| 1. |
- Andersson, Magnus, et al.
(author)
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Fiskbestånd och miljö i hav och sötvatten : Resurs- och miljööversikt 2012
- 2012
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Detta är den nionde utgåvan av den samlade översikten över fisk- och kräftdjursbeståndens status i våra vatten. Kunskap om fiskbestånden och miljön är en förutsättning för att utnyttjandet av fiskresurserna skall bli bärkraftigt. För svenska vattenområden beskrivs miljöutvecklingen i ett ekosystemsperspektiv, dels för att tydliggöra fiskens ekologiska roll och beskriva yttre miljöfaktorer som påverkar fiskbestånden, dels för att belysa fiskets effekter på miljön.Fiskbestånd och miljö i hav och sötvatten är utarbetad av Sveriges lantbruksuniversitet (SLU), Institutionen för akvatiska resurser (SLU Aqua), på uppdrag av Havs- och vattenmyndigheten. Rapporten sammanfattar utveckling och beståndsstatus för de kommersiellt viktigaste fisk- och kräftdjursarterna i våra vatten. Bedömningar och förvaltningsråd är baserade på Internationella Havsforskningsrådets (ICES) rådgivning, SLU Aquas nationella och regionala provfiskedata, samt yrkesfiskets rapportering.
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| 2. |
- Backmark, Anna, 1979, et al.
(author)
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Affinity tags can reduce merohedral twinning of membrane protein crystals
- 2008
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In: Acta Crystallographica. Section D: Biological Crystallography. - 1399-0047 .- 0907-4449. ; D64, s. 1183-1186
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This work presents a comparison of the crystal packing of three eukaryotic membrane proteins: human aquaporin 1, human aquaporin 5 and a spinach plasma membrane aquaporin. All were purified from expression constructs both with and without affinity tags. With the exception of tagged aquaporin 1, all constructs yielded crystals. Two significant effects of the affinity tags were observed: crystals containing a tag typically diffracted to lower resolution than those from constructs encoding the protein sequence alone and constructs without a tag frequently produced crystals that suffered from merohedral twinning. Twinning is a challenging crystallographic problem that can seriously hinder solution of the structure. Thus, for integral membrane proteins, the addition of an affinity tag may help to disrupt the approximate symmetry of the protein and thereby reduce or avoid merohedral twinning.
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| 3. |
- Bondemark, Lars, et al.
(author)
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Funktionsstörningar och smärta
- 2008
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In: Tandläkartidningen. - 0039-6982. ; 100:9-10, s. 64-68
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Journal article (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Orofaciala funktionsstörningar och smärta är en sammanfattning av kliniska problem och sjukdomar som involverar bett, käkar, tuggmuskulatur, käkleder och omgivande strukturer. Orsakerna är oftast multifaktoriella för de barn, ungdomar och vuxna som drabbas.
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| 4. |
- Gallo, Valentina, et al.
(author)
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Physical activity and risk of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis in a prospective cohort study
- 2016
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In: European Journal of Epidemiology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284. ; 31:3, s. 255-266
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Previous case-control studies have suggested a possible increased risk of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) with physical activity (PA), but this association has never been studied in prospective cohort studies. We therefore assessed the association between PA and risk of death from ALS in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition. A total of 472,100 individuals were included in the analysis, yielding 219 ALS deaths. At recruitment, information on PA was collected through standardised questionnaires. Total PA was expressed by the Cambridge Physical Activity Index (CPAI) and analysed in relation to ALS mortality, using Cox hazard models. Interactions with age, sex, and anthropometric measures were assessed. Total PA was weakly inversely associated with ALS mortality with a borderline statistically significant trend across categories (p = 0.042), with those physically active being 33 % less likely to die from ALS compared to those inactive: HR = 0.67 (95 % CI 0.42-1.06). Anthropometric measures, sex, and age did not modify the association with CPAI. The present study shows a slightly decreased-not increased like in case-control studies-risk of dying from ALS in those with high levels of total PA at enrolment. This association does not appear confounded by age, gender, anthropometry, smoking, and education. Ours was the first prospective cohort study on ALS and physical activity.
