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| 11. |
- Adcox, K, et al.
(author)
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PHENIX detector overview
- 2003
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In: Nuclear Instruments & Methods in Physics Research. Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors, and Associated Equipment. - 0167-5087. ; 499:2-3, s. 469-479
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The PHENIX detector is designed to perform a broad study of A-A, p-A, and p-p collisions to investigate nuclear matter under extreme conditions. A wide variety of probes, sensitive to all timescales, are used to study systematic variations with species and energy as well as to measure the spin structure of the nucleon. Designing for the needs of the heavy-ion and polarized-proton programs has produced a detector with unparalleled capabilities. PHENIX measures electron and muon pairs, photons, and hadrons with excellent energy and momentum resolution. The detector consists of a large number of subsystems that are discussed in other papers in this volume. The overall design parameters of the detector are presented. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
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| 12. |
- Aartsen, M. G., et al.
(author)
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Multiwavelength follow-up of a rare IceCube neutrino multiplet
- 2017
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In: Astronomy and Astrophysics. - : EDP SCIENCES S A. - 0004-6361 .- 1432-0746. ; 607
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- On February 17, 2016, the IceCube real-time neutrino search identified, for the first time, three muon neutrino candidates arriving within 100 s of one another, consistent with coming from the same point in the sky. Such a triplet is expected once every 13.7 years as a random coincidence of background events. However, considering the lifetime of the follow-up program the probability of detecting at least one triplet from atmospheric background is 32%. Follow-up observatories were notified in order to search for an electromagnetic counterpart. Observations were obtained by Swift's X-ray telescope, by ASAS-SN, LCO and MASTER at optical wavelengths, and by VERITAS in the very-high-energy gamma-ray regime. Moreover, the Swift BAT serendipitously observed the location 100 s after the first neutrino was detected, and data from the Fermi LAT and HAWC observatory were analyzed. We present details of the neutrino triplet and the follow-up observations. No likely electromagnetic counterpart was detected, and we discuss the implications of these constraints on candidate neutrino sources such as gamma-ray bursts, core-collapse supernovae and active galactic nucleus flares. This study illustrates the potential of and challenges for future follow-up campaigns.
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| 13. |
- Reifarth, R., et al.
(author)
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Nuclear astrophysics with radioactive ions at FAIR
- 2016
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In: Journal of Physics: Conference Series. - : IOP Publishing. - 1742-6588 .- 1742-6596. ; 665:1
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The nucleosynthesis of elements beyond iron is dominated by neutron captures in the s and r processes. However, 32 stable, proton-rich isotopes cannot be formed during those processes, because they are shielded from the s-process flow and r-process beta-decay chains. These nuclei are attributed to the p and rp process. For all those processes, current research in nuclear astrophysics addresses the need for more precise reaction data involving radioactive isotopes. Depending on the particular reaction, direct or inverse kinematics, forward or time-reversed direction are investigated to determine or at least to constrain the desired reaction cross sections. The Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) will offer unique, unprecedented opportunities to investigate many of the important reactions. The high yield of radioactive isotopes, even far away from the valley of stability, allows the investigation of isotopes involved in processes as exotic as the r or rp processes.
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| 14. |
- Scandale, Walter, et al.
(author)
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Apparatus to study crystal channeling and volume reflection phenomena at the SPS H8 beamline
- 2008
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In: Review of Scientific Instruments. - : AIP Publishing. - 0034-6748 .- 1089-7623. ; 79:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A high performance apparatus has been designed and built by the H8-RD22 collaboration for the study of channeling and volume reflection phenomena in the interaction of 400 GeVc protons with bent silicon crystals, during the 2006 data taking in the external beamline H8 of the CERN SPS. High-quality silicon short crystals were bent by either anticlastic or quasimosaic effects. Alignment with the highly parallel (8 μrad divergence) proton beam was guaranteed through a submicroradian goniometric system equipped with both rotational and translational stages. Particle tracking was possible by a series of silicon microstrip detectors with high-resolution and a parallel plate gas chamber, triggered by various scintillating detectors located along the beamline. Experimental observation of volume reflection with 400 GeVc protons proved true with a deflection angle of (10.4±0.5) μrad with respect to the unperturbed beam, with a silicon crystal whose (111) planes were parallel to the beam. © 2008 American Institute of Physics.
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| 16. |
- Axfors, Cathrine, et al.
