| 1. |
- Ahrén, Jennie C., et al.
(author)
-
We are family - parents, siblings and eating disorders : Introducing the Stockholm Youth Cohort
- 2012
-
In: European psychiatry. - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 27:S1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Eating disorders (ED) are among the leading causes of disease burden, especially in women.Objectives: The overall aim is to explore role of parental social characteristics and family composition in the development of ED in adolescent males and females.Aims: We investigated associations of parental socioeconomic position, family type, number of siblings and half-siblings and history of psychiatric disease in parents with the incidence of eating disorders at age 12–23 years.Methods: The Stockholm Youth Cohort (N = 589,114) is a database created by record-linkage for all children and adolescents, 0–17 years, resident in Stockholm County during the period 2001–2007, their parents and siblings. Hazard rations were calculated using Cox regression. Cases of ED were identified in outpatient care.Results: A total of 3251 cases of ED (2971 females and 280 males) were recorded among 249,884 study subjects. There was an increased risk of ED in both male and female offspring of parents who had a history of alcohol and drug abuse or psychiatric ill-health. Higher parental education was a risk factors in females. Increasing number of full siblings had a protective effect (fully adjusted HR 0.91, 95% CI 0.87–0.96, per sibling) while increasing number of half-siblings appeared to increase risk of eating disorders in females.Conclusions: Risk factors for ED seem to differ between females and males. While parental psychiatric health is related to risk of ED in both sexes, family socioeconomic position and relationships within family appear to be of more importance for influencing risk of ED in females.
|
|
| 2. |
- Andersch, S, et al.
(author)
-
A 15-year follow-up study of patients with panic disorder
- 2003
-
In: European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0924-9338. ; 18:8, s. 401-408
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundPanic disorder (PD) is generally regarded as a chronic condition with considerable variation in severity of symptoms.AimsTo describe the long-term outcome of naturalistically treated PD.MethodsFifty-five outpatients with PD, who participated in a placebo-controlled drug trial of the efficacy of alprazolam and imipramine 15 years ago were reassessed with the same instruments used in the original study.ResultsComplete recovery (no panic attacks and no longer on medication during the last 10 years) was seen in 18% of patients, and an additional 13% recovered but were still on medication. Fifty-one percent experienced recurrent anxiety attacks whereas 18% still met diagnostic criteria for PD. The incidence of agoraphobia decreased from 69% to 20%. Patients with agoraphobia at admission tended to have a poorer long-term outcome according to daily functioning compared with patients without agoraphobia at admission, although both groups reported improved daily functioning at follow-up. Maintenance medication was common. No benzodiazepine abuse was reported.ConclusionPD has a favourable outcome in a substantial proportion of patients. However, the illness is chronic and needs treatment. The short-term treatment given in the drug trial had no influence on the long-term outcome.
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
- Arvidsson, Hans, et al.
(author)
-
Needs and care of migrants considered as severely mentally ill : cross-sectional and longitudinal studies of a Swedish sample
- 2009
-
In: European psychiatry. - : Cambridge University Press. - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 24:8, s. 533-539
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PurposeHigher incidence of mental illnesses and less access to care is previously reported concerning migrants but few studies focus on the needs and care of migrant groups in psychiatry. The aim of this study was to compare differences in needs and care between migrant and nonmigrant groups of severely and persistently mentally ill (SMI) after the 1995 Swedish mental health care reform.MethodsIn a Swedish area, inventories were made in 2001 and 2006 of persons considered as SMI. These persons were interviewed and their needs were assessed. In a cross-sectional study in 2006, needs and care were compared between migrants and nonmigrants. In a longitudinal study, migrants and nonmigrants interviewed in both 2001 and 2006 were compared concerning the development of needs and care.ResultsThe needs of the migrant group were less taken care of. In 2006, there were more unmet needs in this group concerning accommodation, physical health, psychological distress, basic education and economy.ConclusionThe improvement of groups considered as SMI concerning functional disability and efforts of care found in the actual area did not seem to include the migrant group, at least not to the same degree.
|
|
| 7. |
- Asherson, P., et al.
