| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Bauer, M, et al.
(author)
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Ankle fractures
- 1987
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In: Foot and Ankle. - 0198-0211. ; 8:1, s. 23-25
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The results of three separate studies on ankle fractures are presented. Clinical information is provided concerning the epidemiology and a comparison of closed versus open treatment, and a discussion is presented concerning what results can be expected 30 years after closed treatment for an ankle fracture.
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| 3. |
- Bauer, M, et al.
(author)
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Supination-eversion fractures of the ankle joint: changes in incidence over 30 years
- 1987
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In: Foot and Ankle. - 0198-0211. ; 8:1, s. 26-28
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The sex- and age-specific incidence has been calculated for ankle fractures from the first part of the 1950s and compared with the 1980s, a 30-year interval. The fractures were also classified according to Lauge-Hansen. Altogether 1784 fractures were found. During that time interval ankle fractures had become more common, particularly those with extensive skeletal involvement, such as the stage IV supination-eversion fractures, which today have an incidence pattern more typical of a fragility fracture in elderly women.
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| 4. |
- Bengner, Urban, et al.
(author)
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Changes in incidence and prevalence of vertebral fractures during 30 years
- 1988
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In: Calcified Tissue International. - 1432-0827. ; 42:5, s. 293-296
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The age and sex-specific incidence and prevalence of vertebral compression fractures were compared between the 1950s and 1980s in an urban population. In women over 80 years of age the incidence of symptomatic vertebral fractures has increased approximately four times; in elderly men even more. Mainly, low-energy trauma has caused these fractures. Thus, one clinical manifestation of osteoporosis--vertebral fracture--has increased in number, incidence, and prevalence over the last 30 years.
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| 5. |
- Bengner, Urban, et al.
(author)
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Changes in the incidence of fracture of the upper end of the humerus during a 30-year period. A study of 2125 fractures
- 1988
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In: Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. - 0009-921X. ; 231, s. 179-182
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The incidence of fracture of the upper end of the humerus by age group and sex was studied for a 32-year period from 1950 to 1982. The following numbers of humeral fractures occurred: 1950-1954, 411 fractures; 1961-1964, 552 fractures; 1971-1973, 639 fractures; and 1981-1982, 523 fractures. There was a progressive increase in the age-related incidence in older persons, especially in women. There was a higher incidence of fractures classified as severe in the 1980s compared with the 1950s.
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| 6. |
- Bengnér, Urban, et al.
(author)
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Epidemiology of ankle fracture 1950 and 1980. Increasing incidence in elderly women
- 1986
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In: Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-6470. ; 57:1, s. 35-37
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- During 1980-82, 739 ankle fractures occurred in Malmo. These were compared with 383 ankle fractures occurring in 1950-52. In men there was an increase in the age-specific incidence up to the age of 60, especially in fractures of the lateral malleolus. In women there was an increase in the age-specific incidence above the age of 50, both in lateral malleolar fractures and, even more pronounced, in bi- and tri- malleolar fractures.
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| 7. |
- Bengnér, Urban, et al.
(author)
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Increasing incidence of tibia condyle and patella fractures
- 1986
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In: Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-6470. ; 57:4, s. 334-336
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The age and sex specific incidence of tibial condyle fractures and patellar fractures were compared between 1950-55 and 1980-83 in the urban population of Malmo. In elderly women there was an increased incidence over these 30 years for both fracture types.
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| 8. |
- Bergenudd, H, et al.
(author)
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The articular cartilage after osteotomy for medial gonarthrosis. Biopsies after 2 years in 19 cases
- 1992
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In: Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica. - 0001-6470. ; 63:4, s. 413-416
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In 19 consecutive patients with medial gonarthrosis, an arthroscopic examination with a biopsy of the load-bearing cartilage in the medial femoral condyle was undertaken at the same time as a proximal tibial osteotomy. A follow-up arthroscopic biopsy was performed on an average of 2 years after the osteotomy. In 9 knees there was an improvement in the cartilage quality, 8 knees were unchanged, whereas 2 knees had deteriorated. Radiographically, 6 knees had improved, 11 were unchanged and 2 had deteriorated. We found no correlation between cartilage improvement and the clinical and radiographic outcome. Our results confirm that an osteotomy has a beneficial effect on the load-bearing cartilage in the medial femoral condyle.