(author)
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Association between convalescent plasma treatment and mortality in COVID-19 : a collaborative systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials
- 2021
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In: BMC Infectious Diseases. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-2334. ; 21:1
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Convalescent plasma has been widely used to treat COVID-19 and is under investigation in numerous randomized clinical trials, but results are publicly available only for a small number of trials. The objective of this study was to assess the benefits of convalescent plasma treatment compared to placebo or no treatment and all-cause mortality in patients with COVID-19, using data from all available randomized clinical trials, including unpublished and ongoing trials (Open Science Framework, ). Methods: In this collaborative systematic review and meta-analysis, clinical trial registries (ClinicalTrials.gov, WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform), the Cochrane COVID-19 register, the LOVE database, and PubMed were searched until April 8, 2021. Investigators of trials registered by March 1, 2021, without published results were contacted via email. Eligible were ongoing, discontinued and completed randomized clinical trials that compared convalescent plasma with placebo or no treatment in COVID-19 patients, regardless of setting or treatment schedule. Aggregated mortality data were extracted from publications or provided by investigators of unpublished trials and combined using the Hartung-Knapp-Sidik-Jonkman random effects model. We investigated the contribution of unpublished trials to the overall evidence. Results: A total of 16,477 patients were included in 33 trials (20 unpublished with 3190 patients, 13 published with 13,287 patients). 32 trials enrolled only hospitalized patients (including 3 with only intensive care unit patients). Risk of bias was low for 29/33 trials. Of 8495 patients who received convalescent plasma, 1997 died (23%), and of 7982 control patients, 1952 died (24%). The combined risk ratio for all-cause mortality was 0.97 (95% confidence interval: 0.92; 1.02) with between-study heterogeneity not beyond chance (I-2 = 0%). The RECOVERY trial had 69.8% and the unpublished evidence 25.3% of the weight in the meta-analysis. Conclusions: Convalescent plasma treatment of patients with COVID-19 did not reduce all-cause mortality. These results provide strong evidence that convalescent plasma treatment for patients with COVID-19 should not be used outside of randomized trials. Evidence synthesis from collaborations among trial investigators can inform both evidence generation and evidence application in patient care.
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| 17. |
- Ivanov, Alexander V., et al.
(author)
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Crystalline cadmium dialkyl phosphorodithioate complexes : synthesis and structural organization as probed by multinuclear C-13, P-31, and Cd-113 CP/MAS NMR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction
- 2007
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In: Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. - 0036-0236 .- 1531-8613. ; 52:10, s. 1595-1602
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The cadmium O,O'-dethyl (I) and O,O'-di-sec-butyl phosphorodithioate (II) complexes have been synthesized and characterized in detail by(13)C, P-31, and Cd-113 CP/MAS NMR. X-ray crystallography shows that complex II has a binuclear molecular structure [Cd-2{S2P(O-s-C4H9)(2)}(4)]. For P-31 and Cd-113 NMR signals, the chemical shift anisotropy delta(aniso) and the asymmetry parameter eta have been calculated. The P-31 NMR signals are assigned to the terminal and bridging ligands in the complexes.
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| 19. |
- Ivanov, M.A., et al.
(author)
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Tetraphenylantimony(V) O,O″-dialkyl dithiophosphates [Sb(C 6H5)4{S2P(OR)2}] (R = s-C4H9, c-C6H11) : synthesis, structures, and 13C and 31P CP/MAS NMR spectra
- 2008
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In: Russian journal of coordination chemistry. - 1070-3284 .- 1608-3318. ; 34:7, s. 527-535
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Tetraphenylantimony(V) O,O′-di-sec-butyl dithiophosphate (I) and tetraphenylantimony(V) O,O′-dicyclohexyl dithiophosphate (II) [Sb(C 6H5)4{S2P(OR)2}] (R = sec-C4H9 or cyclo-C6H11) were obtained. Their structures and spectroscopic properties were studied by X-ray diffraction analysis and 13C and 31P CP/MAS NMR spectroscopy. The dithiophosphate (Dtph) ligands in complexes I and II were found to be coordinated in S-monodentate and S,S′-bidentate fashions, respectively (MAS NMR data). According to X-ray diffraction data, the coordination polyhedron of antimony in molecular structure I is a trigonal bipyramid with unusual monodentate coordination of the Dtph group in the axial position.
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| 20. |
- Scandale, Walter, et al.
(author)
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Deflection of 400GeV/c proton beam with bent silicon crystals at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron
- 2008
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In: Physical Review Special Topics - Accelerators and Beams. - 1098-4402. ; 11:6
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper presents a detailed study of the deflection phenomena of a 400GeV/c proton beam impinging on a new generation of bent silicon crystals; the tests have been performed at the CERN Super Proton Synchrotron H8 beam line. Channeling and volume reflection angles are measured with an extremely precise goniometer and with high resolution silicon microstrip detectors. Volume reflection has been observed and measured for the first time at this energy, with a single-pass efficiency as large as 98%, in good agreement with the simulation results. This efficiency makes volume reflection a possible candidate for collimation with bent crystals at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. © 2008 The American Physical Society.
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| 21. |
- Sharutin, V. V., et al.
