SwePub - search: WFRF:(Huang Xin)

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1.	Beal, Jacob, et al. (author) Robust estimation of bacterial cell count from optical density 2020 In: Communications Biology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2399-3642. ; 3:1 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Optical density (OD) is widely used to estimate the density of cells in liquid culture, but cannot be compared between instruments without a standardized calibration protocol and is challenging to relate to actual cell count. We address this with an interlaboratory study comparing three simple, low-cost, and highly accessible OD calibration protocols across 244 laboratories, applied to eight strains of constitutive GFP-expressing E. coli. Based on our results, we recommend calibrating OD to estimated cell count using serial dilution of silica microspheres, which produces highly precise calibration (95.5% of residuals <1.2-fold), is easily assessed for quality control, also assesses instrument effective linear range, and can be combined with fluorescence calibration to obtain units of Molecules of Equivalent Fluorescein (MEFL) per cell, allowing direct comparison and data fusion with flow cytometry measurements: in our study, fluorescence per cell measurements showed only a 1.07-fold mean difference between plate reader and flow cytometry data.
2.	Klionsky, Daniel J, et al. (author) Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (3rd edition). 2016 In: Autophagy. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1554-8635 .- 1554-8627. ; 12:1, s. 1-222 Journal article (peer-reviewed)
3.	2019 Journal article (peer-reviewed)
4.	Gou, De Hai, et al. (author) Inhibition of copper transporter 1 prevents α-synuclein pathology and alleviates nigrostriatal degeneration in AAV-based mouse model of Parkinson's disease 2021 In: Redox Biology. - : Elsevier BV. - 2213-2317. ; 38 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The formation of α-synuclein aggregates is a major pathological hallmark of Parkinson's disease. Copper promotes α-synuclein aggregation and toxicity in vitro. The level of copper and copper transporter 1, which is the only known high-affinity copper importer in the brain, decreases in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease patients. However, the relationship between copper, copper transporter 1 and α-synuclein pathology remains elusive. Here, we aim to decipher the molecular mechanisms of copper and copper transporter 1 underlying Parkinson's disease pathology. We employed yeast and mammalian cell models expressing human α-synuclein, where exogenous copper accelerated intracellular α-synuclein inclusions and silencing copper transporter 1 reduced α-synuclein aggregates in vitro, suggesting that copper transporter 1 might inhibit α-synuclein pathology. To study our hypothesis in vivo, we generated a new transgenic mouse model with copper transporter 1 conditional knocked-out specifically in dopaminergic neuron. Meanwhile, we unilaterally injected adeno-associated viral human-α-synuclein into the substantia nigra of these mice. Importantly, we found that copper transporter 1 deficiency significantly reduced S129-phosphorylation of α-synuclein, prevented dopaminergic neuronal loss, and alleviated motor dysfunction caused by α-synuclein overexpression in vivo. Overall, our data indicated that inhibition of copper transporter 1 alleviated α-synuclein mediated pathologies and provided a novel therapeutic strategy for Parkinson's disease and other synucleinopathies.
5.	Huang, Xiaoli, et al. (author) High-temperature superconductivity in sulfur hydride evidenced by alternating-current magnetic susceptibility 2019 In: National Science Review. - : Oxford University Press. - 2095-5138 .- 2053-714X. ; 6:4, s. 713-718 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The search for high-temperature superconductivity is one of the research frontiers in physics. In the sulfur hydride system, an extremely high Tc (∼200 K) has been recently developed at pressure. However, the Meissner effect measurement above megabar pressures is still a great challenge. Here, we report the superconductivity identification of sulfur hydride at pressure, employing an in situ alternating-current magnetic susceptibility technique. We determine the superconducting phase diagram, finding that superconductivity suddenly appears at 117 GPa and Tc reaches 183 K at 149 GPa before decreasing monotonically with increasing pressure. By means of theoretical calculations, we elucidate the variation of Tc in the low-pressure region in terms of the changing stoichiometry of sulfur hydride and the further decrease in Tc owing to a drop in the electron–phonon interaction parameter λ. This work provides a new insight into clarifying superconducting phenomena and anchoring the superconducting phase diagram in the hydrides.
