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1.	Tran, Ngoc Hieu, et al. (author) Genetic profiling of Vietnamese population from large-scale genomic analysis of non-invasive prenatal testing data 2020 In: Scientific Reports. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2045-2322. ; 10:1 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The under-representation of several ethnic groups in existing genetic databases and studies have undermined our understanding of the genetic variations and associated traits or diseases in many populations. Cost and technology limitations remain the challenges in performing large-scale genome sequencing projects in many developing countries, including Vietnam. As one of the most rapidly adopted genetic tests, non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) data offers an alternative untapped resource for genetic studies. Here we performed a large-scale genomic analysis of 2683 pregnant Vietnamese women using their NIPT data and identified a comprehensive set of 8,054,515 single-nucleotide polymorphisms, among which 8.2% were new to the Vietnamese population. Our study also revealed 24,487 disease-associated genetic variants and their allele frequency distribution, especially 5 pathogenic variants for prevalent genetic disorders in Vietnam. We also observed major discrepancies in the allele frequency distribution of disease-associated genetic variants between the Vietnamese and other populations, thus highlighting a need for genome-wide association studies dedicated to the Vietnamese population. The resulted database of Vietnamese genetic variants, their allele frequency distribution, and their associated diseases presents a valuable resource for future genetic studies.
2.	Hoa, Hoang Thai, et al. (author) Effects of compounds from physalis angulata on fatty acid synthesis and glucose metabolism in HEPG2 cells via the AMP-activated protein kinase pathway 2020 In: Natural Product Sciences. - 1226-3907. ; 26:3, s. 200-206 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The ability of the total extract from Physalis angulata; three fractions after partitioning with n-hexane, ethyl acetate (TBE), and water; and four withanolides (compounds 1 – 4) to phosphorylate 5'-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) in HepG2 cells was evaluated. The TBE fraction (50 μg/mL) activated p-ACC and p-AMPK expression most strongly. Compounds 1 – 4 (10 μM) upregulated p-ACC expression at different levels. Compound 4 induced the most significant changes in p-AMPK expression, followed by 1 and 2. Sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) play a functional role in the transcriptional regulation of the lipogenic pathway, including fatty acid synthase (FAS) and ACC. The effects of compounds 2 and 4 (10 μM) on FAS and SREBP-1c expression under high glucose conditions (30 mM) in HepG2 cells were evaluated further. Both dose-dependently inhibited FAS and SREBP-1c expression as well as lipid accumulation (1 – 10 μM) were compared to high-concentration glucose control, which upregulated FAS and SREBP-1c. These results suggest that compounds 2 and 4 upregulate AMPK, suppress FAS and SREBP-1c, and have potential effects on glucose and lipid metabolism.
3.	Bich, Tran Huu, et al. (author) Father's involvement and its effect on early breastfeeding practices in Viet Nam. 2016 In: Maternal and Child Nutrition. - : Wiley. - 1740-8695 .- 1740-8709. ; 12:4, s. 768-777 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Fathers have an important but often neglected role in the promotion of healthy breastfeeding practices in developing countries. A community-based education intervention was designed to mobilize fathers' support for early breastfeeding. This study aimed to evaluate an education intervention targeting fathers to increase the proportion of early breastfeeding initiation and to reduce prelacteal feeding. Quasi-experimental study design was used to compare intervention and control areas located in two non-adjacent rural districts that shared similar demographic and health service characteristics in northern Viet Nam. Fathers and expectant fathers with pregnant wives from 7 to 30 weeks gestational age were recruited. Fathers in the intervention area received breastfeeding education materials, counselling services at a commune health centre and household visits. They were also invited to participate in a breastfeeding promotion social event. After intervention, early breastfeeding initiation rate was 81.2% in the intervention area and 39.6% in the control area (P < 0.001). Babies in the intervention area were more likely to be breastfed within the first hour after birth [odds ratio (OR) 7.64, 95% confidence interval (CI) 4.81-12.12] and not to receive any prelacteal feeding (OR 4.43, 95% CI 2.88-6.82) compared with those in the control area. Fathers may positively influence the breastfeeding practices of mothers, and as a resource for early childcare, they can be mobilized in programmes aimed at improving the early initiation of breastfeeding.
