| 1. |
- Amato, Clara, et al.
(author)
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Think Entrepreneurially: Entrepreneurs vs. non-Entrepreneurs Cognitive Profiles
- 2018
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In: International Journal of Entrepreneurship. - 1099-9264. ; 22:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Many recent contributions try to identify the way of thinking of individuals who pursue entrepreneurial careers (Shepherd & Patzelt, 2018). This study aims at investigating the cognitive styles (i.e., the stable preferred way to thinking by an individual) of a sample of entrepreneurs (vs. non-entrepreneurs.) According to Sternberg’s theories (1998) and based on the previous researches it is assumed that some cognitive styles better describe the entrepreneurial way of thinking. Through a discriminant analysis, this assumption has been assessed on an Italian sample of 276 participants (147 entrepreneurs and 129 non- entrepreneurs.) The data show that the anarchical (i.e., a random approach to problems, by sometimes drawing up connections that the others would not be able to establish), legislative (i.e., the free decision of what to do and how to do it), internal (i.e., the inclination towards autonomy for the performance of tasks), and liberal style (i.e., the tendency to deviate from the way in which things are currently made) are distinctive of the Entrepreneurs group, confirming the assumption concerning different cognitive profiles between the two groups interviewed. Directions for future research are discussed.
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| 2. |
- Archer, Trevor, 1949, et al.
(author)
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Cognitive benefits of exercise intervention
- 2016
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In: Clinica Terapeutica. - 0009-9074 .- 1972-6007. ; 167:6, s. 180-185
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- © Società Editrice Universo (SEU).Exercise, as a potent epigenetic regulator, implies the potential to counteract pathophysiological processes and alterations in most cardiovascular/respiratory cells and tissues not withstanding a paucity of understanding the underlying molecular mechanisms and doseresponse relationships. In the present account, the assets accruing from physical exercise and its influence upon executive functioning are examined. Under conditions of neuropsychiatric and neurologic ill-health, age-related deterioration of functional and biomarker indicators during healthy and disordered trajectories, neuroimmune and affective unbalance, and epigenetic pressures, exercise offers a large harvest of augmentations in health and well-being. Both animal models and human studies support the premise of manifest gains from regular exercise within several domains, besides cognitive function and mood, notably as the agency of a noninvasive, readily available therapeutic intervention.
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| 3. |
- Archer, Trevor, 1949, et al.
(author)
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Drug abuse neurotoxicity: alcohol and nicotine as developmental stressors
- 2013
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In: Handbook of Neurotoxicity. - : Springer. - 9781461458357 ; , s. 2003-2023
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Drugs of abuse have the property of inducing adverse health complications, not least neurotoxicity under conditions where both the environmental conditions and activity states associated with their intake may strongly enhance drug toxicity, thereby causing life-threatening health complications and tragedy for relations and caregivers. While both chronic alcohol and/or nicotine abuse induce a variety of neuropathological effects, including damage to the brain, the extent of damage and disruption observed in the developing brain and CNS is a considerable affliction for the affected individuals. On the basis of laboratory and clinical studies, the potential of chemicals, including therapeutic and abused agents, to induce neurotoxic effects has been assessed, with considerations of abuse drugs neurotoxicity encompassing several factors that may accelerate and complicate prevailing conditions; the type and influence of environmental conditions, the presence of daily habits such as coffee breaks/smoking breaks, nutritional status, and neuroimmune system mobilization. Abuse neurotoxicity at several stages of early development, alcohol neurotoxicity, nicotine neurotoxicity, and combinations of alcohol-nicotine neurotoxicity present a threatening scenario of two compounds, benefitting from legality and availability that nevertheless have such potential for destruction over multiple domains, particularly in the undeveloped brain.
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| 4. |
- Archer, Trevor, 1949, et al.