6.	Kristan, Matej, et al. (author) The first visual object tracking segmentation VOTS2023 challenge results 2023 In: 2023 IEEE/CVF International conference on computer vision workshops (ICCVW). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.. - 9798350307443 - 9798350307450 ; , s. 1788-1810 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract The Visual Object Tracking Segmentation VOTS2023 challenge is the eleventh annual tracker benchmarking activity of the VOT initiative. This challenge is the first to merge short-term and long-term as well as single-target and multiple-target tracking with segmentation masks as the only target location specification. A new dataset was created; the ground truth has been withheld to prevent overfitting. New performance measures and evaluation protocols have been created along with a new toolkit and an evaluation server. Results of the presented 47 trackers indicate that modern tracking frameworks are well-suited to deal with convergence of short-term and long-term tracking and that multiple and single target tracking can be considered a single problem. A leaderboard, with participating trackers details, the source code, the datasets, and the evaluation kit are publicly available at the challenge website1
7.	Kristanl, Matej, et al. (author) The Seventh Visual Object Tracking VOT2019 Challenge Results 2019 In: 2019 IEEE/CVF INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION WORKSHOPS (ICCVW). - : IEEE COMPUTER SOC. - 9781728150239 ; , s. 2206-2241 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract The Visual Object Tracking challenge VOT2019 is the seventh annual tracker benchmarking activity organized by the VOT initiative. Results of 81 trackers are presented; many are state-of-the-art trackers published at major computer vision conferences or in journals in the recent years. The evaluation included the standard VOT and other popular methodologies for short-term tracking analysis as well as the standard VOT methodology for long-term tracking analysis. The VOT2019 challenge was composed of five challenges focusing on different tracking domains: (i) VOT-ST2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB, (ii) VOT-RT2019 challenge focused on "real-time" short-term tracking in RGB, (iii) VOT-LT2019 focused on long-term tracking namely coping with target disappearance and reappearance. Two new challenges have been introduced: (iv) VOT-RGBT2019 challenge focused on short-term tracking in RGB and thermal imagery and (v) VOT-RGBD2019 challenge focused on long-term tracking in RGB and depth imagery. The VOT-ST2019, VOT-RT2019 and VOT-LT2019 datasets were refreshed while new datasets were introduced for VOT-RGBT2019 and VOT-RGBD2019. The VOT toolkit has been updated to support both standard short-term, long-term tracking and tracking with multi-channel imagery. Performance of the tested trackers typically by far exceeds standard baselines. The source code for most of the trackers is publicly available from the VOT page. The dataset, the evaluation kit and the results are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
8.	Liao, Xiwen, et al. (author) Comprehensive investigation of key biomarkers and pathways in hepatitis B virus-related hepatocellular carcinoma 2019 In: Journal of Cancer. - : IVYSPRING INT PUBL. - 1837-9664. ; 10:23, s. 5689-5704 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Objective: Our study is aim to explore potential key biomarkers and pathways in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) using genome-wide expression profile dataset and methods. Methods: Dataset from the GSE14520 is used as the training cohort and The Cancer Genome Atlas dataset as the validation cohort. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) screening were performed by the limma package. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), gene ontology, the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and risk score model were used for pathway and genes identification. Results: GSEA revealed that several pathways and biological processes are associated with hepatocarcinogenesis, such as the cell cycle, DNA repair, and p53 pathway. A total of 160 DEGs were identified. The enriched functions and pathways of the DEGs included toxic substance decomposition and metabolism processes, and the P450 and p53 pathways. Eleven of the DEGs were identified as hub DEGs in the WGCNA. In survival analysis of hub DEGs, high expression of PRC1 and TOP2A were significantly associated with poor clinical outcome of HBV-related HCC, and shown a good performance in HBV-related HCC diagnosis. The prognostic signature consisting of PRC1 and TOP2A also doing well in the prediction of HBV-related HCC prognosis. The diagnostic and prognostic values of PRC1 and TOP2A was confirmed in TCGA HCC patients. Conclusions: Key biomarkers and pathways identified in the present study may enhance the comprehend of the molecular mechanisms underlying hepatocarcinogenesis. Additionally, mRNA expression of PRC1 and TOP2A may serve as potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for HBV-related HCC.
