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| 2. |
- Fors, Erik, et al.
(author)
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Development of an H-TDMA for long-term unattended measurement of the hygroscopic properties of atmospheric aerosol particles
- 2009
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In: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1867-1381 .- 1867-8548. ; 2:1, s. 313-318
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A new hygroscopic tandem differential mobility analyzer (H-TDMA) has been constructed at Lund University within the frameworks of the EU FP6 Infrastructure Project EUSAAR (www.eusaar.org). The aim of this coordinated H-TDMA development is to design and evaluate a new generation of H-TDMAs that are capable of conducting long term measurements of the hygroscopic growth and state of mixing of sub-micrometer atmospheric aerosol particles at the EUSAAR aerosol super-sites across Europe. The H-TDMA constructed for this project has been validated with respect to hygroscopic growth factor, stability of relative humidity (RH), temperature stability and its ability to operate unattended for longer periods of time. When measuring growth factors of ammonium sulphate, the new H-TDMA system was found to measure within a growth factor deviation of +/- 0.05 compared to previously recorded data by Tang et al. (1994). The long term RH of the system has been found stable at 90.0% with a standard deviation of +/- 0.23% and an average temperature variability of the second DMA less than +/- 0.1 K. Daily automated ammonium sulphate measurements have validated the ambient measurements. The instrument is operated at the EMEP/EUSAAR background station Vavihill in the southern part of Sweden.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Fors, Erik, et al.
(author)
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Hygroscopic properties of Amazonian biomass burning and European background HULIS and investigation of their effects on surface tension with two models linking H-TDMA to CCNC data
- 2010
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In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1680-7324. ; 10:12, s. 5625-5639
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- HUmic-LIke Substances (HULIS) have been identified as major contributors to the organic carbon in atmospheric aerosol. The term "HULIS" is used to describe the organic material found in aerosol particles that resembles the humic organic material in rivers and sea water and in soils. In this study, two sets of filter samples from atmospheric aerosols were collected at different sites. One set of samples was collected at the K-puszta rural site in Hungary, about 80 km SE of Budapest, and a second was collected at a site in Rondonia, Amazonia, Brazil, during the Large-Scale Biosphere-Atmosphere Experiment in Amazonia - Smoke Aerosols, Clouds, Rainfall and Climate (LBA-SMOCC) biomass burning season experiment. HULIS were extracted from the samples and their hygroscopic properties were studied using a Hygroscopicity Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer (H-TDMA) at relative humidity (RH) < 100%, and a cloud condensation nucleus counter (CCNC) at RH > 100%. The H-TDMA measurements were carried out at a dry diameter of 100 nm and for RH ranging from 30 to 98%. At 90% RH the HULIS samples showed diameter growth factors between 1.04 and 1.07, reaching values of 1.4 at 98% RH. The cloud nucleating properties of the two sets of aerosol samples were analysed using two types of thermal static cloud condensation nucleus counters. Two different parameterization models were applied to investigate the potential effect of HULIS surface activity, both yielding similar results. For the K-puszta winter HULIS sample, the surface tension at the point of activation was estimated to be lowered by between 34% (47.7 mN/m) and 31% (50.3 mN/m) for dry sizes between 50 and 120 nm in comparison to pure water. A moderate lowering was also observed for the entire water soluble aerosol sample, including both organic and inorganic compounds, where the surface tension was decreased by between 2% (71.2 mN/m) and 13% (63.3 mN/m).
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| 5. |
- Fors, Erik, et al.
