| 1. |
- Rydberg Sterner, Therese, et al.
(author)
-
The Gothenburg H70 Birth cohort study 2014-16: design, methods and study population.
- 2019
-
In: European journal of epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-7284 .- 0393-2990. ; 34:2, s. 191-209
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To improve health care for older persons, we need to learn more about ageing, e.g. identify protective factors and early markers for diseases. The Gothenburg H70 Birth Cohort Studies (the H70 studies) are multidisciplinary epidemiological studies examining representative birth cohorts of older populations in Gothenburg, Sweden. So far, six birth cohorts of 70-year-olds have been examined over time, and examinations have been virtually identical between studies. This paper describes the study procedures for the baseline examination of the Birth cohort 1944, conducted in 2014-16. In this study, all men and women born 1944 on specific dates, and registered as residents in Gothenburg, were eligible for participation (n=1839). A total of 1203 (response rate 72.2%; 559 men and 644 women; mean age 70.5years) agreed to participate in the study. The study comprised sampling of blood and cerebrospinal fluid, psychiatric, cognitive, and physical health examinations, examinations of genetics and family history, use of medications, social factors, functional ability and disability, physical fitness and activity, body composition, lung function, audiological and ophthalmological examinations, diet, brain imaging, as well as a close informant interview, and qualitative studies. As in previous examinations, data collection serves as a basis for future longitudinal follow-up examinations. The research gained from the H70 studies has clinical relevance in relation to prevention, early diagnosis, clinical course, experience of illness, understanding pathogenesis and prognosis. Results will increase our understanding of ageing and inform service development, which may lead to enhanced quality of care for older persons.
|
|
| 2. |
- Adman, Per, et al.
(author)
-
171 forskare: ”Vi vuxna bör också klimatprotestera”
- 2019
-
In: Dagens nyheter (DN debatt). - Stockholm. - 1101-2447.
-
Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- DN DEBATT 26/9. Vuxna bör följa uppmaningen från ungdomarna i Fridays for future-rörelsen och protestera eftersom det politiska ledarskapet är otillräckligt. Omfattande och långvariga påtryckningar från hela samhället behövs för att få de politiskt ansvariga att utöva det ledarskap som klimatkrisen kräver, skriver 171 forskare i samhällsvetenskap och humaniora.
|
|
| 3. |
- Bergengren, Oskar, et al.
(author)
-
Changes in lifestyle among prostate cancer survivors: A nationwide population-based study
- 2020
-
In: Psycho-Oncology. - : Wiley. - 1057-9249 .- 1099-1611. ; 29:10
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective Long-term information on lifestyle changes among prostate survivors is lacking. In this nationwide, population-based study we investigated the prevalence of lifestyle changes, factors associated with lifestyle changes and associations between lifestyle changes and general quality of life. Methods All men registered in the National Prostate Cancer Register of Sweden diagnosed in 2008 with low-risk prostate cancer at age 70 years or younger were sent a questionnaire. Logistic regression was used to calculate odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals for factors potentially associated with lifestyle change. Results Out of 1288, 1720 men (75%) were responded. A total of 279 (22%) reported a positive lifestyle change regarding diet or exercise. Poor functional outcomes after treatment was associated with exercising less (OR 1.6, 95% CI 1.2-2.1) and less interest in social activities and relationships (OR 1.8, 95% CI 1.5-2.1). Men who exercised more (OR 7.9, 95% CI 4.4-14) and men who had an increased interest in relationships and social activities (OR 5.2, 95% CI 2.1-13) reported higher general quality of life. Conclusions A considerable proportion of men reported making positive lifestyle changes after the prostate cancer diagnosis. The time after diagnosis may be a teachable moment that facilitates lifestyle interventions. Poor functional outcomes after treatment may reduce the willingness to engage in positive lifestyle change, which need be considered when supporting men after treatment. Men who made a positive lifestyle change, regardless of whether it was exercise or regarding relationships and social activities more often reported a high level of general quality of life.
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
- Enblad, Anna Pia, et al.