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| 9. |
- Düppe, Henrik, et al.
(author)
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Long-term results of fracture of the scaphoid. A follow-up study of more than thirty years
- 1994
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In: Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume. - 1535-1386. ; 76:2, s. 249-252
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Fifty-six patients who had had a fracture of the scaphoid from January 1950 through December 1959 were interviewed, re-examined, and had radiographs made of both hands an average of thirty-six years (range, thirty-one to forty years) later. The average age at the time of the treatment was twenty-eight years (range, fifteen to forty-five years). Fifty-two of the fifty-six patients were treated at the time of the fracture; the other four had a non-union when first seen. The rate of non-union for the fresh fractures at the most recent follow-up examination was 10 per cent (five of fifty-two). Dorsal intercalated-segment instability was found in three of the fifty-six patients; all three had a pseudarthrosis and manifest radiocarpal osteoarthrosis. Marked radiocarpal osteoarthrosis developed in only one (2 per cent) of the forty-seven patients who had a healed fracture; it was far more common in the group that had a pseudarthrosis, in which the prevalence was five of nine patients. Manifest osteoarthrosis also seemed to be associated with pain or weakness: it had developed in only three (6 per cent) of the forty-nine patients who did not have any symptoms at the re-examination, compared with three of the seven who had symptoms.
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| 10. |
- Edwards, Birgitta, et al.
(author)
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Patellar fractures. A 30-year follow-up
- 1989
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In: Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-6470. ; 60:6, s. 712-714
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Forty patients who had had a patellar fracture during the years 1950-58 were reevaluated 30 years later. A clinical and radiographic examination was performed. Fourteen patients had subjective complaints. Two thirds of the patients who had more than 2-mm diastasis or 1-mm incongruity had complaints and reduced quadriceps strength. Radiographically, all the patients had a reduction in the lateral patellofemoral distance in the axial view with the greatest reduction in the knees with diastasis or incongruity of the fracture.
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| 11. |
- Gullberg, Bo, et al.
(author)
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Incidence of hip fractures in Malmo, Sweden (1950-1991)
- 1993
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In: Bone. - 1873-2763. ; 14:Suppl. 1, s. 23-29
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In a 24-year sub-sample taken from a 42-year period of study (1950-1991), hip fracture incidence was analysed from a defined catchment area within one hospital. During this time, 8,256 hip fractures occurred in a generated risk population of 1,915,571 person-years. Crude incidence increased three-fold in women and five-fold in men. In men, the age-specific increase was twice as large as the age drift. In women, the two components were of equal size. The more marked increase in men caused the female:male ratio to decrease from 4.2 in 1950 to 2.4 in 1991. In men, all age classes experienced a significant yearly increase (1.6% in the 50-59 age group, 3.9% over the age of 80). In women, only the 70-79 and 80+ age groups showed a significant increase (1.4%, 2.3%). In the age-standardised curve, a levelling off occurred during the mid-80s. In women, this was attributable to changes in climate during wintertime. In men, no significant association was found with temperature. The age-standardised curve followed an approximate linear trend with an increase of 6.4/100,000/year in women and 4.9/100,000/year in men. The cumulative rate for the age group 50-79 years doubled in men but increased only by one-third in women. The impact of increasing incidence in men compared with women is discussed using an osteoporosis model consisting of base risk, senile risk, and post-menopausal risk.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Hasserius, Ralph, et al.
(author)
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Vertebral deformation in urban Swedish men and women: prevalence based on 797 subjects
- 2001
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In: Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-6470. ; 72:3, s. 273-278
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Vertebral fracture-deformation, a common feature of osteoporosis, shows considerable age, sex and geographical variation. We present the prevalence in an urban population of south-west Sweden. Lateral spine radiographs of 797 men and women, age 50-86 years, were evaluated by morphomety. The age-standardized prevalence of subjects with vertebral deformation using the deformation criterion -3 SD was 39 (95%CI 34-43)% in women and 33 (95%CI 28-38)% in men. The prevalence increased with age in both sexes. After adjustment for age, women had a higher prevalence than men, odds ratio 1.4. The proportion of vertebrae with deformation ranged from 2%-11%, increasing with age. The vertebrae most commonly deformed were Th 11, Th 12 and L1.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Johnell, Olof, et al.