(author)
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Hygroscopic properties of the ambient aerosol in southern Sweden - a two year study
- 2011
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In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1680-7324. ; 11:16, s. 8343-8361
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The hygroscopic growth of the atmospheric aerosol is a critical parameter for quantifying the anthropogenic radiative forcing. Until now, there has been a lack of long term measurements due to limitations in instrumental techniques. In this work, for the first time the seasonal variation of the hygroscopic properties of a continental background aerosol has been described, based on more than two years of continuous measurements. In addition to this, the diurnal variation of the hygroscopic growth has been investigated, as well as the seasonal variation in CCN concentration. These physical properties of the aerosol have been measured with a Hygroscopic Tandem Differential Mobility Analyzer (H-TDMA), a Differential Mobility Particle Sizer (DMPS), and a Cloud Condensation Nuclei Counter (CCNC). The results show that smaller particles are generally less hygroscopic than larger ones, and that there is a clear difference in the hygroscopic properties between the Aitken and the accumulation mode. A seasonal cycle was found for all particle sizes. In general, the average hygroscopic growth is lower during wintertime, due to an increase in the relative abundance of less hygroscopic or barely hygroscopic particles. Monthly averages showed that the hygroscopic growth factors of the two dominating hygroscopic modes (one barely hygroscopic and one more hygroscopic) were relatively stable. The hygroscopic growth additionally showed a diurnal cycle, with higher growth factors during day time. CCN predictions based on H-TDMA data underpredicted the activated CCN number concentration with 7% for a 1% water supersaturation ratio. The underprediction increases with decreasing s, most likely due to a combination of measurement and modeling uncertainties. It was found that although the aerosol is often externally mixed, recalculating to an internal mixture with respect to hygroscopicity did not change the CCN concentration as a function of supersaturation significantly.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Genberg, Johan, et al.
(author)
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Source apportionment of carbonaceous aerosol in southern Sweden
- 2011
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In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1680-7316 .- 1680-7324. ; 11:22, s. 11387-11400
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A one-year study was performed at the Vavihill background station in southern Sweden to estimate the anthropogenic contribution to the carbonaceous aerosol. Weekly samples of the particulate matter PM10 were collected on quartz filters, and the amounts of organic carbon, elemental carbon, radiocarbon (14C) and levoglucosan were measured. This approach enabled source apportionment of the total carbon in the PM10 fraction using the concentration ratios of the sources. The sources considered in this study were emissions from the combustion of fossil fuels and biomass, as well as biogenic sources. During the summer, the carbonaceous aerosol mass was dominated by compounds of biogenic origin (80%), which are associated with biogenic primary and secondary organic aerosols. During the winter months, biomass combustion (32%) and fossil fuel combustion (28%) were the main contributors to the carbonaceous aerosol. Elemental carbon concentrations in winter were about twice as large as during summer, and can be attributed to biomass combustion, probably from domestic wood burning. The contribution of fossil fuels to elemental carbon was stable throughout the year, although the fossil contribution to organic carbon increased during the winter. Thus, the organic aerosol originated mainly from natural sources during the summer and from anthropogenic sources during the winter. The result of this source apportionment was compared with results from the EMEP MSC-W chemical transport model. The model and measurements were generally consistent for total atmospheric organic carbon, however, the contribution of the sources varied substantially. E.g. the biomass burning contributions of OC were underestimated by the model by a factor of 2.2 compared to the measurements.
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
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| 12. |
- Massling, A., et al.
(author)
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Results and recommendations from an intercomparison of six Hygroscopicity-TDMA systems
- 2011
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In: Atmospheric Measurement Techniques. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1867-1381 .- 1867-8548. ; 4:3, s. 485-497
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The performance of six custom-built Hygrocopicity-Tandem Differential Mobility Analyser (H-TDMA) systems was investigated in the frame of an international calibration and intercomparison workshop held in Leipzig, February 2006. The goal of the workshop was to harmonise H-TDMA measurements and develop recommendations for atmospheric measurements and their data evaluation. The H-TDMA systems were compared in terms of the sizing of dry particles, relative humidity (RH) uncertainty, and consistency in determination of number fractions of different hygroscopic particle groups. The experiments were performed in an air-conditioned laboratory using ammonium sulphate particles or an external mixture of ammonium sulphate and soot particles. The sizing of dry particles of the six H-TDMA systems was within 0.2 to 4.2% of the selected particle diameter depending on investigated size and individual system. Measurements of ammonium sulphate aerosol found deviations equivalent to 4.5% RH from the set point of 90% RH compared to results from previous experiments in the literature. Evaluation of the number fraction of particles within the clearly separated growth factor modes of a laboratory generated externally mixed aerosol was done. The data from the H-TDMAs was analysed with a single fitting routine to investigate differences caused by the different data evaluation procedures used for each H-TDMA. The differences between the H-TDMAs were reduced from +12/-13% to +8/-6% when the same analysis routine was applied. We conclude that a common data evaluation procedure to determine number fractions of externally mixed aerosols will improve the comparability of H-TDMA measurements. It is recommended to ensure proper calibration of all flow, temperature and RH sensors in the systems. It is most important to thermally insulate the aerosol humidification unit and the second DMA and to monitor these temperatures to an accuracy of 0.2 degrees C. For the correct determination of external mixtures, it is necessary to take into account size-dependent losses due to diffusion in the plumbing between the DMAs and in the aerosol humidification unit.
