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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Arup, Ulf, et al.
(author)
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Professor Ingvar Kärnfelt - a birthday tribute
- 2009
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In: The Lichenologist. - Cambridge : Cambridge University Press. - 0024-2829 .- 1096-1135. ; 41:5, s. 453-456
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- On 19 July 2009 Ingvar Kärnefelt celebrated his 65th birthday. This could have meant that we, his former students, would be celebrating him in his retirement from his position as head of the Biological Museums at Lund University. We are grateful that this is not the case, as Ingvar will carry on, probably for at least one or two more years. Instead, we celebrate Ingvar because he is the main reason for all of us having studied lichenology in Lund. This special issue of The Lichenologist is dedicated to him as a birthday tribute in honour of his long and fruitful lichenological career. The main authors of all the papers in this issue are former students of Ingvar. For several of us he has not only acted as supervisor but later also as the director of the Botanical Museum where we meet him in our daily work.
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| 4. |
- Bergh, Håkan, 1958, et al.
(author)
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Predictive factors for long-term sick leave and disability pension among frequent and normal attenders in primary health care over 5 years.
- 2007
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In: Public health. - : Elsevier BV. - 0033-3506. ; 121:1, s. 25-33
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To find predictive factors for long-term sick leave (SL) and disability pension (DP) among frequent attenders (FAs) and normal attenders (NAs) in primary health care. STUDY DESIGN: A cohort study with follow-up over 5 years. METHODS: Groups of FAs and NAs were followed over 5 years. Information about background, situation, sociodemography, life events, social support and sense of coherence were gathered at baseline. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the influence of each variable on long-term SL and receipt of a DP. RESULTS: During the study period, 18.9% of FAs received long-term SL/DP compared with 6% of NAs. Chronic disease was a predictive factor for long-term SL/DP among FAs [odds ratio (OR) 7.0] and NAs (OR 3.4). Among FAs, a life event was also a predictive factor (OR 2.1). Each additional life event increased the ratio of FAs with long-term SL/DP by 110%. Conflicts and losses had the greatest negative effects on FAs. CONCLUSIONS: FAs are a high-risk group for long-term SL/DP. Besides chronic disease, a life event was the only predictive factor for long-term SL/DP among FAs. These findings indicate that FAs are a vulnerable group for stressful events. Consequently, healthcare personnel should take more notice of life events among FAs.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
- Demaziere, Christophe, 1973, et al.
(author)
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Determination of the fuel heat transfer dynamics via CFD for the purpose of noise analysis
- 2006
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In: Proc. 5th Int. Topl. Mtg. Nuclear Plant Instrumentation, Controls, and Human Machine Interface Technology (NPIC&HMIT 2006), Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA, November 12-16, 2006, American Nuclear Society. - 0894480510
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper, a 3-dimensional CFD model of a PWR fuel pin surrounded by its cooling water was developed using the Fluent code. The full heterogeneity of the system was accounted for both radially and axially, and the temperature-dependence of the thermal properties of the different constituents was explicitly taken into account. The turbulent character of the flow was modeled via a k-e model. Thereafter, sinusoidal fluctuations of the power density around its mean value were induced for oscillation frequencies ranging from 0.01 Hz to 10 Hz. The transfer function between the fluctuations of the volume-averaged fuel temperature and the fluctuations of the volume-averaged power density, and the transfer function between the fluctuations of the volume-averaged moderator temperature and the fluctuations of the volume-averaged fuel temperature were then numerically determined. While the former can be approximated by a first-order system, the estimation of the analytical expression of the latter is rather complicated, due to the spatial dependence of the temperature and velocity fields in the coolant. This paper nevertheless gives numerical estimates of these transfer functions that can be used in any axially-homogenized lumped thermal-hydraulic model.
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| 7. |
- Dustler, Magnus, et al.