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| 5. |
- Mattias, Lindh, et al.
(author)
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Handbok för nordlig solel
- 2020
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Reports (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Solen är en för människan evig energikälla och solel har en given plats i ett framtida hållbart och förnybart energisystem – globalt och i Sverige. Kostnaden för en solelanläggning har sjunkit drastiskt de senaste åren och tillgängligheten har ökat. Det gör solel relevant utanför de regioner som har störst solinstrålning; även i norra Skandinavien är det en långsiktigt hållbar investering ur både ett energi- och ekonomiskt perspektiv.Nordlig solel har goda men annorlunda förutsättningar jämfört med de i södra Sverige och Centraleuropa. Solens position på himlen och den instrålade energin per år är lägre, det är en stor andel diffust ljus och man kan förvänta sig mer reflektioner från en snötäckt mark på vintern. På sommaren är soltimmarna fler och solens bana längre. Medeltemperaturen är betydligt lägre på årsbasis men skillnaden mot sydligare breddgrader är mindre under sommaren då instrålningen är stor. En annan avgörande faktor är snö som under stora delar av året i norr täcker marken och potentiellt solelanläggningar. Om snötäckningen kan begränsas till de mörkaste månaderna blir årseffekterna på energiproduktionen små, men snölaster ställer höga krav på solelanläggningars kvalitet, både ur installations- och komponentperspektiv.Genom att beakta följande fem rekommendationer kan man minska risken för problem:1. Undersök snöförhållandena på platsen innan installation. Anläggningsägaren vet ofta bäst var snön brukar ansamlas och när den smälter bort eller glider av.2. Säkerställ att installationen är genomtänkt ur ett snöperspektiv. En noggrann kontroll av att installationen följer leverantörernas anvisningar är extra viktigt när förhållandena är krävande.3. Välj robusta moduler och fästanordningar – en solelanläggning ska hålla i många år och bör utformas för att klara lokala snöförhållanden.4. Utforma om möjligt anläggningen så att snöröjning inte krävs. Röj (varsamt) undan snö från anläggningen om det trots det blir nödvändigt: för att undvika takras, skydda solelanläggningen mot tryck- och glidskador från ett tjockt snötäcke och för att möjliggöra elproduktion från tidig vår.5. Montera modulerna med rätt orientering. Söderläge och så hög lutning som möjligt upp till om kring 50° (i Piteå) är generellt bäst. Ofta är man begränsad av takets utformning men även avvikelser från söder mot öst eller väst och mindre lutningar kan ge ett acceptabelt energiutbyte.Huvudregeln bör vara att: Montera solceller där solinstrålningen är stor men snö inte ansamlas!
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| 6. |
- Pigg, Maria, et al.