9.	Liao, Xiwen, et al. (author) Integrated analysis of competing endogenous RNA network revealing potential prognostic biomarkers of hepatocellular carcinoma 2019 In: Journal of Cancer. - : Ivyspring International Publisher. - 1837-9664. ; 10:14, s. 3267-3283 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Objective: The goal of our study is to identify a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network using dysregulated RNAs between HCC tumors and the adjacent normal liver tissues from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets, and to investigate underlying prognostic indicators in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients. Methods: All of the RNA- and miRNA-sequencing datasets of HCC were obtained from TCGA, and dysregulated RNAs between HCC tumors and the adjacent normal liver tissues were investigated by DESeq and edgeR algorithm. Survival analysis was used to confirm underlying prognostic indicators. Results: In the present study, we constructed a ceRNA network based on 16 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), 7 differentially expressed microRNAs and 34 differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (DELs). Among these dysregulated RNAs, three DELs (AP002478.1, HTR2A-AS1, and ERVMER61-1) and six DEGs (enhancer of zeste homolog 2 [EZH2], kinesin family member 23 [KIF23], chromobox 2 [CBX2], centrosomal protein 55 [CEP55], cell division cycle 25A [CDC25A], and claspin [CLSPN]) were used for construct a prognostic signature for HCC overall survival (OS), and performed well in HCC OS (adjusted P<0.0001, adjusted hazard ratio = 2.761, 95% confidence interval = 1.838-4.147). Comprehensive survival analysis demonstrated that this prognostic signature may be act as an independent prognostic indicator of HCC OS. Functional assessment of these dysregulated DEGs in the ceRNA network and gene set enrichment of this prognostic signature suggest that both were enriched in the biological processes and pathways of the cell cycle, cell division and cell proliferation. Conclusions: Our current study constructed a ceRNA network for HCC, and developed a prognostic signature that may act as an independent indicator for HCC OS.
10.	Hsiung, Shih-Yi, et al. (author) Machine learning-based monosaccharide profiling for tissue-specific classification of Wolfiporia extensa samples 2023 In: Carbohydrate Polymers. - : Elsevier. - 0144-8617 .- 1879-1344. ; 322 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Machine learning (ML) has been used for many clinical decision-making processes and diagnostic procedures in bioinformatics applications. We examined eight algorithms, including linear discriminant analysis (LDA), logistic regression (LR), k-nearest neighbor (KNN), random forest (RF), gradient boosting machine (GBM), support vector machine (SVM), Naïve Bayes classifier (NB), and artificial neural network (ANN) models, to evaluate their classification and prediction capabilities for four tissue types in Wolfiporia extensa using their monosaccharide composition profiles. All 8 ML-based models were assessed as exemplary models with AUC exceeding 0.8. Five models, namely LDA, KNN, RF, GBM, and ANN, performed excellently in the four-tissue-type classification (AUC > 0.9). Additionally, all eight models were evaluated as good predictive models with AUC value >0.8 in the three-tissue-type classification. Notably, all 8 ML-based methods outperformed the single linear discriminant analysis (LDA) plotting method. For large sample sizes, the ML-based methods perform better than traditional regression techniques and could potentially increase the accuracy in identifying tissue samples of W. extensa.
11.	Huang, He, et al. (author) Material informatics for uranium-bearing equiatomic disordered solid solution alloys 2021 In: Materials Today Communications. - : Elsevier BV. - 2352-4928. ; 29 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Near-equiatomic, multi-component alloys with disordered solid solution phase (DSSP) are associated with outstanding performance in phase stability, mechanical properties and irradiation resistance, and may provide a feasible solution for developing novel uranium-based alloys with better fuel capacity. In this work, we build a machine learning (ML) model of disordered solid solution alloys (DSSAs) based on about 6000 known multicomponent alloys and several materials descriptors to efficiently predict the DSSAs formation ability. To fully optimize the ML model, we develop a multi-algorithm cross-verification approach in combination with the SHapley Additive exPlanations value (SHAP value). We find that the Delta S-C, Lambda, Phi(s), gamma and 1/Omega, corresponding to the former two Hume - Rothery (H - R) rules, are the most important materials descriptors affecting DSSAs formation ability. When the ML model is applied to the 375 uranium-bearing DSSAs, 190 of them are predicted to be the DSSAs never known before. 20 of these alloys were randomly synthesized and characterized. Our predictions are in-line with experiments with 3 inconsistent cases, suggesting that our strategy offers a fast and accurate way to predict novel multi-component alloys with high DSSAs formation ability. These findings shed considerable light on the mapping between the material descriptors and DSSAs formation ability.
