SwePub - search: WFRF:(Barinaga Ester)

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1.	Barinaga, Ester (author) A route to commons-based democratic monies? Embedding the governance of money in traditional communal institutions 2020 In: Frontiers in Blockchain. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 2624-7852. ; 3 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The financial crisis of 2008 resulted, among other, on a popular awareness that the monetary system was not working for the interest of the many. The blockchain technology that was launched soon after offered monetary activists and entrepreneurs a tool to re-imagine, re-claim and re-organize money along a vague ideal of a commons paradigm. A wave of monetary experimentation ensued that took a most concrete form in two entrepreneurial spaces: crypto-currencies with global ambitions and local currencies based on communal democracy. Seemingly distinct on the outset, both strands share a determination to develop a monetary system that serves the many. This has led participants on both sides to reach out toward each other. The article looks at one such attempt: the Sarafu community crypto-currencies in Kenya. These currencies are embedding the creation of money in traditional community savings groups. Using Eleanor Ostrom’s framework and building on interview and ethnographic material, the article identifies the economic logic of mutualization proper of the savings groups as one that transforms private assets (one’s savings) into a financial commons for the group. To build on this logic, the Sarafu model in-the-making is embedding the production and governance of the new community cryptocurrencies in these saving groups. In that doing, Sarafu has the potential to advance a new architecture of money. However, findings suggest that the standardization and automation of the new monetary rules through smart contracts impose neoliberal ideas that slipped into the code, risking the erosion of the very communal decision-making processes that made savings groups interesting anchors of a money commons in the first place.
2.	Barinaga, Ester (author) Aboke-pesa : Scaling up a mutual credit currency. Teaching Case 2024 Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract The case presents Aboke-pesa, a local complementary currency in a poor rural area of Western Kenya.The reader gets an insight into the economic context of rural areas in the Global South, the work of introducing digital community currencies through farmers’ cooperatives, one of the most common designs of these currencies (mutual credit systems or LETS) as well as the particular challenges digital currencies encounter in rural areas of the Global South. Faced with an increase number of farmers wanting to join the currency system, the reader is then presented with the question of how to scale up such initiatives without compromising the participatory and democratic nature of their governance structures.The case ends at the moment the management team of the farmers’ cooperative has to decide on the currency’s future scaling strategy.
3.	Barinaga, Ester (author) Aboke-pesa. Teaching Note 2024 Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract A note with instructions for teaching the case with the same title.
4.	Barinaga, Ester, et al. (author) Commons-based monies for an inclusive and resilient future 2021 In: Climate Adaptation : Accounts of Resilience, Self-Sufficiency and Systems Change - Accounts of Resilience, Self-Sufficiency and Systems Change. - 9781912092123 ; , s. 301-321 Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract Where is the world really heading, and what can we do about it? This book, edited by the Arkbound Foundation, takes an unflinching look at climate change – drawing upon the latest data to analyse what the next decades hold in store. With atmospheric CO2 at unprecedented levels and insufficient action being taken to prevent a rise in temperatures above 2 degrees centigrade, we are not just looking at significant disruption but the possibility of societal collapse. For the first time ever, the magnitude of this challenge is faced head on, with avenues to truly address it presented. Case studies and models from 16 authors around the world show ways that we can build adaptation and resilience, as well as what ‘zero emissions’ really mean.
5.	Barinaga, Ester, et al. (author) Community Currencies as Means of Local Economic Empowerment 2019 Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract Community currencies have emerged as a tool for building more inclusive local economic development and governance. Grassroots organisations in Nairobi and Mombasa (Kenya) have been experimenting with this form of local monies. Communities in informal settlements in Kisumu have shown interest in intro- ducing their own community currency. Challenges remain concerning the best diffusion strategy of such grassroots monetary innovations among communities and local governments. This policy brief focuses on how to involve residents, civil society, small entrepreneurs as well as local government officers and politicians so as to increase local representation and participation in this grassroots innovation
6.	Barinaga, Ester, et al. (author) Community Currencies as Means of Local Economic Empowerment : Innovations from Mombasa and Nairobi to Kisumu, Kenya 2019 In: Swedish International Centre for Local Democracy (ICLD). ; :4 Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract Community currencies have emerged as a tool for building more inclusive local economic development and governance. Grassroots organisations in Nairobi and Mombasa (Kenya) have been experimenting with this form of local monies. Communities in informal settlements in Kisumu have shown interest in introducing their own community currency. Challenges remain concerning the best diffusion strategy of such grassroots monetary innovations among communities and local governments. This policy brief focuses on how to involve residents, civil society, small entrepreneurs as well as local government officers and politicians so as to increase local representation and participation in this grassroots innovation.
