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| 9. |
- Heid, Iris M, et al.
(author)
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Meta-analysis identifies 13 new loci associated with waist-hip ratio and reveals sexual dimorphism in the genetic basis of fat distribution
- 2010
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In: Nature Genetics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1061-4036 .- 1546-1718. ; 42:11, s. 949-960
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Waist-hip ratio (WHR) is a measure of body fat distribution and a predictor of metabolic consequences independent of overall adiposity. WHR is heritable, but few genetic variants influencing this trait have been identified. We conducted a meta-analysis of 32 genome-wide association studies for WHR adjusted for body mass index (comprising up to 77,167 participants), following up 16 loci in an additional 29 studies (comprising up to 113,636 subjects). We identified 13 new loci in or near RSPO3, VEGFA, TBX15-WARS2, NFE2L3, GRB14, DNM3-PIGC, ITPR2-SSPN, LY86, HOXC13, ADAMTS9, ZNRF3-KREMEN1, NISCH-STAB1 and CPEB4 (P = 1.9 × 10⁻⁹ to P = 1.8 × 10⁻⁴⁰) and the known signal at LYPLAL1. Seven of these loci exhibited marked sexual dimorphism, all with a stronger effect on WHR in women than men (P for sex difference = 1.9 × 10⁻³ to P = 1.2 × 10⁻¹³). These findings provide evidence for multiple loci that modulate body fat distribution independent of overall adiposity and reveal strong gene-by-sex interactions.
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| 12. |
- Waldorf, Kristina M. Adams, et al.
(author)
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Congenital Zika virus infection as a silent pathology with loss of neurogenic output in the fetal brain
- 2018
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In: Nature Medicine. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1078-8956 .- 1546-170X. ; 24:3, s. 368-374
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Zika virus (ZIKV) is a flavivirus with teratogenic effects on fetal brain, but the spectrum of ZIKV-induced brain injury is unknown, particularly when ultrasound imaging is normal. In a pregnant pigtail macaque (Macaca nemestrina) model of ZIKV infection, we demonstrate that ZIKV-induced injury to fetal brain is substantial, even in the absence of microcephaly, and may be challenging to detect in a clinical setting. A common and subtle injury pattern was identified, including (i) periventricular T2-hyperintense foci and loss of fetal noncortical brain volume, (ii) injury to the ependymal epithelium with underlying gliosis and (iii) loss of late fetal neuronal progenitor cells in the subventricular zone (temporal cortex) and subgranular zone (dentate gyrus, hippocampus) with dysmorphic granule neuron patterning. Attenuation of fetal neurogenic output demonstrates potentially considerable teratogenic effects of congenital ZIKV infection even without microcephaly. Our findings suggest that all children exposed to ZIKV in utero should receive long-term monitoring for neurocognitive deficits, regardless of head size at birth.
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| 13. |
- Garmabaki, Amir Soleimani, et al.
(author)
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The Optimal Time of New Generation Product in the Market
- 2012
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In: Communications in Dependability and Quality Management. - 1450-7196. ; 15:1, s. 123-137
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Most product development activities are aimed at improving existing products by successive generation policy. The launch of a new product is a phase of development that commands a large commitment of time, money, and managerial resources. Determination of optimal introduction time is especially critical for high-technology products, where the introduction of each successive generation of a product requires the firm to explicitly consider its impact on the demand for preceding generations. Each generation has unique expectations, experiences, generational history, lifestyles, values, and demographics that influence behavior of potential buyers. Accordingly, many companies are reaching out to multi-generational consumers and trying to understand and gain the attention of these diverse buyers. The timing decision depends on whether companies invest more time for product design or push the product to market before maturity. The study identifies attributes such as Customer's Adoption Indicator and Cost that affect the introduction time of new generation. To trade-off between two decision factors, multi-attribute utility theory (MAUT) is applied in our decision space. We examine the case where a firm introduces successive generations of a durable product for which demand is characterized by an innovation diffusion process. Empirical implications of the proposed model have been validated on data collected from two industries (Semiconductor Industry DRAM shipments and IBM Mainframe Industry (USA)).
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| 14. |
- Kapur, P.K., et al.
(author)
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Preface
- 2010
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In: International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering (IJRQSE). - 0218-5393. ; 17:3, s. v-vi
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)
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- Anjum, Misbah, et al.