(author)
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Factors governing personal health and development: stress (distress) and empowerment : I fattori che regolano la salute personale e lo sviluppo: Stress (distress) e potenziamento
- 2014
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In: Panminerva Medica. - 0031-0808. ; 56:1 suppl. 1, s. 101-107
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Individuals express personal attributes that render them vulnerable to stress to greater or lesser extent. According to how we deal with all the events, incidents and interactions upon our daily lives, whether Monday to Friday working days or the weekends with expected rest, the progression of our life cycles develop, in some cases towards relative life satisfaction, psychological well-being and health but sadly in others towards dissatisfaction, a lack of psychological well-being and ill-health. Stress and distress may exert adaptive or maladaptive influences. Psychosocial stress, physiological stress, stress-inducing immunosenescence, or oxidative forms of stress are generally associated with detrimental effects upon personal health and development. Nevertheless, the adaptive aspect of stress ought not to be neglected since the capacity and ability to cope with stress, develop one’s own personal resources to accommodate coping strategies, hardiness and resilience all provide stages to elevate an individual’s developmental trajectory. Education, self-learning and an optimal life-style based upon healthy attachment to self all endower us with personal empowerment which is further reinforced when we facilitate the empowerment of others as evidence of our attachment to them. The related, yet distinctive, qualities, dignitas and auctoritas, capture the requirement of empowerment in self-fulfilling personal profiles. An individual with dignitas has acquired accomplishments, personal habits and a special ‘aura’ that invariably commands respect whether this person is a gardener or a general whereas auctoritas is conferred, rather than acquired, in the hope that this person will empower both others and himself/herself. One measure of success, perhaps the most important, is offered by the degree to which we empower our own personal health and development, and the extent to which we facilitate that of others.
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| 5. |
- Archer, Trevor, 1949, et al.
(author)
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Neurodegenerative Aspects in Vulnerability to Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders
- 2014
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In: Neurotoxicity Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1029-8428 .- 1476-3524. ; 26:4, s. 400-413
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The neurodegenerative and neurotoxic aspects of schizophrenia and/or psychosis involve genetic, epigenetic, and neurotoxic propensities that impinge upon both the symptom domains and the biomarkers of the disorder, involving cellular apoptosis/excitotoxicity, increased reactive oxygen species formation, viral and bacterial infections, anoxic birth injury, maternal starvation, drugs of abuse, particularly cannabis, metabolic accidents, and other chemical agents that disrupt normal brain development or the integrity of brain tissues. Evidence for premorbid and prodromal psychotic phases, aspects of neuroimaging, dopamine, and psychosis vulnerability, and perinatal aspects provide substance for neurodegenerative influences. Not least, the agencies of antipsychotic contribute to the destructive spiral that disrupts normal structure and function. The etiopathogenesis of psychosis is distinguished also by disruptions of the normal functioning of the neurotrophins, in particular brain-derived neurotrophic factor, dyskinesic aspects, immune system disturbances, and metabolic aspects. Whether detrimental to neurodevelopment or tissue-destructive, or an acceleration of neurotoxic pathways, the notion of neurodegeneration in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia spectrum and psychotic disorders continues to gather momentum.
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| 6. |
- Archer, Trevor, 1949, et al.
(author)
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Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine in Mood Disorders
- 2013
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In: Handbook of Neurotoxicity. - : Springer. - 9781461458357 ; , s. 2181-2205
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Neurotoxic vulnerability that putatively contributes to the etiopathogenesis of schizophrenia spectrum disorders encompasses perinatal adversity, genetic linkage, epigenetic disadvantage, and neurodegenerative propensities that affect both symptom domains, positive, negative, and cognitive and biomarkers of the disorder. Molecular and cellular apoptosis/excitotoxicity that culminates in regional brain loss, reductions reelin expression, trophic disruption, perinatal adversity, glycogen kinase-3 dysregulation, and various instances of oxidative stress all influence the final end point. The existence of prodromal psychotic phases, structural-functional aspects of regional neuroimaging, dopamine signal overexpression, and psychosis propensity provide substance for neurodegenerative influences. The pathophysiology of schizophrenia spectrum disorders encompasses the destruction of normal functioning of the neurotrophins, in particular brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), dyskinesia of necessary ,ovements, and metabolic-metabolomic and proteomic markers. Neurotoxic accidents combined with genetic susceptibility appear to play a role in interfering with normal neurodevelopment or in tissue-destructive neurodegeneration or both, thereby elevating the eventual risk for disorder tendencies and eventual expression
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| 7. |
- Archer, Trevor, 1949, et al.