12.	Huang, Ketuan, et al. (author) Genetic variants and Expression of Cytochrome p450 Oxidoreductase Predict Postoperative Survival in Patients with Hepatitis B Virus-Related Hepatocellular Carcinoma 2019 In: Journal of Cancer. - : IVYSPRING INT PUBL. - 1837-9664. ; 10:6, s. 1453-1465 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Our current study investigates the prognostic values of genetic variants and mRNA expression of cytochrome p450 oxidoreductase (POR) in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A total of 19 candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the exons of POR were genotyped using Sanger sequencing from 476 HBV-related HCC patients who underwent hepatectomy between 2003 and 2013. The mRNA expression of POR in 212 patients with HBV-related HCC was obtained from GSE14520 dataset. Survival analysis was performed to investigate the association of POR variants and mRNA expression with overall survival (OS) and recurrence-free survival (RFS). Nomograms were used to predict the prognosis of HBV-related HCC patients. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to investigate the mechanism of POR in HBV-related HCC prognosis. The polymorphism POR-rs1057868 was significantly associated with HBV-related HCC OS (CT/TT vs. CC, hazard ratio [HR] = 0.69, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [0.54, 0.88], P = 0.003), but not significantly associated with RFS (CT/TT vs. CC, P = 0.378). POR mRNA expression was also significantly associated with HBV-related HCC OS (high vs. low, HR = 0.61, 95% CI = [0.38, 0.97], P= 0.036), but not significantly associated with the RFS (high vs. low, P = 0.201). Two nomograms were developed to predict the HBV-related HCC OS. Furthermore, GSEA suggests that multiple gene sets were significantly enriched in liver cancer survival and recurrence, as well as POR-related target therapy in the liver. In conclusion, our study suggests that POR-rs1057868 and mRNA expression may serve as a potential postoperative prognosis biomarker in HBV-related HCC.
13.	Huang, Ruijie, et al. (author) Well performance prediction based on Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network 2022 In: Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering. - : Elsevier BV. - 0920-4105 .- 1873-4715. ; 208 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Fast and accurate prediction of well performance continues to play an increasingly important role in development adjustment and optimization. It is now possible to predict performance more accurately using neural networks thanks to the advancement of artificial intelligence. In this study, A Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) neural network model which considered gas injection effect was established to forecast the production performance of a carbonate reservoir in the Middle East. Over 12 years of surveillance data from 17 producers and 11 injectors were selected as the dataset. A correlation analysis was performed to determine the input and output variables of the model before establishing the model. Using historical data from the first 4000 days, the model is trained and validated before it is used to predict the performance of the next 500 days. After that, the calculation results of this model and traditional reservoir numerical simulation (RNS) were compared under the same conditions. The results show that the average error of the LSTM method is 43.75% lower than that of traditional RNS. Moreover, the total CPU time and comprehensive computing power consumption of LSTM method only account for 10.43% and 36.46% of RNS's, respectively. Thus, it is clear that the LSTM approach has a significant advantage when it comes to calculating. In the end, we categorized all 17 producers into three groups based on GOR predictions for the next 500 days, and proposed optimization and adjustment techniques for each type. This study provides a new direction for the application of artificial intelligence in oil and gas development.