4.	Chu, Thi Hoa, 1981, et al. (author) Education of Parents When a Child Born with an Imperforate Anus; Does It Improve the Health of the Child? 2015 In: Open Journal of Pediatrics. - 2160-8741 .- 2160-8776. ; 2015:5, s. 90-98 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Objectives: To describe and investigate the value of an education program for parents of children born with an imperforate anus in order to help them cope with the new situation of having a sto- ma. A comparison is made with a group of parents following routine hospital. A secondary aim was to illuminate the parents’ feelings and concerns in the first month after the birth of the child. Sub- jects and methods: The program was tested in 20 Vietnamese mothers of babies born with an im- perforate anus; 10 followed an intervention comprising an education program and 10 the ordinary routine hospital. The study design is both qualitative and quantitative. The mothers were inter- viewed, using open-ended questions, within a week of their child’s birth and then repeatedly for up to one month. Finally, the conditions of children were accessed on their return to the hospital for the second operation after one month of care at home. The qualitative data were subjected to content analysis. Results: All mothers felt sad and worried in the beginning, but this quickly changed to confidence, particularly among mothers in the intervention group who received edu- cation. While at home, mothers in both groups had financial concerns, as they were unable to work as much as expected and also had to buy equipment for colostomy care. The mothers in the control group complained about a lack of knowledge and how it affected the care of their child. The moth- ers in the intervention group, however, felt confident in their caring even at home. When the fami- lies returned for the second operation, the children in the intervention group were significantly healthier, had increased more in weight, and had fewer complications and emergency return visits to hospital compared to the control group. In the control group skin problems around the stoma, diarrhea, bleeding or constipation while at home were reported (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The educa- tion improved the care at home resulting in healthier children and more confident parents.
5.	Nguyet, To Thi, et al. (author) Enhanced response characteristics of NO2 gas sensor based on ultrathin SnS2 nanoplates : Experimental and DFT study 2024 In: Sensors and Actuators A-Physical. - : Elsevier. - 0924-4247 .- 1873-3069. ; 373 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Layered-metal dichalcogenides with extraordinary characteristics of vast surface area, tunable bandgap and superior adsorption capability enable the potential for application in gas sensors. However, the synthesis of effective material for enhanced response performance remains a challenge. Herein, we exploited a fascinating sensitivity and selectivity towards NO2 gas detection using SnS2 nanoflakes prepared via the hydrothermal method. SnS2 nanoflakes with a thickness of 25 nm and an average diameter of approximately 500 nm show the potential for the detection of NO2 gas at low concentrations of ppb levels. The sensing properties of the SnS2 sensors were investigated for different concentrations of NO2 at various operating temperatures. The sensor exhibits the highest gas-sensing response of 161 at 250 οC upon exposure to 5 ppm of NO2 gas with fast response and recovery times. In addition, the sensor shows excellent selectivity with a low detection limit of ppb level. The electronic structure and gas-sensing mechanism are elucidated via finding density of states, charge density, and band structure based on DFT study which is calculated by the Vienna ab-initio simulation package (VASP). The considerable small adsorption energy reveals a physisorption of the NO2 molecules on the SnS2 surface (-0.174 eV), indicating the SnS2 nanoflakes are intriguing candidates for the speedy detection of NO2 gas.
6.	Abbafati, Cristiana, et al. (author) 2020 Journal article (peer-reviewed)
7.	Bergström, Anna, 1983-, et al. (author) A facilitated social innovation : stakeholder groups using Plan-Do-Study-Act cycles for perinatal health across levels of the health system in Cao Bang province, Vietnam 2023 In: Implementation Science Communications. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 2662-2211. ; 4:1 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract BackgroundUniversal coverage of evidence-based interventions for perinatal health, often part of evidence-based guidelines, could prevent most perinatal deaths, particularly if entire communities were engaged in the implementation. Social innovations may provide creative solutions to the implementation of evidence-based guidelines, but successful use of social innovations relies on the engagement of communities and health system actors. This proof-of-concept study aimed to assess whether an earlier successful social innovation for improved neonatal survival that employed regular facilitated Plan-Do-Study-Act meetings on the commune level was feasible and acceptable when implemented on multiple levels of the health system (52 health units) and resulted in actions with plausibly favourable effects on perinatal health and survival in Cao Bang province, northern Vietnam.MethodsThe Integrated Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (i-PARIHS) framework guided the implementation and evaluation of the Perinatal Knowledge-Into-Practice (PeriKIP) project. Data collection included facilitators’ diaries, health workers’ knowledge on perinatal care, structured observations of antenatal care, focus group discussions with facilitators, their mentors and representatives of different actors of the initiated stakeholder groups and an individual interview with the Reproductive Health Centre director. Clinical experts assessed the relevance of the identified problems and actions taken based on facilitators’ diaries. Descriptive statistics included proportions, means, and t-tests for the knowledge assessment and observations. Qualitative data were analysed by content analysis.ResultsThe social innovation resulted in the identification of about 500 relevant problems. Also, 75% of planned actions to overcome prioritised problems were undertaken, results presented and a plan for new actions to achieve the group’s goals to enhance perinatal health. The facilitators had significant roles, ensuring that the stakeholder groups were established based on principles of mutual respect. Overall, the knowledge of perinatal health and performance of antenatal care improved over the intervention period.ConclusionsThe establishment of facilitated local stakeholder groups can remedy the need for tailored interventions and grassroots involvement in perinatal health and provide a scalable structure for focused efforts to reduce preventable deaths and promote health and well-being.