(author)
-
PSA testing patterns in a large Swedish cohort before the implementation of organized PSA testing
- 2020
-
In: Scandinavian journal of urology. - : Taylor & Francis. - 2168-1805 .- 2168-1813. ; 54:5, s. 376-381
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Organized PSA testing for asymptomatic men aged 50-74 years will be implemented in Sweden to reduce opportunistic testing in groups who will not benefit. The aim of this study was to describe the opportunistic PSA testing patterns in a Swedish region before the implementation of organized PSA testing programs.Method: We included all men in the Uppsala-orebro health care region of Sweden who were PSA tested between 1 July 2012 and 30 June 2014. Information regarding previous PSA testing, prostate cancer diagnosis, socioeconomic situation, surgical procedures and prescribed medications were collected from population-wide registries to create the Uppsala-orebro PSA cohort (UPSAC). The cohort was divided into repeat and single PSA testers. The background population used for comparison consisted of men 40 years or older, living in the Uppsala-orebro region during this time period.Results: Of the adult male population in the region, 18.1% had undergone PSA testing. Among men over 85 years old 21% where PSA tested. In our cohort, 62.1% were repeat PSA testers. Of men with a PSA level <= 1 mu g/l 53.8% had undergone repeat testing. Prostate cancer was found in 2.7% and 4.8% of the repeat and single testers, respectively.Conclusion: Every fifth man in the male background population was PSA tested. Repeated PSA testing was common despite low PSA values. As repeated PSA testing was common, especially among older men who will not be included in organized testing, special measures to change the testing patterns in this group may be required.
|
|
| 6. |
- Governa, Valeria, et al.
(author)
-
Landscape of surfaceome and endocytome in human glioma is divergent and depends on cellular spatial organization
- 2022
-
In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). - 0027-8424 .- 1091-6490. ; 119:9
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Therapeutic strategies directed at the tumor surfaceome (TS), including checkpoint inhibitor blocking antibodies, antibody drug conjugates (ADCs), and chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells, provide a new armament to fight cancer. However, a remaining bottleneck is the lack of strategies to comprehensively interrogate patient tumors for potential TS targets. Here, we have developed a platform (tumor surfaceome mapping [TS-MAP]) integrated with a newly curated TS classifier (SURFME) that allows profiling of primary 3D cultures and intact patient glioma tumors with preserved tissue architecture. Moreover, TS-MAP specifically identifies proteins capable of endocytosis as tractable targets for ADCs and other modalities requiring toxic payload internalization. In high-grade gliomas that remain among the most aggressive forms of cancer, we show that cellular spatial organization (2D vs. 3D) fundamentally transforms the surfaceome and endocytome (e.g., integrins, proteoglycans, semaphorins, and cancer stem cell markers) with general implications for target screening approaches, as exemplified by an ADC targeting EGFR. The TS-MAP platform was further applied to profile the surfaceome and endocytome landscape in a cohort of freshly resected gliomas. We found a highly diverse TS repertoire between patient tumors, not directly associated with grade and histology, which highlights the need for individualized approaches. Our data provide additional layers of understanding fundamental to the future development of immunotherapy strategies, as well as procedures for proteomics-based target identification and selection. The TS-MAP platform should be widely applicable in efforts aiming at a better understanding of how to harness the TS for personalized immunotherapy.
|
|
| 7. |
- Göransson, Anna, 1970, et al.
(author)
-
Inflammatory response to oxidised surface with Mg 2+ -ions incorporated in vitro
- 2004
-
In: 7th World Biomaterials Congress, Sidney, 17 -21 May 2004.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction Oxide films that grow spontaneously on titanium surfaces in contact with air may explain the bio-passivity of the material. Various procedures have been carried out to modify the properties of titanium oxide films to further improve the biocompatibility. Anodic oxidation is one technique to increase the thickness of the oxide layer that demonstrates significant stronger bone response in vivo. The concomitant increase in surface roughness and size and presence of pores of the thicker oxide layer seems to work as a potential contributor to the results (1). Attempts to implant ion in the oxide layers to overcome the drawbacks of calcium phosphate coatings (hydroxylapatite) such as i.e. delaminating and biodegradation during function seem promising (2). However the reasons why a thicker oxide layer with and without incorporated ions is favourable compared to conventionally turned and blasted surfaces are not fully understood. The aim of this study was to compare the early inflammatory response to the turned, blasted and electrochemically oxidised surface with Mg 2+ ions incorporated. Materials and Methods A total of 108 pure titanium discs were