(author)
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Pharmacogenomics and Personalized Medicine in Mood Disorders
- 2013
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In: Omics for Personalized Medicine. - New Delhi : Springer. - 9788132211839 ; :309, s. 309-334
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Pharmacogenomics and the search for personalized medicine focus on the attainment of individualized pharmacotherapies that cover genetic variation and target groups of patients that present neurodevelopmental aspects of symptom profiles and biomarkers underlying the pathophysiology of mood disorders. The identification of genetic biomarkers facilitates choice of treatment, prediction of response, and prognosis of outcome over a wide spectrum of symptoms associated with affective states thereby optimizing clinical practice procedures. Several strategies, under development and refinement, show the propensity for derivation of essential elements in the etiopathogenesis of disorder affecting drug efficacy, drug metabolism, and drug adverse effects, e.g., with regard to SSRIs; these include the following: transporter gene expression and genes encoding receptor systems, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis factors, neurotrophic factors, and inflammatory factors affecting neuroimmune function. Nevertheless, procedural considerations of pharmacogenetics presume the parallel investment of policies and regulations to withstand eventual attempts at misuse thereby ensuring patient integrity
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| 8. |
- Corsi, M., et al.
(author)
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Cognitive disability in alzheimer's disease and its management
- 2016
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In: Clinica Terapeutica. - 0009-9074. ; 167:5, s. 123-126
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Cognitive disability linked to neurodegenerative diseases and in particular to Alzheimer's disease, remains an increasing cause for concern through a dramatic prevalence increment and associated socioeconomic burdens. Initially Alzheimer's disease develops asymptomatically with primary clinical signs, such as memory impairment, decline of spatial and perceptual abilities, occurring at a later stage. This delay implies the possibility of promoting early interventions during the pre-symptomatic stage of the disease. Different strategies have been applied in order to prevent/delay onset of Alzheimer's disease or at least to improve quality of life and health conditions of Alzheimer's disease patients and their caregivers, especially in the absence of current viable therapies. Multidomain interventions, aimed at affecting several risk factors simultaneously, offer a versatility that may attain improved outcomes in comparison with single-domain prevention trials. These multidomain interventions involve diet, physical exercise, cognitive training and social activities, while music therapy, improving self-consciousness and reducing neurofibrils, may contribute to deceleration/delay onset of Alzheimer's disease progression. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) provides broad applications to improve quality of life and well-being of Alzheimer's disease patients and caregivers, suffering from psychological distress, as well as reducing additional public health costs.
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| 9. |
- Crusco, M., et al.
(author)
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Gambling and the need for new responses in Public Health with an addiction "sine substantia"
- 2016
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In: Clinica Terapeutica. - 0009-9074. ; 167:6
-
Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Background. The Gambling Disorder (GD) was recently defined as a behavioral addiction by the "The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders IV"(DSM-V) since the clinical, neurobiological and psychopathological similarities led it to be defined it as an addiction "sine substantia". The aim of this study is to formulate an "identikit" of the gambler, to evaluate a possible association between GD/emotional specific factors and the correlation between GD/substance abuse, GD/suicide. Method. In the study, 41 subjects were included (31 males and 10 females) and all were diagnosed with GD. A questionnaire was distributed containing 24 questions deriving from South Oaks Gambling Screen and the DSM-IVTR. Results. The study showed that 51% of the respondents makes use of alcohol and/or drugs; that 73% of the patients started playing in order to relieve feelings of dysphoria and suffering consequences on work as well as family life (51%). A great deal of the respondents were indebted (39%) to the extent of needing to ask for loans from usurer (17%). Furthermore, 41% of the respondents in the sample showed that GD could be transformed into an alarming risk of suicide. Discussion. The correlation between GD and drug abuse may depend on the brain function and the neural circuits that support impulsive behavior and the gratification mechanisms. Emotional experiences (stress, low level of education, divorce, poor social support) could constitute a possible risk factor that increases the GD. The committed offenses related to gambling could be explained by "loss of control". Conclusion. The results of the present study contributes to the body of knowledge regarding the size of phenomenon from a statistical and epidemiological point of view, suggesting the necessity for targeted information on the risks connected to GD in order to capture early warning signs which enables the intervention with suitable strategies.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Daria, Cipollone, et al.