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| 13. |
- Pagels, Joakim, et al.
(author)
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Chemical composition and mass emission factors of candle smoke particles
- 2009
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In: Journal of Aerosol Science. - : Elsevier BV. - 0021-8502. ; 40:3, s. 193-208
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study is to investigate the physical and chemical properties of particle emissions from candle burning in indoor air. Two representative types of tapered candies were studied during steady burn, sooting burn and smouldering (upon extinction) under controlled conditions in a walk-in stainless steel chamber. Steady burn emits relatively high number emissions of ultrafine particles dominated by either phosphates or alkali nitrates. The likely source of these particles is flame retardant additives to the wick. Sooting burn in addition emits larger particles mainly consisting of agglomerated elemental carbon. This burning mode is associated with the highest mass emission factors. Particles emitted during smouldering upon extinction are dominated by organic matter. A mass closure was illustrated for the total mass concentration, the summed mass concentration from chemical analysis and the size-integrated mass concentration assessed from number distribution measurements using empirically determined effective densities for the three particle types. (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Rissler, Jenny, et al.
(author)
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An evaluation and comparison of cloud condensation nucleus activity models: Predicting particle critical saturation from growth at subsaturation
- 2010
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In: Journal of Geophysical Research. - 2156-2202. ; 115
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The ability of particles to activate and form cloud droplets influences the functioning of the Earth's hydrological cycle. This work links the particle water uptake at subsaturation to the critical supersaturation ratio needed for particles to become cloud condensation nuclei (CCN). Five models using the particle hygroscopic growth at subsaturation for predicting the critical supersaturation needed for droplet activation were applied to a laboratory data set of inorganic and organic compounds and mixtures of them. The data set consisted of hygroscopicity tandem differential mobility analyzer measurements and CCN counter measurements. No chemical composition information was used when applying the models. All models tested were based on modifications of Kohler theory and gave similar results. The agreement between predicted and measured critical supersaturations was good, considering the relatively simple models used. A trend of overestimating the critical supersaturations was observed, typically by similar to 15%. The best performing model gave on average only a 4% offset from experimental values; the model with the largest deviation was offset by 20%. A comparison was made between the number of soluble entities (ions or nondissociating molecules) estimated from the particle hygroscopic growth at 90% relative humidity (RH) and the number estimated from the particle critical supersaturation; a similar to 35% increase was observed in the effective number of entities in solution when going from 90% RH to activation. For many types of aerosols, differences in the model approaches tested do not induce large differences in the predicted critical supersaturation. However, it is most important to follow the recommendations published with the respective models and not use them indiscriminately.
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| 16. |
- Rizzo, L. V., et al.