14.	Huang, Shan, et al. (author) Dipyridamole enhances the anti-cancer ability of aspirin against colorectal cancer by inducing apoptosis in an unfolded protein response-dependent manner 2023 In: Cellular Oncology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2211-3428 .- 2211-3436. ; 46:4, s. 953-967 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract PURPOSE: Available evidence indicates that dipyridamole enhances the anti-thrombotic effects of aspirin for the prevention of secondary strokes. Aspirin is a well-known non-steroid anti-inflammatory drug. This anti-inflammatory property has turned aspirin into a potential drug for inflammation-related cancers such as colorectal cancer (CRC). Here, we aimed to explore whether the anti-cancer effect of aspirin against CRC could be improved by combined administration with dipyridamole.METHODS: Population-based clinical data analysis was conducted to assess a possible therapeutic effect of combined dipyridamole and aspirin treatment in inhibiting CRC compared with either monotherapy. This therapeutic effect was further verified in different CRC mouse models, i.e. an orthotopic xenograft mouse model, an AOM/DSS mouse model, an Apc min/+ mouse model and a patient derived xenograft (PDX) mouse model. The in vitro effects of the drugs on CRC cells were tested using CCK8 and flow cytometry assays. RNA-Seq, Western blotting, qRT-PCR and flow cytometry were used to identify the underlying molecular mechanisms. RESULTS: We found that dipyridamole combined with aspirin had a better inhibitory effect on CRC than either monotherapy alone. The enhanced anti-cancer effect of the combined use of dipyridamole with aspirin was found to rely on the induction of an overwhelmed endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and subsequent pro-apoptotic unfolded protein response (UPR), which was different from the anti-platelet effect.CONCLUSIONS: Our data indicate that the anti-cancer effect of aspirin against CRC may be enhanced by combined administration with dipyridamole. In case further clinical studies confirm our findings, these may be repurposed as adjuvant agents.
15.	Jiang, Bing-Xin, et al. (author) Fabrication and bonding of In bumps on Micro-LED with 8 μ m pixel pitch 2024 In: ENGINEERING RESEARCH EXPRESS. - 2631-8695. ; 6:2 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Indium (In) is currently used to fabricate metal bumps on micro-light-emitting diode (Micro-LED) chips due to its excellent physical properties. However, as Micro-LED pixel size and pitch decrease, achieving high-quality In bumps on densely packed Micro-LED chips often presents more challenges. This paper describes the process of fabricating In bumps on micro-LEDs using thermal evaporation, highlighting an issue where In tends to grow laterally within the photoresist pattern, ultimately blocking the pattern and resulting in undersized and poorly dense In bumps on the Micro-LED chip. To address this issue, we conducted numerous experiments to study the height variation of In bumps within a range of photoresist aperture sizes (3 mu m -7 mu m) under two different resist thickness conditions (3.8 mu m and 4.8 mu m). The results showed that the resist thickness had a certain effect on the height of In bumps on the Micro-LED chip electrodes. Moreover, we found that, with the photoresist pattern size increasing under constant resist thickness conditions, the height and quality of the bumps significantly improved. Based on this finding, we rationalized the adjustment of the photoresist pattern size within a limited emission platform range to compensate for the height difference of In bumps caused by different resist thicknesses between the cathode and anode regions. Consequently, well-shaped and dense In bumps with a maximum height of up to 4.4 mu m were fabricated on 8 mu m pitch Micro-LED chips. Afterwards, we bonded the Micro-LED chip with indium bumps to the CMOS chip, and we found that we could successfully control the CMOS chip to drive the Micro-LED chip to display specific characters through the Flexible Printed Circuit (FPC). This work is of significant importance for the fabrication of In bumps on Micro-LED chips with pitches below 10 mu m and subsequent bonding processes.
16.	Jin, Ying-Hui, et al. (author) Chemoprophylaxis, diagnosis, treatments, and discharge management of COVID-19 : An evidence-based clinical practice guideline (updated version) 2020 In: Military Medical Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2054-9369. ; 7:1 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of a rapidly spreading illness, coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), affecting more than seventeen million people around the world. Diagnosis and treatment guidelines for clinicians caring for patients are needed. In the early stage, we have issued "A rapid advice guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) infected pneumonia (standard version)"; now there are many direct evidences emerged and may change some of previous recommendations and it is ripe for develop an evidence-based guideline. We formed a working group of clinical experts and methodologists. The steering group members proposed 29 questions that are relevant to the management of COVID-19 covering the following areas: chemoprophylaxis, diagnosis, treatments, and discharge management. We searched the literature for direct evidence on the management of COVID-19, and assessed its certainty generated recommendations using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Recommendations were either strong or weak, or in the form of ungraded consensus-based statement. Finally, we issued 34 statements. Among them, 6 were strong recommendations for, 14 were weak recommendations for, 3 were weak recommendations against and 11 were ungraded consensus-based statement. They covered topics of chemoprophylaxis (including agents and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) agents), diagnosis (including clinical manifestations, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), respiratory tract specimens, IgM and IgG antibody tests, chest computed tomography, chest x-ray, and CT features of asymptomatic infections), treatments (including lopinavir-ritonavir, umifenovir, favipiravir, interferon, remdesivir, combination of antiviral drugs, hydroxychloroquine/chloroquine, interleukin-6 inhibitors, interleukin-1 inhibitors, glucocorticoid, qingfei paidu decoction, lianhua qingwen granules/capsules, convalescent plasma, lung transplantation, invasive or noninvasive ventilation, and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)), and discharge management (including discharge criteria and management plan in patients whose RT-PCR retesting shows SARS-CoV-2 positive after discharge). We also created two figures of these recommendations for the implementation purpose. We hope these recommendations can help support healthcare workers caring for COVID-19 patients.