prepared with a turned surface. Thirty-six were kept as turned controls while 36 were blasted with 75 μm Al2O3 particles and 36 underwent electrochemically oxidation and Mg 2+ ion incorporation. MicroXam™, (Phase-Shift, Tucson, Arizona, USA) was used to for topographical characterisation. The disks were incubated with human mononuclear cells isolated from buffy coats of healthy blood donors (C-lab, Blood Supply Unit Sahlgrenska University hospital, Sweden) and cultured at a concentration of 106 cells/ml in 24 well cell culture plates. Half of the discs with the different treated surfaces were immediately treated with LPS while half were left without any stimuli. The incubation times were 24 and 72h. After each incubation period the incubation medium was collected and centrifuged. The supernatant was analysed with respect to cell viability and cytokine levels. Cell viability was estimated by analysing the content of lactatdehydrogenas (LDH)(Sahlgrenska University hospital, C-lab) and a commercially available ELISA assay (Biotrak system™, Amersham Bioscience, UK) was used to quantify TNF-α and IL -10 levels. The cells adherent to the material was stained with 2,6- diamidino-2-phenyindole (DAPI) (Sigma, USA) to evaluate the total cell number. In order to characterize differentiation of the adherent cells expression of 27E10 and RM3/1 (Biogenisis, UK) was used. The marker 27E10 and RM3/1 define acute and chronic inflammatory phenotypes respectively. Differentiated cells were evaluated as the percentage of positively stained cells from the total cell numbers. Results Surface evaluation revealed similar roughness for the turned control and the anodised surface with Mg 2+ ions incorporated while the blasted surface demonstrated a rougher surface profile (fig 1, 2). Fig 1 Fig 2 Sa-average height deviation (ym) SURFACE CTR Blasted Anodised+Mg Mean SA 1,2 1,0 ,8 ,6 ,4 ,2 0,0 Sdr-developed surface area (%) SURFACE CTR Blasted Anodised+Mg Mean SDR 40 30 20 10 0 LDH values were generally low for all surfaces (within the range of 0.8-1.6 μkat/l) but were slightly increased after LPS stimulation and after 72h. TNF-α was transient higher day one and after LPS stimulation especially on the turned control surface (fig 3, 4) Fig 3 Fig 4 TNF-a 24h (pg/ml) SURFACE CTR Blasted Anodised+Mg Mean C 3000 2000 1000 0 LPS LPSLPS+ TNF-a 72h (pg/ml) SURFACE CTR Blasted Anodised+Mg Mean C 400 300 200 100 0 LPS LPSLPS+ IL-10 levels were generally low irrespective of time. Increased IL-10 amounts after LPS stimulation and after 24 h were observed for all surfaces. The total cell numbers decreased on all surfaces from 24h to 72h but there were no major difference between stimulated and un-stimulated wells. Acute monocytic phenotype 27E10 marker dominated on all surfaces while the expression of the chronic RM3/1 marker was almost absent on all surfaces both at 24 and 72h. Conclusion The present study indicates a surface topography- and chemistry related difference in the acute inflammatory response with a stronger acute inflammatory response to the turned control compared to the blasted and anodised surface with Mg 2+ ions incorporated. References 1.Göransson, A, Jansson, E, Tengvall, P, Wennerberg, A. Bone formation after 4 weeks …topography : an in vivo study. Biomaterials 2002; 24: 197-205 2.Sul YT. PhD Thesis 2002, Göteborg University, Sweden
|
|
| 8. |
- Göransson, Anna, 1970, et al.
(author)
-
Inflammatory response to titanium surfaces with with Potential Bioactive Properties: An In Vitro Study
- 2006
-
In: Clinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research. ; 8:4, s. 210-217
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The current hard tissue implants research aims to accelerate bone healing by designing surfaces that are bioactive. However, the role of the inflammatory response to these surfaces is so far incompletely described. Purpose: The aim of the study was to evaluate early inflammatory response in vitro to a potentially bioactive surface—an anodized surface with Mg ions incorporated (anodized/Mg)—and to compare it to a turned, a blasted, and an anodized surface. Materials and Methods: An interferometer was used for topographical characterizations. The disks were incubated with human mononuclear cells. Adherent cells were investigated with respect to number of cells, viability, differentiation, and cytokine production with and without lipopolysaccharide stimulation after 24 and 72 hours. Results: The number of adhered mononuclear cells differed significantly between the different modified surfaces, with the highest number on the anodized surface. However, there were no significant differences in cytokine production and differentiation between the different modified surfaces. The amount of anti-inflammatory mediator interleukin-10 remained over time, while the number of cells and pro-inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-α decreased. The cells were viable on all surfaces, respectively. Conclusion: The anodized surfaces with and without Mg ions showed an increased cell adherence, however, otherwise an inflammatory response similar to the turned and blasted surfaces. Furthermore, the potentially bioactive anodized/Mg surface showed a similar response to the TiUnite-like anodized surface despite the former having a surface roughness of a smoother character.
