| 1. |
- Frisk, U., et al.
(author)
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The Odin satellite - I. Radiometer design and test
- 2003
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In: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 402:3, s. L27-L34
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Sub-millimetre and Millimetre Radiometer (SMR) is the main instrument on the Swedish, Canadian, Finnish and French spacecraft Odin. It consists of a 1.1 metre diameter telescope with four tuneable heterodyne receivers covering the ranges 486-504 GHz and 541-581 GHz, and one fixed at 118.75 GHz together with backends that provide spectral resolution from 150 kHz to 1 MHz. This Letter describes the Odin radiometer, its operation and performance with the data processing and calibration described in Paper II.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Larsson, Bengt, et al.
(author)
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Molecular oxygen in the rho Ophiuchi cloud
- 2007
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In: Astronomy & Astrophysics. - : EDP Sciences. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 466:3, s. 5-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Context: Molecular oxygen, O2, has been expected historically to be an abundant component of the chemical species in molecular clouds and, as such, an important coolant of the dense interstellar medium. However, a number of attempts from both ground and from space have failed to detect O2 emission.Aims: The work described here uses heterodyne spectroscopy from space to search for molecular oxygen in the interstellar medium. Methods: The Odin satellite carries a 1.1 m sub-millimeter dish and a dedicated 119 GHz receiver for the ground state line of O2. Starting in 2002, the star forming molecular cloud core ρ Oph A was observed with Odin for 34 days during several observing runs.Results: We detect a spectral line at v_LSR =+3.5 km s-1 with Δ v_FWHM=1.5 km s-1, parameters which are also common to other species associated with ρ Oph A. This feature is identified as the O2 (NJ = 11 - 1_0) transition at 118 750.343 MHz.Conclusions: The abundance of molecular oxygen, relative to H{2} , is 5 × 10-8 averaged over the Odin beam. This abundance is consistently lower than previously reported upper limits.Based on observations with Odin, a Swedish-led satellite project funded jointly by the Swedish National Space Board (SNSB), the Canadian Space Agency (CSA), the National Technology Agency of Finland (Tekes) and Centre National d'Étude Spatiale (CNES). The Swedish Space Corporation has been the industrial prime contractor and also is operating the satellite. Appendix A is only available in electronic form at http://www.aanda.org
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Svante, et al.
(author)
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Differences in managerial behavior between small international and non-international firms
- 2011
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In: Journal of International Entrepreneurship. - : Kluwer Academic Publishers. - 1570-7385 .- 1573-7349. ; 9:3, s. 233-258
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The main question raised in this article is whether there are any differences between the work activities of managers in small firms primarily operating on an international market and those managing firms doing business on a domestic market. If so, what are these differences, and what do they tell us about the internationalization of small firms? The comparative method used here is based on multiple approaches including interviews, diary studies, and direct observations. The conclusions indicate that managers in small international firms are more proactive in their networking behavior, delegate operative activities and devote more time to planned strategic activities connected with their international expansion than managers in other small firms.
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| 5. |
- Florén, Carl-Robert, 1988, et al.
(author)
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Modelling complete methane oxidation over palladium oxide in a porous catalyst using first-principles surface kinetics
- 2018
-
In: Catalysis Science and Technology. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2044-4753 .- 2044-4761. ; 8:2, s. 508-520
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A comprehensive model is developed for complete methane oxidation over supported palladium. The model is based on first-principles microkinetics and accounts for mass and heat transport in a porous catalytic layer. The turnover frequency (TOF) is simulated for wet exhaust gas compositions, exploring the effects of temperature and total pressure on the TOF. Three different temperature regimes are identified each with different dependency on the total pressure. The regimes originate from temperature and pressure dependent coverages of carbon dioxide and water, which are the most abundant surface species hindering methane dissociation at low temperatures. The TOF is controlled by surface kinetics below 400 °C whereas above 500 °C and up to 8 atm, internal mass transport is controlling. A combination of kinetics, external and internal mass transport controls the TOF at other reaction conditions. The physically meaningful model paves the way for extrapolation and optimization of catalyst design parameters for high catalytic efficiency.