(author)
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Breast compression in mammography: pressure distribution patterns
- 2012
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In: Acta Radiologica. - : SAGE Publications. - 1600-0455 .- 0284-1851. ; 53:9, s. 973-980
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Breast compression is important in mammography in order to improve image quality, better separate tissue components, and reduce absorbed dose to the breast. In this study we use a method to measure and visualize the distribution of pressure over a compressed breast in mammography. Purpose: To measure and describe the pressure distribution over the breast as a result of applied breast compression in mammography. Material and Methods: One hundred and three women aged 40.7-74.3 years (median, 48.9 years) invited for mammographic screening consented to take part in this study. They were subjected to two additional breast compressions of the left breast (standard force and approximately 50% reduction). Pressure images of the compressed breast were obtained using force sensing resistor (FSR) sensors placed underneath the compression plate. Subjects rated their experience of pain on a visual analogue scale (VAS). Results: Four pressure patterns were identified, fitting 81 of the 103 breasts, which were grouped accordingly. The remaining 22 breasts were found to correspond to a combination of any two patterns. Two groups (43 breasts) showed pressure mainly over the juxtathoracic part of the breast, had significantly greater breast thickness (P = 0.003) and had a lower mean pressure over dense tissue (P < 0.0001) than those with more evenly distributed pressure. Reducing compression force increased average breast thickness by 1.8 mm (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: The distribution of pressure differed greatly between breasts. In a large proportion of breasts the compression plate did not provide optimal compression of the breast, the compression force being absorbed in juxtathoracic structures.
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| 8. |
- Elming, Sten-Åke, et al.
(author)
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Post Jotnian basic Intrusions in the Fennoscandian Shield, and the break up of Baltica from Laurentia: a palaeomagnetic and AMS study
- 2001
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In: Precambrian Research. - 0301-9268 .- 1872-7433. ; 108:3-4, s. 215-236
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A palaeomagnetic and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS) study has been performed on dolerite sills of the Central Scandinavian Dolerite Group (CSDG) in the Fennoscandian Shield. The dolerites occur in four previously known complexes in central Sweden and Finland and from the results of this palaeomagnetic study another complex has been identified in northern Sweden. These complexes cover an area of at least 100 000 km2 and the palaeomagnetic data suggest a small difference in time between the intrusion of the dolerites. The measurements of anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility reveal a magnetic fabric with almost horizontal foliation planes and lineations that indicate fairly uniform ca NW or SE directed magma flows. The dolerites of the CSDG are geochemically rather uniform and have compositions typical of mantle derived melts formed in continental tensional settings. In a palaeomagnetic reconstruction of Baltica versus Laurentia at ca 1.27 Ga the two continents were joined, with NE Greenland attached to NW Baltica. AMS data from a few dolerites and a basalt in NE Greenland indicate magma flow directions that in the tectonic reconstruction are more or less parallel to the flow of the dolerites in Sweden. This may suggest a common magma source located at the reconstructed contact between Baltica and Laurentia. Both the dolerites in Greenland and those in Sweden are of tholeitic composition indicating an intraplate origin, which supports the interpretation of joined continents at that time. The tensional regime, that is reflected by the huge sill complexes, is in our interpretation related to the break up of Baltica from Laurentia at ca 1.27 Ga ago.
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| 10. |
- Eriksson, Per
(author)
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Magnetic properties of Neogene regional dikes from east Iceland with special reference to magma flow
- 2010
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This thesis deals with rock magnetic measurements on Neogene dikes from the eastern fjords of Iceland. A vast amount of dikes generally striking north-north-east occur as swarms in the glacially eroded lava pile. They are considered as the underlying extensions of fissure swarms in active volcanic systems which like the dike swarms converge at central volcanoes. The dike swarms and associated central volcanoes are uncovered by ca. 1500 m of glacial erosion, leaving the upper parts of these igneous units bare. Two research papers have been prepared based on field studies and measurements of rock magnetism on carefully chosen occurrences of Icelandic dikes in order to test contradicting models of dike origin. The manuscripts are included in the thesis.The first is a detail study of a single composite dike, with a core of fine grained quartz-porphyry surrounded by dolerite margins. The core of the dike was sampled in three locations, separated by ~12 km and measured for magnetic remanence and anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility. Magma flow direction in this dike was interpreted using the mirror imbrication of the minor susceptibility axes from each margin of the quartz-porphyry core of the dike. The flow regime in all three locations showed a marked flow component from north to south, supported by field evidence in the form of parabolically aligned enclaves, and shear folds. Statistical procedures of bootstrapping was utilized to define the flow and handle imbrication in both the vertical and horizontal plane thus defining direction and inclination of flow. The main contribution of this paper was to prove that anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility used to infer flow direction may give consistent and reliable results, and to present new ways (to use old techniques) to define magma flow directions.The same technique used to infer flow in paper one has sub-sequentially been applied to a far larger set of mafic dikes, extending north-east from the exhumed Álftafjörður central volcano. The second paper documents that the flow regimes from the mafic dikes showed a predominantly horizontal flow from the central volcano, supporting tectonic models that suggest shallow magma chambers to be the source of the dikes. The thesis further discusses the results from these studies in comparison to other studies on Icelandic dikes where the magma flow is determined by the direction of the major susceptibility axis.
