| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Behrendt, Christian-Alexander, et al.
(author)
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Editor's Choice - Recommendations for Registry Data Collection for Revascularisations of Acute Limb Ischaemia : A Delphi Consensus from the International Consortium of Vascular Registries
- 2019
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In: European Journal of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery. - : W B SAUNDERS CO LTD. - 1078-5884 .- 1532-2165. ; 57:6, s. 816-821
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To develop a minimum core data set for evaluation of acute limb ischaemia (ALI) revascularisation treatment and outcomes that would enable collaboration among international registries. Methods: A modified Delphi approach was used to achieve consensus among international multidisciplinary vascular specialists and registry members of the International Consortium of Vascular Registries (ICVR). Variables identified in the literature or suggested by the expert panel, and variables, including definitions, currently used in 15 countries in the ICVR, were assessed to define both a minimum core and an optimum data set to register ALI treatment. Clinical relevance and practicability were both assessed, and consensus was defined as >= 80% agreement among participants. Results: Of 40 invited experts, 37 completed a preliminary survey and 31 completed the two subsequent Delphi rounds via internet exchange and face to face discussions. In total, 117 different items were generated from the various registry data forms, an extensive review of the literature, and additional suggestions from the experts, for potential inclusion in the data set. Ultimately, 35 items were recommended for inclusion in the minimum core data set, including 23 core items important for all registries, and an additional 12 more specific items for registries capable of capturing more detail. These 35 items supplement previous data elements recommended for registering chronic peripheral arterial occlusive disease treatment. Conclusion: A modified Delphi study allowed 37 international vascular registry experts to achieve a consensus recommendation for a minimum core and an optimum data set for registries covering patients who undergo ALI revascularisation. Continued global harmonisation of registry infrastructure and definition of items allows international comparisons and global quality improvement. Furthermore, it can help to define and monitor standards of care and enable international research collaboration.
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| 3. |
- Caruana, Joseph, et al.
(author)
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The MUSE-Wide survey : a measurement of the Ly alpha emitting fraction among z > 3 galaxies
- 2018
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In: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966. ; 473:1, s. 30-37
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present a measurement of the fraction of Lyman α (Ly α) emitters (XLy α) amongst HST continuum-selected galaxies at 3 < z < 6 with the Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE) on the VLT. Making use of the first 24 MUSE-Wide pointings in GOODS-South, each having an integration time of 1 h, we detect 100 Ly α emitters and find XLy α ≳ 0.5 for most of the redshift range covered, with 29 per cent of the Ly α sample exhibiting rest equivalent widths (rest-EWs) ≤ 15 Å. Adopting a range of rest-EW cuts (0–75 Å), we find no evidence of a dependence of XLy α on either redshift or ultraviolet luminosity.
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| 4. |
- Herenz, Edmund Christian, et al.
(author)
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The MUSE-Wide survey : A first catalogue of 831 emission line galaxies
- 2017
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In: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 606
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present a first instalment of the MUSE-Wide survey, covering an area of 22.2 arcmin(2) (corresponding to similar to 20% of the final survey) in the CANDELS /Deep area of the Chandra Deep Field South. We use the MUSE integral field spectrograph at the ESO VLT to conduct a full-area spectroscopic mapping at a depth of 1 h exposure time per 1 arcmin(2) pointing. We searched for compact emission line objects using our newly developed LSDCat software based on a 3D matched filtering approach, followed by interactive classification and redshift measurement of the sources. Our catalogue contains 831 distinct emission line galaxies with redshifts ranging from 0.04 to 6. Roughly one third (237) of the emission line sources are Lyman alpha emitting galaxies with 3 < z < 6, only four of which had previously measured spectroscopic redshifts. At lower redshifts 351 galaxies are detected primarily by their [O i i] emission line (0.3 <= z <= 1.5), 189 by their [OIII] line (0.21 <= z <= 0.85), and 46 by their H alpha line (0.04 <= z <= 0.42). Comparing our spectroscopic redshifts to photometric redshift estimates from the literature, we find excellent agreement for z < 1.5 with a median Delta(z) of only similar to 4 x 10(-4) and an outlier rate of 6%, however a significant systematic offset of Delta(z) = 0.26 and an outlier rate of 23% for Ly alpha emitters at z > 3. Together with the catalogue we also release 1D PSF-weighted extracted spectra and small 3D datacubes centred on each of the 831 sources.