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| 6. |
- Florén, Carl-Robert, 1988, et al.
(author)
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Multiscale reactor modelling of total pressure effects on complete methane oxidation over Pd/Al2O3
- 2019
-
In: Catalysis Science and Technology. - : Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC). - 2044-4753 .- 2044-4761. ; 9:12, s. 3055-3065
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A two-dimensional multiscale model is developed for complete methane oxidation in a continuous flow reactor. The model considers mass and heat transfer for a porous alumina supported palladium catalyst coated on a ceramic monolith substrate and the surface kinetics are described by a first-principles microkinetic model for complete methane oxidation over PdO(101). The temperature dependent conversion for a synthetic exhaust gas composition shows a delayed ignition but a higher conversion at elevated temperatures when the total pressure is increased from 1 to 10 atm. The simulations reveal a temperature and total pressure dependent operating point where the methane conversion is maximized. Analysis of the kinetics shows that the reaction is suppressed by bicarbonates, hydroxyl species and water originating from adsorbed carbon dioxide and water from the gas phase. The reaction order with respect to water and carbon dioxide at 1 atm is -0.94 and -0.99, respectively, and decreases with increasing total pressure. The developed model paves the way for exploring how design parameters and reaction conditions influence the complete methane oxidation reaction.
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| 7. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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A framework for raw materials management in process industries
- 2013
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Firms in the process industries manipulate materials properties to produce upgraded raw materials for applications and products upstream in a supply chain. About 25% of the most research intensive firms in the world belong to the process industries, so proper management of raw materials is a key concern for many firms. This article explores the concept of “raw materials management”. By studying the current world leader in powder metallurgy, the Höganäs Corporation, the article describes the external and internal factors impacting how raw materials are managed, and how raw material issues affect different aspects of firm performance. Managerial implications are presented elaborating three key-areas that firms should deal with when developing a strategic approach to raw materials management.
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| 8. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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Critical success factors in early new product development : a review and a conceptual model
- 2018
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In: The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal. - New York : Springer-Verlag New York. - 1554-7191 .- 1555-1938. ; 14:2, s. 411-427
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The literature on the front end in the New Product Development (NPD) literature is fragmented with respect to the identification and analysis of the factors that are critical to successful product development. The article has a two-fold purpose. First, it describes, analyses, and synthesizes those factors through a literature review of the research on the front end in NPD. Second, it conceptualizes a framework that features two types of success factors: foundational success factors (common to all the firm’s projects) and project-specific success factors (appropriate for the firm’s individual projects). The article makes recommendations for the management of this important phase of product development, discusses limitations of relevant previous research, and offers suggestions for future research. The article makes a theoretical contribution with its analysis and synthesis of the reasons for success in front-end activities and a practical contribution with its conceptual framework that can be used as an analytical tool by firms and their product managers. © 2017 The Author(s)
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| 9. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-, et al.
(author)
-
Entrepreneurial orientation and human resource management : effects from HRM practices
- 2016
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In: Journal of Organizational Effectiveness. - Bingley : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 2051-6614 .- 2051-6622. ; 3:2, s. 164-180
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to explore the relationship between HRM practices and entrepreneurial orientation (EO) in large established firms. More specifically, the purpose is to add to the understanding of the influence of HRM practices on EO.Design/methodology/approachAn e-mail survey was distributed to a sample of Swedish and German manufacturing firms in high-tech and medium high-tech manufacturing industries, and firms in knowledge-intensive services sectors, with more than 250 employees. In total, 810 surveys were distributed, with a response rate of 12.7 per cent. Findings - The results show that an emphasis on entrepreneurial aspects leads to an increased EO only in the case of training and development. A conclusion therefore is that it seems difficult to recruit personnel or to use appraisal and rewards as to create EO on a firm level.Practical implicationsThe study indicates that firms aiming to increase their EO should make sure to emphasize entrepreneurial aspects during staff training and development activities. Originality/value - This empirical study paves the way towards a better understanding of the link between HRM practices and EO. The results should be of interest for both HR professionals and researchers interested in understanding this important relationship.
