| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Chylenski, Maciej, et al.
(author)
-
Patrilocality and hunter-gatherer-related ancestry of populations in East-Central Europe during the Middle Bronze Age
- 2023
-
In: Nature Communications. - : Springer Nature. - 2041-1723. ; 14
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The demographic history of East-Central Europe after the Neolithic period remains poorly explored, despite this region being on the confluence of various ecological zones and cultural entities. Here, the descendants of societies associated with steppe pastoralists form Early Bronze Age were followed by Middle Bronze Age populations displaying unique characteristics. Particularly, the predominance of collective burials, the scale of which, was previously seen only in the Neolithic. The extent to which this re-emergence of older traditions is a result of genetic shift or social changes in the MBA is a subject of debate. Here by analysing 91 newly generated genomes from Bronze Age individuals from present Poland and Ukraine, we discovered that Middle Bronze Age populations were formed by an additional admixture event involving a population with relatively high proportions of genetic component associated with European hunter-gatherers and that their social structure was based on, primarily patrilocal, multigenerational kin-groups. By analysing 91 Bronze Age genomes from East-Central Europe, the authors discovered that Middle Bronze Age populations were formed by an admixture event involving hunter-gatherers and that the social structure of resulting population was primarily patrilocal.
|
|
| 3. |
- Borglin, Gunilla, et al.
(author)
-
Older people in Sweden with various degrees of present quality of life : their health, social support, everyday activities and sense of coherence.
- 2006
-
In: Health & Social Care in the Community. - : Blackwell Publishing. - 0966-0410 .- 1365-2524. ; 14:2, s. 136-146
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Public health policies in most European countries are concerned with how to keep older people living independently with a qualitatively good life in the community as long as possible. However, knowledge about what may characterise those seemingly 'healthy' older people is sparse. The aim of the study was to investigate the characteristics of a sample of people (75+) reporting various degrees of Quality of Life (QoL) with respect to QoL in different areas, as well as self-rated health, health problems, social support, everyday activities and sense of coherence. A postal questionnaire was sent out in spring 2001 to a randomly selected population-based sample (n= 600) in the southern parts of Sweden. A two-step cluster analysis was performed (n= 385, mean age 84.6, SD = 5.7) with 'present QoL' as clustering attribute. Three groups were disclosed, classified as high, intermediate and low present QoL, of which 33.8% could be regarded being at risk of low QoL. Those with low present QoL (18.4%) were the oldest and most vulnerable, a majority were women with 'poor or bad' self-rated health, high frequencies of health problems, low total QoL, low social support and sense of coherence and less physically active. Those with high present QoL (47.8%) reported more 'excellent or good' self-rated health, physical activity, satisfactory social support and higher sense of coherence and total QoL than the other two groups. Those with intermediate present QoL (33.8%) had more of 'poor or bad' self-rated health, more health problems were less physically active, had lower total QoL and sense of coherence, and less social support than those with high present QoL. The sample seemed to reflect the ageing process in that the respondents were at different stages of ageing. However, the fact that the level of social support, sense of coherence and self-rated health followed the same curve as QoL may indicate that some are more vulnerable to low present QoL given the same health and these should be targeted in preventive programmes since they report low QoL.
|
|
| 4. |
- Christiansson, Anna, et al.
(author)
-
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers in aircraft cabins - A source of human exposure?
- 2008
-
In: Chemosphere. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-1298 .- 0045-6535. ; 73:10, s. 1654-1660
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Commercial aircrafts need a high degree of fire protection for passenger safety. Brominated flame retardants (BFRs), including polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), may be used for this purpose. Because PBDEs readily absorb to dust particles, aircraft crew and passengers may receive significant PBDEs exposure via inhalation. The aims of this work were to assess whether PBDEs could be found in aircraft cabin dust and whether serum levels of PBDEs increased in passengers after long-distance flights. Hence nine subjects on intercontinental flights collected cabin dust samples, as well as donated blood samples before departure and after return to Sweden. Two subjects who were domestic frequent flyers were also investigated. The levels of PBDEs in dust and serum were determined by GC/MS in electron capture negative ionization (ECNI) mode. Authentic reference substances were used for identification and quantitation. PBDEs were found in all aircraft dust samples at high concentrations, higher than in common household dust. Congener patterns indicated that the technical products PentaBDE, OctaBDE and DecaBDE were used in the aircrafts. Serum concentrations in the travellers were similar to those observed in Swedish residents in general. Post-travel serum levels of BDE-28. BDE-99, BDE-100, BDE-153, and BDE-154 were significantly higher(p<0.05) than concentrations prior to travel. The findings from this pilot study call for investigations of occupational exposures to PBDEs in cabin and cockpit crews. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 5. |
- Condelius, Anna, Universitetslektor, 1976-, et al.