8.	Duy, Nguyen Van, et al. (author) Enhancement of NH3 gas sensing with Ag-Pt co-catalyst on SnO2 nanofilm towards medical diagnosis 2023 In: Thin Solid Films. - : Elsevier. - 0040-6090 .- 1879-2731. ; 767 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Exhaled breath analysis is a noninvasive diagnostic method for fatal disease monitoring and screening, which is recently gained extensive interest of researchers worldwide emphasizing on the development of effective chemiresistive gas sensor for practical application. Here, the Ag-Pt bimetallic nanoparticles were used to deco-rate nanofilms of SnO2 making different gas sensors with high performance. We found that the bimetal alloy improved the sensor performance significantly with super sensitivity as compared with the separate Ag and Pt catalyst. The right ratio of the bimetal made the sensor very sensitive to NH3, so that it was able to quickly (12 s) detect 1 parts-per-million of NH3 with a response of 4.31 at a temperature of 250 degrees C. The sensor limit of detection for NH3 was less than 10 parts-per-billion. The response of the sensor was negligibly affected by humidity and interfering gases. The results showed that the tiny, robust, and inexpensive sensor developed in this work can be used in breath analysis for early diagnosis via NH3 monitoring.
9.	Nguyen, Thi Quynh Hoa, et al. (author) Numerical study of a broadband metamaterial absorber using a single split circle ring and lumped resistors for X-band applications 2020 In: AIP Advances. - : AIP Publishing. - 2158-3226. ; 10:3 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract We report a numerical study on the design of a broadband metamaterial absorber (MMA) with a single layer of metal-dielectric-metal based on an FR-4 substrate for X-band applications. The MMA structure consists of a periodic array of a split circle ring and lumped resistors coupled within split segments. The MMA structure achieves a broadband absorption response in the frequency range of 7.8-12.6 GHz with an absorptivity of above 90% under normal incidence for all polarization angles. The absorptivity remains above 70% in the frequency range of 6.8-11.8 GHz at wide incident angles from 0 degrees to 30 degrees for both transverse electric and transverse magnetic polarizations. The physical mechanism of the absorber is explained by the electric and the surface current distributions that, in turn, are significantly affected by magnetic resonance.
10.	Persson, Lars-Åke, 1947-, et al. (author) Effect of facilitation of local maternal-and-newborn stakeholder groups on neonatal mortality : cluster-randomized controlled trial 2013 In: PLoS Medicine. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1549-1277 .- 1549-1676. ; 10:5 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract BACKGROUND: Facilitation of local women's groups may reportedly reduce neonatal mortality. It is not known whether facilitation of groups composed of local health care staff and politicians can improve perinatal outcomes. We hypothesised that facilitation of local stakeholder groups would reduce neonatal mortality (primary outcome) and improve maternal, delivery, and newborn care indicators (secondary outcomes) in Quang Ninh province, Vietnam.METHODS AND FINDINGS: In a cluster-randomized design 44 communes were allocated to intervention and 46 to control. Laywomen facilitated monthly meetings during 3 years in groups composed of health care staff and key persons in the communes. A problem-solving approach was employed. Births and neonatal deaths were monitored, and interviews were performed in households of neonatal deaths and of randomly selected surviving infants. A latent period before effect is expected in this type of intervention, but this timeframe was not pre-specified. Neonatal mortality rate (NMR) from July 2008 to June 2011 was 16.5/1,000 (195 deaths per 11,818 live births) in the intervention communes and 18.4/1,000 (194 per 10,559 live births) in control communes (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.96 [95% CI 0.73-1.25]). There was a significant downward time trend of NMR in intervention communes (p = 0.003) but not in control communes (p = 0.184). No significant difference in NMR was observed during the first two years (July 2008 to June 2010) while the third year (July 2010 to June 2011) had significantly lower NMR in intervention arm: adjusted OR 0.51 (95% CI 0.30-0.89). Women in intervention communes more frequently attended antenatal care (adjusted OR 2.27 [95% CI 1.07-4.8]).CONCLUSIONS: A randomized facilitation intervention with local stakeholder groups composed of primary care staff and local politicians working for three years with a perinatal problem-solving approach resulted in increased attendance to antenatal care and reduced neonatal mortality after a latent period.TRIAL REGISTRATION: Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN44599712. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary.