(author)
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A comparative analysis of MRI, CBCT and conventional radiography in patients with atypical odontalgia and symptomatic apical periodontitis : preliminary results
- 2006
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In: Swedish Dental Journal. - 0347-9994. ; 30:4, s. 173-174
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Aim: Atypical odontalgia(AO) is a chronic pain condition located in the teeth and jaws. It has been suggested, that AO is best regarded as a neuropathic pain condition, but knowledge regarding the etiology, diagnostics, and management of AO is not yet satisfactory. This pilot study evaluates the clinical usefulness of more recently developed imaging methods for intraoral pain conditions. The aim is to compare the diagnostic findings using magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) and cone beam computed tomography(CBCT) with the findings from conventional radiography in patients with atypical odontalgia(AO) and symptomatic apical periodontitis(SAP). Material and methods: 12 patients (9 F, 3 M) mean age 50,25 years, range 36 - 63 years participated in the study. The patients were referred to the Orofacial Pain Unit or the Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University. Inclusion criteria for AO were chronic pain (>6 months) located in a region where a tooth had been endodontically or surgically treated, pain with no pathological cause detectable in clinical or radiological examinations. For SAP, the inclusion criteria were recurrent pain from a tooth diagnosed with apical periodontitis in a clinical and radiographic examination. Ten of the patients in the study were diagnosed with AO and two with SAP. The patients were clinically assessed with a qualitative somatosensory examination, a dental examination, an examination of the masticatory system(RDC/TMD), and panoramic and intraoral radiographs. A questionnaire was used to gather information about pain characteristics, psychosocial status(SCL-90), and quality of life. Besides these measures, each patient underwent a CBCT(3D-Accuitomo, J Morita Co) examination and a MRI(Siemens Sonata Vision 1.5 T) examination with and without contrast enhancement. Contrast was enhanced by injections of Magnevist (469 mg/ml, Schering Nordiska). Bone destruction, sclerosis, and signs of inflammation were the main parameters studied. Results: In the preliminary results, average pain intensity was 6.3 on a numerical rating scale(NRS) and average pain duration was 3,6 years. 83% exhibited somatosensory abnormalities. Bone destruction not visible in the intraoral and panoramic radiographs was detected with CBCT in 40% (4/10) of the patients diagnosed with AO, and signs of inflammation were detected in the MRIs of 20% (2/10) of the patients diagnosed with AO. Conclusion: Preliminary findings indicate that CBCT and MRI can provide additional information to conventional radiography in the diagnosis of intraoral orofacial pain. Further studies with larger sample sizes of AO and SAP patients are necessary to determine the clinical relevance of these findings.
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Pigg, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Diagnostic yield of conventional radiographic and cone-beem computed tomographic images in patients with atypical odontalgia
- 2011
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In: International Endodontic Journal. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0143-2885 .- 1365-2591. ; 12:44, s. 1092-1101
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Abstract AIM: To investigate whether the additional diagnostic yield of a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) examination over conventional radiographs in patients primarily suspected of having atypical odontalgia (AO) improves differentiation between AO and symptomatic apical periodontitis (SAP) in patients with severe chronic intraoral pain. METHODOLOGY: In this clinical study, 25 patients (mean age 54 ± 11 years, range 34-72) participated; 20 were diagnosed with AO and 5 with SAP. All patients were recruited from the clinics of the Faculty of Odontology, Malmö University. AO inclusion criteria were chronic pain (>6 months) in a region where a tooth had been endodontically or surgically treated, with no pathological cause detectable in clinical or radiologic examinations. SAP inclusion criteria were recurrent pain from a tooth diagnosed with apical periodontitis in clinical and radiographic examinations. Assessments comprised a self-report questionnaire on pain characteristics, a comprehensive clinical examination and a radiographic examination including panoramic and intraoral radiographs and CBCT images. The main outcome measure was periapical bone destruction. RESULTS: Sixty per cent of patients with AO had no periapical bone destructions detectable with any radiographic method. Overall, CBCT rendered 17% more periapical bone destructions than conventional radiography. Average pain intensity in patients with AO was 5.6 (± 1.8) on a 0-10 numerical rating scale, and average pain duration was 4.3 (± 5.2) years. CONCLUSION: Cone-beam computed tomography improves identification of patients without periapical bone destruction, which may facilitate differentiation between AO and SAP.
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| 9. |
- Wikberg, Carl, et al.