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| 11. |
- Ferizbegovic, Mina, et al.
(author)
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Bayes control of hammerstein systems
- 2021
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In: 19th IFAC Symposium on System Identification, SYSID 2021. - : Elsevier BV. ; , s. 755-760, s. 755-760
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper, we consider data driven control of Hammerstein systems. For such systems a common control structure is a transfer function followed by a static output nonlinearity that tries to cancel the input nonlinearity of the system, which is modeled as a polynomial or piece-wise linear function. The linear part of the controller is used to achieve desired disturbance rejection and tracking properties. To design a linear part of the controller, we propose a weighted average risk criterion with the risk being the average of the squared L2 tracking error. Here the average is with respect to the observations used in the controller and the weighting is with respect to how important it is to have good control for different impulse responses. This criterion corresponds to the average risk criterion leading to the Bayes estimator and we therefore call this approach Bayes control. By parametrizing the weighting function and estimating the corresponding hyperparameters we tune the weighting function to the information regarding the true impulse response contained in the data set available to the user for the control design. The numerical results show that the proposed methods result in stable controllers with performance comparable to the optimal controller, designed using the true input nonlinearity and true plant.
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| 12. |
- Ferizbegovic, Mina, et al.
(author)
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Willems' fundamental lemma based on second-order moments
- 2021
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In: 2021 60TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL (CDC). - : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). - 9781665436595 ; , s. 396-401
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this paper, we propose variations of Willems' fundamental lemma that utilize second-order moments such as correlation functions in the time domain and power spectra in the frequency domain. We believe that using a formulation with estimated correlation coefficients is suitable for data compression, and possibly can reduce noise. Also, the formulations in the frequency domain can enable modeling of a system in a frequency region of interest.
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| 15. |
- Granberg, Albina, Doktorand i kostvetenskap, 1986-
(author)
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Koka sjuda steka : ett sociokulturellt perspektiv på matlagning i hem- och konsumentkunskap på grundsärskolan
- 2018
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In Swedish schools, the subject Home Economics (HE) is the formal setting for teaching and learning about food and how to cook. All students are obliged to learn HE, but in schools for students with mild intellectual disabilities (ID) students are offered four times as much teaching in the subject than students in regular schools. However, this learning context is underexplored. This thesis aims to create an understanding of what cooking in HE is by studying the teaching content in regard to HE cooking practices for students with mild ID through a sociocultural standpoint. Accompanying observations and qualitative semi-structured interviews were used for data collection. The observations included 16 lessons in HE in schools for students with mild ID. The interviews were conducted with 22 qualified and experienced HE teachers. Field notes from the observations and transcripts from the interviews were analyzed using a thematic analysis. A sociocultural perspective, along with the concept of cuisine, constituted the theoretical framework. The findings reveal that the teaching of cooking in HE is focused on one particular artifact, the recipe. This causes difficulties for the students concerning skills related to the design, purport and arithmetic of the recipe. The prominent role of the recipe in cooking in HE was hence captured in a novel concept, recipe literacy. The teachers also reported using a task-centered approach to teaching certain techniques and methods, such as frying, kneading and simmering. The cuisine that is represented in the data from the observations and interviews is framed within baking, primarily sweet baking. The focus on sweet baking and the students’ various difficulties when using recipes limited the possibilities for students to learn how to cook proper meals for everyday life. Thereby, a conscious choice of dishes and attention to didactics is necessary to improve the validity of the subject. By overcoming such obstacles, opportunities can therefore be created for students with mild ID to learn how to cook.