17.	Kristan, Matej, et al. (author) The Visual Object Tracking VOT2015 challenge results 2015 In: Proceedings 2015 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshops ICCVW 2015. - : IEEE. - 9780769557205 ; , s. 564-586 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract The Visual Object Tracking challenge 2015, VOT2015, aims at comparing short-term single-object visual trackers that do not apply pre-learned models of object appearance. Results of 62 trackers are presented. The number of tested trackers makes VOT 2015 the largest benchmark on short-term tracking to date. For each participating tracker, a short description is provided in the appendix. Features of the VOT2015 challenge that go beyond its VOT2014 predecessor are: (i) a new VOT2015 dataset twice as large as in VOT2014 with full annotation of targets by rotated bounding boxes and per-frame attribute, (ii) extensions of the VOT2014 evaluation methodology by introduction of a new performance measure. The dataset, the evaluation kit as well as the results are publicly available at the challenge website(1).
18.	Li, Guoshuai, et al. (author) Site selection of desert solar farms based on heterogeneous sand flux 2024 In: npj Climate and Atmospheric Science. - 2397-3722. ; 7:1 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Site selection for building solar farms in deserts is crucial and must consider the dune threats associated with sand flux, such as sand burial and dust contamination. Understanding changes in sand flux can optimize the site selection of desert solar farms. Here we use the ERA5-Land hourly wind data with 0.1° × 0.1° resolution to calculate the yearly sand flux from 1950 to 2022. The mean of sand flux is used to score the suitability of global deserts for building solar farms. We find that the majority of global deserts have low flux potential (≤ 40 m3 m-1 y-1) and resultant flux potential (≤ 2.0 m3 m-1 y-1) for the period 1950–2022. The scoring result demonstrates that global deserts have obvious patchy distribution of site suitability for building solar farms. Our study contributes to optimizing the site selection of desert solar farms, which aligns with the United Nations sustainability development goals for achieving affordable and clean energy target by 2030.
19.	Li, Wei, et al. (author) Non-lab and semi-lab algorithms for screening undiagnosed diabetes : A cross-sectional study 2018 In: EBioMedicine. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 2352-3964. ; 35, s. 307-316 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Background: The terrifying undiagnosed rate and high prevalence of diabetes have become a public emergency. A high efficiency and cost-effective early recognition method is urgently needed. We aimed to generate innovative, user-friendly nomograms that can be applied for diabetes screening in different ethnic groups in China using the non-lab or noninvasive semi-lab data. Methods: This multicenter, multi-ethnic, population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in eight sites in China by enrolling subjects aged 20-70. Sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics were collected. Blood and urine samples were obtained 2 h following a standard 75 g glucose solution. In the final analysis, 10,794 participants were included and randomized into model development (n - 8096) and model validation (n = 2698) group with a ratio of 3:1. Nomograms were developed by the stepwise binary logistic regression. The nomograms were validated internally by a bootstrap sampling method in the model development set and externally in the model validation set. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to assess the screening performance of the nomograms. Decision curve analysis was applied to calculate the net benefit of the screening model. Results: The overall prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes was 9.8% (1059/10794) according to ADA criteria. The non-lab model revealed that gender, age, body mass index, waist circumference, hypertension, ethnicities, vegetable daily consumption and family history of diabetes were independent risk factors for diabetes. By adding 2 h post meal glycosuria qualitative to the non-lab model, the semi-lab model showed an improved Akaike information criterion (AIC: 4506 to 3580). The AUC of the semi-lab model was statistically larger than the non-lab model (0.868 vs 0.763, P < 0.001). The optimal cutoff probability in semi-lab and non-lab nomograms were 0.088 and 0.098, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity were 76.3% and 81.6%, respectively in semi-lab nomogram, and 72.1% and 673% in non-lab nomogram at the optimal cut off point. The decision curve analysis also revealed a bigger decrease of avoidable OGTT test (52 per 100 subjects) in the semi-lab model compared to the non-lab model (36 per 100 subjects) and the existed New Chinese Diabetes Risk Score (NCDRS, 35 per 100 subjects). Conclusion: The non-lab and semi-lab nomograms appear to be reliable tools for diabetes screening, especially in developing countries. However, the semi-lab model outperformed the non-lab model and NCDRS prediction systems and might be worth being adopted as decision support in diabetes screening in China.