(author)
-
Hospital admissions among people 65+ related to multimorbidity, municipal and outpatient care
- 2008
-
In: Archives of gerontology and geriatrics (Print). - Shannon : Elsevier. - 0167-4943 .- 1872-6976. ; 46:1, s. 41-55
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This study aimed at examine the number of planned and acute hospital admissions during 1 year among people 65+ and its relation to municipal care, outpatient care, multimorbidity, age and sex. Four thousand nine hundred and seven individuals having one or more admissions during 2001 were studied. Data were collected from two registers and comparisons were made between those having one, two and three or more hospital stays and between those with and without municipal care and services. Linear regression was used to examine factors predicting number of acute and planned admissions. Fifteen percent of the sample had three or more hospital stays (range 3-15) accounting for 35% of all admissions. This group had significantly more contacts in outpatient care with physician (median number of contacts (md)=15), compared to those with one (md: 8), or two admissions (md: 11). Main predictors for number of admissions were number of diagnosis groups and number of contacts with physician in outpatient care. Those who are frequently admitted to hospital constitute a small group that consume a great deal of inpatient care and also tend to have frequent contacts in outpatient care. Thus interventions focusing on frequent admissions are needed, and this requires collaboration between outpatient and hospital care. © 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.
|
|
| 6. |
- Condelius, Anna, Universitetslektor, 1976-, et al.
(author)
-
Utilization of medical healthcare among people receiving long-term care at home or in special accommodation
- 2010
-
In: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences. - Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 0283-9318 .- 1471-6712. ; 24:2, s. 404-413
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Aim: To investigate the utilization of medical healthcare, hospital care and outpatient care, during a 1-year period in relation to informal care, multimorbidity, functional status and health complaints and to long-term care at home or in special accommodation among people aged 65+, with one or more hospital admissions and receiving long-term care.Method: A total of 694 people receiving long-term care during the year 2001 were studied. Data were collected by means of the administrative registers Patient Administrative Support in Skåne and PrivaStat and through the study Good Ageing in Skåne. Those at home and those in special accommodation were compared regarding utilization of medical healthcare, informal care, multimorbidity, functional status and health complaints. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed using at home vs. in special accommodation as the dependent variable and also two multiple linear regression analyses using the number of hospital stays and the number of contacts with the physician in outpatient care separately as dependent variables.Findings: Those at home were significantly younger (mean age: 81 vs. 84 years) and less dependent in personal and instrumental activities of daily living (PADL/IADL) than those in special accommodation. A larger proportion of those at home was admitted to hospital three times or more (21 vs. 14%) and they had significantly more contacts with physicians in outpatient care (md: 10 vs. md: 7). Informal care was associated with care at home (OR = 0.074) and with utilization of outpatient care (B = 2.045). Dependency in PADL was associated with care in special accommodation (OR = 1.375) and with utilization of hospital care (B = -0.060) and outpatient care (B = -0.581).Conclusion: Medical healthcare seems more accessible to those who live at home are younger, less dependent and who have access to informal caregivers.© 2009 Condelius et al. Journal compilation © 2009 Nordic College of Caring Science
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
- Fritz, Michael, et al.