7.	Barinaga, Ester (author) 'Cultural diversity' at work : 'National culture' as a discourse organizing an international project group 2007 In: Human Relations. - : SAGE Publications. - 0018-7267 .- 1741-282X. ; 60:2, s. 315-340 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Research to date concurs in maintaining that performance of nationally homogeneous workgroups differs if compared to heterogeneous ones. Yet, results are mixed on the relationship between cultural diversity and workgroup outcomes. The article argues that cultural differences are given explanatory authority, cultural diversity acquiring a positivist status, and group members being treated as 'dopes of their culture'. An alternative approach is to conceive 'cultural diversity' and 'national culture' as discursive resources used by group members in everyday group life. The author followed an international project group for over 17 months,observing how group members discussed and made sense of what went on. Findings suggest that the way members in international project groups use the 'national/cultural' discourse plays a crucial role in the organization of the project. More specifically, results demonstrate that group members shaped and developed their international project in important ways by using the discourses on 'national culture' and 'cultural diversity' to excuse confusion and misunderstanding, to position themselves vis-à-vis the group, to justify decisions and to give the group a raison d'être. Implications are drawn concerning the need for researchers to acknowledge actors' space for choice in group-life.
8.	Barinaga, Ester, et al. (author) Culture and Identity in Organization Studies 2013 In: Management: An advanced introduction. - 9789144093284 ; , s. 231-256 Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract This chapter deals with culture and identity in management studies. An interest in culture and identity can be understood as an interest in the symbolic side of the organization that deals with meaning, interpretation, symbols and action (rather than behavior). The symbolic side of enterprise has always been present in organization studies; since the early 1980s, however, this has predominantly been understood and explored through the concepts of culture and identity. Here we will follow the chronology of how the two concepts became prominent in organization studies. That is, we are going to start with an account of the emergence of culture in organizational analysis, proceed with an account of the emergence of identity, and conclude with a summary of what we think are the main contributions of culture and identity in organization studies.
9.	Barinaga, Ester (author) ECO-Kitchen 2017 Book (peer-reviewed)abstract On starting up a social venture to increase the nutritional intake of slum children in Chennai, India.
10.	Barinaga, Ester, et al. (author) FairCoop : The global cooperative and its collaborative cryptocurrency 2019 Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract The case is about today's crypto-activists' efforts to organise a cooperative global economic system that is an alternative to the State and to market capitalism. Through the vantage point of FairCoop, the reader gets an insight on the necessary elements needed to consider when organizing an economic system for the commons: a community that produces, a market in which products can be exchanged, and an infrastructure that enables the exchange of products. Readers are then presented with some of the challenges the initiative faces as it needs to interact with the global capitalist economy around it. The case ends at the moment the cooperative needs to decide on how to relate its currency to other currencies in the crypto-market.
11.	Barinaga, Ester (author) From Evaluation to Valorising : Three Moments in the Making of Social Impact Value In: Journal of Social Entrepreneurship. - 1942-0676. Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Value creation is central to entrepreneurship. Within social entrepreneurship research, value is discussed in relation to impact assessment as either pertaining to the thing assessed or dependent on the assessor. T hese are two perspectives that are blind to the value creation effects of the impact assessment process itself. Following pragmatist developments in the sociology of valuation, the article examines social impact evaluation activities and their performative effects. Findings, based on an analysis of a nascent social venture’s efforts to assess impact, suggest that the very acts of evaluating value are implicated in enacting social and organisational value. As a result, the article calls for a shift in focus from merely social value metrics and perspectives to social valuation processes and practices. T his analytical shift helps uncover the social and political dimensions inherent in social impact assessment processes.
12.	Barinaga, Ester, et al. (author) Grassroots technological and financial innovations for an inclusive and sustainable waste management 2019 Other publication (pop. science, debate, etc.)
13.	Barinaga, Ester, et al. (author) Kenyan Community Currencies 2020 Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract The case is about grassroots monetary innovations carried out for social purposes. Through the case of the Kenyan community currencies the reader gets an insight into the social challenges these currencies aim to address, the effort that goes into designing these local monies as well as into organising the communities that use them. The reader is presented with the practical challenges faced by the various currency models. The case ends at the moment the monetary entrepreneur has to design a currency model for three new currencies in as many informal settlements in Kisumu, Kenya.
14.	Barinaga, Ester (author) Kenyan Community Currencies Roleplay 2020 Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract A game that brings to life the challenges that community currencies aim to address, its various designs and communities various responses to them.