11.	Sepanlou, Sadaf G., et al. (author) The global, regional, and national burden of cirrhosis by cause in 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017 2020 In: The Lancet Gastroenterology & Hepatology. - 2468-1253. ; 5:3, s. 245-266 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background Cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases (collectively referred to as cirrhosis in this paper) are a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally, although the burden and underlying causes differ across locations and demographic groups. We report on results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2017 on the burden of cirrhosis and its trends since 1990, by cause, sex, and age, for 195 countries and territories. Methods We used data from vital registrations, vital registration samples, and verbal autopsies to estimate mortality. We modelled prevalence of total, compensated, and decompensated cirrhosis on the basis of hospital and claims data. Disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) were calculated as the sum of years of life lost due to premature death and years lived with disability. Estimates are presented as numbers and age-standardised or age-specific rates per 100 000 population, with 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs). All estimates are presented for five causes of cirrhosis: hepatitis B, hepatitis C, alcohol-related liver disease, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), and other causes. We compared mortality, prevalence, and DALY estimates with those expected according to the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) as a proxy for the development status of regions and countries. Findings In 2017, cirrhosis caused more than 1.32 million (95% UI 1.27-1.45) deaths (440000 [416 000-518 000; 33.3%] in females and 883 000 [838 000-967 000; 66.7%] in males) globally, compared with less than 899 000 (829 000-948 000) deaths in 1990. Deaths due to cirrhosis constituted 2.4% (2.3-2.6) of total deaths globally in 2017 compared with 1.9% (1.8-2.0) in 1990. Despite an increase in the number of deaths, the age-standardised death rate decreased from 21.0 (19.2-22.3) per 100 000 population in 1990 to 16.5 (15.8-18-1) per 100 000 population in 2017. Sub-Saharan Africa had the highest age-standardised death rate among GBD super-regions for all years of the study period (32.2 [25.8-38.6] deaths per 100 000 population in 2017), and the high-income super-region had the lowest (10.1 [9.8-10-5] deaths per 100 000 population in 2017). The age-standardised death rate decreased or remained constant from 1990 to 2017 in all GBD regions except eastern Europe and central Asia, where the age-standardised death rate increased, primarily due to increases in alcohol-related liver disease prevalence. At the national level, the age-standardised death rate of cirrhosis was lowest in Singapore in 2017 (3.7 [3.3-4.0] per 100 000 in 2017) and highest in Egypt in all years since 1990 (103.3 [64.4-133.4] per 100 000 in 2017). There were 10.6 million (10.3-10.9) prevalent cases of decompensated cirrhosis and 112 million (107-119) prevalent cases of compensated cirrhosis globally in 2017. There was a significant increase in age-standardised prevalence rate of decompensated cirrhosis between 1990 and 2017. Cirrhosis caused by NASH had a steady age-standardised death rate throughout the study period, whereas the other four causes showed declines in age-standardised death rate. The age-standardised prevalence of compensated and decompensated cirrhosis due to NASH increased more than for any other cause of cirrhosis (by 33.2% for compensated cirrhosis and 54.8% for decompensated cirrhosis) over the study period. From 1990 to 2017, the number of prevalent cases snore than doubled for compensated cirrhosis due to NASH and more than tripled for decompensated cirrhosis due to NASH. In 2017, age-standardised death and DALY rates were lower among countries and territories with higher SDI. Interpretation Cirrhosis imposes a substantial health burden on many countries and this burden has increased at the global level since 1990, partly due to population growth and ageing. Although the age-standardised death and DALY rates of cirrhosis decreased from 1990 to 2017, numbers of deaths and DALYs and the proportion of all global deaths due to cirrhosis increased. Despite the availability of effective interventions for the prevention and treatment of hepatitis B and C, they were still the main causes of cirrhosis burden worldwide, particularly in low-income countries. The impact of hepatitis B and C is expected to be attenuated and overtaken by that of NASH in the near future. Cost-effective interventions are required to continue the prevention and treatment of viral hepatitis, and to achieve early diagnosis and prevention of cirrhosis due to alcohol-related liver disease and NASH.