(author)
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Tetraphenyl- and tetratolylantimony complexes with N,N-dialkyldithiocarbamate ligands : synthesis, X-ray diffraction analysis, and 13C and 15N CP/MAS NMR studies
- 2006
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In: Russian journal of coordination chemistry. - 1070-3284 .- 1608-3318. ; 32:3:6, s. 87-396
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Crystalline tetraphenylantimony and tetratolylantimony complexes with N,N-dialkyldithiocarbamate ligands [Sb(C6H5)4(S2CNR2)] (R = CH3, C2H5, and C3H7 and R2 = (CH2)6) were synthesized by ligand exchange reactions and studied by 13C and 15N CP/MAS NMR spectroscopy. X-ray diffraction analysis revealed that the complex [Sb(n-CH3-C6H4)4{S2CN(C3H7)2}] exists as the single molecular form, while [Sb(C6H5)4{S2CN(CH2)6}] exists as two molecular conformers. The 13C and 15N signals were assigned to the positions of the atoms in the isomeric structures [Sb(C6H5)4{S2CN(CH2)6}] in terms of different degrees of double bonding in the formally single =N-C(S)S-bond.
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| 22. |
- Ivanov, Alexander V., et al.
(author)
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A comparative study of the structural organization of nickel(II) and copper(II) complexes with dialkyl-substituted and cyclic dithiocarbamate ligands by X-ray single-crystal diffraction, EPR, and CP/MAS C-13 and N-15 NMR
- 2002
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In: Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. - 0036-0236 .- 1531-8613. ; 47:3, s. 410-422
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- X-ray single-crystal diffraction, EPR, and CP/MAS C-13 and N-15 NMR were used for studying the structures and spectral properties of nickel(II) and copper(II) dithiocarbamate complexes [M(S2CNR2)(2)] (R = CH3, C2H5, C3H7, i-C3H7 or R-2 = (CH2)(5), (CH2)(6), (CH2)(4)O). The [CUS4] chromophores in the lattice of nickel(II) complexes have, predominantly, a square-planar structure. The chromophore geometry is somewhat distorted only in bis(morpholinedithiocarbamato)copper(II). Differences in the N-15 NMR isotropic chemical shifts of dialkyldithiocarbamate ligands were interpreted in terms of a unified conceptual approach based on the concept of joint manifestation of the mesomeric effect of dithiocarbamate groups and the inductive effect of alkyl substituents. Experimental NMR (C-13, N-15) signals were assigned to the structural positions of atoms in allowed molecular structures. Refined structural data on [Ni{S2CN(C3H7)(2)}(2)] point to the occurrence of two types of structurally nonequivalent complex molecules; the [Ni(S2CN(CH2)6)2] complex is characterized by the intramolecular nonequivalence of dithiocarbamate ligands.
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| 23. |
- Ivanov, Alexander V., et al.
(author)
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Binding of Au3+ from solutions by nickel(II) and cadmium diisopropyl dithiophosphates: MAS P-31 NMR, structure and thermal behavior of the polynuclear complex [Au-2{S2P(O-iso-C3H7)(2)}(2)] (n)
- 2012
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In: Russian journal of coordination chemistry. - 1070-3284 .- 1608-3318. ; 38:6, s. 430-439
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The paper deals with reactions of freshly precipitated diisopropyl dithiophosphate (Dtph) complexes of nickel(II), [Ni{S2P(O-iso-C3H7)(2)}(2)] and cadmium, [Cd-2{S2P(O-iso-C3H7)(2)}(4)], with the [AuCl4](-) in 2M HCl, resulting in gold transition from the solution to the precipitate as polymeric gold(I) diisopropyl dithiophosphate. The reduction of gold(III) to gold(I) noted in both cases is due to oxidation of the relevant part of the Dtph group to bis(O,O'-di-(iso)-propoxythiophosphoryl) disulfide, (iso-C3H7O)(2)P(S)S-S(S)P(O-iso-C3H7)(2). The polynuclear gold(I) complex [Au-2{S2P(O-iso-C3H7)(2)}(2)] (n) (I) was isolated on a preparative scale from the chemisorption system and studied by MAS P-31 NMR and X-ray diffraction. The key structural unit of I is the non-centrosymmetric binuclear molecule [Au-2{S2P(O-iso-C3H7)(2)}(2)] in which the gold atoms are connected by two bridging Dtph groups. The structure contains two types of non-equivalent binuclear molecules related as conformational isomers. Owing to the relatively weak Au-Au contacts, the neighboring binuclear [Au-2{S2P(O-iso-C3H7)(2)}(2)] molecules are involved in an infinite polymeric chain with conformer alternation along the chain. To elucidate the conditions for the recovery of bound gold(I), the precipitates formed in the sorption systems were studied by simultaneous thermal analysis under argon. As the final product, thermolysis gives reduced metallic gold. The ability of dithiophosphate complexes to bind gold from a solution is much lower than that of dithiocarbamate complexes, which is due to oxidation of some Dtph groups to disulfide.