(author)
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A framework for optimal patch release time using G-DEMATEL and multi-attribute utility theory
- 2024
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In: International Journal of Industrial and Systems Engineering. - : Inderscience Publishers. - 1748-5037 .- 1748-5045. ; 46:4, s. 531-555
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The primary focus of the present work is to determine the optimal vulnerability patch release time using multi-attribute utility theory (MAUT) by considering two objectives that are cost minimisation and reliability maximisation. The novelty of the study lies in multi-phased research methodology for identifying the attributes affecting the software patch release time through a combination of literature review and the grey-Delphi approach for guiding the optimisation process. The literature has directly considered the weights of the attributes without emphasising their interrelationships, which is overcome by the use of the DEMATEL methodology under the grey environment in the current study for the evaluation of weights of selected attributes. The implications of the study will help in achieving the sustainable development goals pertaining to innovation and infrastructure. A numerical example is used to demonstrate the relevance of the optimisation problem.
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| 17. |
- Crow, Andrew R., et al.
(author)
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Treating murine inflammatory diseases with an anti-erythrocyte antibody
- 2019
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In: Science Translational Medicine. - : American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). - 1946-6234 .- 1946-6242. ; 11:506
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases typically involves immune suppression. In an opposite strategy, we show that administration of the highly inflammatory erythrocyte-specific antibody Ter119 into mice remodels the monocyte cellular landscape, leading to resolution of inflammatory disease. Ter119 with intact Fc function was unexpectedly therapeutic in the K/BxN serum transfer model of arthritis. Similarly, it rapidly reversed clinical disease progression in collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA) and collagen-induced arthritis and completely corrected CAIA-induced increase in monocyte Fcγ receptor II/III expression. Ter119 dose-dependently induced plasma chemokines CCL2, CCL5, CXCL9, CXCL10, and CCL11 with corresponding alterations in monocyte percentages in the blood and liver within 24 hours. Ter119 attenuated chemokine production from the synovial fluid and prevented the accumulation of inflammatory cells and complement components in the synovium. Ter119 could also accelerate the resolution of hypothermia and pulmonary edema in an acute lung injury model. We conclude that this inflammatory anti-erythrocyte antibody simultaneously triggers a highly efficient anti-inflammatory effect with broad therapeutic potential.
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| 18. |
- Dastani, Zari, et al.
(author)
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Novel Loci for Adiponectin Levels and Their Influence on Type 2 Diabetes and Metabolic Traits : A Multi-Ethnic Meta-Analysis of 45,891 Individuals
- 2012
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In: PLOS Genetics. - : Public Library of Science (PLoS). - 1553-7390 .- 1553-7404. ; 8:3, s. e1002607-
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Circulating levels of adiponectin, a hormone produced predominantly by adipocytes, are highly heritable and are inversely associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) and other metabolic traits. We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in 39,883 individuals of European ancestry to identify genes associated with metabolic disease. We identified 8 novel loci associated with adiponectin levels and confirmed 2 previously reported loci (P=4.5 x 10(-8)-1.2 x 10(-43)). Using a novel method to combine data across ethnicities (N = 4,232 African Americans, N = 1,776 Asians, and N = 29,347 Europeans), we identified two additional novel loci. Expression analyses of 436 human adipocyte samples revealed that mRNA levels of 18 genes at candidate regions were associated with adiponectin concentrations after accounting for multiple testing (p<3 x 10(-4)). We next developed a multi-SNP genotypic risk score to test the association of adiponectin decreasing risk alleles on metabolic traits and diseases using consortia-level meta-analytic data. This risk score was associated with increased risk of T2D (p=4.3 x 10(-3), n = 22,044), increased triglycerides (p=2.6 x 10(-14), n = 93,440), increased waist-to-hip ratio (p=1.8 x 10(-5), n = 77,167), increased glucose two hours post oral glucose tolerance testing (p=4.4 x 10(-3), n = 15,234), increased fasting insulin (p = 0.015, n = 48,238), but with lower in HDL-cholesterol concentrations (p=4.5x10(-13), n = 96,748) and decreased BMI (p= 1.4 x 10(-14), n = 121,335). These findings identify novel genetic determinants of adiponectin levels, which, taken together, influence risk of T2D and markers of insulin resistance.
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| 19. |
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Decision Analytics Applications in Industry
- 2020. - 1
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Editorial collection (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This book presents a range of qualitative and quantitative analyses in areas such as cybersecurity, sustainability, multivariate analysis, customer satisfaction, parametric programming, software reliability growth modeling, and blockchain technology, to name but a few. It also highlights integrated methods and practices in the areas of machine learning and genetic algorithms. After discussing applications in supply chains and logistics, cloud computing, six sigma, production management, big data analysis, satellite imaging, game theory, biometric systems, quality, and system performance, the book examines the latest developments and breakthroughs in the field of science and technology, and provides novel problem-solving methods.The themes discussed in the book link contributions by researchers and practitioners from different branches of engineering and management, and hailing from around the globe. These contributions provide scholars with a platform to derive maximum utility in the area of analytics by subscribing to the idea of managing business through system sciences, operations, and management. Managers and decision-makers can learn a great deal from the respective chapters, which will help them devise their own business strategies and find real-world solutions to complex industrial problems.