12.	Son, Dang Ngoc, et al. (author) A novel design and fabrication of self-heated In2O3 nanowire gas sensor on for ethanol detection 2022 In: Sensors and Actuators A-Physical. - : Elsevier. - 0924-4247 .- 1873-3069. ; 345 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Many attempts have been made on the design and fabrication of low-power consumption gas sensor for application on the Internet of Things and portable devices. The performance of gas sensors includes sensitivity, selectivity, and power consumption, which are strongly dependent on the configuration of the device such as the gap size between two electrodes, the sensing material, and operation principle. Here, self-heated In2O3 nanowire-based gas sensors were designed and fabricated by on-chip growth technique via thermal evaporation to work at room temperature. The effect of electrode gap (10-40 mu m) on the power consumption and gas sensing performance of the In2O3 nanowire sensors was studied. With the large gap of 40 mu m, the sensor exhibited excellent sensing characteristics of low power consumption (1.06 mW) with ability to detect ethanol gas down to 20 ppm effectively. We also examined the role of nanowire conductivity in the performance of the self-heated sensor in the detection of reducing gas. The sensor demonstrated rapid response and recovery times of less than a minute, exceptional stability, and remarkable recovery.
13.	Van Duy, Lai, et al. (author) Room Temperature Ammonia Gas Sensor Based on p-Type-like V2O5 Nanosheets towards Food Spoilage Monitoring 2023 In: Nanomaterials. - : MDPI. - 2079-4991. ; 13:1, s. 146-146 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Gas sensors play an important role in many areas of human life, including the monitoring of production processes, occupational safety, food quality assessment, and air pollution monitoring. Therefore, the need for gas sensors to monitor hazardous gases, such as ammonia, at low operating temperatures has become increasingly important in many fields. Sensitivity, selectivity, low cost, and ease of production are crucial characteristics for creating a capillary network of sensors for the protection of the environment and human health. However, developing gas sensors that are not only efficient but also small and inexpensive and therefore integrable into everyday life is a difficult challenge. In this paper, we report on a resistive sensor for ammonia detection based on thin V2O5 nanosheets operating at room temperature. The small thickness and porosity of the V2O5 nanosheets give the sensors good performance for sensing ammonia at room temperature (RT), with a relative change of resistance of 9.4% to 5 ppm ammonia (NH3) and an estimated detection limit of 0.4 ppm. The sensor is selective with respect to the seven interferents tested; it is repeatable and stable over the long term (four months). Although V2O5 is generally an n-type semiconductor, in this case the nanosheets show a p-type semiconductor behavior, and thus a possible sensing mechanism is proposed. The device’s performance, along with its size, low cost, and low power consumption, makes it a good candidate for monitoring freshness and spoilage along the food supply chain.Keywords: gas sensor; vanadium pentoxide; ammonia; nanosheet; room temperature; food quality
14.	A design of high performance gas sensor array withdiscrete islands of Au catalyst for increasing of ZnO nanowire junctions 2013 Editorial proceedings (peer-reviewed)abstract In this study, an effective design for growth of ZnO nanowires directly on gas sensor chips is introduced. The design utilizes the dendrite islands of Au catalyst deposited between and on the Pt electrodes for the nanowires to grow on instead of a continuous seed layer or Au film. This lead to an increase of the nanowirenanowire junctions in the devices, as well as a reduction of the leak current that would occur through the mentioned alternative seed layer; resulting in a higher sensitivity. The results showed that the developed gas sensors could be used for monitoring of NO2 at low concentration.
15.	Axelson, Henrik, et al. (author) Inequalities in reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health in Vietnam: a retrospective study of survey data for 1997-2006 2012 In: BMC Health Services Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1472-6963. ; 12 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background: Vietnam has achieved considerable success in economic development, poverty reduction, and health over a relatively short period of time. However, there is concern that inequalities in health outcomes and intervention coverage are widening. This study explores if inequalities in reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health and nutrition changed over time in Vietnam in 1997-2006, and if inequalities were different depending on the type of stratifying variable used to measure inequalities and on the type of outcome studied. Methods: Using data from four nationally representative household surveys conducted in 1997-2006, we study inequalities in reproductive, maternal, newborn and child health and nutrition outcomes and intervention coverage by computing concentration indices by living standards, maternal education, ethnicity, region, urban/rural residence, and sex of child. Results: Inequalities in maternal, newborn and child health persisted in 1997-2006. Inequalities were largest by living standards, but not trivial by the other stratifying variables. Inequalities in health outcomes generally increased over time, while inequalities in intervention coverage generally declined. The most equitably distributed interventions were family planning, exclusive breastfeeding, and immunizations. The most inequitably distributed interventions were those requiring multiple service contacts, such as four or more antenatal care visits, and those requiring significant support from the health system, such as skilled birth attendance. Conclusions: Three main policy implications emerge. First, persistent inequalities suggest the need to address financial and other access barriers, for example by subsidizing health care for the poor and ethnic minorities and by support from other sectors, for example in strengthening transportation networks. This should be complemented by careful monitoring and evaluation of current program design and implementation to ensure effective and efficient use of resources. Second, greater inequalities for interventions that require multiple service contacts imply that inequalities could be reduced by strengthening information and service provision by community and village health workers to promote and sustain timely care-seeking. Finally, larger inequalities for interventions that require a fully functioning health system suggest that investments in health facilities and human resources, particularly in areas that are disproportionately inhabited by the poor and ethnic minorities, may contribute to reducing inequalities.