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
| 11. |
- Levin, Malin, 1973, et al.
(author)
-
Rip2 deficiency leads to increased atherosclerosis despite decreased inflammation.
- 2011
-
In: Circulation research. - 1524-4571. ; 109:11, s. 1210-8
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The innate immune system and in particular the pattern-recognition receptors Toll-like receptors have recently been linked to atherosclerosis. Consequently, inhibition of various signaling molecules downstream of the Toll-like receptors has been tested as a strategy to prevent progression of atherosclerosis. Receptor-interacting protein 2 (Rip2) is a serine/threonine kinase that is involved in multiple nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) activation pathways, including Toll-like receptors, and is therefore an interesting potential target for pharmaceutical intervention.
|
|
| 12. |
- Malmqvist, Carina, et al.
(author)
-
Simplified Postoperative Care After Spring-assisted Strip Craniotomy for Sagittal Synostosis: A Prospective Before-and-After Study.
- 2021
-
In: The Journal of craniofacial surgery. - 1536-3732. ; 32:4, s. 1507-1510
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Since the development of spring-assisted techniques for corrective craniofacial surgery, routine postoperative admission to intensive care units (ICUs) has been questioned. However, close monitoring is necessary if the continuous infusion of morphine is used as recommended for better pain relief. In this study, the authors evaluated a simplified postoperative protocol without continuous morphine infusion and no indwelling urinary catheter following spring-assisted surgery (SAS) for sagittal synostosis. Ten children were cared for according to a standard protocol with postoperative intravenous (i.v.) infusion of morphine and an indwelling urinary catheter, and 11 consecutive children were treated according to a simplified protocol with pain relief based on intermittent injections of morphine and clonidine [according to Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability (FLACC) scores >4] without the indwelling catheter. A Mann-Whitney U test was used for comparison of distributions between the two groups. The results revealed no differences between groups regarding the proportion of FLACC scores >4, total amount of administered i.v. morphine and clonidine, total volume of buffered glucose infused, time to first feeding on breast milk or substitute, or the length of stay. Despite the inherent limitations of our small observational study, the authors concluded that at our institution, it was possible to exclude a standard continuous i.v. infusion of morphine and an indwelling urinary catheter from our postoperative care protocol without decreasing the quality of pain relief in children submitted to SAS for sagittal synostosis. This finding supports downgrading the level of care from the ICU to a regular ward after limited immediate postoperative observation.
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
- Poulikidou, Sofia, 1984, et al.
(author)
-
Impacts on fuel producers and customers of conflicting rules for life cycle assessment
- 2022
-
Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The use of life cycle assessment (LCA) as a tool for estimating the environmental performance of a product or service in a holistic and systematic manner is increasing. Fuel producers may need to apply different methodological frameworks to be used in different contexts; internally for product development activities as well as externally for communication with customers or authorities. Different LCA frameworks may vary in scope, system boundaries (i.e. life cycle stages to be considered) or modelling requirements (such as data demands but also more detailed methodological features). They may also vary in terms of information they can provide in relation to the environmental performance of the product. Those variations could lead to conflicting outcomes and conclusions and may also increase complexity for the LCA practitioner leading to high competence and resource requirements. Within the research project: Impacts on fuel producers and customers of conflicting rules for LCA , the requirements of different LCA frameworks and their implications to fuel producers are investigated. Focus has been given on three specific frameworks that are identified as relevant or potentially relevant for fuel producers, namely: the recast of the EU Renewable Energy Directive (referred to here as RED II), the EU framework for Product Environmental Footprint (PEF), and the framework of Environmental Product Declaration (EPD). The aim of the project is to increase understanding on the different LCA frameworks available and identify whether the multitude of such frameworks gives conflicting recommendations for environmental improvements and fuel choices. The three LCA frameworks listed above were applied in case studies. To illustrate the potential differences that the different frameworks may lead to, a variation of production pathways and feedstocks were selected including first generation as well as advanced biofuels. Based on the results obtained it can be concluded that applying all three frameworks is not a straightforward task. The methods contain fundamental differences and are at different levels of development, maturity, and adoption. In certain situations, they can lead to diverging conclusions as a result of different quantitative outcomes for a specific production pathway, thus influencing decision making processes in different directions. Understanding those differences and underlying assumptions is important for