20.	Lin, Jiajie, et al. (author) Wafer-scale heterogeneous integration InP on trenched Si with a bubble-free interface 2020 In: APL Materials. - : AIP Publishing. - 2166-532X. ; 8:5 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Heterogeneous integration of compound semiconductors on a Si platform leads to advanced device applications in the field of Si photonics and high frequency electronics. However, the unavoidable bubbles formed at the bonding interface are detrimental for achieving a high yield of dissimilar semiconductor integration by the direct wafer bonding technology. In this work, lateral outgassing surface trenches (LOTs) are introduced to efficiently inhibit the bubbles. It is found that the chemical reactions in InP-Si bonding are similar to those in Si-Si bonding, and the generated gas can escape via the LOTs. The outgassing efficiency is dominated by LOTs' spacing, and moreover, the relationship between bubble formation and the LOT's structure is well described by a thermodynamic model. With the method explored in this work, a 2-in. bubble-free crystalline InP thin film integrated on the Si substrate with LOTs is obtained by the ion-slicing and wafer bonding technology. The quantum well active region grown on this Si-based InP film shows a superior photoemission efficiency, and it is found to be 65% as compared to its bulk counterpart.
21.	Qin, Linqing, et al. (author) Triplet Acceptors with a D-A Structure and Twisted Conformation for Efficient Organic Solar Cells 2020 In: Angewandte Chemie International Edition. - : WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH. - 1433-7851 .- 1521-3773. ; 59:35, s. 15043-15049 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Triplet acceptors have been developed to construct high-performance organic solar cells (OSCs) as the long lifetime and diffusion range of triplet excitons may dissociate into free charges instead of net recombination when the energy levels of the lowest triplet state (T-1) are close to those of charge-transfer states ((CT)-C-3). The current triplet acceptors were designed by introducing heavy atoms to enhance the intersystem crossing, limiting their applications. Herein, two twisted acceptors without heavy atoms, analogues of Y6, constructed with large pi-conjugated core and D-A structure, were confirmed to be triplet materials, leading to high-performance OSCs. The mechanism of triplet excitons were investigated to show that the twisted and D-A structures result in large spin-orbit coupling (SOC) and small energy gap between the singlet and triplet states, and thus efficient intersystem crossing. Moreover, the energy level of T-1 is close to (CT)-C-3, facilitating the split of triplet exciton to free charges.
22.	Sun, Zhixue, et al. (author) Combined Effects of Thermal Perturbation and In-situ Stress on Heat Transfer in Fractured Geothermal Reservoirs 2021 In: Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering. - : Springer. - 0723-2632 .- 1434-453X. ; 54:5, s. 2165-2181 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract We develop a new fully coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) model to investigate the combined effects of thermal perturbation and in-situ stress on heat transfer in two-dimensional fractured rocks. We quantitatively analyze the influence of geomechanical boundary constraints and initial reservoir temperature on the evolutionary behavior of fracture aperture, fluid flow and heat transfer, and further identify the underlying mechanisms dominating the coupled THM processes. The results reveal that, apart from enhancing normal opening of fractures, the transient cooling effect of thermal front may trigger shear dilations under the anisotropic in-situ stress condition. It is found that the applied in-situ stress tends to impose a strong impact on the spatial and temporal variations of fracture apertures and flow rates, and eventually affect heat transfer. The enhancement of reservoir transmissivity during transient cooling tends to be significantly overestimated if the in-situ stress effect is not incorporated, which may lead to unrealistic predictions of heat extraction performance. Our study also provides physical insights into a fundamental thermo-poroelastic behavior of fractured rocks, where fracture aperture evolution during heat extraction tends to be simultaneously governed by two mechanisms: (1) thermal expansion-induced local aperture enlargement and (2) thermal propagation-induced remote aperture variation (can either increase or decrease). The results from our study have important implications for optimizing heat extraction efficiency and managing seismic hazards during fluid injections in geothermal reservoirs.