(author)
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Comparison Between the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale–Self and the Beck Depression Inventory II in Primary Care
- 2015
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In: The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders. - 0160-6689 .- 1555-2101 .- 2155-7772. ; 17:3
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: The Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale–Self (MADRS-S) and the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) are commonly used self-assessment instruments for screening and diagnosis of depression. The BDI-II has 21 items and the MADRS-S has 9 items. These instruments have been tested with psychiatric inpatients but not in outpatient primary care, where most patients with symptoms of depression initially seek treatment. The purpose of this study was to compare these 2 instruments in the primary care setting. Method: Data were collected from 2 primary care randomized controlled trials that were performed from 2010 to 2013 in Sweden: the Primary Care Self-Assessment MADRS-S Study and Primary Care Internet-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Study. There were 146 patients (73 patients each from both trials) who had newly diagnosed mild or moderate depression (per DSM-IV recommendations) and who had assessment with both the MADRS-S and BDI-II at primary care centers. Comparability and reliability of the instruments were estimated by Pearson product moment correlation and Cronbach α. Results: A good correlation was observed between the 2 instruments: 0.66 and 0.62 in the 2 study cohorts. The reliability within the 2 study cohorts was good for both MADRS-S (Cronbach α: 0.76 for both cohorts) and BDI-II items (Cronbach α: 0.88 and 0.85). Conclusions: The 2 instruments showed good comparability and reliability for low, middle, and high total depression scores. The MADRS-S may be used as a rapid, easily administered, and inexpensive tool in primary care and has results comparable to the BDI-II in all domains.
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| 10. |
- Wolf, Eva, et al.
(author)
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Long-term follow-up by means of a questionnaire of 109 patients with long-lasting orofacial pain.
- 2002
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In: Swedish Dental Journal. - : Swedish Dental Association. - 0347-9994. ; 26:3, s. 125-34
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aims were to follow-up, analyse and compare the pain status after 4-9 years with that at the baseline examination of 109 consecutive patients referred to the Pain Group at the Faculty of Odontology in Malmö, Sweden during the period 1988-1993 due to long-lasting orofacial pain. A further aim was to identify predictive factors of significance for pain alteration. 85 (78%) women with a median age of 51 years and 24 (22%) men with a median age of 60 years were included in the study. A survey of the pain status at the follow-up was conducted by means of a mailed questionnaire. The questionnaire covered the following aspects: pain alteration, pain intensity, pain location, medication and education. After one reminder, the non-responding patients were called for a telephone interview. A response level of 85% was obtained. Significant improvements were noted by the patients in the answers of the questionnaire in mainly three areas; the patients answered individually that pain relief had occurred, pain intensity rated on the VAS was lower at follow-up compared to the baseline examination and a decrease in drug use was reported. The responses indicated pain relief for 75% of the patients. However, only 27% of the patients experienced total disappearance of pain. Medication at baseline with opioids, muscle relaxants with central effect, antidepressants, neuroleptics, hypnotics or sedatives was found to be a predictive factor for persistent pain.
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| 11. |
- Adamson, Carly, et al.
(author)
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Dapagliflozin for Heart Failure According to Body Mass Index : The DELIVER Trial.
- 2022
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In: European heart journal. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0195-668X .- 1522-9645. ; 43:41, s. 4406-4417
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- AIMS: Obesity is common and associated with unique phenotypic features in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Therefore, understanding the efficacy and safety of new therapies in HFpEF patients with obesity is important. The effects of dapagliflozin were examined according to body mass index (BMI) among patients in the Dapagliflozin Evaluation to Improve the LIVEs of Patients With PReserved Ejection Fraction Heart Failure trial. METHODS AND RESULTS: Body mass index was analysed by World Health Organization (WHO) categories and as a continuous variable using restricted cubic splines. Body mass index ranged from 15.2 to 50 kg/m2 with a mean value of 29.8 (standard deviation +/- 6.1) kg/m2. The proportions, by WHO category, were: normal weight 1343 (21.5%); overweight 2073 (33.1%); Class I obesity 1574 (25.2%); Class II obesity 798 (12.8%); and Class III obesity 415 (6.6%). Compared with placebo, dapagliflozin reduced the risk of the primary outcome to a similar extent across these categories: hazard ratio (95% confidence interval): 0.89 (0.69-1.15), 0.87 (0.70-1.08), 0.74 (0.58-0.93), 0.78 (0.57-1.08), and 0.72 (0.47-1.08), respectively (P-interaction = 0.82). The placebo-corrected change in Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire total symptom score with dapagliflozin at 8 months was: 0.9 (-1.1, 2.8), 2.5 (0.8, 4.1), 1.9 (-0.1, 3.8), 2.7 (-0.5, 5.8), and 8.6 (4.0, 13.2) points, respectively (P-interaction = 0.03). The placebo-corrected change in weight at 12 months was: -0.88 (-1.28, -0.47), -0.65 (-1.04, -0.26), -1.42 (-1.89, -0.94), -1.17 (-1.94, -0.40), and -2.50 (-4.4, -0.64) kg (P-interaction = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: Obesity is common in patients with HFpEF and is associated with higher rates of heart failure hospitalization and worse health status. Treatment with dapagliflozin improves cardiovascular outcomes across the spectrum of BMI, leads to greater symptom improvement in patients with obesity, compared with those without, and has the additional benefit of causing modest weight loss.