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| 5. |
- Herenz, Edmund Christian, et al.
(author)
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The MUSE-Wide Survey : A determination of the Lyman alpha emitter luminosity function at 3 < z < 6
- 2019
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In: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 621
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We investigate the Lyman alpha emitter (LAE) luminosity function (LF) within the redshift range 2.9 <= z <= 6 from the first instalment of the blind integral field spectroscopic MUSE-Wide survey. This initial part of the survey probes a region of 22.2 arcmin(2) in the CANDELS/GOODS-S field (24 MUSE pointings with 1h integrations). The dataset provided us with 237 LAEs from which we construct the LAE LF in the luminosity range 42.2 <= log L-Ly alpha[erg s(-1)] <= 43.5 within a volume of 2.3 x 10(5) Mpc(3). For the LF construction we utilise three different non-parametric estimators: the classical 1/V-max method, the C- method, and an improved binned estimator for the differential LF. All three methods deliver consistent results, with the cumulative LAE LF being Phi(log L-Ly alpha[erg s(-1)] = 43.5) similar or equal to 3 x 10(-6) Mpc(-3) and Phi(log L-Ly alpha[erg s(-1)] = 42.2) similar or equal to 2 x 10(-3) Mpc(-3) towards the bright and faint end of our survey, respectively. By employing a non-parametric statistical test, and by comparing the full sample to subsamples in redshift bins, we find no supporting evidence for an evolving LAE LF over the probed redshift and luminosity range. Using a parametric maximum-likelihood technique we determine the best-fitting Schechter function parameters alpha = -1.84(-0.41)(+0.42) and log L*[erg s(-1)] = 42.2(-0.16)(+0.22) with the corresponding normalisation log phi*[Mpc(-3)] = -2.71. However, the dynamic range in Ly alpha luminosities probed by MUSE-Wide leads to a strong degeneracy between alpha and L*. Moreover, we find that a power-law parameterisation of the LF appears to be less consistent with the data compared to the Schechter function, even so when not excluding the X-Ray identified AGN from the sample. When correcting for completeness in the LAE LF determinations, we take into account that LAEs exhibit diffuse extended low surface brightness halos. We compare the resulting LF to one obtained by applying a correction assuming compact point-like emission. We find that the standard correction underestimates the LAE LF at the faint end of our survey by a factor of 2.5. Contrasting our results to the literature we find that at log L-Ly alpha[erg s(-1)] less than or similar to 42.5 previous LAE LF determinations from narrow-band surveys appear to be affected by a similar bias.
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| 6. |
- Ingemarsdotter, Emilia, et al.
(author)
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Quantifying the Net Environmental Impact of Using IoT to Support Circular Strategies—The Case of Heavy-Duty Truck Tires in Sweden
- 2021
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In: Circular Economy and Sustainability, 2021. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2730-597X .- 2730-5988. ; 1:2, s. 613-650
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The idea of leveraging the Internet of Things (IoT) to support strategies in line with the circular economy (CE) has been gaining traction in literature. However, previous work has predominantly focused on the opportunities that these technologies can bring, and few studies have critically assessed the environmental viability of the proposed strategies. In this study, we assess the net environmental impact of IoT-enabled circular strategies in the specific case of truck tires in the Swedish context, in order to gain insight into when and how it makes environmental sense to embed IoT hardware into products to support circular strategies. We quantify (1) the potential environmental savings in the different life cycle phases made possible through access to sensor data, and (2) the environmental impact from the added technology needed to provide and process the data. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is used to evaluate the difference in impact between the current state and an ‘IoT scenario’. We find that the IoT scenario gives a 4% lower weighted life cycle impact than the current state. Through sensitivity analysis, we show that the conclusions are sensitive to assumptions made about the expected benefits of adding IoT, which depend on the technological context as well as the current and IoT-induced behavior of stakeholders along the product life cycle. The results are also sensitive to assumptions about the environmental impact of the IoT hardware components, implying that design decisions at this level can be important for ensuring a net environmental impact reduction from IoT-enabled circular strategies.
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| 7. |
- Kirchhof, Paulus, et al.