23.	Wang, Shuaifeng, et al. (author) A generalized joint pyramid method for removability analysis of rock blocks: Theoretical formulation and numerical implementation 2021 In: Computers and geotechnics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0266-352X .- 1873-7633. ; 132, s. 103972-103972 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The traditional Block Theory divides a concave block into a finite number of convex sub-blocks before the removability analysis, and deals with the removability and kinematics independently, which are computationally inefficient. This paper proposes a new concept of removable domain, based on which a generalized joint pyramid (GJP) method is established to overcome the aforementioned limitations. The translational removability analysis of convex and concave blocks can be unified through GJP based on the fact that concave regions have no contribution to the removability and can thus be omitted accordingly, avoiding partition of concave blocks into convex sub-blocks. To achieve this, joints are classified as essential joints and redundant joints. Only essential joints are considered in kinematics analysis as the block will not penetrate the rock mass when sliding along the essential joints, and its motion changes once the essential joints are altered. Thereby, the number of joint planes in the removability analysis and the number of possible motion modes that need to be assessed in the kinematics analysis can be significantly reduced. The GJP method was implemented in the stereo-analytical method and its efficiency and effectiveness in the removability and kinematics analysis of translational motion were demonstrated through some generic scenarios.
24.	Yuan, Shichen, et al. (author) Balancing Charge Injection via a Tailor-Made Electron-Transporting Material for High Performance Blue Perovskite QLEDs 2023 In: ACS Energy Letters. - : AMER CHEMICAL SOC. - 2380-8195. ; 8:1, s. 818-826 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract One of the great challenges in perovskite quantum dot light-emitting diodes (Pe-QLEDs) is the unbalanced charge injection that significantly hinders the device performance and stability. Herein, we tailor-made a high mobility electron-transporting material (ETM), named B2, to balance the carrier injection in blue Pe-QLEDs. B2 with a tailored asymmetric anthracenyl structure exhibits a promising electron mobility of 2.7 x 10(-4) cm(2)center dot V-1 center dot s(-1), which is almost 20 times higher than the commonly used ETM-TPBi (1.1 x 10(-5) cm(2)center dot V-1 center dot s(-1)). Subsequently, sky blue (490 nm) Pe-QLED with B2 as the ETM presented a remarkably high external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 13.17% and a low turn-on voltage of 2.2 V, which is much better than that of the TPBi-based device (EQE of 8.31% and Vturn-on of 3.2 V). In addition, B2 also demonstrated a universal application in green and deep blue Pe-QLEDs. This work provides an important guidance to rational design of high electron mobility ETMs for high-performance LEDs.
25.	Zeng, Yijin, et al. (author) Numerical simulation of fluid injection-induced fault slip in heterogeneous shale formations 2021 In: Computers and geotechnics. - : Elsevier BV. - 0266-352X .- 1873-7633. ; 134, s. 104120-104120 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract We study the impact of reservoir heterogeneity on fault slip in shale reservoirs subject to hydraulic stimulation. We construct a two-dimensional numerical model representing the horizontal cross-section of a faulted heterogeneous shale formation and simulate coupled hydro-mechanical processes in the system during and after high-pressure fluid injection. We conceptualize the natural fault as a geological composite consisting of a fault core and a damage zone that involves a set of subsidiary fractures parallel to the fault strike. We couple the solid deformation and fault displacement with the Darcy flow based on poro-elasticity principles and hydro-mechanical constitutive relations. The heterogeneous nature of the permeability field of the shale reservoir is mimicked as a random field governed by a log-normal probability density function and prescribed correlation lengths. We elucidate the linkage between fault slip and fluid flow field, permitting the capture of the spatio-temporal evolution of preferential flow channels and their consequences on fault slip and induced seismicity. We report a significant role of reservoir heterogeneity in fault reactivation when the hydraulic fracture is away from the fault but at a distance smaller than the correlation length. The results of our research have important implications for many fluid injection-related geoengineering activities.

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