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- Maessen, J, et al.
(author)
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A protocol is not enough to implement an enhanced recovery programme for colorectal resection
- 2007
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In: British Journal of Surgery. - West Sussex, United Kingdom : John Wiley & Sons. - 0007-1323 .- 1365-2168. ; 94:2, s. 224-31
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Single-centre studies have suggested that enhanced recovery can be achieved with multimodal perioperative care protocols. This international observational study evaluated the implementation of an enhanced recovery programme in five European centres and examined the determinants affecting recovery and length of hospital stay.Methods: Four hundred and twenty-five consecutive patients undergoing elective open colorectal resection above the peritoneal reflection between January 2001 and January 2004 were enrolled in a protocol that defined multiple perioperative care elements. One centre had been developing multimodal perioperative care for 10 years, whereas the other four had previously undertaken traditional care.Results: The case mix was similar between centres. Protocol compliance before and during the surgical procedure was high, but it was low in the immediate postoperative phase. Patients fulfilled predetermined recovery criteria a median of 3 days after operation but were actually discharged a median of 5 days after surgery. Delay in discharge and the development of major complications prolonged length of stay. Previous experience with fast-track surgery was associated with a shorter hospital stay.Conclusion: Functional recovery in 3 days after colorectal resection could be achieved in daily practice. A protocol is not enough to enable discharge of patients on the day of functional recovery; more experience and better organization of care may be required.
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- Fearon, K C H, et al.
(author)
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Enhanced recovery after surgery : a consensus review of clinical care for patients undergoing colonic resection
- 2005
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In: Clinical Nutrition. - Edinburgh, United Kingdom : Churchill Livingstone. - 0261-5614 .- 1532-1983. ; 24:3, s. 466-77
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background & aims: Clinical care of patients undergoing colonic surgery differs between hospitals and countries. In addition, there is considerable variation in rates of recovery and length of hospital stay following major abdominal surgery. There is a need to develop a consensus on key elements of perioperative care for inclusion in enhanced recovery programmes so that these can be widely adopted and refined further in future clinical trials.Methods: Medline database was searched for all clinical studies/trials relating to enhanced recovery after colorectal resection. Relevant papers from the reference lists of these articles and from the authors' personal collections were also reviewed. A combination of evidence-based and consensus methodology was used to develop the resulting enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) clinical care protocol.Results and conclusions: Within traditional perioperative practice there is considerable evidence supporting a range of manoeuvres which, in isolation, may improve individual aspects of recovery after colonic surgery. The present manuscript reviews these issues in detail. There is also growing evidence that an integrated multimodal approach to perioperative care can result in an overall enhancement of recovery. However, effects on major morbidity and mortality remain to be determined. A protocol is presented which is in current use by the ERAS Group and may provide a standard of care against which either current or future novel elements of an enhanced recovery approach can be tested for their effect on outcome.
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4. |
- Borup, T., et al.
(author)
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Intra-operative colloid administration increases the clearance of a post-operative fluid load
- 2009
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In: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica. - : Wiley-Blackwell. - 0001-5172 .- 1399-6576. ; 53:3, s. 311-317
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: It is unknown whether an intra-operative colloid infusion alters the dynamics of a crystalloid load administered post-operatively.METHODS: Ten patients received 12.5 ml/kg of Ringer's lactate over 30 min 1-3 days before and 4 h after laparoscopic cholecystectomy, during which 10 ml/kg of a colloid solution, hydroxyethylstarch (HES 130/0.4), was infused. The total body clearance of the pre- and post-operative test infusions was taken as the ratio between the urinary excretion and the Hb-derived dilution of venous plasma over 150 min. The plasma clearance of the infused fluid was calculated using volume kinetics based on the plasma dilution alone. The pre-operative plasma clearance was compared with the post-operative plasma clearance and patients served as their own control.RESULTS: The urinary excretion averaged 350 ml for the pre-operative infusion and 612 ml post-operatively, which corresponds to 46% and 68% of the pre- and post-operative infusions, respectively. The total body clearance of the crystalloid fluid was 30 ml/min before surgery and 124 ml/min after surgery (P<0.01). The plasma clearance, as obtained from the plasma dilution alone, was 28 and 412 ml/min, respectively. The maximal increase in plasma volume was 410 ml pre-operatively vs. 220 ml post-operatively.CONCLUSIONS: Infusion of a colloid solution in combination with a crystalloid during laparoscopic cholecystectomy increased the plasma clearance of a post-operative crystalloid infusion.