(author)
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Early and comprehensive management of atrial fibrillation : executive summary of the proceedings from the 2nd AFNET-EHRA consensus conference 'research perspectives in AF'
- 2009
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In: European Heart Journal. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 30:24, s. 2969-2977
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Atrial fibrillation (AF) causes important mortality and morbidity on a population-level. So far, we do not have the means to prevent AF or AF-related complications adequately. Therefore, over 70 experts on atrial fibrillation convened for the 2nd AFNET/EHRA consensus conference to suggest directions for research to improve management of AF patients (Appendix 1). The group defined three main areas in need for research in AF: 1. better understanding of the mechanisms of AF; 2. Improving rhythm control monitoring and management; and 3. comprehensive cardiovascular risk management in AF patients. The group put forward the hypothesis that successful therapy of AF and its associated complications will require comprehensive therapy. This applies e.g. to the "old" debate of "rate versus rhythm control", since rhythm control is generally added to underlying (continued) rate control therapy, but also to the emerging debate of "antiarrhythmic drugs versus catheter ablation", of which both may be needed in most patients to maintain sinus rhythm, but also to therapy of conditions that predispose to AF and contribute to cardiovascular complications such as stroke, cognitive decline, heart failure, and acute coronary syndromes. We call for research initiatives aiming at a better understanding of the different causes of AF and its complications, and at development and validation of mechanism-based therapies. The future of AF therapy may require a combination of management of underlying and concomitant conditions, early and comprehensive rhythm control therapy, adequate control of ventricular rate and cardiac function, and continuous therapy to prevent AF-associated complications (e.g. antithrombotic therapy). The reasons for these suggestions are detailed in this paper.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Langhorne, Peter, et al.
(author)
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Practice patterns and outcomes after stroke across countries at different economic levels (INTERSTROKE): an international observational study.
- 2018
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In: Lancet (London, England). - 1474-547X. ; 391:10134, s. 2019-2027
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Stroke disproportionately affects people in low-income and middle-income countries. Although improvements in stroke care and outcomes have been reported in high-income countries, little is known about practice and outcomes in low and middle-income countries. We aimed to compare patterns of care available and their association with patient outcomes across countries at different economic levels.We studied the patterns and effect of practice variations (ie, treatments used and access to services) among participants in the INTERSTROKE study, an international observational study that enrolled 13447 stroke patients from 142 clinical sites in 32 countries between Jan 11, 2007, and Aug 8, 2015. We supplemented patient data with a questionnaire about health-care and stroke service facilities at all participating hospitals. Using univariate and multivariate regression analyses to account for patient casemix and service clustering, we estimated the association between services available, treatments given, and patient outcomes (death or dependency) at 1 month.We obtained full information for 12342 (92%) of 13447 INTERSTROKE patients, from 108 hospitals in 28 countries; 2576 from 38 hospitals in ten high-income countries and 9766 from 70 hospitals in 18 low and middle-income countries. Patients in low-income and middle-income countries more often had severe strokes, intracerebral haemorrhage, poorer access to services, and used fewer investigations and treatments (p<0·0001) than those in high-income countries, although only differences in patient characteristics explained the poorer clinical outcomes in low and middle-income countries. However across all countries, irrespective of economic level, access to a stroke unit was associated with improved use of investigations and treatments, access to other rehabilitation services, and improved survival without severe dependency (odds ratio [OR] 1·29; 95% CI 1·14-1·44; all p<0·0001), which was independent of patient casemix characteristics and other measures of care. Use of acute antiplatelet treatment was associated with improved survival (1·39; 1·12-1·72) irrespective of other patient and service characteristics.Evidence-based treatments, diagnostics, and stroke units were less commonly available or used in low and middle-income countries. Access to stroke units and appropriate use of antiplatelet treatment were associated with improved recovery. Improved care and facilities in low-income and middle-income countries are essential to improve outcomes.Chest, Heart and Stroke Scotland.
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| 10. |
- O'Donnell, Martin J, et al.
(author)
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Association of Lipids, Lipoproteins, and Apolipoproteins with Stroke Subtypes in an International Case Control Study (INTERSTROKE).