16.	Bergström, Anna, et al. (author) Health system context and implementation of evidence-based practices-development and validation of the Context Assessment for Community Health (COACH) tool for low- and middle-income settings 2015 In: Implementation Science. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1748-5908. ; 10 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background: The gap between what is known and what is practiced results in health service users not benefitting from advances in healthcare, and in unnecessary costs. A supportive context is considered a key element for successful implementation of evidence-based practices (EBP). There were no tools available for the systematic mapping of aspects of organizational context influencing the implementation of EBPs in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Thus, this project aimed to develop and psychometrically validate a tool for this purpose. Methods: The development of the Context Assessment for Community Health (COACH) tool was premised on the context dimension in the Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services framework, and is a derivative product of the Alberta Context Tool. Its development was undertaken in Bangladesh, Vietnam, Uganda, South Africa and Nicaragua in six phases: (1) defining dimensions and draft tool development, (2) content validity amongst in-country expert panels, (3) content validity amongst international experts, (4) response process validity, (5) translation and (6) evaluation of psychometric properties amongst 690 health workers in the five countries. Results: The tool was validated for use amongst physicians, nurse/midwives and community health workers. The six phases of development resulted in a good fit between the theoretical dimensions of the COACH tool and its psychometric properties. The tool has 49 items measuring eight aspects of context: Resources, Community engagement, Commitment to work, Informal payment, Leadership, Work culture, Monitoring services for action and Sources of knowledge. Conclusions: Aspects of organizational context that were identified as influencing the implementation of EBPs in high-income settings were also found to be relevant in LMICs. However, there were additional aspects of context of relevance in LMICs specifically Resources, Community engagement, Commitment to work and Informal payment. Use of the COACH tool will allow for systematic description of the local healthcare context prior implementing healthcare interventions to allow for tailoring implementation strategies or as part of the evaluation of implementing healthcare interventions and thus allow for deeper insights into the process of implementing EBPs in LMICs.
17.	Bich, Tran Huu, et al. (author) Fathers as Supporters for Improved Exclusive Breastfeeding in Viet Nam 2014 In: Maternal and Child Health Journal. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1092-7875 .- 1573-6628. ; 18:6, s. 1444-1453 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract To determine the extent of exclusive breastfeeding practices among mothers of 4 and 6 month old infants whose fathers received breastfeeding education materials and counseling services. A quasi-experimental design was used. At the baseline, 251 and 241 couples were recruited into the intervention and control sites respectively. Fathers in the intervention area received breastfeeding education materials, counseling services at commune health centers and household visits. In the control site, where mothers routinely receive services on antenatal and postpartum care, fathers did not receive any intervention services on promoting breastfeeding. Primary indicators were exclusive breastfeeding at 4 and 6 months. At 6 months of age, based on 24-hour recall, 16.0 % (38/238) of mothers in the intervention group were exclusively breastfeeding their children, compared to 3.9 % (10/230) of those mothers in the control group (p < 0.001). Significant differences were found based on last-week recall (8.8 % in the intervention group vs. 1.3 % in the control group, p < 0.001) and since-birth recall (6.7 % in the intervention group vs. 0.9 % in the control group, p < 0.01). At 4 months of age, based on since birth recall, the breastfeeding proportion was significantly higher in the intervention group than in control group (20.6 % in the intervention group vs. 11.3 % in the control group, p < 0.01). An intervention targeting fathers might be effective in increasing exclusive breastfeeding practices at 4 and 6 months. To improve exclusive breastfeeding, health care staff working in maternal and child health units, should consider integrating fathers with services delivered to mothers and children.