understanding the variations in outcome. The result for a specific fuel could differ substantially depending on the framework applied and the assumptions and interpretations made when applying this framework. Certain methodological parameters were identified to have a greater impact on the results than others: • The three frameworks diverge in the methods applied for modelling waste management, which can be very important for the results when the biofuel is produced from waste. • The frameworks diverge in what approaches are allowed for modelling processes with multiple products. This can be very important for the results when the fuel is co-produced with other products. • The frameworks also diverge in how the electricity supply is modelled. This is not very important for the results in most of our case studies, because the production of these biofuels does not require a lot of electricity. The study confirms that applying a framework like EPD or PEF in addition to RED II would require significant supplementary efforts. Not only because of different rules which were often contradicting or difficult to interpret but also because of additional data and reporting requirements. The need for expertise and resources is increasing for fuel producers to be able to provide EPD and PEF compliant assessments. To enhance the development and harmonization of LCA approaches this project stresses the need for product specific rules (in the form of Product Environmental Category Rules (PEFCR) and Product Category Rules (PCR)) for renewable fuels. Future versions of all three studied frameworks should be clearer on how specific methodological choices are to be applied (e.g., when it comes to allocation and multifunctional processes) as well as when it comes to model electricity supply. RED for example shall be clearer on how to define the electricity region while EPD guidelines on how to define the electricity market. Although it is not realistic to aim for a single unified LCA framework, the biofuel PCR and PEFCR can be developed with RED in mind. Some aspects of the PEF methodology can perhaps also be integrated into RED III that is currently under development. This would enhance the broader adoption of the frameworks among fuel producers. Finally, the involvement and engagement of the industry, and fuel producers themselves is very important. Industry initiatives are essential for the development of biofuel PCR and PEFCR while the general development of the three frameworks can also be influenced. In this study, we also investigated the relationship between the LCA frameworks and schemes for chain of custody certification (CoCC), in particular schemes for mass balance certifications (MBC) to investigate to what extent these schemes complement or overlap with LCA. The purpose of MBC schemes and LCA are different, in the sense that the first aim at verifying the sources and sustainability of total amounts of raw materials used by tracking them throughout the value chain, while the second at quantifying specific environmental impact. The system boundaries are similar, since both cover the entire value chain, but may be applied differently depending on the detailed frameworks applied and choices made in applying the MBC schemes. By identifying and clearly illustrating the variations among the studied frameworks the study enhances application, development, and harmonization of LCA, in a broader perspective, informs LCA practitioners but also decision makers and provides insights on how the identified challenges can be addressed.
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
- Stephen, Divya Anna, 1986-, et al.
(author)
-
Psychosocial Self-efficacy and its Association with Selected Potential Factors Among Adults with Type 1 Diabetes : A Cross-Sectional Survey Study
- 2024
-
In: Diabetes Therapy. - : Springer. - 1869-6953 .- 1869-6961. ; 15:6, s. 1361-1373
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction The management of type 1 diabetes, a non-preventable chronic disease, leads to a high physical and psychological burden on the individual. Digital health technology can improve a person's psychosocial self-efficacy and thereby contribute to improved diabetes self-care. The aim of this study was to explore associations between psychosocial self-efficacy and demographic-, disease specific-, well-being as well as digital health technology (DHT) related factors among adults with type 1 diabetes.Methods A primarily web-based cross sectional survey was conducted among adults with type 1 diabetes in Sweden (n = 301). Psychosocial self-efficacy was assessed using the Swedish version of the Diabetes Empowerment Scale, Swe-DES-23. The survey also contained questions related to demographic-, disease specific-, well-being as well as digital health technology related variables.Results Higher well-being scores and lower HbA1c levels were associated with higher psychosocial self-efficacy in multiple linear regression analysis. In multivariate analysis, gender, body mass index, well-being scores, and HbA1c levels showed association with psychosocial self-efficacy. None of the DHT factors were found associated with psychosocial self-efficacy.Conclusions In this study, higher well-being score and lower self-reported HbA1c levels were associated with higher psychosocial self-efficacy in both univariate- and multivariate analysis and accounted for 30% of the variation in psychosocial self-efficacy in the regression model. Thus, measures to improve psychosocial self-efficacy in adults with type 1 diabetes may help maintain their psychological well-being and blood glucose control.
|
|
| 17. |
- Wenzel, Ulf Alexander, 1975, et al.