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| 20. |
- Garmabaki, Amir H. Soleimani, et al.
(author)
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Modeling two-dimensional software multi-upgradation and related release problem : a multi attribute utility approach
- 2012
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In: International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering (IJRQSE). - 0218-5393. ; 19:3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The today's fast-paced, competitive environment in the field of Science and Technology, demands highly reliable hardware and software in order to achieve new breakthroughs in quality and productivity. In this scenario, first release of software products includes enough features and functionality to make it useful for the customers. Later, software companies have to come up with upgradation or add-ons in their software to survive in the market through a series of releases. Each succeeding upgradation offers some innovative performance or new functionality, distinguishing itself from the past releases. In one-dimensional Software Reliability Growth Models (SRGM) researcher used one factor such as Testing-Time, Testing-Effort or Coverage, etc. but within a two-dimensional SRGM environment, the process depends on two-types of reliability growth factors like Testing-time and Testing-effort. In addition, we also consider the combined effect of bugs encountered during testing of present release and user reported bugs from the operational phase. The model developed in the paper takes into consideration the testing and the operational phase where fault removal phenomenon follows, logistic and Weibull model, respectively. The paper also comprises of formulating an optimal release problem based on Multi-Attribute Utility Theory (MAUT). Lastly, the model validation is done on real dataset of software already released in the market with successive generations.
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| 21. |
- Garmabaki, Amir H. Soleimani, et al.
(author)
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The Impact of Bugs Reported from Operational Phase on Successive Software Releases
- 2014
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In: International Journal of Productivity and Quality Management. - 1746-6474 .- 1746-6482. ; 14:4, s. 423-440
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Software testing is a necessary part of software development life cycle (SDLC) to achieve a high reliable software system. In today’s software environment of global competition where each company is trying to prove itself better than its competitors, software companies have to continually do up-gradation or add-ons in their software to survive in the market. Each succeeding up-gradation offers some innovative performance or new functionality, distinguishing itself from the past release. We consider the combined effect of bugs encountered during testing of present release and user reported bug from operational phase. The model developed in the paper takes into consideration the testing and the operational phase where fault removal phenomenon follows Kapur-Garg model and Weibull-model respectively. The model developed is validated on real datasets for software which has been released in the market with new features.
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| 22. |
- Garmabaki, Amir Soleimani, et al.
(author)
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Multi up-gradation software reliability growth model,with faults of different severity
- 2011
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In: IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM). - Singapore. ; , s. 1539-1543
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In today's environment of global competition where each company is trying to prove itself better than its competitors, software company have to continually do up-gradation or add-ons in their software to survive in the market. Each succeeding up-gradation offers some innovative performance enhancement or some new functionality etc distinguishing itself from the past release. But at the same time the amount of risk involved in up-gradation/add-ons of software with regard to introducing new faults or increasing the fault number in the software is also formidable. This model categorizes faults in two types: Type-1 and Type-2 (simple fault, hard fault namely) with respect to time which they take for isolation and removal after their observation. In this paper, we propose new model and new concept of multi release software development environment. The model developed is validated on real data sets for software which has been released in the market with new features.
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| 23. |
- Garmabaki, Amir Soleimani, et al.
(author)
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Predicting software reliability in a fuzzy field environment
- 2013
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In: International Journal of Reliability, Quality and Safety Engineering (IJRQSE). - 0218-5393. ; 20:3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The testing-development phase has been carried out in a given control environment. However, the product will be used in different operating environment by different end-users, which is unknown to the developer. The operating environment may range from a very clean one up to a harsh environment. These uncertain operating environments will impact to the reliability and performance of the software which may differ from the testing phase reliability. We consider that the effect of environment on reliability has a fuzzy nature. The fuzzy effects of the field environments can be captured by a unit-free environmental factor. To overcome this problem, the fuzzy probabilistic theory may be used in the processing of stochastic parameters, taking into account their fuzzy nature. The proposed model is based on Weibull distribution. The aim of this paper is to introduce a fuzzy field environment (FFE) reliability model that covers both the testing and operating phases in the development cycle. Illustration examples of the proposed model have been validated on data collected from two industries. © 2013 World Scientific Publishing Company.