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- Harsten, Andreas, et al.
(author)
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Recovery after total intravenous general anaesthesia or spinal anaesthesia for total knee arthroplasty: a randomized trial.
- 2013
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In: British Journal of Anaesthesia. - : Elsevier BV. - 1471-6771 .- 0007-0912. ; 111:3, s. 391-399
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: /st>This study was undertaken to compare the effects of general anaesthesia (GA) and spinal anaesthesia (SA) on the need for postoperative hospitalization and early postoperative comfort in patients undergoing fast-track total knee arthroplasty (TKA). METHODS: /st>One hundred and twenty subjects were randomly allocated to receive either intrathecal bupivacaine (SA group) or GA with target controlled infusion of propofol and remifentanil (GA group). Primary outcome was length of hospital stay (LOS) defined as time from end of surgery until the subject met the hospital discharge criteria. Secondary outcome parameters included actual time of discharge, postoperative pain, intraoperative blood loss, length of stay in the Post Anaesthesia Care Unit, dizziness, postoperative nausea and vomiting, need for urinary catheterization and subject satisfaction. RESULTS: /st>GA resulted in shorter LOS (46 vs 52 h, P<0.001), and less nausea and vomiting (4 vs 15, P<0.05) and dizziness (VAS 0 mm vs 20 mm, P<0.05) compared with SA. During the first 2 postoperative hours, GA patients had higher pain scores (P<0.001), but after 6 h the SA group had significantly higher pain scores (P<0.001). Subjects in the GA group used fewer patient-controlled analgesia doses and less morphine (P<0.01), and were able to walk earlier compared with the SA group (P<0.001). Subjects receiving SA would request a change in the method of anaesthesia in the event of a subsequent operation more often than the GA subjects (P<0.05). CONCLUSION: /st>GA had more favourable recovery effects after TKA compared with SA.
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- Martin, David, et al.
(author)
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Defining Major Surgery: A Delphi Consensus Among European Surgical Association (ESA) Members
- 2020
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In: World Journal of Surgery. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0364-2313 .- 1432-2323. ; 44:7, s. 2211-2219
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- © 2020, Société Internationale de Chirurgie. Background: Major surgery is a term frequently used but poorly defined. The aim of the present study was to reach a consensus in the definition of major surgery within a panel of expert surgeons from the European Surgical Association (ESA). Methods: A 3-round Delphi process was performed. All ESA members were invited to participate in the expert panel. In round 1, experts were inquired by open- and closed-ended questions on potential criteria to define major surgery. Results were analyzed and presented back anonymously to the panel within next rounds. Closed-ended questions in round 2 and 3 were either binary or statements to be rated on a Likert scale ranging from 1 (strong disagreement) to 5 (strong agreement). Participants were sent 3 reminders at 2-week intervals for each round. 70% of agreement was considered to indicate consensus. Results: Out of 305 ESA members, 67 (22%) answered all the 3 rounds. Significant comorbidities were the only preoperative factor retained to define major surgery (78%). Vascular clampage or organ ischemia (92%), high intraoperative blood loss (90%), high noradrenalin requirements (77%), long operative time (73%) and perioperative blood transfusion (70%) were procedure-related factors that reached consensus. Regarding postoperative factors, systemic inflammatory response (76%) and the need for intensive or intermediate care (88%) reached consensus. Consequences of major surgery were high morbidity (>30% overall) and mortality (>2%). Conclusion: ESA experts defined major surgery according to extent and complexity of the procedure, its pathophysiological consequences and consecutive clinical outcomes.
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- Mikkelsen, T, et al.