15.	Barinaga, Ester (author) Levelling vagueness : a study of cultural diversity in an international project group 2002 Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract Imagine one Brit, one Dutch, two North Americans, one Spaniard and three Swedes setting up a joint international research project. Their areas of expertise vary: sociology, labour law and organisational theory. The scene is taking place in a hotel conference room in Uppsala. The North Americans are tired from the long trip and the jet-lag. The Spaniard arrived later than everybody, including himself, expected, due to another strike of air traffic controllers. The Dutch had to come alone. His colleague had too much work at home to be able to free himself for the four days the meeting lasts. The same goes for the Brit. As for the Swedes, all three were able to make some place in their agendas. Abundance characterises international projects in particular and human collaboration in general; that is, the immense variety of practices, behaviours and incidents that inundate life and are difficult to foresee when defining a goal, designing a plan or organising a cooperation. This leads to vagueness, because to include such a variety, the words used to describe the international project and the models/plans used to structure it must remain open and flexible. Based on an ethnography of the above described group, this dissertation illuminates how, with the help of linguistic resources, the group deals with vagueness, copes with abundance and organises an international collaboration. Within this framework, cultural differences and cultural stereotypes cease being a source of misunderstanding and conflict. Instead, they become linguistic resources to cope with vagueness and abundance.
16.	Barinaga, Ester, et al. (author) Parallel depreciating money : Mr Unterguggenberger’s prescription to the economic ills of The Great Depression 2024 In: Money Doctors Around the Globe : A Historical Perspective - A Historical Perspective. - 2364-1800 .- 2364-1797. - 9789819701346 - 9789819701339 ; , s. 283-294 Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract Michael Unterguggenberger was raised in semi-poverty, yet grew to make money for the unemployed and destitute. He had no formal education, yet lived to prove an advanced knowledge of money. Shattering economic crisis marked his life, yet he managed to accomplish what many described as an economic miracle. His monetary experiment succeeded in repairing the economic ills of the time, yet was soon banned by the highest national monetary authority. An unruled visionary – as some contemporaries described him – or a man of practical reason? John Maynard Keynes came to praise the monetary ideas that guided him; his experiment persuaded Irving Fisher of the value of such monies to get out of The Great Depression. Today his efforts inspire many local currency practitioners, and municipalities around the world are, often unknowingly, following his steps. As mayor of the little Austrian town of Wörgl, Mr. Unterguggenberger – a small man with intense eyes – productively adapted novel ideas on money to work in the midst of the monetary disorder that characterised the Europe of the 30s.
17.	Barinaga, Ester (author) Participatory urban art and workplace democracy: A conversational teaser 2023 In: Business Ethics Quarterly. - 1052-150X. ; 33:2, s. 401-407 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Building on the experiences from organising participatory urban art in the stigmatised suburbs of various Swedish cities, the article discusses the ways in which such processes democratise space and develop democratic praxis. It then points at the implications of such lessons for organising workplace democracy.
18.	Barinaga, Ester (author) Remaking money for a sustainable future : Money Commons 2024 Book (peer-reviewed)abstract Money is central to capitalism and to our many sustainability crises. Could we remake money so as to advance sustainable economies and fair societies? A growing number of scholars, politicians, and activists think we can, and they are doing it from the bottom up. This book examines how grassroots groups, municipalities and radical crypto-entrepreneurs are remaking money by designing and organising complementary currencies. It argues that in their novel ideas and governance practices lie the key to building green and inclusive economies. Engaging imaginatively with the future of money, this accessible book will appeal to anyone interested in constructing a more sustainable and just world.
19.	Barinaga, Ester (author) Sarafu : A cryptocurrency for Kenyan rural communities 2022 In: - 9781529789898 Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract In June 2019, Ruddick was considering how to embed the management of a cryptocurrency in the rural Kenyan communities that were to use it. Initially introduced as paper currencies managed by a cooperative of rural residents, moving the currency system onto the blockchain implied a change in the monetary design. The case describes communal structures that organize economic life in rural Kenya, as well as the monetary design features of the Sarafu cryptocurrency. It then invites students to consider how the cryptocurrency system could be redesigned to anchor the management of the cryptocurrency in the communities that are to benefit from it.
20.	Barinaga, Ester (author) Sardex: A digital business-to-business currency 2023 Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract The case presents Sardex, a local complementary currency in the Mediterranean island of Sardinia designed to alleviate the economic hardships brought by the economic crisis of 2008.The reader gets an insight into the economic contexts of these currencies, the functioning of one of its most common designs (mutual credit systems or LETS), as well as the work of embedding these local currencies into networks of social and economic relationships. The reader is then presented with the question of how to strengthen such initiatives through either involvement of local public agencies or development of inter-community trade. The case ends at the moment the Sardex management team has to decide on the currency's future strategy.
21.	Barinaga, Ester (author) Sardex: A digital business-to-business currency : Teaching note 2023 Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract Instructions for teaching the case with the same title.