(author)
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Biological Therapeutics and Pharmacovigilance in Italy
- 2014
-
In: International Journal of Autoimmune Disorders & Therapies. ; :1:102
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Biological therapeutics (BTs) presents a novel frontier for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, Crohn's disease and several other conditions. BTs constitute highly selective compounds targeted upon specific structures that may be proteins, receptors, or DNA sequences. In the case of autoimmune diseases, the use of BTs is directed against pro-inflammatory cytokines that exert a central role in the inflammatory machinery. In the present review, attention is focused upon BTs that inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines thereby blocking the inflammation, such as monoclonal antibodies (e.g. infliximab and adalimumab) and soluble receptors (e.g. etanercept). The interleukin-1 and interleukin-6 antagonists, anakinra and tocilizumab, rituximab, which decrease the number of circulating B-lymphocytes and abatacept, thereby counteracting T-lymphocyte activation, are described also. Despite the utility of BTs for patients presenting autoimmune diseases, they have been linked to opportunistic viral, bacterial, mycotic infections and to tumor cases. The occurrence of these pathologies is due to their immunosuppressive functions thereby requiring the meticulous monitoring by pharmacovigilance and drug safety techniques to assess risk analysis. Whether or not adverse drug events (ADEs) occur more frequently in patients administered BTs, compared to traditional drugs, is currently an essential topic of investigation.
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| 12. |
- De Simone, S., et al.
(author)
-
Gender and Entrepreneurship in Pandemic Time: What Demands and What Resources? An Exploratory Study
- 2021
-
In: Frontiers in Psychology. - : Frontiers Media SA. - 1664-1078. ; 12
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic, global economies have suffered an exogenous shock never seen before with a strong economic and psychosocial impact on organizations. Italy, in the context of the research, has been severely affected. The economic crisis has mainly affected women. In this scenario, entrepreneurial perceived success (objective and subjective) is influenced by increasingly burdensome job demands that entrepreneurs have to face up. Using the job demand-resources model, the study aims to broaden the knowledge of the determinants of entrepreneurial perceived success in the current emergency moment. In particular, as regards of the demands, alongside the specific entrepreneurial demands (time demands, uncertainty and risk, and responsibility), we also decided to include the negative interface family-work in both directions from-family-to-work (NEGWIF) and from-work-to-family (NEGFIW). Regarding the resources, we considered entrepreneurial self-efficacy (researching, planning, marshaling, implementing people, and implementing financial), proactive and elaborate social strategies (SS), and both directions of the positive interface: from-family-to-work (POSWIF) and from-work-to-family (POSFIW). All participants are women entrepreneurs (N = 137) who have completed a self-report questionnaire. We explored the associations between demands, resources, and the dimensions of success through hierarchical regressions. As for the demands, time demands, uncertainty and risk, NEGWIF, and NEGFIW negatively influenced the perceived entrepreneurial success. Regarding resources, planning, implementing financial, proactive and elaborate SS positively influenced the perceived entrepreneurial success.
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| 13. |
- De Simone, S., et al.