(author)
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Pain and sensory dysfunction 6 to 12 months after inguinal herniotomy
- 2004
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In: Anesthesia and Analgesia. - 1526-7598. ; 99:1, s. 146-151
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Inguinal hernia repair is associated with a 5%-30% incidence of chronic pain, but the pathogenesis remains unknown. We therefore evaluated pain and sensory dysfunction by quantitative sensory testing 6-12 mo after open herniorrhaphy. Before sensory testing, all patients (n = 72) completed a short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire and a functional impairment questionnaire. Sensory dysfunction in the incisional area was evaluated by quantification of thermal and mechanical thresholds, by mechanical pain responses (von Frey/pressure algometry), and by areas of pinprick hypoesthesia and tactile allodynia. The incidence of chronic pain was 28% (20 of 72). Quantitative sensory testing and pressure algometry did not demonstrate differences between the pain and nonpain groups, except for a small but significant increase in pain response to von Frey hair and brush stimulation in the pain group. Hypoesthesia, or tactile allodynia, in the incisional area was observed in 51% (37 of 72) of the patients, but the incidence did not differ significantly between the pain group and the nonpain group (14 of 20 versus 23 of 52; P > 0.3). We concluded that cutaneous hypoesthesia, or tactile allodynia, is common after inguinal herniotomy but has a low specificity for chronic postherniotomy pain. Factors other than nerve damage maybe involved in the development of chronic postherniotomy pain.
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- Werner, Mads, et al.
(author)
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Arthroscopic knee surgery does not modify hyperalgesic responses to heat injury
- 2003
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In: Anesthesiology. - 1528-1175. ; 99:5, s. 1152-1157
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Experimental studies suggest that surgical injury may up- or down-regulate nociceptive function. Therefore, the aim of this clinical study was to evaluate the effect of elective arthroscopically assisted knee surgery on nociceptive responses to a heat injury. Methods: Seventeen patients scheduled to undergo repair of the anterior cruciate ligament and 16 healthy controls were studied. The first burn injury was induced 6 days before surgery, and the second burn was induced I day after surgery with a contact thermode (12.5 cm(2), 47degreesC for 7 min) placed on the medial aspect of the calf contralateral to the surgical side. Ibuprofen and acetaminophen were given for 2 days before the first burn injury and again from the time of surgery. in the controls, the two burn injuries were separated by 7 days. Sensory variables included cumulated pain score during induction of the burn (visual analog scale), secondary hyperalgesia area, and mechanical and thermal pain perception and pain thresholds assessed before and I h after the burn injury. Results: The heat injuries induced significant increases in pain perception (P < 0.001) and decreases in pain thresholds (P < 0.02). Baseline heat pain thresholds were higher during the second burn injury in patients (P < 0.001) and controls (P < 0.01). However, there were no significant differences in pain to heat injury (P > 0.8), secondary hyperalgesia areas (P > 0.1), mechanical and thermal pain perception (P > 0.1), or mechanical and thermal pain thresholds (P > 0.08) in the burn area before surgery compared to after surgery. Conclusion: Arthroscopic knee surgery did not modify nociceptive responses to a contralaterally applied experimental burn injury.
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11. |
- Werner, Mads, et al.
(author)
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Prediction of postoperative pain by preoperative nociceptive reponses to heat stimulation
- 2004
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In: Anesthesiology. - 1528-1175. ; 100:1, s. 115-119
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Despite major advances in the understanding of the neurobiologic mechanisms of pain, the wide variation in acute pain experience has not been well explained. Therefore, the authors investigated the potential of a preoperatively induced heat injury to predict subsequent postoperative pain ratings in patients undergoing knee surgery. Methods: Twenty patients were studied. The burn injury was induced 6 days before surgery with a contact thermode (12.5 cm(2), 47degreesC for 7 min). The sensory testing, before and 1 h after the injury, included pain score during induction of the burn, secondary hyperalgesta area, thermal and mechanical pain perception, and pain thresholds. Postoperative analgesia consisted of ibuprofen and acetaminophen. Pain ratings (visual analog scale) at rest and during limb movement were followed for 10 days after surgery. Results: The burn injury was associated with development of significant hyperalgesia. There was a significant correlation between preoperative pain ratings during the burn injury and early (0-2 days, area under the curve) and late (3-10 days, area under the curve) postoperative dynamic pain ratings during limb movement. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the pain response to a preoperative heat injury may be useful in research in predicting the intensity of postoperative pain. These findings may have important implications to identify patients at risk for development of chronic pain and to stratify individuals for investigations of new analgesics.
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