(author)
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Long term measurements of aerosol optical properties at a primary forest site in Amazonia
- 2013
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In: Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics. - : Copernicus GmbH. - 1680-7324. ; 13:5, s. 2391-2413
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A long term experiment was conducted in a primary forest area in Amazonia, with continuous in-situ measurements of aerosol optical properties between February 2008 and April 2011, comprising, to our knowledge, the longest database ever in the Amazon Basin. Two major classes of aerosol particles, with significantly different optical properties were identified: coarse mode predominant biogenic aerosols in the wet season (January-June), naturally released by the forest metabolism, and fine mode dominated biomass burning aerosols in the dry season (July-December), transported from regional fires. Dry particle median scattering coefficients at the wavelength of 550 nm increased from 6.3 Mm(-1) to 22 Mm(-1), whereas absorption at 637 nm increased from 0.5 Mm(-1) to 2.8 Mm(-1) from wet to dry season. Most of the scattering in the dry season was attributed to the predominance of fine mode (PM2) particles (40-80% of PM10 mass), while the enhanced absorption coefficients are attributed to the presence of light absorbing aerosols from biomass burning. As both scattering and absorption increased in the dry season, the single scattering albedo (SSA) did not show a significant seasonal variability, in average 0.86 +/- 0.08 at 637 nm for dry aerosols. Measured particle optical properties were used to estimate the aerosol forcing efficiency at the top of the atmosphere. Results indicate that in this primary forest site the radiative balance was dominated by the cloud cover, particularly in the wet season. Due to the high cloud fractions, the aerosol forcing efficiency absolute values were below -3.5 Wm(-2) in 70% of the wet season days and in 46% of the dry season days. Besides the seasonal variation, the influence of out-of-Basin aerosol sources was observed occasionally. Periods of influence of the Manaus urban plume were detected, characterized by a consistent increase on particle scattering (factor 2.5) and absorption coefficients (factor 5). Episodes of biomass burning and mineral dust particles advected from Africa were observed between January and April, characterized by enhanced concentrations of crustal elements (Al, Si, Ti, Fe) and potassium in the fine mode. During these episodes, median particle absorption coefficients increased by a factor of 2, whereas median SSA values decreased by 7 %, in comparison to wet season conditions.
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| 18. |
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Andreou, Dimitrios, et al.
(author)
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Cardiac left ventricular ejection fraction in men and women with schizophrenia on long-term antipsychotic treatment
- 2020
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In: Schizophrenia Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 0920-9964 .- 1573-2509. ; 218, s. 226-232
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Patients with schizophrenia exhibit a higher cardiovascular mortality compared to the general population which has been attributed to life-style factors, genetic susceptibility and antipsychotic medication. Recent echocardiographic studies have pointed to an association between clozapine treatment and reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), a measure that has been inversely associated with adverse outcomes including all-cause mortality. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) is considered the reference method for LVEF measurement. The aim of the present study was to investigate the LVEF in patients with schizophrenia on long-term treatment with antipsychotics and healthy controls. Twenty-nine adult patients with schizophrenia on long-term medication with antipsychotics and 27 age-, sex- and body mass index-matched healthy controls (mean ages 44 and 45 years, respectively) were recruited from outpatient psychiatric clinics in Uppsala, Sweden. The participants were interviewed and underwent physical examination, biochemical analyses, electrocardiogram and CMR. Men with schizophrenia on long-term antipsychotic treatment showed significantly lower LVEF than controls (p = 0.0076), whereas no such difference was evident among women (p = 0.44). Specifically, clozapine-treated male patients had 10.6% lower LVEF than male controls (p = 0.0064), whereas the LVEF was 5.5% below that of controls among male patients treated with non-clozapine antipsychotics (p = 0.047). Among medicated men with schizophrenia, we found significantly lower LVEF compared to healthy individuals, suggesting the need of routine cardiac monitoring in this patient group. This is the first study showing a significant negative association between treatment with non-clozapine antipsychotics and LVEF.
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| 21. |
- Arteaga, Natalia, et al.
(author)
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Applications of SU-8 in the development of a Single Ion Hit Facility
- 2009
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In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-583X. ; 267:12-13, s. 2117-2121
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Lund Nuclear Microprobe (LNM) has been adapted to be used as a Single Ion Hit Facility (SIHF) for proton cell irradiation experiments at low dose. In order to test the capabilities of the system, Ni dot arrays and artificial cells have been fabricated with the photopolymer SU-8 and common lithographic techniques. The primary purpose of the Ni dot arrays was to determine the targeting accuracy of the beam in vacuum and in air. Additionally, this sample was employed to evaluate the system performance during cell target irradiation experiments. The Ni dot arrays were also used for beam characterization. The artificial cells were originally fabricated to test the software for cell recognition and localization, developed and implemented at the LNM. However, this sample became very functional to make small adjustments at the irradiation chamber for cell irradiation experiments. A description of the samples, fabrication procedure and applications are presented in this paper. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 22. |
- Borysiuk, Maciek, et al.