(author)
-
Spontaneous colitis in Muc2-deficient mice reflects clinical and cellular features of active ulcerative colitis.
- 2014
-
In: PloS one. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1932-6203. ; 9:6
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The colonic mucus layer plays a critical role in intestinal homeostasis by limiting contact between luminal bacteria and the mucosal immune system. A defective mucus barrier in animal models allows bacterial contact with the intestinal epithelium and results in spontaneous colitis. A defective mucus barrier is also a key feature of active ulcerative colitis (UC). Alterations in the immune compartment due to intestinal bacterial breach in mice lacking the colon mucus barrier have not been characterized and correlated to active UC.
|
|
| 18. |
- Adolfsson, Jan, et al.
(author)
-
Clinical characteristics and primary treatment of prostate cancer in Sweden between 1996 and 2005 : Data from the national prostate cancer register in Sweden
- 2007
-
In: Scandinavian Journal of Urology and Nephrology. - Stockholm : Taylor & Francis. - 0036-5599 .- 1651-2065. ; 41:6, s. 456-477
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective. The incidence of prostate cancer is rising rapidly in Sweden and there is a need to better understand the pattern of diagnosis, tumor characteristics and treatment. Material and methods. Between 1996 and 2005, all new cases of adenocarcinoma of the prostate gland were intended to be registered in the National Prostate Cancer Register (NPCR). This register contains information on diagnosing unit, date of diagnosis, cause of diagnosis, tumor grade, tumor stage according to the TNM classification in force, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels at diagnosis and primary treatment given within the first 6 months after diagnosis. Results. In total, 72 028 patients were registered, comprising >97% of all pertinent incident cases of prostate cancer in the Swedish Cancer Register (SCR). During the study period there was a considerable decrease in median age at the time of diagnosis, a stage migration towards smaller tumors, a decrease in median serum PSA values at diagnosis, a decrease in the age-standardized incidence rate of men diagnosed with distant metastases or with a PSA level of >100 ng/ml at diagnosis and an increase in the proportion of tumors with Gleason score ≤6. Relatively large geographical differences in the median age at diagnosis and the age-standardized incidence of cases with category T1c tumors were observed. Treatment with curative intent increased dramatically and treatment patterns varied according to geographical region. In men with localized tumors and a PSA level of <20 ng/ml at diagnosis, expectant treatment was more commonly used in those aged ≥75 years than in those aged <75 years. Also, the pattern of endocrine treatment varied in different parts of Sweden. Conclusions. All changes in the register seen over time are consistent with increased diagnostic activity, especially PSA testing, resulting in an increased number of cases with early disease, predominantly tumors in category T1c. The patterns of diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer vary considerably in different parts of Sweden. The NPCR continues to be an important source for research, epidemiological surveillance of the incidence, diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer
|
|
| 19. |
- Ahlberg, Mats Steinholtz, et al.
(author)
-
PCASTt/SPCG-17-A randomised trial of active surveillance in prostate cancer: Rationale and design
- 2019
-
In: BMJ Open. - : BMJ. - 2044-6055. ; 9
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction Overtreatment of localised prostate cancer is substantial despite increased use of active surveillance. No randomised trials help define how to monitor patients or when to initiate treatment with curative intent. Methods and analysis A randomised, multicentre, intervention trial designed to evaluate the safety of an MRI-based active surveillance protocol, with standardised triggers for repeated biopsies and radical treatment. The aim is to reduce overtreatment of prostate cancer. 2000 men will be randomly allocated to either surveillance according to current practice or to standardised triggers at centres in Sweden, Norway, Finland and the UK. Men diagnosed in the past 12 months with prostate cancer, ≤T2a, prostate-specific antigen (PSA) <15 ng/mL, PSA density ≤0.2 ng/mL/cc, any International Society of Urological Pathology (ISUP) grade 1 are eligible. Men with ISUP grade 2 in <30% of cores on systematic biopsy and <10 mm cancer in one core on systematic or targeted biopsy are also eligible. Men diagnosed on systematic biopsy should have an MRI and targeted biopsies against Prostate Imaging and Reporting Data System V.2 3-5 lesions before inclusion. Identical follow-up in the two study arms: biannual PSA testing, yearly clinical examination and MRI every second year. In the experimental arm, standardised triggers based on MRI and PSA density elicit repeated biopsies. MRI and histopathological progression trigger radical treatment. Primary outcome measure is progression-free survival. Secondary outcome measures are cumulative incidence of metastatic disease, treatments with curative intent, pT3-4 at radical prostatectomy, switch to watchful waiting, prostate cancer mortality and quality of life. Inclusion started in October 2016 and in October 2018; 275 patients have been enrolled. Ethics and dissemination Ethical approval was obtained in each participating country. Results for the primary and secondary outcome measures will be submitted for publication in peer-reviewed journals. Trial registration number NCT02914873.