18.	Chu Manh, Hung, et al. (author) ZnO coral-like nanoplates decorated with Pd nanoparticles for enhanced VOC gas sensing 2021 In: Journal of Science: Advanced Materials and Devices. - Hanoi, Vietnam : Elsevier. - 2468-2284 .- 2468-2179. ; 6:3, s. 453-461 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract A high working temperature of the ZnO nanomaterial-based gas sensor could shorten the lifetime of the sensor and increase its power consumption. Enhancing the volatile organic compound (VOC) sensing performance of ZnO nanomaterial-based gas sensors in terms of gas response and temperature is vital for their practical application. Decoration of noble metals onto nanostructures is an effective approach for improving their sensing characteristics. Herein, hydrothermally synthesized ZnO coral-like nanoplates decorated with Pd nanoparticles are introduced to achieve the improved VOC sensing performance. The morphology, crystal structure, composition, atomic structure, and gas sensing properties of the synthesized pristine and Pd–ZnO coral-like nanoplates were investigated. The results showed a remarkable reduction of optimal working temperature from 450 °C for the pristine ZnO based sensor to 350 °C for the Pd–ZnO based sensor. The sensor response to acetone at the optimal operating temperature of 350 °C was improved three times by surface decoration with Pd nanoparticles. The response time and recovery time of the Pd–ZnO sensor were about three times faster than that of the pristine ZnO sensor. The Pd–ZnO sensor reached a theoretical detection limit of 17 ppt and a sensitivity of 3.5–2.5 ppm acetone at 350 °C. The sensor transient stability after several on/off switching cycles from air to gas revealed the effective reusability of the fabricated devices. A plausible mechanism for the VOC sensing of the porous Pd–ZnO coral-like nanoplate-based sensor is also discussed.
19.	Chu Thi, Quy, et al. (author) Ethanol-Sensing Characteristics of Nanostructured ZnO: Nanorods, Nanowires, and Porous Nanoparticles 2017 In: Journal of Electronic Materials. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0361-5235 .- 1543-186X. ; , s. 1-6 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The morphology and crystalline size of metal oxide-sensing materials arebelieved to have a strong influence on the performance of gas sensors. In thispaper, we report a comparative study on the ethanol-sensing characteristics ofZnO nanorods, nanowires, and porous nanoparticles. The porous ZnOnanoparticles were prepared using a simple thermal decomposition of a sheetlikehydrozincite, whereas the nanorods and nanowires were grown byhydrothermal and chemical vapor deposition methods, respectively. Themorphology and crystal structure of the synthesized materials were characterizedby field-emission scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction.Ethanol gas-sensing characteristics were systematically studied at differenttemperatures. Our findings show that for ethanol gas-sensing applications,ZnO porous nanoparticles exhibited the best sensitivity, followed by thenanowires and nanorods. Gas-sensing properties were also examined withrespect to the role of crystal growth orientation, crystal size, and porosity.
20.	Duoc, Vo Thanh, et al. (author) Hydrogen gas sensor based on self-heating effect of SnO2/Pt thin film with ultralow power consumption 2024 In: International journal of hydrogen energy. - : Elsevier. - 0360-3199 .- 1879-3487. ; 61, s. 774-782 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Self-heating of sensing elements on gas sensors is an effective solution to avoid using external heaters. In this paper, a self-heated hydrogen gas sensor is presented. The sensor was created using the DC sputtering method, which involved fabricating it on a thermal-insulating Kapton flexible substrate. This process utilized a thin film of SnO2 with thick 50 nm that was modified with nanoclusters of Pt, serving as the sensing material. The SnO2/Pt material film was analyzed for microstructure and composition by SEM, XRD, and XPS analysis. Infrared images show that the self-heating effect is mainly concentrated in the strip of gas-sensitive material. It showed many good performances, such as high sensitivity (able to detect down to 50 ppm of H2), good selectivity (poor response to CO, NH3, H2S, and NO2), the sensor's performance is little changed by environmental humidity, and low power consumption (89 μW at 5V). The sensor is also stable and low-cost, suitable for portable H2 detection devices due to its low generated heat and small size.
21.	Duoc, Vo Thanh, et al. (author) New Design of ZnO Nanorod- and Nanowire-Based NO2 Room-Temperature Sensors Prepared by Hydrothermal Method 2019 In: Journal of Nanomaterials. - : HINDAWI LTD. - 1687-4110 .- 1687-4129. Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Room-temperature gas sensors are attracting attention because of their low power consumption, safe operation, and long-term stability. Herein, ZnO nanorods (NRs) and nanowires (NWs) were on-chip grown via a facile hydrothermal method and used for room-temperature NO2 gas sensor applications. The ZnO NRs were obtained by a one-step hydrothermal process, whereas the NWs were obtained by a two-step hydrothermal process. To obtain ZnO NW sensor, the length of NRs was controlled short enough so that none of the nanorod-nanorod junction was made. Thereafter, the NWs were grown from the tips of no-contact NRs to form nanowire-nanowire junctions. The gas-sensing characteristics of ZnO NRs and NWs were tested against NO2 gas at room temperature for comparison. The gas-sensing characteristics of the sensors were also tested at different applied voltages to evaluate the effect of the self-activated gas-sensing performance. Results show that the diameter of ZnO NRs and NWs is the dominant parameter of their NO2 gas-sensing performance at room temperature. In addition, self-activation by local heating occurred for both sensors, but because the NWs were smaller and sparser than the NRs, local heating thus required a lower applied voltage with maximal response compared with the NRs.