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| 10. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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From Preliminary Ideas to Corroborated Product Definitions : Managing the Front End of New Product Development
- 2012
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In: California Management Review. - Berkeley, Calif. : University of California Press. - 0008-1256 .- 2162-8564. ; 54:4, s. 20-43
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Front-end activities largely influence the outcomes of new product development processes, because it is here that firms create new ideas, give them direction, and set them in motion. We show that the front end can be understood as comprising three core activities: idea/concept development, idea/concept alignment, and idea/concept legitimization, which allow firms to create corroborated product definitions. The paper provides important implications for managers interested in front-end management, and devote specific attention to the differences between incremental and radical front end development and to the front end in the light of increasingly open innovation processes.
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| 11. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-, et al.
(author)
-
HRM and innovation : themes, contingencies and directions for future research
- 2014
-
In: European Journal of International Management. - Olney : InderScience Publishers. - 1751-6757 .- 1751-6765. ; 8:5, s. 570-577
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purposes of this special issue were to connect Human Resource Management (HRM) research and innovation research and to contribute towards a better understanding of how HRM can be deployed to support organisations in their innovation efforts. In this commentary, we review the results from the five articles in this special issue in general and offer suggestions for future research from these five contributions. We do this by pinpointing a number of themes, contingencies, measurement challenges and ideas on working with other research areas that might be useful in future research on the relationship between HRM and innovation.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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Managerial behavior in slow and fast growing small firms
- 2009
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The objective of the paper is to fill a gap in our understanding of what makes certain small firms grow while others do not by exploring the relation between managerial behavior and small firm growth. This has been done by direct observation of the owner‐managers in twelve small manufacturing firms (six slow‐growing and six fast‐growing). Methodologically the project draws on the extensive research that has been conducted within the area of mana‐ gerial work. We have used the method of structured observation as developed by Henry Mintzberg as the primary tool for data collection. Data consists of approximately 330 hours of observation and about 2460 activities have been observed and classified according to their primary purpose.The framework used to analyze the data comes from established conceptualizations of “ma‐ nagerial behavior”. More specifically, the two groups of managers have been compared in terms of; how the managers’ allocate their time; with whom they interact; with whom do they communicate; and the roles they shoulder in their firms.What is both striking and surprising in the empirical material is that there are only minor dif‐ ferences between the groups of growing and slow‐growing firms. These differences, however, all point in the same direction and confirm one suspicion following our observations of the two groups which is that the hectic and turbulent work situation characterizing the situation of the slow‐growing managers were not present in the growing firms. There might not seem to be such a big difference between the two groups, but trivial questions consumes much of the time for managers in slow‐growing firms which isn’t the case for managers in fast‐ growing firms. This gives the managers in fast‐growing firms more time to focus on other work than the daily operations and problems of the firm, which consumes much of the man‐ agers time in slow‐growing firms
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| 14. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-, et al.
(author)
-
Managerial behaviour in small firms : Does it matter what managers do?
- 2012
-
In: The work of managers. - Oxford : Oxford University Press. - 9780199639724 - 9780191738661 ; , s. 245-263
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This chapter examines why some small firms grow and others do not. The focus is on the relationship between managerial behaviour and small firm growth in fast- and slow-growing firms. Using Sune Carlson’s and Henry Mintzberg’s methodology, twelve top managers are observed - six from fast-growing firms and six from slow-growing firms. The results indicate there are no significant differences in the two manager groups as far as their roles, ’proactiveness’, networking behaviour, or managerial formality is concerned. It is suggested that there is a generic aspect that is common to the management at both fast- and slow-growing firms. Much of a small firm manager’s work, regardless of the pace of company growth, involves this generic, non-managerial behaviour (acting as a specialist or a substitute operator). Small firm managers should not overstate the importance of acting only ’managerially’. © Oxford University Press, 2013.