|
|
| 20. |
- Alm, Erika, et al.
(author)
-
Introduction
- 2021
-
In: Pluralistic Struggles in Gender, Sexuality and Coloniality. - Cham : Palgrave Macmillan. - 9783030474324 ; , s. 1-18
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The focus of this book is on the many far from predictable transformative political processes on gender, sexuality and coloniality that grow out of the broad range of bodies and actors engaged in politics outside the hegemonic order and in everyday activities. These processes are not conducted by states, governments or transnational nongovernmental organisations; rather, they are examples of politics in-between states, organisations and national imagined communities. In this first chapter we will introduce some of the main themes, regarding these processes we in our joint research programme have worked on over the last couple of years.
|
|
| 21. |
- Almqvist, Sofia, 1980, et al.
(author)
-
Amelogenin is phagocytized and induces changes in integrin configuration, gene expression and proliferation of cultured human dermal fibroblasts
- 2010
-
In: Journal of Materials Science. Materials in Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1573-4838 .- 0957-4530. ; 21:3, s. 947-954
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fibroblasts are central in wound healing by expressing important mediators and producing and remodelling extracellular matrix (ECM) components. This study aimed at elucidating possible mechanisms of action of the ECM protein amelogenin on normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF). Amelogenin at 100 and 1000 μg/ml increased binding of NHDF via several integrins, including αvβ3, αvβ5 and α5β1. Further, both surface interaction and cellular uptake of amelogenin by NHDF was observed using scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Gene microarray studies showed >8-fold up or down-regulation of genes, of which most are involved in cellular growth, migration and differentiation. The effect of amelogenin was exemplified by increased proliferation over 7 days. In conclusion, the beneficial effects of amelogenin on wound healing are possibly conducted by stimulating fibroblast signalling, proliferation and migration via integrin interactions. It is hypothesized that amelogenin stimulates wound healing by providing connective tissue cells with a temporary extracellular matrix.
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
|
|
| 24. |
- Almqvist, Sofia, 1980, et al.
(author)
-
In Vitro Effect of Amelogenin on Selected Cell Mediators from Human Monocytes
- 2008
-
In: 8th World Biomaterials Congress, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Inflammation is an integral part of the normal wound healing response. Besides clearing the wound of invading microbes and debris, inflammatory cells are believed to be crucial coordinators of the repair process, acting both as phagocytes and as a major source of growth factors and other signals [1]. In non-healing skin ulcers the repair process is stuck in the inflammation phase [2]. Excessive inflammation can reflect an imbalance in the transformation of phenotype between the classically activated, inflammatory macrophage and the alternatively activated macrophage involved in immunosuppression and tissue repair [3]. Amelogenin is a hydrophobic extracellular matrix protein that under physiological conditions will self assemble into nanospheres which in turn may form larger aggregates. Treatment with amelogenin has shown enhanced skin wound healing in an in vivo study in rabbits [4]. In addition, amelogenin has been proposed to have anti-inflammatory properties by attenuation of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)- and peptidoglucan-induced production of selected pro-inflammatory cytokines by human blood cells [5]. The present study was initiated to determine the effects of amelogenin on human monocyte secretion of factors which modulate both inflammation and tissue repair. Materials and Methods: Lyophilized amelogenin from Biora AB (Malmö, Sweden) was dissolved in 17 mM acetic acid. Human monocytes were obtained from six healthy blood donors by isolation using the separation gradient PercollTM in two steps according to Pertoft et al. [6]. The isolated monocytes were cultured for 24 h at 37ºC with 5% CO2 and 95% humidity. Thereafter the supernatants and non-adherent cells were removed. Fresh medium (RPMI, 5% foetal bovine serum, antibiotics) containing amelogenin, 0, 0.01, 0.1 and 1.0 mg/ml, and with