(author)
-
Prostaglandin-dependent modulation of dopaminergic neurotransmission elicits inflammation-induced aversion in mice
- 2016
-
In: Journal of Clinical Investigation. - : AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC. - 0021-9738 .- 1558-8238. ; 126:2, s. 695-705
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Systemic inflammation causes malaise and general feelings of discomfort. This fundamental aspect of the sickness response reduces the quality of life for people suffering from chronic inflammatory diseases and is a nuisance during mild infections like common colds or the flu. To investigate how inflammation is perceived as unpleasant and causes negative affect, we used a behavioral test in which mice avoid an environment that they have learned to associate with inflammation-induced discomfort. Using a combination of cell-type-specific gene deletions, pharmacology, and chemogenetics, we found that systemic inflammation triggered aversion through MyD88-dependent activation of the brain endothelium followed by COX1-mediated cerebral prostaglandin E-2 (PGE(2)) synthesis. Further, we showed that inflammation-induced PGE(2) targeted EP1 receptors on striatal dopamine D1 receptor-expressing neurons and that this signaling sequence induced aversion through GABA-mediated inhibition of dopaminergic cells. Finally, we demonstrated that inflammation-induced aversion was not an indirect consequence of fever or anorexia but that it constituted an independent inflammatory symptom triggered by a unique molecular mechanism. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that PGE(2)-mediated modulation of the dopaminergic motivational circuitry is a key mechanism underlying the negative affect induced by inflammation.
|
|
| 9. |
- Jakobsson, Anna, et al.
(author)
-
Competition for pollinators between invasive and native plants : Effects of spatial scale of investigation (note)
- 2009
-
In: Ecoscience. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1195-6860. ; 16:1, s. 138-141
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this study we show that spatial scale of investigation affects the estimated strength of competition for pollinators between an invasive and a native plant species. The effect of the invasive herb Oxalis pes-caprae on pollinator visits to the native herb Diplotaxis erucoides was studied when the invader was (1) totally present, (2) present on a large scale (of hectares) but absent on a small scale (of square metres), and (3) totally absent. No difference in number of pollinator visits to D. erucoides was found between treatment 1 and 3, i.e., between total presence and total absence of the invader. However, when the invader was removed in the small scale while still remaining in the large scale, a higher number of visits to the native was recorded. Our study thus shows the importance of incorporating multiple spatial scales to allow for investigation of hierarchical effects on competition for pollinators, and it suggests that small-scale studies of effects of invasive plants on pollinator visitation might risk overstating negative effects of the invader.
|
|
| 10. |
- Jakobsson, Anna, et al.
(author)
-
Pollen transfer from invasive Carpobrotus spp. to natives - a study of pollinator behaviour and reproduction success
- 2008
-
In: Biological Conservation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0006-3207 .- 1873-2917. ; 141:1, s. 136-145
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The influence of invasive plant species on native community composition is well-documented, but less is known about underlying mechanisms. Especially scarce is knowledge about effects on biotic interactions such as relationships between native plants and their pollinators. In this study we investigate if pollen transfer from the invasive and highly pollen productive Carpobrotus spp. affects seed production and/or seed quality in three native species. We monitored pollinator movements and pollen loads on pollinators and native stigmas, and in a field pollination experiment we investigated the effect of invasive pollen on reproduction. Invasive pollen adhered to pollinators, pollinators switched from Carpobrotus spp. to natives, invasive pollen was transferred to native stigmas, and it affected seed production in one species. Although all possible steps for interference with seed production were found to be qualitatively taken, invasive pollen has probably little impact on the native community because the frequency of invasive pollen transfer to natives was low. However, pollination interactions may change with plant abundance and our study provides evidence that pollen transfer from Carpobrotus spp. to natives does occur and have the potential to affect seed production. We found the species identity of shared pollinators to be of importance, higher flower constancy and lower capacity of pollen adherence are likely to result in less invasive pollen transfer.
|
|
| 11. |
- Jakobsson, Anna, et al.