- 2022
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In: Journal of stroke. - : Korean Stroke Society. - 2287-6391 .- 2287-6405. ; 24:2, s. 224-235
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The association of dyslipidemia with stroke has been inconsistent, which may be due to differing associations within etiological stroke subtypes. We sought to determine the association of lipoproteins and apolipoproteins within stroke subtypes.Standardized incident case-control STROKE study in 32 countries. Cases were patients with acute hospitalized first stroke, and matched by age, sex and site to controls. Concentrations of total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1), and apoB were measured. Non-HDL-C was calculated. We estimated multivariable odds ratio (OR) and population attributable risk percentage (PAR%). Outcome measures were all stroke, ischemic stroke (and subtypes), and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).Our analysis included 11,898 matched case-control pairs; 77.3% with ischemic stroke and 22.7% with ICH. Increasing apoB (OR, 1.10; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06 to 1.14 per standard deviation [SD]) and LDL-C (OR, 1.06; 95% CI, 1.02 to 1.10 per SD) were associated with an increase in risk of ischemic stroke, but a reduced risk of ICH. Increased apoB was significantly associated with large vessel stroke (PAR 13.4%; 95% CI, 5.6 to 28.4) and stroke of undetermined cause. Higher HDL-C (OR, 0.75; 95% CI, 0.72 to 0.78 per SD) and apoA1 (OR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.61 to 0.66 per SD) were associated with ischemic stroke (and subtypes). While increasing HDL-C was associated with an increased risk of ICH (OR, 1.20; 95% CI, 1.14 to 1.27 per SD), apoA1 was associated with a reduced risk (OR, 0.80; 95% CI, 0.75 to 0.85 per SD). ApoB/A1 (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.32 to 1.44 per SD) had a stronger magnitude of association than the ratio of LDL-C/HDL-C (OR, 1.26; 95% CI, 1.21 to 1.31 per SD) with ischemic stroke (P<0.0001).The pattern and magnitude of association of lipoproteins and apolipoproteins with stroke varies by etiological stroke subtype. While the directions of association for LDL, HDL, and apoB were opposing for ischemic stroke and ICH, apoA1 was associated with a reduction in both ischemic stroke and ICH. The ratio of apoB/A1 was the best lipid predictor of ischemic stroke risk.
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| 11. |
- Urrutia, T., et al.
(author)
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The MUSE-Wide Survey : survey description and first data release
- 2019
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In: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 624
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We present the MUSE-Wide survey, a blind, 3D spectroscopic survey in the CANDELS/GOODS-S and CANDELS/COSMOS regions. The final survey will cover 100 x 1 arcmin(2) MUSE fields. Each MUSE-Wide pointing has a depth of one hour and hence targets more extreme and more luminous objects over ten times the area of the MUSE-Deep fields. The legacy value of MUSE-Wide lies in providing spectroscopy of everything without photometric pre-selection. We describe the data reduction, post-processing and PSF characterization of the first 44 CANDELS /GOODS-S MUSE-Wide pointings released with this publication. Using a 3D matched filtering approach we detect 1602 emission line sources, including 479 Lyman-alpha (Ly alpha) emitting galaxies with redshifts 2.9 less than or similar to z less than or similar to 6.3. We cross-matched the emission line sources to existing photometric catalogs, finding almost complete agreement in redshifts (photometric and spectroscopic) and stellar masses for our low redshift (z < 1.5) emitters. At high redshift, we only find similar to 55% matches to photometric catalogs. We encounter a higher outlier rate and a systematic offset of Delta z similar or equal to 0.2 when comparing our MUSE redshifts with photometric redshifts from the literature. Cross-matching the emission line sources with X-ray catalogs from the Chandra Deep Field South, we find 127 matches, mostly in agreement with the literature redshifts, including ten objects with no prior spectroscopic identification. Stacking X-ray images centered on our Ly alpha emitters yields no signal; the Ly alpha population is not dominated by even low luminosity AGN. Other cross-matches of our emission-line catalog to radio and submillimeter data, yielded far lower numbers of matches, most of which already were covered by the X-ray catalog. A total of 9205 photometrically selected objects from the CANDELS survey lie in the MUSE-Wide footprint, of which we provide optimally extracted 1D spectra. We are able to determine the spectroscopic redshift of 98% of 772 photometrically selected galaxies brighter than 24th F775W magnitude. All the data in the first data release - datacubes, catalogs, extracted spectra, maps - are available on the MUSE-Wide data release webpage.
