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- Garde, AH, et al.
(author)
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The influence of production systems on physiological responses measured in urine and saliva
- 2003
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In: Stress and Health. - : Wiley. - 1532-3005. ; 19:5, s. 297-306
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of the present study was to investigate physiological effects of highly similar production systems with different degrees of automation by use of urinary catecholamines and cortisol as well as salivary cortisol. Furthermore, it was determined whether the physiological response was related to real-time self-reports in terms of feelings of positive and negative arousal, physical exertion, and sleepiness. Sixteen healthy women sorting wooden slats participated in the study. The work was highly repetitive and demanded intense concentration and rapid qualified decisions. The women rotated between three production systems with varying degrees of automation. Real-time logbooks were completed and urine was collected five times and saliva seven times on four workdays and on one day off When working at the most automated production system urinary concentrations of adrenaline and noradrenaline were 14 per cent lower compared to those obtained when working at the other production systems. For salivary cortisol, the profile over the day differed between production systems. The type of production system did not affect urinary cortisol. Feelings of positive and negative arousal were associated with increased concentrations of urinary adrenaline, while sleepiness was associated with lower salivary cortisol. These associations were independent of the relationship between production systems and biomarkers. In conclusion, decreased physiological arousal was observed in response to increased automation and real-time self-reports appeared to be related to specific physiological systems. Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.
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- Hansen, AM, et al.
(author)
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Bullying at work, health outcomes, and physiological stress response
- 2006
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In: Journal of Psychosomatic Research. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1360 .- 0022-3999. ; 60:1, s. 63-72
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The relationships among bullying or witnessing bullying at work, self-reported health symptoms, and physiological stress reactivity were analysed in a sample of 437 employees (294 women and 143 men). Physiological stress reactivity was measured as cortisol in the saliva. Of the respondents, 5% of the women (n=15) and 5% of the men (n=7) reported bullying, whereas 9% of the women (n=25) and 11% of the men (n=15) had witnessed bullying at work. The results indicated that the bullied respondents had lower social support from coworkers and supervisors, and they reported more symptoms of somatisation, depression, anxiety, and negative affectivity (NA) than did the nonbullied respondents. Witnesses reported more symptoms of anxiety and lower support from supervisor than did the nonbullied employees. Concentrations of cortisol in the saliva were lower at awakening in bullied respondents compared with nonbullied respondents. Previous studies have reported lower diurnal concentration of cortisol for people with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and chronic fatigue. To our knowledge, this is the first full study on the associations among being subjected to bullying, health outcomes, and physiological stress response. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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- Hjortskov, N, et al.
(author)
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Evaluation of salivary cortisol as a biomarker of self-reported mental stress in field studies
- 2004
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In: Stress and Health. - : Wiley. - 1532-3005 .- 1532-2998. ; 20:2, s. 91-98
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study examine's the association between self-reported mental stress and the salivary cortisol response via a systematic literature review by using recommendations from the Cochrane Collaboration. Literature in different databases was screened and articles were selected on the basis of a set of inclusion criteria. Each article was assigned a total score on the basis of a rating system including objective and design of the studies, description of possible confounders, sampling strategy, description of psychosocial factors, and statistical analysis. The findings of the studies were considered to be inconsistent if less than 75 per cent of the high and medium quality studies reported the same conclusion. The literature search revealed a total of 73 studies. According to the inclusion criteria 14 field studies were selected for further evaluation. According to the rating system, seven studies were considered to be of high quality and seven studies of medium quality. No studies were considered to be of low quality. Four studies reported a positive association; two studies reported negative association and eight reported no association between self-reported mental stress and the cortisol response. Accordingly, the evaluation of the studies in this paper showed insufficient evidence for an association between self-reported mental stress and the cortisol response in field studies. Possibly the large diversity in study designs, the types and measures of mental stress, and the various salivary cortisol sampling strategies obscure any potential relationship. Copyright (C) 2004 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.
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- Persson, Roger, et al.
(author)
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The influence of production systems on self-reported arousal, sleepiness, physical exertion and fatigue-consequences of increasing mechanization
- 2003
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In: Stress and Health. - : Wiley. - 1532-3005. ; 19:3, s. 163-171
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The present study examined the capability of a real-time assessment routine to sort out the individual impact of three production systems on psychological activation as measured by the Stress/Energy Inventory, Karolinska Sleepiness Scale, Borg's CR-10 Perceived Exertion scale, and the Swedish Occupational Fatigue Inventory. Sixteen women between the ages of 26 and S7 years (mean 43 years) rotated in a counterbalanced order between three production systems: A, B and C. The systems produced the same goods but clearly differed in degree of automation and ergonomic demands. The results show that work at the most automated production system, C, on average generated lower energy index scores and higher sleepiness scores compared to the oldest system, A. Clear weekly and diurnal patterns were found for most rating measures. To conclude, the increasing automation of the production systems is reflected in psychological activation by dampening feelings of positively valued high activity states and increased sleepiness. The expressions of a weekly and diurnal psychological activation, indicates that the subjects are able to unwind both during the weekend and after work, and suggest that the present method is suitable for studying the immediate psychological adaptation to the social and physical work environment. Copyright (C) 2003 John Wiley Sons, Ltd.
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