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| 12. |
- af Winklerfelt Hammarberg, Sandra, et al.
(author)
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Clinical effectiveness of care managers in collaborative primary health care for patients with depression : 12-and 24-month follow-up of a pragmatic cluster randomized controlled trial
- 2022
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In: BMC Primary Care. - : Springer Nature. - 2731-4553. ; 23:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background In previous studies, we investigated the effects of a care manager intervention for patients with depression treated in primary health care. At 6 months, care management improved depressive symptoms, remission, return to work, and adherence to anti-depressive medication more than care as usual. The aim of this study was to compare the long-term effectiveness of care management and usual care for primary care patients with depression on depressive symptoms, remission, quality of life, self-efficacy, confidence in care, and quality of care 12 and 24 months after the start of the intervention. Methods Cluster randomized controlled trial that included 23 primary care centers (11 intervention, 12 control) in the regions of Vastra Gotaland and Dalarna, Sweden. Patients >= 18 years with newly diagnosed mild to moderate depression (n = 376: 192 intervention, 184 control) were included. Patients at intervention centers co-developed a structured depression care plan with a care manager. Via 6 to 8 telephone contacts over 12 weeks, the care manager followed up symptoms and treatment, encouraged behavioral activation, provided education, and communicated with the patient's general practitioner as needed. Patients at control centers received usual care. Adjusted mixed model repeated measure analysis was conducted on data gathered at 12 and 24 months on depressive symptoms and remission (MADRS-S); quality of life (EQ5D); and self-efficacy, confidence in care, and quality of care (study-specific questionnaire). Results The intervention group had less severe depressive symptoms than the control group at 12 (P = 0.02) but not 24 months (P = 0.83). They reported higher quality of life at 12 (P = 0.01) but not 24 months (P = 0.88). Differences in remission and self-efficacy were not significant, but patients in the intervention group were more confident that they could get information (53% vs 38%; P = 0.02) and professional emotional support (51% vs 40%; P = 0.05) from the primary care center. Conclusions Patients with depression who had a care manager maintained their 6-month improvements in symptoms at the 12- and 24-month follow-ups. Without a care manager, recovery could take up to 24 months. Patients with care managers also had significantly more confidence in primary care and belief in future support than controls.
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| 13. |
- Agredo Chavez, Angelica Maria, et al.
(author)
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Cracking and Fatigue of Heavy Loaded Prestressed Concrete Bridge in Sweden
- 2022
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In: IABSE Symposium Prague 2022: Challenges for Existing and Oncoming Structures - Report, International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering. - Zürich : International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering. ; , s. 792-799
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A prestressed concrete bridge was built in 1963 with BBRV cables. It has three spans and a total length of 134.8 m. Due to mining activities the bridge was loaded with trucks with a total weight of 90 ton during 2012-2014 and from 2019. Crack development has been monitored manually and from 2020 with strain gauges and LVDTs.Cracks normally vary between 0.1 to 0.3 mm in width and grow in length with time. In November 2020 some of the strain gauges on the concrete showed alarming growth and the bridge was closed for traffic. Additional strain gauges were installed on vertical reinforcement bars and an assessment was carried out of the fatigue capacity of the bridge. It was found that the new strain gauges did not indicate any growth in strain and that the fatigue capacity was sufficient. The bridge could be opened again for traffic after being closed for five weeks. Monitoring drift in the strain gauges and fatigue are discussed.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
- Altman, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Prolonged second stage of labor is associated with low Apgar score
- 2015
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In: European Journal of Epidemiology. - Stockholm : Karolinska Institutet, Dept of Medicine, Solna. - 0393-2990 .- 1573-7284.