(author)
-
Tomarps trädgård och dess vattenanläggningar : ett tvärvetenskapligt trädgårdshistoriskt projekt
- 2012
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Rapporten utgör ett reslutat av ett partnerskapsprojekt inom Movium Partnerskap, som pågått mellan maj och dec 2011. Projektansvarig har varit Anna Jakobsson, SLU Alnarp. Projektet har finansierats av många olika aktörer, framför allt Movium Partnerskap med Statens Fastighetsverk och Åstorps kommun som huvudpartners, men även med bidrag från Kvidinge sockens Hembygdsförening och Intresseföreningen Tomarps Kungsgårds vänner. Resultaten presenterades på Tomarp 30 januari 2012. Arbetet har bestått av tre olika steg: En arkiv- kart- och litteraturstudie om/av Tomarps vattenanläggningar som helhet. En georadarundersökning av beteshagen (en del av Stora Trädgården). En trädgårdsarkeologisk analys baserad på de båda första studierna. I juni inventerades först Stora Trädgårdens/beteshagens växtlighet (av Boel Persson och Anna Jakobsson) och den visade att hela området var mer eller mindre fuktigt. När inventeringen var klar slåttrades ytan i början av juli. Allt hö togs bort för att få en jämn yta och därefter genomfördes undersökningen av Anders Biwall och Jane Jansen på RAÄs arkeologiska uppdragsverksamhet, i två dagar i juli 2011. Från maj och fram till september/november 2011 genomfördes arkiv-, kart- och litteraturstudien av Boel Persson, SLU Alnarp. När georadarmätningens resultat var sammanställda av Anders Biwall utfördes en trädgårdsarkeologisk analys av arkeologen Anna Andréasson på ArchaeoGarden. Sammandrag av alla delstudier går att läsa i rapportens förord. Arkiv- kart och litteraturstudien visar att antalet dammar över hela egendomen var som flest 26 stycken i slutet av 1600-talet och flera av dem var fiskdammar innehållande karp och ruda. Det går inte att spåra exakt var dammarna har legat i Stora Trädgården utifrån arkiven och kartorna, men på andra platser i anläggningen går dammar att hitta i kartmaterial och i illustrationer, som t ex dammarna söder om mangårdsbyggnaden och olika dammar i landskapet utanför själva trädgården. Dammarna har haft en fiskodlingsfunktion, men sannolikt inte till avsalu utan snarare för självhushållning. De verkar även ha haft en prydnadsfunktion i trädgården, förutom den praktiska funktionen att de dränerade trädgården från vatten så den gick att plantera. De sista dammarna i Stora Trädgården lades igen i slutet av 1800-talet. De förändringar som gjordes, utfördes i samband med byte av boställesinnehavare, vilka var många under perioden 1660-1880-talet. Konstruktionen och djupet på dammarna går inte att spåra i arkiven, mer än att några av dem varit stensatta. Men det finns avbildningar från mönsterböcker under 1800-talet, tillexempel Kungliga patriotiska sällskapets hushållningsjournal, som kan utgöra en ledtråd till konstruktionen.De två dammar som finns kvar söder om huvudbyggnaden är från slutet av 1600-talet och var stensatta senast i mitten av 1700-talet. Undersökningen med georadar visar ett flertal strukturer på olika djup i Stora Trädgården på Tomarp. Strukturerna har bland annat tolkats till att utgöra dammar, trädgårdsgångar, murar och dräneringskanaler. Det är också möjligt att se hur mycket jord som lagts på under olika tidsperioder. Resultatet av undersökningen med georadar kompletterar arkiv- och kartstudierna och samspelar/bekräftar vegetationsinventeringen så till vida att ett par ytor med konstaterade dammstrukturer är bevuxna av fuktälskande växter. De ytor med strukturer som visar dränering stämmer också med vegetationsinventeringen, där dräneringar syns leda ifrån ytorna med extra fuktälskande växter. I en vidare tolkning av Tomarps trädgårdars historia hade resultaten från arkivstudierna, vegetationsinventeringen och georadarundersökningen inte kunnat stå var för sig. Projektet har visat att de verkligen kompletterar varandra. I fortsatta undersökningar kommer både georadarundersökningen och arkivstudierna vara viktiga för att veta var det är lämpligt att eventuellt utföra arkeologiska ut- eller provgrävningar på Tomarp. Projektet kan ses som en liten del av Tomarps trädgårdshistoriska pussel. Många bitar väntar på att bli upptäckta och andra bitar väntar på att passas in. En arkeologisk undersökning av olika punkter i Stora Trädgården är kanske en bit som står på tur men i skri-vande stund är det oklart när den biten kan prövas. Tills dess finns dokumenten sammanställda och lämningarna under mark ligger kvar, som vittnesmål om Tomarps trädgårdar och dess vattenanläggningar.
|
|
| 12. |
- Johnsson, Anna, 1975, et al.