(author)
-
The effects of atomoxetine on emotional control in adults with ADHD : An integrated analysis of multicenter studies
- 2015
-
In: European psychiatry. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 30:4, s. 511-520
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: To investigate the effects of atomoxetine on emotional control in adults with ADHD. Methods: We performed an integrated analysis using individual patient data pooled from three Eli Lilly-sponsored studies. An integrated analysis can be viewed as a meta-analysis of individual patient-level data, rather than study-level summary data. Results: Two populations were identified: a large sample of patients with pre-treatment baseline data (the "overall population''; n = 2846); and a subset of these patients with placebo-controlled efficacy data from baseline to 10 or 12 weeks after initiating treatment (the "placebo-controlled population''; n = 829). At baseline, in the overall population, similar to 50% of ADHD patients had BRIEF-AS (Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult Version Self-Report) Emotional control subscores between 21 and 30, compared with similar to 10% of normative subjects in the BRIEF-A manual. At endpoint, in the placebo-controlled population, atomoxetine led to a small (effect size 0.19) but significant (P = 0.013) treatment effect for emotional control. The effect size was 0.32 in patients with BRIEF-AS Emotional control scores > 20 at baseline. Improvements in emotional control correlated with improvements in the core ADHD symptoms and quality-of-life. Discussion: As deficient emotional control is associated with impaired social, educational and occupational functioning over and above that explained by core ADHD symptoms alone, improvements in emotional control may be clinically relevant. Conclusion: At baseline, adults with ADHD were more likely to have impaired emotional control than normative subjects. In the adult ADHD patients, atomoxetine treatment was associated with improvements in emotional control, as well as in core ADHD symptoms and quality-of-life.
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
- Backlund, Lena, et al.
(author)
-
Identifying predictors for good lithium response - A retrospective analysis of 100 patients with bipolar disorder using a life-charting method.
- 2009
-
In: European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0924-9338. ; 24:3, s. 171-7
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE: Our aim was to investigate bipolar patients in order to test the validity of various outcome measures and to identify prognostic predictors for pharmacological treatment. MATERIAL AND METHOD: One hundred patients were interviewed using a computerized life-charting program in a descriptive, retrospective analysis. The concept "Burden of illness" was defined as a combination of severity and duration of episodes. Response to treatment was defined as the difference in burden before and after treatment, a low burden during treatment, and freedom of episodes for at least 3 years after insertion of treatment. RESULTS: The absence of mixed episodes and a high initial burden predicted a good response measured as the difference in burden. If remission for 3 years or a low burden during lithium treatment was used, the absence of rapid cycling and of mixed episodes were the most important predictors. The severity of illness before treatment had no impact. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: We suggest the use of absolute measures of severity during treatment as the most appropriate measure of the outcome. Furthermore, our data provide corroboration that treatment with lithium ameliorates the prognosis of the illness, but that mixed episodes and rapid cycling predict a poorer response to lithium.
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
- Beezhold, J, et al.
(author)
-
Editorial: The EPA, Brexit and beyond
- 2017
-
In: European psychiatry : the journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1778-3585. ; 42, s. 27-28
-
Journal article (other academic/artistic)
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
- Bejerot, Susanne, 1955-, et al.
(author)
-
Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS), developmental regression and autism
- 2017
-
In: European psychiatry. - : Elsevier. - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 41:Suppl., s. S123-S123
-
Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Introduction: Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS) is a term used to describe a clinical picture which includes sudden onset of psychiatric symptoms and a possible autoimmune genesis. The sudden decline in neuropsychiatric functioning as well as the multiple combinations of symptoms may lead to a clinical phenotype similar to that in infantile autism (IA) with regressive features. We are conducting a study with the aim to evaluate a diagnostic test for PANS currently marketed by Moleculera Labs. All patients in Sweden who had taken the test (n = 154) were invited to the study.Objectives: The aim of the study is to characterize a subgroup of patients with IA within the PANS diagnosis study.Methods: Participants (n = 53) were examined for psychiatric and somatic symptoms and evaluated for PANS caseness by an experienced psychiatrist. Because the criteria for entering the study was having taken the diagnostic test for PANS, the participants in the study comprise a group with mixed symptoms.Results: Twelve participants had IA. Eleven of these reported a developmental regression with loss of abilities. Two of the IA patients also fulfill criteria for PANS. Eight of the IA patients had been treated with antibiotics for psychiatric symptoms and 4 reported a positive effect of this treatment. Nine of the patients had elevated test results suggesting possible PANS according to Moleculera Labs.Conclusions: Very early onset on PANS may be phenotypically similar to IA with regressive features. Further analysis of the immunological attributes of patients with autism with regressive features is warranted.
|
|
| 15. |
- Bejerot, Susanne, 1955-, et al.