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- There is no consensus on the effects of a prolonged second stage of labor on neonatal outcomes. In this large Swedish population-based cohort study, our objective was to investigate prolonged second stage and risk of low Apgar score at 5 minutes. All nulliparous women (n= 32 796) delivering a live born singleton infant in cephalic presentation at ≥37 completed weeks after spontaneous onset of labor between 2008 and 2012 in the counties of Stockholm and Gotland were included. Data were obtained from computerized records. Exposure was time from fully retracted cervix until delivery. Logistic regression analyses were used to estimate crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Adjustments were made for maternal age, height, BMI, smoking, sex, gestational age, sex-specific birth weight for gestational age and head circumference. Epidural analgesia was included in a second model. The primary outcome measure was Apgar score at 5 minutes <7 and <4. We found that the overall rates of 5 minute Apgar score <7 and <4 were 7.0 and 1.3 per 1000 births, respectively. Compared to women with <1 hour from retracted cervix to birth, adjusted ORs of Apgar score <7 at 5 minutes generally increased with length of second stage of labor: 1-<2 hours: OR 1.78 (95% CI 1.19-2.66); 2- <3 hours: OR 1.66 (1.05-2.62); 3-<4 hours: OR 2.08 (1.29-3.35); and ≥4 hours: OR 2.71 (1.67-4.40). We conclude that prolonged second stage of labor is associated with an increased risk of low 5 minute Apgar score.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Amouzad Mahdiraji, Saeid, et al.
(author)
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An Optimization Model for the Placement of Mobile Stroke Units
- 2024
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In: Advanced Research in Technologies, Information, Innovation and Sustainability - 3rd International Conference, ARTIIS 2023, Proceedings. - : Springer. - 1865-0929 .- 1865-0937. - 9783031488573 - 9783031488580 ; 1935 CCIS, s. 297-310
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Mobile Stroke Units (MSUs) are specialized ambulances that can diagnose and treat stroke patients; hence, reducing the time to treatment for stroke patients. Optimal placement of MSUs in a geographic region enables to maximize access to treatment for stroke patients. We contribute a mathematical model to optimally place MSUs in a geographic region. The objective function of the model takes the tradeoff perspective, balancing between the efficiency and equity perspectives for the MSU placement. Solving the optimization problem enables to optimize the placement of MSUs for the chosen tradeoff between the efficiency and equity perspectives. We applied the model to the Blekinge and Kronoberg counties of Sweden to illustrate the applicability of our model. The experimental findings show both the correctness of the suggested model and the benefits of placing MSUs in the considered regions.
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| 19. |
- Andersén, Annelie, 1977-, et al.
(author)
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Yrkesämnesdidaktik på universitet : Mål, innehåll, arbetssätt och examination
- 2018
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In: Nordic Journal of Vocational Education and Training. - Linköping : Linköping University Electronic Press. - 2242-458X. ; 8:3, s. 98-123
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this article is to investigate learning goals, content, working methods and examinations in the vocational didactic sections of the vocational teacher education programme. In a case study, a total of forty study guides from one vocational teacher education programme have been analysed in order to answer what central content is highlighted, how the goals are examined, and what course literature is used in vocational subject didactics in a selected vocational teacher education programme at a Swedish university. The aim of the analysis, based on Hiim’s (2010) model, is to find both clearly expressed and more latent elements. The results answer questions on what the subject didactics contain in three different courses. Vocational teacher educators plan their teaching with regard to the goals of vocational subject didactics, but the interpretation of goals varies among different educators and within different vocational subjects. The result also gives some indications of what could be general differences and similarities within and between different didactics teacher groups and/or vocational subjects. The analysis of the study guides also shows that educational background and the form of employment of educators seem to be of importance.