(author)
-
Bioligand-mediated partitioning of radionuclides to the aqueous phase
- 2008
-
In: Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0236-5731 .- 1588-2780. ; 277:3, s. 637-644
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aqueous-phase partitioning of 59Fe, 147Pm, 234Th and 241Am by complexing compounds from subsurface bacteria has previously been studied in the presence of quartz sand. In this study the aqueous-phase partitioning of pico- to submicromolar amounts of 59Fe, 147Pm, 234Th and 241Am was analyzed in the presence of TiO2 and exudates from three species of subsurface bacteria: Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas stutzeri, and Shewanella putrefaciens. All were grown under aerobic conditions and P. stutzeri and S. putrefaciens were grown under anaerobic conditions as well. The supernatants of the aerobic and anaerobic cultures were collected and radionuclide was added. TiO2, with BET surface area of 49.9 m2·g-1, was added to the supernatant radionuclide mix, and the pH was adjusted to approximately 8. After incubation, the amount of radionuclide in the liquid phase of the samples and controls was analyzed using scintillation method. Two types of values were calculated: solution% = the activity maintained in solution relative to the total activity, and Q-values = the quotient between the activity in samples and the activity in controls. Aerobic supernatants had solution% values between 89% and 100% for 59Fe and between 18 and 43% for 234Th. The solution% values for 241Am and 147Pm were less than 2% overall, but the Q-values were between 34 and 115 times more 241Am in bacterial supernatants than in controls. The corresponding values for 147Pm ranged from 6 to 20 times more than in the control. The solution% values for all elements in the presence of anaerobic supernatants were below 2%, but the Q-values clustered around 7 for 59Fe and ranging from 2 to 29 for 234Th, indicated that anaerobic supernatants partitioned these elements to the aqueous phase. Both aerobic and anaerobic supernatants tested positive for complexing compounds when analyzed, using the Chrome Azurol S assay. Complexation with excreted organic ligands is most likely the reason for the higher amounts of metals in samples than in the controls. Hence, aerobically and anaerobically excreted organic ligands seem able to influence the mobility of radionuclides in aerobic and anaerobic environments contaminated with these compounds.
|
|
| 13. |
- Juras, Anna, et al.
(author)
-
Maternal genetic origin of the late and final Neolithic human populations from present-day Poland
- 2021
-
In: American Journal of Physical Anthropology. - : Wiley. - 0002-9483 .- 1096-8644. ; 176:2, s. 223-236
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: We aim to identify maternal genetic affinities between the Middle to Final Neolithic (3850-2300 BC) populations from present-day Poland and possible genetic influences from the Pontic steppe.Materials and methods: We conducted ancient DNA studies from populations associated with Zlota, Globular Amphora, Funnel Beaker, and Corded Ware cultures (CWC). We sequenced genomic libraries on Illumina platform to generate 86 complete ancient mitochondrial genomes. Some of the samples were enriched for mitochondrial DNA using hybridization capture.Results: The maternal genetic composition found in Zlota-associated individuals resembled that found in people associated with the Globular Amphora culture which indicates that both groups likely originated from the same maternal genetic background. Further, these two groups were closely related to the Funnel Beaker culture-associated population. None of these groups shared a close affinity to CWC-associated people. Haplogroup U4 was present only in the CWC group and absent in Zlota group, Globular Amphora, and Funnel Beaker cultures.Discussion: The prevalence of mitochondrial haplogroups of Neolithic farmer origin identified in Early, Middle and Late Neolithic populations suggests a genetic continuity of these maternal lineages in the studied area. Although overlapping in time - and to some extent - in cultural expressions, none of the studied groups (Zlota, Globular Amphora, Funnel Beaker), shared a close genetic affinity to CWC-associated people, indicating a larger extent of cultural influence from the Pontic steppe than genetic exchange. The higher frequency of haplogroup U5b found in populations associated with Funnel Beaker, Globular Amphora, and Zlota cultures suggest a gradual maternal genetic influx from Mesolithic hunter-gatherers. Moreover, presence of haplogroup U4 in Corded Ware groups is most likely associated with the migrations from the Pontic steppe at the end of the Neolithic and supports the observed genetic distances.