(author)
-
Personality traits and smoking in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder
- 2000
-
In: European psychiatry. - Paris, France : Elsevier. - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 15:7, s. 395-401
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- As opposed to other psychiatric populations, subjects with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) smoke less than the general population. The present study aims at further investigating the relationship between smoking in OCD subjects and personality traits. Sixty-four subjects with OCD were interviewed concerning their smoking habits. Personality traits were evaluated using the Karolinska Scales of Personality, and specific obsessive-compulsive personality traits were elicited through self-report questionnaires. Non-smokers were more easily fatigued, more inclined to worry, more remorseful, less self-confident, less impulsive and became uneasy more frequently when urged to speed up, than smokers with OCD. Additionally, non-smokers fulfilled significantly more obsessive-compulsive personality disorder criteria as compared to the smokers (P < 0.001). We propose a clinical subtype of OCD related to non-smoking, psychasthenia, anxiety, and pronounced obsessive-compulsive personality disorder traits.
|
|
| 16. |
- Bendz, Hans, et al.
(author)
-
Lithium nephropathy in Sweden
- 2008
-
In: European Psychiatry. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 1778-3585 .- 0924-9338. ; 23:Suppl. 2, s. 288-288
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
- Benlloch, Jose M., et al.
(author)
-
The MINDVIEW project : First results
- 2018
-
In: European psychiatry. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 50, s. 21-27
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present the first results of the MINDVIEW project. An innovative imaging system for the human brain examination, allowing simultaneous acquisition of PET/MRI images, has been designed and constructed. It consists of a high sensitivity and high resolution PET scanner integrated in a novel, head-dedicated, radio frequency coil for a 3T MRI scanner. Preliminary measurements from the PET scanner show sensitivity 3 times higher than state-of-the-art PET systems that will allow safe repeated studies on the same patient. The achieved spatial resolution, close to 1 mm, will enable differentiation of relevant brain structures for schizophrenia. A cost-effective and simple method of radiopharmaceutical production from 11C-carbon monoxide and a mini-clean room has been demonstrated. It has been shown that 11C-raclopride has higher binding potential in a new VAAT null mutant mouse model of schizophrenia compared to wild type control animals. A significant reduction in TSPO binding has been found in gray matter in a small sample of drug-naïve, first episode psychosis patients, suggesting a reduced number or an altered function of immune cells in brain at early stage schizophrenia.
|
|
| 20. |
- Bilal, Ayesha, et al.
(author)
-
Mom2B: a study of perinatal health via smartphone application and machine learning methods
- 2022
-
In: European Psychiatry. - : Royal College of Psychiatrists. - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 65:S1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- IntroductionPeripartum depression (PPD) impacts around 12% of women globally and is a leading cause of maternal mortality. However, there are currently no accurate methods in use to identify women at high risk for depressive symptoms on an individual level. An initial study was done to assess the value of deep learning models to predict perinatal depression from women at six weeks postpartum. Clinical, demographic, and psychometric questionnaire data was obtained from the “Biology, Affect, Stress, Imaging and Cognition during Pregnancy and the Puerperium†(BASIC) cohort, collected from 2009-2018 in Uppsala, Sweden. An ensemble of artificial neural networks and decision trees-based classifiers with majority voting gave the best and balanced results, with nearly 75% accuracy. Predictive variables identified in this study were used to inform the development of the ongoing Swedish Mom2B study.ObjectivesThe aim of the Mom2be study is to use digital phenotyping data collected via the Mom2B mobile app to evaluate predictive models of the risk of perinatal depression.MethodsIn the Mom2B app, clinical, sociodemographic and psychometric information is collected through questionnaires, including the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Audio recordings are recurrently obtained upon prompts, and passive data from smartphone sensors and activity logs, reflecting social-media activity and mobility patterns. Subsequently, we will implement and evaluate advanced machine learning and deep learning models to predict the risk of PPD in the third pregnancy trimester, as well as during the early and late postpartum period, and identify variables with the strongest predictive value.ResultsAnalyses are ongoing.ConclusionsPending results.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
|
|
| 21. |
- Birgegard, A, et al.