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| 16. |
- Granberg, Albina, Doktorand i kostvetenskap, 1986-
(author)
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Koka sjuda steka : Ett sociokulturellt perspektiv på matlagning i hem- och konsumentkunskap på grundsärskolan
- 2018
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In Swedish schools, the subject Home Economics (HE) is the formal setting for teaching and learning about food and how to cook. All students are obliged to learn HE, but in schools for students with mild intellectual disabilities (ID) students are offered four times as much teaching in the subject than students in regular schools. However, this learning context is underexplored. This thesis aims to create an understanding of what cooking in HE is by studying the teaching content in regard to HE cooking practices for students with mild ID through a sociocultural standpoint. Accompanying observations and qualitative semi-structured interviews were used for data collection. The observations included 16 lessons in HE in schools for students with mild ID. The interviews were conducted with 22 qualified and experienced HE teachers. Field notes from the observations and transcripts from the interviews were analyzed using a thematic analysis. A sociocultural perspective, along with the concept of cuisine, constituted the theoretical framework. The findings reveal that the teaching of cooking in HE is focused on one particular artifact, the recipe. This causes difficulties for the students concerning skills related to the design, purport and arithmetic of the recipe. The prominent role of the recipe in cooking in HE was hence captured in a novel concept, recipe literacy. The teachers also reported using a task-centered approach to teaching certain techniques and methods, such as frying, kneading and simmering. The cuisine that is represented in the data from the observations and interviews is framed within baking, primarily sweet baking. The focus on sweet baking and the students’ various difficulties when using recipes limited the possibilities for students to learn how to cook proper meals for everyday life. Thereby, a conscious choice of dishes and attention to didactics is necessary to improve the validity of the subject. By overcoming such obstacles, opportunities can therefore be created for students with mild ID to learn how to cook.
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| 19. |
- Ivarsson, Niklas, et al.
(author)
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SR Ca2+ leak in skeletal muscle fibers acts as an intracellular signal to increase fatigue resistance.
- 2019
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In: The Journal of General Physiology. - : Rockefeller University Press. - 0022-1295 .- 1540-7748. ; 151:4, s. 567-577
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Effective practices to improve skeletal muscle fatigue resistance are crucial for athletes as well as patients with dysfunctional muscles. To this end, it is important to identify the cellular signaling pathway that triggers mitochondrial biogenesis and thereby increases oxidative capacity and fatigue resistance in skeletal muscle fibers. Here, we test the hypothesis that the stress induced in skeletal muscle fibers by endurance exercise causes a reduction in the association of FK506-binding protein 12 (FKBP12) with ryanodine receptor 1 (RYR1). This will result in a mild Ca2+ leak from the sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR), which could trigger mitochondrial biogenesis and improved fatigue resistance. After giving mice access to an in-cage running wheel for three weeks, we observed decreased FKBP12 association to RYR1, increased baseline [Ca2+]i, and signaling associated with greater mitochondrial biogenesis in muscle, including PGC1α1. After six weeks of voluntary running, FKBP12 association is normalized, baseline [Ca2+]i returned to values below that of nonrunning controls, and signaling for increased mitochondrial biogenesis was no longer present. The adaptations toward improved endurance exercise performance that were observed with training could be mimicked by pharmacological agents that destabilize RYR1 and thereby induce a modest Ca2+ leak. We conclude that a mild RYR1 SR Ca2+ leak is a key trigger for the signaling pathway that increases muscle fatigue resistance.
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| 20. |
- Jensen, Mai-Britt Mose
(author)
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The Kirunavaara hangingwall : a geophysical and petrophysical analysis
- 2010
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Licentiate thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Underground mining of the Kirunavaara iron mineralization is causing large-scale deformation of the hangingwall of the orebody. To understand and possibly even predict this deformation, a good understanding of the elastic and mechanical properties of the rocks in the hangingwall is necessary. This thesis presents results from the study of Anisotropy of magnetic susceptibility (AMS), magneto-mineralogy, fracture frequency (FF), and rock quality (RQD). If a link can be found between AMS and the rock mechanical parameters FF and RQD, AMS may serve as a cheap tool for a rough indicator of rock mechanical properties. Two parallel reflection seismic profiles were shot within the town of Kiruna in order to locate deformation zones and lithological boundaries in the hangingwall. This work was done in cooperation with Uppsala University. AMS, FF and RQD data was obtained from three drillcores in the hangingwall and 13 outcrops. The drillcores are located along the southernmost of the seismic profiles. The AMS study showed that the magnetic fabric varies very much between rock types, and even within what has previously been thought of as homogeneous porphyry. Based on the magnetic fabric, 5 sub-groups of porphyries (group I-V) were identified. Results of the magneto-mineralogy study further indicate that magnetite controls the magnetic susceptibility of not just the porphyries, but all the rock types in the Kirunavaara hangingwall. The only exception is the paramagnetic type IV porphyry. Data from outcrops show a decrease in the dip of the magnetic foliation plane (F) and the degree of magnetic anisotropy (Pj) towards the east, and this was confirmed by data from drillcores. The decrease in dip also corresponds to previous studies of the structural geology in the area. For the porphyries, a qualitative correlation was found between the FF and the magnetic shape parameter (T), but no solid correlation could be established between the RQD and Pj, F or T. The magnetic data suggests that the rocks in the uppermost part of the Kirunavaara hangingwall (down to 151-185m) have been subjected to shearing while deeper rocks (below 151-185m) show signs of folding. This sub-horizontal layering is also observed in the magneto-mineralogy and RQD-data. A possible explanation is that the porphyries of the Kirunavaara hangingwall originate from (at least) two different lava-flows, the resultant rocks having a different mineralogical composition and thus different magnetic and rock mechanical properties. Five seismic reflectors, corresponding to five lithological boundaries, were located, and their strike and dip calculated. What appears to be the upper part of the Kirunavaara mineralization was also mapped, as a bonus. Tomographic modelling of first arrivals indicates the position of low velocity (deformation) zones in the near-surface, down to 200m.