22.	Duong, Thi Hoa, et al. (author) Development of bladder control in the first year of life in children who are potty trained early. 2010 In: Journal of pediatric urology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-4898 .- 1477-5131. ; 6:5, s. 501-5 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract To describe longitudinally the development of micturition patterns in children who are potty trained early.
23.	Duong, Thi Hoa, et al. (author) Experiences of Learning from a Person-Centred Web-Based Support Programme for Children with Urogenital and Bowel Malformation 2017 In: Psychology. - : Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.. - 0033-3077 .- 2152-7180 .- 2152-7199. ; 2017:8, s. 363-372 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The purpose was to illuminate preschool children’s experiences of learning from a web-based intervention comprising person-centred learning support. A qualitative method was chosen based on open-ended interviews with ten children born with urogenital or bowel malformation. The data were analysed using qualitative content analysis. Two main categories and eight subcategories were identified. The findings show that the participants remembered the web preschool with pleasure and thought it had been useful. The children were able to express what they found important and in the conversations they easily associated the intervention with events in their daily life. Most of the children in this present study could manage toilet visits by themselves but worried about the standard in the school toilets. Their own integrity was important with regard to toilet matters and they wanted privacy for their visits.
24.	Duong, Thi Hoa, et al. (author) Micturition pattern in young boys with posterior urethral valves—A pilot study in small boys who are potty-trained from infancy 2013 In: Open Journal of Pediatrics. - : Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.. - 2160-8741 .- 2160-8776. ; 03, s. 358-363 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Introduction: To investigate if potty training from infancy can affect bladder dysfunction in boys with posterior urethral valves (PUV). Subjects and Meth- ods: The voiding pattern and emptying ability were followed using the 4-hour voiding observation method in 17 Vietnamese boys with PUV aged 3 months to 4 years who had been potty-trained from infancy. This group was compared with a group of healthy Viet- namese boys. Results: In the boys with PUV, the bladder volume increased according to age, and in- terrupted voiding was rare. However, when compar- ing boys with PUV with healthy boys, a significant difference was noted with more frequent voidings and lower voided volumes in the age group 0 - 1 year (P < 0.001). Despite the minimum amount of residual urine, average 8 ml or less in the boys with PUV, the age groups 1 - 2 and 2 - 4 years had significantly higher residual volumes compared with those of the healthy boys (P < 0.001). Conclusion: The findings from the 4-hour voiding observation showed few signs of dysfunctional bladder in the Vietnamese boys with PUV, including residual urine, even if there were signs of dysfunction compared with the healthy Viet- namese boys. Potty training from infancy could favor early bladder rehabilitation in boys with PUV.
25.	Duong, Thi Hoa, et al. (author) Urinary bladder control during the first 3years of life in healthy children in Vietnam - A comparison study with Swedish children. 2013 In: Journal of Pediatric Urology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1477-5131 .- 1873-4898. ; 9:6, s. 700-706 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract OBJECTIVES: To study outcomes of early potty training in a population of healthy children with a tradition of early potty training and to compare these findings with a group of children to whom potty training was applied later. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Mothers and their 47 healthy children in Vietnam participated in this longitudinal study. The voiding pattern and emptying ability were followed by the 4-hvoiding observation method from 3 months to 3 years of age. A comparison is made with a group of 57 Swedish children investigated in a similar manner. RESULTS: In the group of Vietnamese children, 89% were on daily potty training at the age of 6 months. At the age of 24 months, potty training was complete for 98%. In the Swedish group, just a few (5%) had started daily potty training by the age of 24 months (p<0.001). The Vietnamese group had fewer voidings and lower voided volumes than the Swedish group. In the Vietnamese children, bladder emptying could be regarded as having been completed, with no residual urine at 9 months, compared with the Swedish group, which first showed complete emptying at the age of 36 months. CONCLUSION: Potty training performed daily affects the emptying ability positively. In the Vietnamese group, no residual urine was found at the age of 9 months. These results differ significantly from those of the group of Swedish children.

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