| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
|
|
| 3. |
|
|
| 4. |
|
|
| 5. |
|
|
| 6. |
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
| 9. |
|
|
| 10. |
|
|
| 11. |
|
|
| 12. |
|
|
| 13. |
|
|
| 14. |
- Kjellman, P, et al.
(author)
-
Predictors of outcome in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma
- 2006
-
In: European journal of surgical oncology : the journal of the European Society of Surgical Oncology and the British Association of Surgical Oncology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0748-7983. ; 32:3, s. 345-352
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)
|
|
| 15. |
|
|
| 16. |
|
|
| 17. |
|
|
| 18. |
|
|
| 19. |
- Tennvall, Jan, et al.
(author)
-
Anaplastic thyroid carcinoma: three protocols combining doxorubicin, hyperfractionated radiotherapy and surgery.
- 2002
-
In: British Journal of Cancer. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1532-1827 .- 0007-0920. ; 86:12, s. 1848-1853
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Patients with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma can rarely be cured, but every effort should be made to prevent death due to suffocation. Between 1984 and 1999, 55 consecutive patients with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma were prospectively treated according to a combined regimen consisting of hyperfractionated radiotherapy, doxorubicin, and when feasible surgery. Radiotherapy was carried out for 5 days a week. The daily fraction until 1988 was 1.0 Gyx2 (A) and 1989-92 1.3 Gyx2 (B). Thereafter 1.6 Gyx2 (C) was administered. Radiotherapy was administered to a total target dose of 46 Gy; of which 30 Gy was administered preoperatively in the first two protocols (A and B), while the whole dose was given preoperatively in the third protocol (C). The therapy was otherwise identical. Twenty mg doxorubicin was administered intravenously weekly. Surgery was possible in 40 patients. No patient failed to complete the protocol due to toxicity. In only 13 cases (24%) was death attributed to local failure. Five patients (9%) 'had a survival' exceeding 2 years. No signs of local recurrence were seen in 33 patients (60%); 5 out of 16 patients in Protocol A, 11 out of 17 patients in Protocol B, 17 out of 22 patients in Protocol C (P=0.017). In the 40 patients undergoing additional surgery, no signs of local recurrence were seen in 5 out of 9 patients, 11 out of 14 patients and 17 out of 17 patients, respectively (P=0.005).
|
|
| 20. |
|
|
| 21. |
- Wallin, G, et al.
(author)
-
Anaplastic giant cell thyroid carcinoma
- 2004
-
In: Scandinavian journal of surgery : SJS : official organ for the Finnish Surgical Society and the Scandinavian Surgical Society. - : SAGE Publications. - 1457-4969. ; 93:4, s. 272-7
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Anaplastic (giant cell) thyroid carcinoma (ATC), is one of the most aggressive malignancies in humans with a median survival time after diagnosis of 3–6 months. Death from ATC was earlier seen because of local growth and suffocation. ATC is uncommon, accounting for less than 5% of all thyroid carcinomas. The diagnosis can be established by means of multiple fine needle aspiration biopsies, which are neither harmful nor troublesome for the patient. The cytological diagnosis of this high-grade malignant tumour is usually not difficult for a well trained cytologist. The intention to treat patients with ATC is cure, although only few of them survive. The majority of the patients are older than 60 years and treatment must be influenced by their high age. We have by using a combined modality regimen succeeded in achieving local control in most patients. Every effort should be made to control the primary tumour and thereby improve the quality of remaining life and it is important for patients, relatives and the personnel to know that cure is not impossible. Different treatment combinations have been used since 30 years including radiotherapy, cytostatic drugs and surgery, when feasible. In our latest combined regimen, 22 patients were treated with hyper fractionated radiotherapy 1.6Gy × 2 to a total target dose of 46 Gy given preoperatively, 20 mg doxorubicin was administered intravenously once weekly and surgery was carried out 2–3 weeks after the radiotherapy. 17 of these 22 patients were operated upon and none of these 17 patients got a local recurrence. In the future we are awaiting the development of new therapeutic approaches to this aggressive type of carcinoma. Inhibitors of angiogenesis might be useful. Combretastatin has displayed cytotoxicity against ATC cell lines and has had a positive effect on ATC in a patient. Sodium iodide symporter (NIS) genetherapy is also being currently considered for dedifferentiated thyroid carcinomas with the ultimate aim of making radioiodine therapy possible.
|
|
| 22. |
|
|
| 23. |
- Agreus, L., et al.
(author)
-
Significant over- and misuse of PPIs
- 2021
-
In: Lakartidningen. - 1652-7518. ; 118
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- PPIs (Proton-pump inhibitors) offers the best treatment for acid related diseases. The predominant indications for PPI prescription are: GERD eradication of H. pylori-infection in combination with antibiotics H. pylori-negative peptic ulcer healing of and prophylaxis against NSAID/COXIB--induced gastroduodenal lesions acid hypersecretory states such as Zollinger-Ellisons syndrome. The market for PPIs continues to expand in most countries. A significant over- and misuse of PPIs prevails in hospital care as well as in general practice. The predominant reasons for and mechanisms behind the over- and misuse of PPIs are well recognised. The most important consequences of this overprescription of PPIs are increasing medical costs and risk for long-term adverse side effects. Continued education and dedicated information are key factors to guide physicians, medical personnel and patients to adopt to generally accepted principles for and balanced use of PPIs.
|
|
| 24. |
|
|
| 25. |
|
|