(author)
-
Self-image and risk of suicide in eating disorders
- 2017
-
In: EUROPEAN PSYCHIATRY. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 41, s. S281-S281
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Suicide risk is increased in eating disorders (ED), and detection is key to prevention. Self-image as operationalized in the structural analysis of social behavior (SASB) model has been shown to be associated with symptoms, treatment dropout, and outcome. SASB is a circumplex organizing self-directed behaviors along affiliation (love vs. hate) and autonomy (set free vs. control) dimensions. In a recent study, SASB related to health care-detected suicide attempts in ED. Methodology in that study ensured high specificity but risked lower sensitivity in suicide variables, and with such a high-threat outcome, research is needed on additional variables related to risk.Objectives and aimsWe aimed to study associations between SASB self-image and clinician- and self-rated suicidality at presentation and predicted over 12 months in ED patients.MethodsAdult patients (n = 551) from a Swedish clinical database included 19% anorexia, 32% bulimia, 7% binge ED, and 42% other ED. We ran separate regression models for these diagnostic groups using SASB questionnaire data, also controlling for general psychiatric and ED symptoms, and in longitudinal models including baseline of each outcome.ResultsSASB alone was associated with suicidality at presentation (9–67% variance explained) and predictively over 12 months (7–29%), and in the majority of models explained additional variance beyond baseline and clinical variables. Both affiliation and autonomy related to dependent variables in diagnosis-specific patterns.ConclusionsThe findings have implications for both theory and detection tools for suicide risk, as well as suggesting intervention targets to mitigate risk in treatment based on the well-validated SASB theory.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
- Björkman, T, et al.
(author)
-
Predictors of improvement in quality of life of long-term mentally ill individuals receiving case management.
- 2002
-
In: European Psychiatry. - 1778-3585. ; 17:1, s. 33-40
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- One hundred and thirteen long-term mentally ill clients receiving case management were investigated with regard to psychosocial and clinical predictors of changes in subjective quality of life during an 18-month follow-up. Better psychosocial functioning and fewer psychiatric symptoms at baseline predicted a greater improvement in quality of life. A larger decrease in symptom severity and a greater improvement in the social network during the follow-up were identified as the most important predictors of a greater improvement in subjective quality of life. The results of the study suggest that an emphasis should be put on effective symptom management, a reduction of needs for care and social support in order to fulfill the aims of improving subjective quality of life in patients receiving case management.
|
|
| 25. |
- Bodén, Robert, 1973-, et al.
(author)
-
Electrocardiographic signs of autonomic imbalance in medicated patients with first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders : relations to first treatment discontinuation and five-year remission status
- 2012
-
In: European psychiatry. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 27:3, s. 213-218
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PURPOSE:To explore measures in electrocardiograms (ECG) influenced by autonomic balance in early schizophrenia spectrum disorders and to examine their relation to subsequent first antipsychotic pharmacotherapy discontinuation and five-year remission status.SUBJECTS AND METHODS:Twelve-lead ECGs were recorded at baseline in 58 patients with first-episode schizophrenia spectrum disorders and in 47 healthy controls of similar age. Selected ECG variables included heart rate and measures of repolarization. Pharmacotherapy data were extracted from medical records. At a five-year follow-up the patients were interviewed and assessed with the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale.RESULTS:Patients had higher heart rate and a different ST-T pattern than the controls. High T-wave amplitudes in the leads aVF and V5 and ST-elevations in V5 were associated both with higher risk of an earlier discontinuation of first antipsychotic pharmacotherapy and with non-remission five years later.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION:In this longitudinal cohort study, simple ECG measures influenced by autonomic balance in the early phase of schizophrenia spectrum disorders contained prognostic information. As this is the first report of this association and is based on a relatively small sample, the results should be interpreted with caution.
|
|