(author)
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Lower limb fractures and registration for alcoholism
- 1985
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Social Medicine. - 0300-8037. ; 13:3, s. 95-97
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- During two consecutive years 607 individuals with lower limb fractures were diagnosed. Half of the individuals, 315, were women and only 14 of them had an earlier registration for alcoholism. In the 292 men, however, 73 men or 25%, had been registered at the Department of Alcohol Diseases at least once during the 13 years of observation, the highest registration frequency (30%) was noted in the malleolar fractures in men. In males, 30-50 years of age, there were 37 per cent who had a registration for alcoholism, the highest registration (44%) was noted for fracture of the tibial diaphysis. Males with fracture of the proximal end of the femur between 16-80 years of age were registered for alcoholism in 23%.
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| 18. |
- Johnell, Olof, et al.
(author)
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Mortality after osteoporotic fractures.
- 2004
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In: Osteoporosis International. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1433-2965 .- 0937-941X. ; 15:1, s. 38-42
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 19. |
- Johnell, Olof, et al.
(author)
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Targeting of hormone replacement therapy immediately after menopause
- 2001
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In: Bone. - 1873-2763. ; 28:4, s. 440-445
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of this study was to model the effect of short (3-year) treatments with hormone replacement therapy (HRT) at the time of menopause on the risk of osteoporotic fracture, and to assess the impact of strategies to target high-risk individuals. From the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and fracture risk, treatment that increased bone mineral density at the hip by 6% over untreated women would save 35 vertebral, 62 hip, 13 proximal humeral, and 16 forearm fractures per 1000 women. The number needed to treat (NNT) to prevent one of these fractures was 8. The NNT fell modestly by targeting HRT to women with low bone mass or osteoporosis (NNT 6 and 5, respectively). The gains in fractures saved from targeting women with low bone mass or osteoporosis were offset by the requirement for assessment by BMD. Changes in the assumptions about the efficacy of HRT had a modest impact on fractures saved compared with the effect of changing assumptions concerning the offset of effect when treatment was stopped. We conclude that comparatively short courses of HRT might be effectively offered to all suitable women at menopause provided that the effects on bone persist when treatment is stopped.
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| 20. |
- Jonsson, B, et al.
(author)
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Differences in fracture pattern between an urban and a rural population: a comparative population-based study in southern Sweden
- 1992
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In: Osteoporosis International. - 1433-2965. ; 2:6, s. 269-273
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Differences in the incidence of hip fractures have been reported between urban and rural areas. In this population-based study the characteristics of fracture patterns between the city of Malmo and the nearby rural district of Sjobo were compared. A total of 782 individuals in Malmo and 486 in Sjobo were invited to participate. Fracture history for all invited was registered. The odds ratio for fracture was higher in Malmo, particularly for women over 70. More than half of the urban women aged 70 had a history of a fracture. A fourfold increase in fracture prevalence between the ages of 60 and 70 was observed in women in Malmo, whereas the prevalence doubled in Sjobo. The differences in fracture patterns between these two urban and rural communities may be explained by different lifestyles.
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| 21. |
- Jonsson, B, et al.
(author)
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Forearm fractures in Malmo, Sweden. Changes in the incidence occurring during the 1950s, 1980s and 1990s
- 1999
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In: Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-6470. ; 70:2, s. 129-132
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Between the 1950s and the 1980s, the incidence of forearm fractures increased in the city of Malmo. We have now collected data on all forearm fractures during 1991 and 1992 and compared them with previously published data from 1953-1957 and 1980-1981. During the 1990s, 1314 individuals with wrist fractures and 125 with shaft fractures were recorded. In men, we found a twofold increase in the standardized morbidity ratio (SMR) in the 1990s, compared with the 1950s. The 1990s, compared with the 1980s, showed a reduction in SMR to 0.85. In women, a comparison between the 1990s and the 1950s revealed a slight reduction in SMR, 0.9 during the 1990s. Comparison of the 1990s with the 1980s revealed a reduction in SMR to 0.7 after the age of 70 years. In individuals 60 years and older, we found a fivefold increase in the incidence of fractures of the shaft of the forearm, when comparing the 1990s with the 1980s. In women, the increase in incidence of wrist fractures appears to have been interrupted, when comparing the years 1991-1992 and 1980-1981. Among men, the incidence of wrist fractures appears to be increasing, even after the 1980s. The reduction in incidence among women may partly be explained by warmer winters during 1991-1992.