(author)
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Optimization of O-18 measurement using NRA for studies of isotopic content in fossil meteorites
- 2011
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In: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms. - : Elsevier BV. - 0168-583X. ; 269:20, s. 2229-2232
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this work, we discuss the possibility of a new approach to measuring oxygen isotope ratios in fossil meteorite samples, specifically one based on nuclear reaction analysis (NRA). Variations of oxygen ratios within meteoritic chromite grains can help to determine the type of meteorite to which the grains originally belonged. In this work, we have evaluated the possibility to use the reaction O-18(p, alpha)N-15 just above the 846 keV resonance to estimate the relative oxygen-18 content in a number of test samples. Another technique has to be employed for oxygen-16 measurements. A large area segmented silicon detector is used to detect the produced alpha particles. Results of the experimental O-18 measurements for a number of samples including four extraterrestrial chromite grains are presented and compared with SIMNRA simulations. The advantage of a segmented silicon detector in the form of inherent pile-up suppression can be clearly seen in the current work. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 23. |
- Brønsted, Jeppe, et al.
(author)
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Palpability Support Demonstrated
- 2007
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In: Embedded and Ubiquitous Computing/Lecture Notes in Computer Science. - Berlin, Heidelberg : Springer Berlin Heidelberg. - 0302-9743 .- 1611-3349. - 9783540770916 ; 4808, s. 294-308
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In ubiquitous computing, as more and more devices are embedded into the environment, there is a risk that the user loses the understanding of the system. In normal use this is not always a problem, but when breakdowns occur it is crucial that the user understands the system to be able to handle the situation. The concept of palpable computing, introduced by the PalCom project, denotes systems which support such understandability. In PalCom, a set of prototype scenarios provide input for an open software architecture and a conceptual framework for palpable computing. One of these prototype scenarios is based on the Active Surfaces concept in which therapists rehabilitate physically and mentally impaired children by means of an activity that stimulates the children both physically and cognitively. In this paper we demonstrate how palpability can be supported in a prototype of the Active Surfaces. Services on the tiles have been developed using the PalCom service framework that allows them to be combined into PalCom assemblies. The support for palpability is shown by examples of use scenarios from the work of the therapist who can inspect and alter the runtime state of the tiles to change their configuration and cope with breakdown situations. The prototype implementation runs on a standard PC simulating the network layer and a first reference implementation has been made on the target embedded platform.
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| 24. |
- Croon Fors, Anna, 1967-
(author)
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Being-with Information Technology : Critical explorations beyond use and design
- 2006
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In the thesis a theoretical exploration concerning the significance of information technology in everyday life is conducted. The main question advanced is how the reflexive nature of information technology can be envisioned. By this question attention is directed to transformative, experiential and dynamic qualities of information technology,i.e. unknown mergers of information technology and human experience. It is tentatively suggested that it is within everyday life that such transformative abilities are due to be significant. That is, depending on if and how people experience otherness in their relationships with information technology different strategies and responses of being a part of the whole are achieved. The main purpose of the thesis is to establish a theoretical base that both reveals such reflexivity and allows for further studies of the significance of information technology in everyday life. An extended purpose is to provide the critical tradition of Informatics research with an alternative view on what might count as critical ideals as well as make some suggestions about what should be subject to further research within this tradition. The framework#being-with information technology#emerges as a result of my insistence on grasping the relationship between information technology and human experience as a whole. Informed primarily by Martin Heidegger’s %1977& thinking on technology the framework ascribes primacy to meaning-making and sense-making processes. The framework also aspire to reach beyond notions of use and design by emphasizing the role and importance of the potential of information technology to transform human experience in new and significant ways. This potential is referred to as information technology as lifeworlds. Throughout the thesis, information technology as lifeworlds is recognized in a number of ways. At the same time it is argued that this is a never-ending, dynamic, open,complex, and often contradictory object of study. It is suggested that a focus on aesthetic experiences entails the possibility to investigate ambiguous meanings of information technology, meanings that all are intrinsic to information technology, but so far has received little or no attention. This suggestion is also a move away from a view of information technology as an object, with certain features, qualities and properties, towards a view of information technology as a relation to the world, to itself,and towards being human.