22.	Barinaga, Ester (author) The information society : A global discourse and its local translation into regional organizational practices 2008 In: Management Practices in High-Tech Environments. - : IGI Global. - 9781599045641 ; , s. 18-41 Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract The discourse on the information society is characterised by a democratic ideal of "general access." In this chapter, we follow the transformation of such an ideal as the discourse of the information society is translated by the Swedish parliament and implemented in a high-tech region north of Stockholm. We will see that as the discourse is being implemented, it incorporates ethnic categorical boundaries that structure the region and segregates the community where it is being implemented. The main argument of the chapter is that categorical inequalities are embedded in the economic rationality/business logic that structures the discourse on the information society, resulting in socioeconomic, geographic, and technological segregation.
23.	Barinaga, Ester (author) The Miracle of Wörgl 2020 Other publication (other academic/artistic)abstract Recent attempts by several big tech companies to create their own currencies, such as Facebook's Libra, have drawn attention to monetary innovations. The case offers important insights for this debate by engaging with the wave of monetary innovation and entrepreneurship triggered by the unemployment and economic distress of the Great Depression in the 1930s. Through the vantage point of one of the most successful community currencies of the time - the currency of Wörgl in Austria - the students learn about the socio-economic challenges these currencies aimed to address, the distinct monetary designs these currencies adopted, and the kind of support they attempted to mobilize. The students explore the obstacles that monetary innovator and entrepreneur Mayor Unterguggenberger experienced. They develop a plan for a monetary design that will boost the local economy by iterating and evaluating several possible solutions.
24.	Barinaga, Ester (author) The role of digital municipal currencies in advancing a new form of progressive welfare policies : The case of the State of Rio de Janeiro 2023 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract At the onset of the pandemic, Brazil’s Federal government approved an emergency basic income to be transferred to a variety of groups that had not earlier received any of the established welfare programs. Its implementation was however riddled with challenges. With a large informal economy, many Brazilian citizens were missing from the Federal Government’s registry and, even if registered, many did not have a bank account. During a time of increased health risk, agglomerations formed at the doors of government agencies and bank offices across the country as citizens queued to register, renew their national identity cards, and start a bank account through which to receive the emergency basic income they were now eligible to. In contrast, in Maricá – a city of about 160,000 inhabitants in the State of Rio de Janeiro – the newly approved emergency basic income was not only easily implemented reaching out to 42% of its population (Freitas, 2022), it also led to the rapid registration of many informal traders, which helped the enforcement of the lockdown in the city during the pandemic crisis (Rodrigues & Neumann, 2021). The difference: Maricá paid the emergency basic income in Mumbucas – a municipal currency it had been running digitally since 2018. In Maricá, residents simply downloaded the Mumbuca app to register and claim their rightful basic income (Gonzalez et al, 2021).As the pandemic ebbs away and municipalities are confronted with increased levels of poverty and social vulnerability, in Rio de Janeiro, municipalities are following Maricá’s lead to experiment with their own municipal digital currencies to implement progressive welfare programs. The paper compares the design, governance, and management of six of these municipal currencies (those in Cabo Frío, Iguaba Grande, Saquarema, Itaboraí, Maricá and Niterói). Based on interviews with mayors, directors of social services, coordinators of digital municipal currencies, representatives of community banks, traders and beneficiaries, the paper argues that municipal currencies offer a flexible instrument to adapt public policies to the needs and priorities of each municipality. In this flexibility, we see the potential of municipal currencies as a social innovation and policy instrument to catalyze a “new municipalist” movement (Thompson, 2020). Enabling municipalities to define and pursue their own autonomous welfare policies, municipalities in Rio de Janeiro are carving a novel path for urban strategies that advance a transformative politics that is locally adapted yet transcends the local scale (Russell, 2017). With municipalities across the world facing increased socio-economic inequality, the lessons are relevant beyond Brazil.
25.	Barinaga, Ester (author) The shock of the old : How a local currency’s transition from digital to paper deepened monetary conscientization 2024 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract “Now that it doesn’t come from the phone, where is the money coming from?” asks a member of Wazee Hukumbuka during one of the farmer-cooperative’s community meetings. Silas, a local leader knowledgeable about community currencies answers swiftly. “As Wazee Hukumbuka, you are paying members for their seeds from a sort of cooperative fund. That’s where the money is coming from. It’s just that you are not aware of it.” Soon after, members excitedly discuss activities and goods to include in the rules governing the creation of their local money: waste collection and up-cycling into fertiliser, a member’s honey, the labour of plowing and weeding the land. They have become aware that how their local currency is issued shapes the social, political and material space in which they live. Building on empirical material generated through individual and group interviews as well as ethnographic participation, the article analyses the process of monetary learning ignited by the transition from digital to paper of a community currency in Aboke, rural Kenya. Inspired by Paolo Freire’s Pedagogy of the Oppressed, the article develops the concept of “monetary conscientization” as the process that expands the agency of money users. In Aboke, monetary conscientization was provoked by the transparency of old technologies, which visualised for money users how to relate to money politically as money issuers.

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