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| 15. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-, et al.
(author)
-
Managerial Work and Growth in Small Firms
- 2007
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In: The 20th SEAANZ Conference, 23rd- 26th September, 2007, Auckland, New Zealand.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)
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| 16. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-
(author)
-
Managerial work and learning in small firms
- 2005
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis deals with how managerial work sets the agenda for managerial learning in small firms. Although studies of learning in organizations are numerous, research on managerial learning in the small-firm context is limited. In particular, our knowledge of managerial learning suffers from an insufficient understanding of what top managers in small firms do. The primary purpose of this thesis is to describe how the work of small-firm managers sets the agenda for managerial learning, and how their learning can be supported. Additionally, the thesis explores the use of so-called “Action Technologies” in supporting managerial learning in small firms.Drawing on an observational study of six owner-managers in small (17-43 employees) manufacturing firms, and a synthesis of earlier studies, this thesis shows that three features of managerial work shape managerial learning in small firms: The small firm’s top manager (i) operates in context with specific structural conditions that affect his/her behavior, (ii) have certain cognitive predispositions guiding his/her behavior, and (iii) have certain behavioral preferences directing his/her behavior.The main argument in this thesis is that managerial learning in small firms is made difficult due to features that make it hard to come to a point where learning (in terms of reflection and conceptualization) is given time and resources, as the manager has trouble in finding time for learning, and as learning risks to become low-priority. Learning is also difficult due to barriers related to the learning process: the work of the manager fosters a superficial learning orientation, makes it difficult to probe deeply into and to develop complicated understandings of issues at hand, and makes peer-learning rarely possible.Drawing on an action research project of managerial learning in four networks of small-firm owner-managers, the thesis also explores, in a concrete manner, how managerial learning might be supported in a way that circumvents the deficient situation for managerial learning in this kind of firm. More specifically, it seems that Action Technologies by their design constitute a learning context that supports the learning of the small-firm top manager by dissolving the barriers to learning identified above.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-
(author)
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Managerial work in small firms : summarising what we know and sketching a research agenda
- 2006
-
In: International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research. - Yorks, UK : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 1355-2554 .- 1758-6534. ; 12:5, s. 272-288
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: The purpose of this article is to describe the basic characteristics and qualities of managerial work in small firms.Design/methodology/approach: The article draws on a summary and synthesis of five studies from the “managerial-work research tradition” that investigates the behaviour of top managers in small firms by means of direct observation. Studies are evaluated by using research on managers' jobs in general, and some needs as well as guidelines for future research on entrepreneurial and managerial work in small firms are suggested.Findings: Managerial work in small firms is described by discussing: how managers divide their time between different activities; managerial interaction and communication, and the elements of managerial work in small firms. Three limitations of existing studies are identified: they are difficult to compare; they adopt a simplistic conception of the constituents of managers' jobs, and more specifically of the relation between the managing actor and the context in which he/she works; and they fail to recognise to the value of inductive analysis.Research limitations/implications: Future studies of managerial work in small firms have much to gain by considering the development that has been taking place within general management theory and in the study of managers' jobs. This article contributes a first step towards bringing research on managers' jobs into the small-business research community.Originality/value: The paper initiates a better understanding of the basics of managerial work in small firms, which has not previously been elaborated upon and is an important step in exploring the dynamics of small business management.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-
(author)
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Organising small-firm growth
- 2011
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In: Research on Technology, Innovation and Marketing Management 2009‐2011. - Halmstad : Högskolan i Halmstad. - 9789197507516 ; , s. 117-133
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This paper summarises the results some major undertakings to explain small‐firm growth. This is achieved through an in‐depth reading of three Swedish doctoral theses written by Tomas Brytting (1991), Frederic Delmar (1996) and Johan Wiklund (1998), and a number ofrecently published articles that have addressed this issue. The purpose of this paper is todescribe what we know about “organising for small‐firm growth” on a firm level. The main result of the paper is a description of what is known about organising for small‐firm growth in accordance with four dimensions: i) the strategy of the growing firm, ii) the entrepreneur/manager in the growing firm, iii) the resources and the capabilities of the growing firm and iv) the consequences of small‐firm growth, i.e. what organisational growth brings to a small firm. The paper also includes a discussion of the limitations of the reviewed research and suggestions for future research.