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| 25. |
- Fast Lappalainen, Katarina, et al.
(author)
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Digitalisering inom vård och omsorg : Ett projekt om samverkan inom och mellan Region Stockholm och Stockholms stad
- 2021
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Samverkan mellan vårdgivare inom och mellan Region Stockholm och Stockholms stad är en stor utmaning för både hälso- och sjukvård samt omsorg (förkortat vård och omsorg). Brister i informationsöverföring kan få negativa konsekvenser som sämre kvalitet och minskad effektivitet. Det gäller särskilt för de äldre personer som ofta slussas mellan öppen och sluten vård samt omsorg. I denna rapport redogörs för resultatet av projektet Digitalisering av vård- och omsorg, DISVO-projektet. Projektet är inriktat på samverkan mellan Region Stockholm och Stockholms stad, med fokus på de IT-mässiga och legala förutsättningar som finns för samverkan inom vård och omsorg. Studien bygger på en beskrivning av ett scenario för samverkan, samt genom en inventering av de regleringar i form av lagar och förordningar m.m. som styr vård och omsorg samt en inventering av de IT-system som används för samverkan i regionen och staden. Projektets resultat utgörs av en beskrivning och analys av juridiska och tekniska förutsättningar, hinder och möjligheter kring informationsöverföring för vård och omsorg. En granskning av de tekniska förutsättningarna för samverkan i form av systemanvändning visar på ett antal identifierade brister. Vad gäller de system som används så finns det, inte oväntat, ett behov av att i högre grad integrera systemen. Det som även framkom är att en ökad grad av användning av befintliga systemlösningar, som exempelvis den nationella patientöversikten (NPÖ), kan råda bot på brist på information. Ytterligare problem är att vissa system upplevs som komplexa, där det bland annat är svårt att ge behörighet till vissa grupper av användare. Behov av direkt kommunikation mellan användare har idag bristfälligt stöd i systemen, vilket leder till användning av telefon och fax. Framöver är det lämpligt att ett fokus läggs på användningen av lösningar som ger bättre möjlighet till integration. Granskningen av de juridiska aspekterna visar att lagstiftningen skulle kunna ändras mot ett tydligare individperspektiv med beaktande av behovet av information för såväl en god vård och omsorg som forskningssamhället. Det innebär t.ex. att nya sekretessbrytande bestämmelser behövs, men också att befintliga sådana skulle behöva reformeras för att anpassas till den digitaliserade vården och omsorgen. Sådana reformer får emellertid inte innebära att skyddet för den personliga integriteten vid behandling personuppgifter inskränks på ett oproportionerligt sätt. Det bör i första hand krävas samtycke från de enskilda för att bryta sekretessen, men lagstiftningen 2 måste också kunna tillämpas i de situationer då en enskild har nedsatt eller saknar beslutsförmåga. I vissa situationer tillämpas inte lagen fullt ut, t.ex. vid användningen av samordnad individuell planering. Ett annat problem är att de möjligheter till digitalisering som regelverken öppnar upp för inte utnyttjas fullt ut, såsom sammanhållen journalföring. Integration av system är vidare centralt för att befintliga bestämmelser ska tillämpas på ett effektivt sätt och få fullt genomslag. Ett exempel är patientdatalagen (2008:355), vilken möjliggör sammanhållen journalföring. Sammanhållen journalföring hindras dock delvis av att system är svåra att integrera. Det finns även exempel där både tekniska och rättsliga rekvisit finns på plats, men där brister finns i själva systemanvändningen, t.ex. vid tillämpningen av lagen (2017:612) om samverkan vid utskrivning från sluten hälso- och sjukvård vilken stöds av systemet WebCare. De brister som finns idag uppvägs av att personalen vidtar andra åtgärder för att säkerställa att rätt information förmedlas, såsom användning av telefon eller fax.
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