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| 12. |
- Verhamme, A., et al.
(author)
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Recovering the systemic redshift of galaxies from their Lyman alpha line profile
- 2018
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In: Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0035-8711 .- 1365-2966 .- 1745-3925 .- 1745-3933. ; 478:1, s. L60-L65
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Lyman alpha (Ly alpha) line of Hydrogen is a prominent feature in the spectra of star-forming galaxies, usually redshifted by a few hundreds of km s(-1) compared to the systemic redshift. This large offset hampers follow-up surveys, galaxy pair statistics, and correlations with quasar absorption lines when only Ly alpha is available. We propose diagnostics that can be used to recover the systemic redshift directly from the properties of the Ly alpha line profile. We use spectroscopic observations of Ly alpha emitters for which a precise measurement of the systemic redshift is available. Our sample contains 13 sources detected between z approximate to 3 and z approximate to 6 as part of various multi-unit spectroscopic explorer guaranteed time observations. We also include a compilation of spectroscopic Ly alpha data from the literature spanning a wide redshift range (z approximate to 0-8). First, restricting our analysis to double-peaked Ly alpha spectra, we find a tight correlation between the velocity offset of the red peak with respect to the systemic redshift, V-peak(red), and the separation of the peaks. Secondly, we find a correlation between V-peak(red) and the full width at half-maximum of the Ly alpha line. Fitting formulas to estimate systemic redshifts of galaxies with an accuracy of <= 100 km s(-1), when only the Ly alpha emission line is available, are given for the two methods.
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| 13. |
- Wang, Xingyu, et al.
(author)
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Tobacco use and risk of acute stroke in 32 countries in the INTERSTROKE study: a case–control study
- 2024
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In: eClinicalMedicine. - 2589-5370. ; 70
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Smoking is a major risk factor for the global burden of stroke. We have previously reported a global population attributable risk (PAR) of stroke of 12.4% associated with current smoking. In this study we aimed to explore the association of current tobacco use with different types of tobacco exposure and environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure on the risk of stroke and stroke subtypes, and by regions and country income levels. Methods: The INTERSTROKE study is a case–control study of acute first stroke and was undertaken with 13,462 stroke cases and 13,488 controls recruited between January 11, 2007 and August 8, 2015 in 32 countries worldwide. Association of risk of tobacco use and ETS exposure were analysed with overall stroke, ischemic and intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), and with TOAST etiological stroke subtypes (large vessel, small vessel, cardioembolism, and undetermined). Findings: Current smoking was associated with an increased risk of all stroke (odds ratio [OR] 1.64, 95% CI 1.46–1.84), and had a stronger association with ischemic stroke (OR 1.85, 95% CI 1.61–2.11) than ICH (OR 1.19 95% CI 1.00–1.41). The OR and PAR of stroke among current smokers varied significantly between regions and income levels with high income countries (HIC) having the highest odds (OR 3.02 95% CI 2.24–4.10) and PAR (18.6%, 15.1–22.8%). Among etiological subtypes of ischemic stroke, the strongest association of current smoking was seen for large vessel stroke (OR 2.16, 95% CI 1.63–2.87) and undetermined cause (OR 1.97, 95% CI 1.55–2.50). Both filtered (OR 1.73, 95% CI 1.50–1.99) and non-filtered (OR 2.59, 95% CI 1.79–3.77) cigarettes were associated with stroke risk. ETS exposure increased the risk of stroke in a dose-dependent manner, exposure for more than 10 h per week increased risk for all stroke (OR 1.95, 95% CI 1.69–2.27), ischemic stroke (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.59–2.24) and ICH (OR 2.00, 95% CI 1.60–2.50). Interpretation: There are significant variations in the magnitude of risk and PAR of stroke according to the types of tobacco used, active and ETS exposure, and countries with different income levels. Specific strategies to discourage tobacco use by any form and to build a smoke free environment should be implemented to ease the global burden of stroke. Funding: The Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, Canadian Stroke Network, Swedish Research Council, Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation, The Health & Medical Care Committee of the Regional Executive Board, Region Västra Götaland, and through unrestricted grants from several pharmaceutical companies with major contributions from Astra Zeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim (Canada), Pfizer (Canada), MERCK, Sharp and Dohme, Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation, UK Chest, and UK Heart and Stroke.
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