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| 21. |
- Kirkeby, Agnete, et al.
(author)
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Preclinical quality, safety, and efficacy of a human embryonic stem cell-derived product for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, STEM-PD
- 2023
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In: Cell Stem Cell. - 1934-5909. ; 30:10, s. 1299-1314
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cell replacement therapies for Parkinson's disease (PD) based on transplantation of pluripotent stem cell-derived dopaminergic neurons are now entering clinical trials. Here, we present quality, safety, and efficacy data supporting the first-in-human STEM-PD phase I/IIa clinical trial along with the trial design. The STEM-PD product was manufactured under GMP and quality tested in vitro and in vivo to meet regulatory requirements. Importantly, no adverse effects were observed upon testing of the product in a 39-week rat GLP safety study for toxicity, tumorigenicity, and biodistribution, and a non-GLP efficacy study confirmed that the transplanted cells mediated full functional recovery in a pre-clinical rat model of PD. We further observed highly comparable efficacy results between two different GMP batches, verifying that the product can be serially manufactured. A fully in vivo-tested batch of STEM-PD is now being used in a clinical trial of 8 patients with moderate PD, initiated in 2022.
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| 24. |
- Larsson, Håkan, 1967-, et al.
(author)
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(Non-)Diversity and cultural (re)production in physical education teacher education : a Swedish example
- 2022
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In: Curriculum Studies in Health and Physical Education. - : Taylor & Francis Group. - 2574-2981 .- 2574-299X. ; 13:1, s. 3-18
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Research about physical education teacher education (PETE) indicates that the education program attracts homogeneous groups of students, consisting mainly of young men originating from the country in question and who have academic backgrounds. The purpose of this article is, through a case study of one Swedish PETE institution, to explore a cohort of 60 students regarding background characteristics (gender, social and migration background) and secondary characteristics (school success, experience of sport and physical activity cultures, and perceived physical ability). The case study indicated that the students have slightly more diverse backgrounds than is found in previous PETE research, but at the same time, they remain fairly homogeneous regarding, e.g. such as school success, the experience of sport and physical activity, and perceived physical ability. Attracting a more diverse group of students does not mean necessarily that the students are equally diverse when it comes to experiences of movement culture, and the abilities and knowledge that they have gained from participation in this culture.
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| 25. |
- LI, WEN, et al.
(author)
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Extensive graft-derived dopaminergic innervation is maintained 24 years after transplantation in the degenerating parkinsonian brain.
- 2016
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In: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. - : Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. - 1091-6490. ; 113:23, s. 6544-6549
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Clinical trials using cells derived from embryonic ventral mesencephalon have shown that transplanted dopaminergic neurons can survive and function in the long term, as demonstrated by in vivo brain imaging using 18F-fluorodopa and 11C-raclopride positron emission tomography. Here we report the postmortem analysis of a patient with Parkinson’s disease who 24 y earlier underwent unilateral transplantation of embryonic dopaminergic neurons in the putamen and subsequently exhibited major motor improvement and recovery of striatal dopaminergic function. Histopathological analysis showed that a dense, near-normal graft-derived dopaminergic reinnervation of the putamen can be maintained for a quarter of a century despite severe host brain pathology and with no evidence of immune response. In addition, ubiquitin- and α-synuclein–positive inclusions were seen, some with the appearance of typical Lewy bodies, in 11–12% of the grafted dopaminergic neurons, reflecting the spread of pathology from the host brain to the transplants. Because the clinical benefits induced by transplantation in this patient were gradually lost after 14 y posttransplantation, our findings provide the first reported evidence, to our knowledge, that even a viable dopaminergic graft giving rise to extensive striatal reinnervation may lose its efficacy if widespread degenerative changes develop in the host brain.
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