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| 24. |
- Ivanov, Alexander V., et al.
(author)
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Chemisorption Synthesis of the Ion-Polymeric Heteronuclear Gold(III)-Bismuth(III) Complex ([Au{S2CN(C3H7)2}2]3[Bi2Cl9])n Based on [Bi2{S2CN(C3H7)2}6]: 13C MAS NMR, Supramolecular Structure, and Thermal Behavior
- 2018
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In: Russian journal of coordination chemistry. - : Springer. - 1070-3284 .- 1608-3318. ; 44:8, s. 518-531
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Chemisorption synthesis on the basis of the binuclear compound [Bi2{S2CN(C3H7)2}6] (I) and preparative isolation of the ion-polymeric heteronuclear gold(III)-bismuth(III) complex ([Au{S2CN(C3H7)2}2]3[Bi2Cl9])n (II) are carried out. Compounds I and II are characterized in comparison by IR spectroscopy and 13C CP-MAS NMR. According to the X-ray diffraction analysis data (CIF file CCDC no. 1407705), the cationic moiety of compound II exhibits an unusually complicated supramolecular structure including six isomeric noncentrosymmetric complex cations [Au{S2CN(C3H7)2}2]+ (hereinafter A-F) and two binuclear anions [Bi2Cl9]3- as conformers. The isomeric gold(III) cations perform various structural functions. Owing to pair secondary interactions Au···S, cations B, C, E, and F form centrosymmetric ([E···E], [F···F]) and noncentrosymmetric ([B···C]) binuclear aggregates [Au2{S2CN(C3H7)2}4]2+, whereas cations A and D are not involved in dimerization. The strongest secondary Au···S bonds are formed between the binuclear and mononuclear cations, resulting in the formation of supramolecular cation-cationic polymer chains of two types: (⋅⋅⋅A⋅⋅⋅[B⋅⋅⋅C]⋅⋅⋅A⋅⋅⋅[B⋅⋅⋅C]⋅⋅⋅)n and (D⋅⋅⋅[E⋅⋅⋅E]⋅⋅⋅D⋅⋅⋅[F⋅⋅⋅F]⋅⋅⋅])n. In both chains, the gold atoms of the binuclear cations are characterized by a distorted octahedral coordination [S6], whereas in the mononuclear cations the gold atoms retain the square environment [S4]. The cation-anionic interactions are provided by secondary bonds Cl⋅⋅⋅S involving the terminal chlorine atoms of isomeric [Bi2Cl9]3- and the sulfur atoms of the binuclear cations [Au2{S2CN(C3H7)2}4]2+. The character of the thermal behavior of compounds I and II is studied by simultaneous thermal analysis with the identification of intermediate and final products of the thermal transformations. The thermolysis of compound I at 193-320°C is accompanied by the formation of Bi2S3 with an impurity of reduced metallic bismuth particles. The final products of the thermal transformations of compound II are reduced elemental gold and Bi2O3, and the thermal transformation intermediates are BiCl3 and Bi2S3.
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| 25. |
- Ivanov, M.A., et al.
(author)
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Synthesis, structure, and 13C and 31P CP/MAS NMR of the tetraphenylantimony(V) di-iso-propyl phosphorodithioate complex [Sb(C6H5)4{S2P(O-iso-C3H7)2}] and its solvated form [Sb(C6H5)4{S2P(O-iso-C3H7)2}] · 1/2C6H6 : an example of the monodentate coordination of dithio ligands
- 2009
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In: Russian Journal of Inorganic Chemistry. - 0036-0236 .- 1531-8613. ; 54:5, s. 708-716
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The crystalline tetraphenylantimony(V) O,O′-di-iso-propyl phosphorodithioate complex [Sb(C6H5)4{S2P(O-i-C3H7)2}](I) and its solvated form [Sb(C6H5)4{S2P(O-i-C3H7)2}] · 1/2C6H6(II) were synthesized. Solid compounds I and II were studied by MAS NMR (13C, 31P). The 31P NMR chemical shift anisotropy 31P δaniso = (δ zz - δiso) and asymmetry parameter η = (δ yy - δ xx )/(δ zz - δiso) were calculated using χ 2 plots constructed on the basis of the 31P MAS NMR data. The O,O′-di-iso-propyl phosphorodithioate ligands in both complexes are characterized by predominantly the axially symmetric 31P chemical shift tensor (for the case δ zz < δ xx ≈ δ yy ) with close values of anisotropy parameters (δaniso and η), which reflects their identical S-monodentate structural function. X-ray crystallography showed that II has a trigonal-bipyramidal molecular structure with the uncommon monodentate coordination of the Dtph ligands through an S atom in an axial position of the trigonal bipyramid and the benzene molecule in the outer sphere.
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