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Andersson, Maria A., et al.
(author)
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Evaluation of the potential genotoxicity of chromium picolinate in mammalian cells in vivo and in vitro
- 2007
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In: Food and Chemical Toxicology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0278-6915 .- 1873-6351. ; 45:7, s. 1097-1106
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Chromium picolinate (CrPic) is a synthetic nutritional supplement primarily used for weight loss and muscle building. Recent studies have indicated that CrPic might be genotoxic and these findings together with the wide-spread consumer use, have increased the concern about its safety. In the present study we investigated the potential genotoxicity of CrPic in mice given a single intraperitoneal injection (up to 3 mg/kg b.wt.) by evaluating the frequency of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (fMNPCE) in peripheral blood, and DNA damage in lymphocytes and hepatocytes. The fMNPCE was evaluated after 42 h and DNA damage after 16 h. Using the Comet assay DNA damage was also monitored in extended-term cultures of human lymphocytes and in L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells that had been exposed for 3 h to 500 μM CrPic under different exposure conditions.A slight, but significant CrPic-induced increase in DNA damage (P < 0.001) was observed in the human lymphocytes, but only when these cells were exposed in the absence of serum. In all other experiments CrPic was found to be without genotoxic effects, both in vivo and in vitro. Taken together, our results suggest that a high concentration of CrPic might be DNA damaging, but only under non-physiological conditions.
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| 22. |
- Andersson, Maria L. E., et al.
(author)
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Early increase in serum-COMP is associated with joint damage progression over the first five years in patients with rheumatoid arthritis
- 2013
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In: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2474. ; 14
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Currently available biomarkers for the early tissue process leading to joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis are insufficient and lack prognostic accuracy, possibly a result of variable activity of the disease over time. This study represents a novel approach to detect an altered activity of the disease process detected as increasing serum-COMP levels over a short time and whether this would correlate with joint damage progression over the first 5 years of disease. Methods: In all, 349 patients from the Swedish BARFOT early RA study were examined. Serum-COMP was analysed by ELISA at diagnosis and after 3 months. Based on changes in serum-COMP levels, three subgroups of patients were defined: those with unchanged levels (change <= 20%) (N=142), decreasing levels (> 20%) (N=173) and increasing levels (> 20%) (N=34). Radiographs of hands and feet were obtained at inclusion, after 1, 2 and 5 years and scored according to Sharp van der Heijde (SHS). Radiographic progression was defined as increase in SHS by >= 5.8. Results: The group of patients with increasing COMP levels showed higher median change in total SHS and erosion scores at 1, 2 and 5 year follow-up compared with the groups with stable or decreasing COMP levels. Furthermore, the odds ratio of radiographic progression was 2.8 (95% CI 1.26-6.38) for patients with increasing COMP levels vs. patients with unchanged levels. The group of patients with increasing COMP levels had higher ESR at inclusion but there were no baseline differences between the groups for age, gender, disease duration, disease activity (DAS28), function (HAQ), CRP, nor presence of rheumatoid factor or anti-CCP. Importantly, neither did changes over the 3-month period in DAS28, HAQ, ESR nor CRP differ between the groups and these variables did not correlate to joint damage progression. Conclusion: Increasing serum-COMP levels between diagnosis and the subsequent 3 months in patients with early RA represents a novel indicator of an activated destructive process in the joint and is a promising tool to identify patients with significant joint damage progression during a 5-year period.
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| 23. |
- Andersson, Maria, et al.
