg and 90 ± 32 mmHg, respectively) (P=0.025). The white blood cell and the neutrophil granulocyte counts were less reduced in the doxycycline group, but not in the tigecycline group at 4-6 h (P=0.009 and p=0.019, respectively). Other markers of inflammation, organ dysfunction, tissue metabolism and acid-base parameters were unaffected by tigecycline.CONCLUSIONS: Consistent with known anti-inflammatory properties, doxycycline yielded decreased TNF-α levels. Tigecycline did not affect cytokine levels but counteracted hypotension and hypoperfusion.
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