or without addition of LPS, was added to the wells in triplicates. The plates were again incubated for 24 h. The supernatants were analyzed with commercial human ELISA assays for tumour necrosis factor- (TNF-), interleukin-10 (IL-10), macrophage inflammatory protein-1 (MIP-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and insulin like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Results: Amelogenin treatment markedly altered the expression of factors by human monocytes. Amelogenin significantly reduced LPS-induced TNF- secretion, whereas the IL-10 expression was increased. Monocyte secretion of the two inflammatory chemokines MIP-1 and MCP-1 (Figure; mean ± SEM, n=6) was also affected by amelogenin treatment. Furthermore, amelogenin significantly increased monocyte secretion of VEGF (Figure; mean ± SEM, n=6) and IGF-1, although to a lesser extent, after 24 h culture. Conclusions: The amelogenin effects correlate to protein concentration, however not in a dose dependent manner, but instead the cell responses may reflect a concentration related difference in self assembly of the amelogenin protein. The observed changes in cytokine and chemokine expression are markedly affected by simultaneous LPS-induced inflammation activation, revealing possible anti-inflammatory properties of the amelogenin protein. In addition, the several-fold increase in VEGF-levels by monocytes provides a possible mechanism for the observed pro-angiogenic effect in vivo [4]. These in vitro results indicate that the extracellular matrix protein amelogenin by virtue of its interaction with human monocytes may modulate inflammation and tissue repair. Acknowledgements: The support from the Swedish Research Council (grant K2006-73X-09495-16-3), Mölnlycke Health Care Group AB and the VINNOVA VinnVäxt Program Biomedical Development in Western Sweden, is gratefully acknowledged. References: 1. Martin, P., et al. Trends Cell Biol., 15, 599, 2005. 2. Ågren, M.S., et al. Acta Derm Venereol Suppl (Stockh). 210, 3, 2000. 3. Duffield, J.S. Clin Sci (Lond), 104, 27, 2003 4. Mirastschijski, U., et al. Wound Repair Regen., 12, 100, 2004. 5. Myhre, A.E., et al. J Periodontal Res., 41, 208, 2006. 6. Pertoft, H., et al. J Immunol Methods., 33, 221, 1980.
|
|
| 25. |
- Anbäcken, Els-Marie, 1954-, et al.
(author)
-
Older adults and care: reshaped family roles in societal change : A comparative study of Japan, South Korea, and Sweden
- 2021. - 1
-
In: Aging and the Family. - Bingley, UK : Emerald Group Publishing Limited. - 9781800714915 - 9781800714908 ; , s. 1-38
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: The aim is to explore how family relations are affected by societalchanges in relation to informal and formal caregiving and self-determinationof older adults.Design/methodology/approach: Care managers (CMs)/social workers (SWs)(N = 124) participated in a comparative vignette study including Japan, SouthKorea, and Sweden. Systems theory was used.Findings: Japanese CMs/SWs clearly describe their efforts to create networksin a relational way between formal and informal actors in the community. SouthKorean CMs/SWs balance between suggesting interventions to support dailylife at home or a move to a nursing home, often acknowledging the family as themain caregiver. In Sweden, CMs/SWs highlight the juridical element in meetingthe older adult and the interventions offered, and families primarily give socialsupport. Regarding self-determination, the Japanese priority is for CMs/SWsto harmonize within the family and the community. South Korean CMs/SWsexpress ambivalent attitudes to older adults’ capability for self-determination inthe intersection between formal and family care. Swedish CMs/SWs adhere tothe older adult’s self-determination, while acknowledging the role of the familyin persuading the older adult to accept interventions. The results suggest emergingdefamilialization in South Korea, while tendencies to refamilialization arenoticed in Japan and Sweden, albeit in different ways.Research limitations/implications: In translation, nuances may be lost. Afocus on changing families shows that country-specific details in care serviceshave been reduced. For future research, perspectives of “care” need to be studiedon different levels.Originality/value: Using one vignette in three countries with different welfareregimes, discussing changing views on families’, communities’ and societal caregivingis unique. This captures changes in policy, influencing re- and defamilialization.
|
|