(author)
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Serum levels of Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein (COMP) increase temporarily after physical exercise in patients with knee osteoarthritis
- 2006
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In: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1471-2474. ; 7
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: COMP (Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein) is a matrix protein, which is currently studied as a potential serum marker for cartilage processes in osteoarthritis (OA). The influence of physical exercise on serum COMP is not fully elucidated. The objective of the present study was to monitor serum levels of COMP during a randomised controlled trial of physical exercise vs. standardised rest in individuals with symptomatic and radiographic knee OA. Methods: Blood samples were collected from 58 individuals at predefined time points before and after exercise or rest, one training group and one control group. The physical exercise consisted of a one-hour supervised session twice a week and daily home exercises. In a second supplementary study 7 individuals were subjected to the same exercise program and sampling of blood was performed at fixed intervals before, immediately after, 30 and 60 minutes after the exercise session and then with 60 minutes interval for another five hours after exercise to monitor the short-term changes of serum COMP. COMP was quantified with a sandwich-ELISA (AnaMar Medical, Lund, Sweden). Results: Before exercise or rest no significant differences in COMP levels were seen between the groups. After 60 minutes exercise serum COMP levels increased (p<0.001). After 60 minutes of rest the serum levels decreased (p=0.003). Median serum COMP values in samples obtained prior to exercise or rest at baseline and after 24 weeks did not change between start and end of the study. In the second study serum COMP was increased immediately after exercise (p=0.018) and had decreased to baseline levels after 30 minutes. Conclusion: Serum COMP levels increased during exercise in individuals with knee OA, whereas levels decreased during rest. The increased serum COMP levels were normalized 30 minutes after exercise session, therefore we suggest that samples of blood for analysis of serum COMP should be drawn after at least 30 minutes rest in a seated position. No increase was seen after a six-week exercise program indicating that any effect of individualized supervised exercise on cartilage turnover is transient.
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| 24. |
- André-Petersson, Lena, et al.
(author)
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Social support at work and the risk of myocardial infarction and stroke in women and men.
- 2007
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In: Social Science and Medicine. - : Elsevier BV. - 1873-5347 .- 0277-9536. ; 64:4, s. 830-841
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- It has been proposed that lack of social support in a work place characterized by high levels of stress, may increase the likelihood of future cardiovascular disease. The aim of this study was to analyze the prospective impact of social support at work in combination with self-reported work stress on incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) and stroke in a cohort of 4707 women (mean age: 54.2 years) and 3063 men (mean age: 55.5 years) in Malmo, Sweden. The results are based oil self-reports of work-related stress and social support collected at baseline examinations between the years 1992 and 1996. Work-stress was operationalized according to the Karasek job strain model. Data on incidence of NIL and stroke were obtained from national and regional registers. At the end of follow-up, December 31, 2001, 38 women had experienced an MI and 53 had had a stroke. Corresponding figures for men were 114 MIs and 81 strokes. The first finding was that social support at work was an independent predictor of an M I and stroke among women. The second finding was that there was no evidence to support the iso-strain model. The third finding was that low levels of social support at work together with a passive work situation indicated an increased risk of a future cardiovascular outcome (NI I or stroke) during follow-up in the female group. In men, no association was found between any psychosocial work conditions and incidence of MI or stroke during the same follow-up period. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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| 25. |
- Annerbo, Kerstin, 1964-, et al.
(author)
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Bibliotekarier och forskningsutställningar : "Mission impossible"?
- 2021
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In: När nyfikenhet, driv och kreativitet möts. - Stockholm : Kungliga biblioteket. - 9789170004315 - 9789170004322 - 9789170004339 ; , s. 53-61
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Book chapter (pop. science, debate, etc.)abstract
- Att bibliotekens uppgifter kan skifta eller ändra fokus, så att?arbetsformer förändras och bibliotekariers roller därigenom?omformas, är varken nytt eller konstigt. Så har det alltid varit.?En av de nya rollerna för bibliotekarier som blivit vanligare?på senare år är utvecklings- och producentrollen. Ta del av ett?samtal om hur verksamheten med att skapa forskningsutställningar har utvecklats på Linköpings universitetsbibliotek.
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