|
|
| 14. |
- Juras, Anna, et al.
(author)
-
Mitochondrial genomes from Bronze Age Poland reveal genetic continuity from the Late Neolithic and additional genetic affinities with the steppe populations
- 2020
-
In: American Journal of Physical Anthropology. - : Wiley. - 0002-9483 .- 1096-8644. ; 172:2, s. 176-188
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: In this work we aim to investigate the origins and genetic affinities of Bronze Age populations (2,400-1,100 BC) from the region of southern Poland and to trace maternal kinship patterns present in the burials of those populations by the use of complete mitochondrial genomes.Materials and methods: We performed ancient DNA analyses for Bronze Age individuals from present-day Poland associated with the Strzy(z) over dotow culture, the Mierzanowice culture, and the Trzciniec Cultural circle. To obtain complete mitochondrial genomes, we sequenced genomic libraries using Illumina platform. Additionally, hybridization capture was used to enrich some of the samples for mitochondrial DNA. AMS C-14-dating was conducted for 51 individuals to verify chronological and cultural attribution of the analyzed samples.Results: Complete ancient mitochondrial genomes were generated for 80 of the Bronze Age individuals from present-day Poland. The results of the population genetic analyses indicate close maternal genetic affinity between Mierzanowice, Trzciniec, and Corded Ware culture-associated populations. This is in contrast to the genetically more distant Strzy(z) over dotow people that displayed closer maternal genetic relation to steppe populations associated with the preceding Yamnaya culture and Catacomb culture, and with later Scythians. Potential maternal kinship relations were identified in burials of Mierzanowice and Trzciniec populations analyzed in this study.Discussion: Results revealed genetic continuity from the Late Neolithic Corded Ware groups to Bronze Age Mierzanowice and Trzciniec-associated populations, and possible additional genetic contribution from the steppe to the formation of the Strzy(z) over dotow-associated group at the end of 3rd millennium BC. Mitochondrial patterns indicated several pairs of potentially maternally related individuals mostly in Trzciniec-associated group.
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
- Lindgren, Anna, et al.
(author)
-
Traffic exposure associated with allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis in adults. A cross-sectional study in southern Sweden.
- 2009
-
In: International Journal of Health Geographics. - 1476-072X. ; 8:May 6
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: There is conflicting evidence that traffic-related air pollution is a risk factor for allergic conditions. Few studies have investigated this in adults. In adults, a high proportion of asthma, rhinitis and eczema is triggered by non-allergic factors. We investigated traffic as a risk factor for allergic versus non-allergic asthma and rhinitis, and eczema, in adults. A questionnaire from 2000 (n = 9319, 18-77 years) provided individual data about disease outcome and self-reported traffic exposure. Additional exposure assessments were obtained using Geographical Informations Systems (GIS). Residential addresses were linked to the national Swedish Road Database and to a pollutant database with modelled annual means of NOx (Nitrogen Oxids). RESULTS: Living within 100 m from a road with a traffic intensity of >10 cars/min (24 hour mean) was associated with prevalence of current asthma reported to be triggered by allergic factors (OR = 1.83, 95% CI = 1.23-2.72) and with allergic rhinitis (OR = 1.30, 95%CI = (1.05-1.61). No relation was seen with asthma or rhinitis triggered by other factors. Living within 100 m of a road with >10 cars/min was also associated with hand-eczema during the last 12 months (OR = 1.63, 95% CI = 1.19-2.23), but not with allergic eczema or diagnosed hand-eczema. Consistent results were seen using self-reported traffic, but the associations with NOx were less consistent. CONCLUSION: Exposure to traffic was associated with a higher prevalence of allergic asthma and allergic rhinitis, but not with asthma or rhinitis triggered by non-allergic factors. This difference was suggested by the overall pattern, but only clear using GIS-measured traffic intensity as a proxy for traffic exposure. An association was also found with hand-eczema during the last 12 months. We suggest that asthma and rhinitis should not be treated as homogenous groups when estimating effects from traffic in adults.