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| 22. |
- Jonsson, Brynjolfur, et al.
(author)
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Function 10 years after hip fracture. 74 patients after internal fixation
- 1993
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In: Acta Orthopaedica Scandinavica. - : Medical Journals Sweden AB. - 0001-6470. ; 64:6, s. 645-646
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We examined the physical and social function of patients surviving 10 years after internal fixation of a hip fracture. 74 out of 362 patients were alive 10 years after their fracture. In 47 survivors after cervical fracture, secondary hip arthroplasties had been performed in 25, and nails had been extracted in 13. The implants had been removed in 8 of 27 with trochanteric fracture. 58 survivors were interviewed; three fourths were still living in their own homes, with more than half needing no home assistance. However, limitation of activities, caused by the fracture, was experienced by more than one third of the survivors.
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
- Kanis, J A, et al.
(author)
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Long-term risk of osteoporotic fracture in Malmo
- 2000
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In: Osteoporosis International. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1433-2965 .- 0937-941X. ; 11:8, s. 669-674
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The objectives of the present study were to estimate long-term risks of osteoporotic fractures. The incidence of hip, distal forearm, proximal humerus and vertebral fracture were obtained from patient records in Malmo, Sweden. Vertebral fractures were confined to those coming to clinical attention, either as an inpatient or an outpatient case. Patient records were examined to exclude individuals with prior fractures at the same site. Future mortality rates were computed for each year of age from Poisson models using the Swedish Patient Register and the Statistical Year Book. The incidence and lifetime risk of any fracture were determined from the proportion of individuals fracture-free from the age of 45 years. Lifetime risk of shoulder, forearm, hip and spine fracture were 13.3%, 21.5%, 23.3% and 15.4% respectively in women at the age of 45 years. Corresponding values for men at the age of 45 years were 4.4%, 5.2%, 11.2% and 8.6%. The risk of any of these fractures was 47.3% and 23.8% in women and men respectively. Remaining lifetime risk was stable with age for hip fracture, but decreased by 20-30% by the age of 70 years in the case of other fractures. Ten and 15 year risks for all types of fractures increased with age until the age of 80 years, when they approached lifetime risks because of the competing probabilities of fracture and death. We conclude that fractures of the hip and spine carry higher risks than fractures at other sites, and that lifetime risks of fracture of the hip in particular have been underestimated.
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| 25. |
- Karlsson, K M, et al.
(author)
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Femoral neck geometry and radiographic signs of osteoporosis as predictors of hip fracture
- 1996
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In: Bone. - 1873-2763. ; 18:4, s. 327-330
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A total of 125 consecutive hip fracture patients were investigated regarding hip geometry. There were 33 men of mean age 76 +/- 10 years, and 92 women of mean age 78 +/- 9 years. Patients with previous hip surgery were excluded. Hip geometry (hip-axis length, width of collum femoris, and femoral shaft and neck-shaft angle) were registered on both plain radiographs and DEXA scans performed within 2 weeks after fracture. On the radiographs, the calcar femorale, the Singh index, and the femoral neck index (FNI) were also calculated and compared with earlier published values of bone mineral density hip in the hip fracture patients. The fracture cases were compared with controls, 192 DEXA scans and 163 radiographs, in patients without hip surgery or known hip disease. As measured on the DEXA scans we found a wider collum femoris and a wider femoral shaft in both the male and female fracture cases, compared to controls. Also, the fracture cases showed signs of osteoporosis as measured by the calcar femorale, the Singh index, and the femoral neck index. These measurements showed good correlation with bone mineral density of the hip as measured by the DEXA scans.
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