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| 24. |
- Garmabaki, Amir Soleimani, et al.
(author)
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Predicting software reliability in a fuzzy-random field environment
- 2012
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The development of a new complex software or industrial system produces a series of prototypes that may contain faults during the processes, including development, design, and production. Therefore, during the early stages of prototyping complex systems, reliability often faces a major challenge in meeting the desired requirements level. For these reasons, a typical reliability improvement process is carried out in order to achieve a specific software/system reliability level. Incorrect estimation of reliability could lead to an inappropriate system design and implementation of incorrect maintenance policies.Many software reliability models have been proposed to help software developers and managers to assess the level of the reliability and estimation of the development cost. Among these software reliability models, Non-Homogenous Poisson Process (NHPP) based models have been successfully applied to model the software failure processes, and predict the number of software failures. NHPP has been used also to determine “time to stop testing” and release the software.Usually, the testing-development phase has been carried out in a given control environment. However, the product will be used in different operating environment by different end-users, which is unknown to the developer. The operating environment may range from a very clean one up to a harsh environment. These uncertain operating environments will impact to the reliability and performance of the software which may differ from the testing phase reliability. Hence the effect of environmental factors on reliability should be considered for estimation of the operational phase reliability. In fact the effect of environment on reliability has a fuzzy nature and quiet random. On the other hand, it is well known that the probability distribution and its parameters cannot be univocally defined. To overcome this problem, the fuzzy probabilistic theory may be used in the processing of stochastic parameters, taking into account their fuzzy nature. In fact, the fuzzy random effects of the field environments can be captured by a unit-free environmental factor. Based on the fuzzy probability distribution and its properties, we can define a fuzzy reliability function. The aim of this paper is to introduce a Fuzzy random field environment (FRFE) reliability model that covers both the testing and operating phases in the development cycle. The proposed model is based on Weibull distribution. It should be noted that the testing costs is one the major concern in software/system development. Several researcher investigated software/System release policies to minimize development cost while satisfying a reliability objective. Although the length of testing phase directly relates to the number of errors removed, but leads to a significant financial loss by increasing testing cost and delay in delivery. Further, releasing software in the market before reaching its desired level of reliability (which is fixed by the manager) may increase the maintenance cost during operational phase as well as create risk to lose future market.For a critical software system, the penalty costs resulting from the software failures are much more significant than the software development costs themselves. Therefore, the total software/ system cost should consist of not only the development costs, but also the penalty costs resulting from the software failure in operational phase. For software developers and managers, the following questions need to be answered (1) How to allocate the resources to ensure the on-time delivery of a software product? (2) When to stop testing and release the software from current software testing activities? (3) Is the software product really reliable in field? To answer the above mentioned questions, the paper proposes a cost function using proposed FRFE reliability model, to determine the optimal release policies.
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| 25. |
- Guo, L., et al.
(author)
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Antiplatelet antibody-induced thrombocytopenia does not correlate with megakaryocyte abnormalities in murine immune thrombocytopenia
- 2018
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology. - : Wiley. - 0300-9475. ; 88:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is an autoimmune bleeding disorder characterized by increased peripheral immune platelet destruction and megakaryocyte defects in the bone marrow. Although ITP was originally thought to be primarily due to antibody-mediated autoimmunity, it is now clear that T cells also play a significant role in the disease. However, the exact interplay between platelet destruction, megakaryocyte dysfunction and the elements of both humoral and cell-mediated immunity in ITP remains incompletely defined. While most studies have focused on immune platelet destruction in the spleen, an additional possibility is that the antiplatelet antibodies can also destroy bone marrow megakaryocytes. To address this, we negated the effects of T cells by utilizing an in vivo passive ITP model where BALB/c mice were administered various anti-αIIb, anti-β3 or anti-GPIb antibodies or antisera and platelet counts and bone marrow megakaryocytes were enumerated. Our results show that after 24 hours, all the different antiplatelet antibodies/sera induced variable degrees of thrombocytopenia in recipient mice. Compared with naïve control mice, however, histological examination of the bone marrow revealed that only 2 antibody preparations (mouse-anti-mouse β3 sera and an anti- αIIb monoclonal antibody (MWReg30) could affect bone marrow megakaryocyte counts. Our study shows that while most antiplatelet antibodies induce acute thrombocytopenia, the majority of them do not affect the number of megakaryocytes in the bone marrow. This suggests that other mechanisms may be responsible for megakaryocyte abnormalities seen during immune thrombocytopenia.
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