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
- Lindgren, Anna, et al.
(author)
-
Traffic-related air pollution associated with prevalence of asthma and COPD/chronic bronchitis. A cross-sectional study in Southern Sweden
- 2009
-
In: International Journal of Health Geographics. - 1476-072X. ; 8
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: There is growing evidence that air pollution from traffic has adverse long-term effects on chronic respiratory disease in children, but there are few studies and more inconclusive results in adults. We examined associations between residential traffic and asthma and COPD in adults in southern Sweden. A postal questionnaire in 2000 (n = 9319, 18-77 years) provided disease status, and self-reported exposure to traffic. A Geographical Information System (GIS) was used to link geocoded residential addresses to a Swedish road database and an emission database for NOx. Results: Living within 100 m of a road with > 10 cars/minute (compared with having no heavy road within this distance) was associated with prevalence of asthma diagnosis (OR = 1.40, 95% CI = 1.04-1.89), and COPD diagnosis (OR = 1.64, 95% CI = 1.11-2.4), as well as asthma and chronic bronchitis symptoms. Self-reported traffic exposure was associated with asthma diagnosis and COPD diagnosis, and with asthma symptoms. Annual average NOx was associated with COPD diagnosis and symptoms of asthma and chronic bronchitis. Conclusion: Living close to traffic was associated with prevalence of asthma diagnosis, COPD diagnosis, and symptoms of asthma and bronchitis. This indicates that traffic-related air pollution has both long-term and short-term effects on chronic respiratory disease in adults, even in a region with overall low levels of air pollution.
|
|
| 19. |
- Mooe, Thomas, et al.
(author)
-
The Nurse-Based Age Independent Intervention to Limit Evolution of Disease After Acute Coronary Syndrome (NAILED ACS) Risk Factor Trial : Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
- 2014
-
In: JMIR Research Protocols. - : JMIR Publications Inc.. - 1929-0748. ; 3:3
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Secondary prevention after acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is essential to reduce morbidity and mortality, but related studies have been fairly small or performed as clinical trials with non-representative patient selection. Long-term follow-up data are also minimal. A nurse-led follow-up for risk factor improvement may be effective, but the evidence is limited.OBJECTIVE: The aims of this study are to perform an adequately sized, nurse-led, long-term secondary preventive follow-up with inclusion of an unselected population of ACS patients. The focus will be on lipid and blood pressure control as well as tobacco use and physical activity.METHODS: The study will consist of a randomized, controlled, long-term, population-based trial with two parallel groups. Patients will be included during the initial hospital stay. Important outcome variables are total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, and sitting systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Outcomes will be measured after 12, 24, and 36 months of follow-up. Trained nurses will manage the intervention group with the aim of achieving set treatment goals as soon as possible. The control group will receive usual care. At least 250 patients will be included in each group to reliably detect a difference in mean LDL of 0.5 mmol/L and in mean systolic blood pressure of 5 mmHg.RESULTS: The study is ongoing and recruitment of participants will continue until December 31, 2014.CONCLUSIONS: This study will test the hypothesis that a nurse-led, long-term follow-up after an ACS with a focus on achieving treatment goals as soon as possible is an effective secondary preventive method. If proven effective, this method could be implemented in general practice at a low cost.TRIAL REGISTRATION: International Standard Randomized Controlled Trial Number (ISRCTN): 96595458; http://www.controlled-trials.com/ISRCTN96595458 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6RlyhYTYK).
|
|
| 20. |
- Osvalder, Anna-Lisa, 1961, et al.