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| 21. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-, et al.
(author)
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Raw materials management in iron and steelmaking firms
- 2019
-
In: Mineral Economics. - Heidelberg : Springer. - 2191-2203 .- 2191-2211. ; 32:1, s. 39-47
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper adds new knowledge on how raw materials should be managed in iron and steelmaking firms. While previous research has contributed significantly to how firms should deal with functional challenges related to raw materials, the understanding of Raw Materials Management from a holistic perspective is largely lacking, and extant research does not provide qualified advice to firms on this matter. This study provides such knowledge by drawing on insights from Höganäs AB, a world leader in ferrous powder metallurgy, and their efforts to identify key aspects and principles of raw materials management. Our elaboration of a more holistic view on raw materials management builds on two elements. First, we depict five external uncertainties and three internal conditions that impact firm-level raw materials management. Second, we present six critical capabilities that underpin proficient firm-level raw materials management. The paper concludes with a discussion of implications for both firms aiming to increase their raw materials proficiency and to future investigations into this important area.
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| 22. |
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| 23. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-, et al.
(author)
-
Survival through Business Model Innovation : A Longitudinal Case Study from the Process Industries
- 2013
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Itis widely acknowledged that the design and quality of the business model is amain building block in what constitute a successful company. In this paper, weapproach the critical question of how firms can successfully renew theirbusiness models over time. The aim is to identify the main sequences of eventsthat precede business model innovation and which trigger evolutionary changesin how a firm develops and capture value. Theoretically, we approach businessmodel innovation as an evolutionary phenomenon by emphasizing the dynamic andpath dependent aspects of strategic change processes. Empirically, we employ ahistorical case study where we make an in-depth analysis of a firm in theprocess industry that has managed to innovate its business model several timessince its inception. In all, the study identifies five main sequences of eventsrelated to customer value proposition, strategic investments, corporateidentity, corporate structure, and value networks.
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| 24. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-, et al.
(author)
-
Survival Through Business Model Innovation : A Longitudinal Case Study from the Process Industries
- 2014
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- It is widely acknowledged that the design and quality of the business model is a main building block in what constitute a successful company. In this paper, we approach the critical question of how firms can successfully renew their business models over time. The aim is to identify the main sequences of events that precede business model innovation and which trigger evolutionary changes in how a firm develops and capture value. Theoretically, we approach business model innovation as an evolutionary phenomenon by emphasizing the dynamic and path dependent aspects of strategic change processes. Empirically, we employ a historical case study where we make an in-depth analysis of a firm in the process industry that has managed to innovate its business model several times since its inception. In all, the study identifies five main sequences of events related to customer value proposition, strategic investments, corporate identity, corporate structure, and value networks.
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| 25. |
- Florén, Henrik, 1972-, et al.
(author)
-
The Business Model and Supply Strategy: What is the Connection between them?
- 2013
-
In: Proceeding of 20th International Annual EurOMA Conference, Dublin, Ireland.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An assumption of this paper is that investments in business model development are only beneficial when firms understand how to deal with both customer and supplier interdependencies. We argue that an inadequate understanding of how to align supply strategy and business model design has hampered knowledge development within business model research.We review the literatures on business models and supply strategy to identify the conceptual intersection between these interrelated areas. We synthesize the fields of supply strategy and business model research to provide to an improved understanding of firms should incorporate a supply perspective in business model design.
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