(author)
-
Older Children’s Sitting Postures, Behaviour and Comfort Experience during Ride – A Comparison between an Integrated Booster Cushion and a High-Back Booster
- 2013
-
In: Proceedings 2013 IRCOBI Conference, 11-13 September, Gothenburg, Sweden. - 2235-3151. ; , s. 882-885
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Sitting postures and comfort experience were analysed from six children aged 7-9 (131-145 cm) seated on an Integrated Booster Cushion (IBC) and a high-back Booster (hbB) during 1 hour on-road drives respectively. Data was collected from video recordings, questionnaires and interviews. When seated on the IBC the most frequent posture was with the entire back and shoulders against the backrest and the head upright. On the hbB, the shoulders were seldom against the backrest. The most frequent lateral sitting posture for both boosters was upright with the seat belt in contact with the neck or mid-shoulder. Moderate and extreme forward and lateral postures occurred occasionally. A positive attitude was found towards the IBC due to possibilities to move freely, the soft seat cushion and the absence of torso supports, but the short seat cushion created some inconvenience. The hbB was perceived hard, created a locked-in feeling and felt unpleasant due to movements when changing postures. The combination of objective and subjective measures provided valuable information regarding children’s sitting behaviour. It is obvious that children do not always sit as in crash tests. Their activities and perceived discomfort influenced the selection of sitting posture and seat belt positions.
|
|
| 21. |
|
|
| 22. |
- Persson, Erik, et al.
(author)
-
Cultural Relict Plants in the Nordic Region
- 2014
-
In: Sources to the history of gardening : Four interdisciplinary seminars 2010-2013 arranged by the Nordic Network for the Archaeology and Archaeobotany of Gardening - Four interdisciplinary seminars 2010-2013 arranged by the Nordic Network for the Archaeology and Archaeobotany of Gardening. - 9789187117862 ; 2014:25, s. 299-312
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
|
|
| 23. |
- Persson, Erik, et al.
(author)
-
What’s in a name? : Exploring the definition of ‘Cultural Relict Plant’
- 2014
-
In: Sources to the history of gardening : Four Interdisciplinary Seminars 2010–2013 Arranged By the Nordic Network for the Archaeology and Archaeobotany of Gardening (NTAA) - Four Interdisciplinary Seminars 2010–2013 Arranged By the Nordic Network for the Archaeology and Archaeobotany of Gardening (NTAA). - 9789187117862 ; 2014:25, s. 289-298
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
|
|
| 24. |
- Persson, Lena, et al.
(author)
-
Framväxt av en forskningsplattform
- 2013
-
In: Aktionsforskning i vård och omsorg. - Malmö : Gleerups Utbildning AB. ; , s. 173-180
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
|
|
| 25. |
- Rönner, Anna-Clara, 1971-, et al.
(author)
-
“Bacteria are not viruses; viruses are more malicious” - young pupils’ understanding of bacteria and viruses in the aftermath of COVID-19
- 2023
-
In: Journal of Biological Education. - : Taylor & Francis. - 0021-9266 .- 2157-6009.
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Recently, the COVID-19 pandemic impacted immensely on individuals and societies around the world. This study aimed at delineating Swedish middle school (10?12-year-old) pupils? understanding of bacteria and viruses, thereby illustrating the influence of the pandemic at schools and in society. Data was collected by semi-structured, individual interviews and by asking pupils to draw images. Thematic coding of interview transcripts and content analysis of pupils? annotated drawings were used. The morphology of microorganisms from the drawings was often 'corona-like', with a round shape and with protruding parts. Viruses were commonly considered larger than bacteria, but sometimes also similar in size. Interrelationships between bacteria and viruses were expressed with a superior microorganism. Pupils drew microorganisms as cell-like and never portrayed them as animals or with anthropomorphic features. Viruses were considered to cause a more severe disease than bacteria. Pupils seldomly tethered a specific virus to a specific infectious disease, and often named both (virus and disease) 'corona'. However, when they did make a connection, viruses were considered to cause flu and COVID-19, bacteria to cause cold and plague. In general, these results indicate that viruses received a more pronounced position amongst microorganisms in the minds of pupils in the aftermath of COVID-19.
|
|