(author)
-
Mea Culpa! The Role of Guilt in the Work-Life Interface and Satisfaction of Women Entrepreneur
- 2022
-
In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. - : MDPI AG. - 1661-7827 .- 1660-4601. ; 19:17
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of mediator of Guilt (in both directions: Family Interference with Work (FIW) and Work Interference with Family (WIF)) in the relationship between Conflict, Job and Life Satisfaction, also investigating the role of Enrichment as moderator. Using PROCESS Macro, the hypothesized models are tested on a sample of 161 women entrepreneurs. Both the mediating role of guilt and the moderating role of enrichment were analyzed through models of mediation and moderate mediation. Results from the analysis support the hypothesized models. Guilt FIW and Guilt WIF mediate the relationship between work Conflict and Job satisfaction, as well the relationship between Conflict and Life satisfaction, and at the same time, Enrichment moderated the mediating processes by which the Conflict affects Job and Life satisfaction via Guilt FIW and Guilt WIF. This study is one of the few that takes into consideration both Conflict and Enrichment in a sample of women entrepreneurs and examines Guilt, which many times presents itself as an “invisible” factor in studies on the work–family interface. © 2022 by the authors.
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| 14. |
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| 15. |
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| 16. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(author)
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A Pilot Study on Newly Graduated Nurses' Personal Vulnerability for Burnout
- 2019
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In: 31st Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. Washington, D.C., USA.
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Nurses’ work is characterized by overload and hard decisions. Despite 80% of new ly graduated nurses being socially warm and dedicated, 72.97% lacked purpose and meaning and felt ineffective and disconnected from the rest of the world. Moreover, 51.70% had a personality profile with high risk for burnout and ill-being.
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| 17. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(author)
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A Pilot Study on Resilience (Harm Avoidance, Persistence, and Self-directedness) among Swedish Newly Graduated Nurses
- 2019
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In: 3rd Biennial International Convention of Psychological Science, Paris, France.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- A Resilient profile is low in Harm Avoidance (i.e., relaxed, confident, and optimistic) and high in Persistence (i.e., industrious, perseverant, and hard-working) and Self-Directedness (i.e., responsible, reliable, self-acceptant, goal-oriented, and resourceful). We found that, compared to the general population, only 6.90% of Swedish newly graduated nurses had a resilient profile.
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| 18. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(author)
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A Pilot Study on Temperament (Novelty Seeking, Harm Avoidance, and Reward Dependence) among Swedish Newly Graduated Nurses
- 2019
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In: 3rd Biennial International Convention of Psychological Science, Paris, France.
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- One factor for burnout vulnerability among nurses is their temperament profile. Compared to the general population, about 80% of Swedish newly graduated nurses were sentimental, warm, dedicated, attached, and dependent (i.e., high Reward Dependence) and 50% were worrying, pessimistic, doubtful, shy and low in energy (i.e., high Harm Avoidance).
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| 19. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(author)
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Affectively Motivated: Affective Profiles, Motivation, Stress and Energy
- 2020
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In: Iranian Journal of Health Psychology. ; 2:2, s. 21-32
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: We used the affective profiles model to investigate individual differences in motivation, stress andenergy. The aim was to replicate past findings, but we also focused on matched comparisons within individuals withaffective profiles that are similar in one affective dimension and differ in the other in order to predict changes whenindividuals increase/decrease their experience of positive or negative affect.Methods: A total of 567 participants answered the Positive Affect and Negative Affect Schedule, which was usedfor affective profiling; the Situational Motivation Scale, which measures intrinsic motivation, identified regulation,external regulation, and amotivation; and the Stress-Energy questionnaire.Results: Comparisons between the four different profiles, replicating the past findings, showed that individuals withhigh affective and self-fulfilling profile scored highest in intrinsic motivation, identified regulation, and energy, whilethey scored lowest in external motivation, amotivation, and the self-fulfilling profile, also lowest in stress. Additionally,the matched comparisons showed, for example, that levels of intrinsic motivation increase when negative affect levelsdecrease, and positive affect is kept high when positive affect decreases and negative affect is kept low.Conclusions: One important feature of the affective profiles model is the possibility to compare individuals thatare similar in one affect dimension but differ in the other (Garcia, 2011, 2017). This way of discussing individualdifferences helps to predict what changes could be expected when individuals increase or decrease their experience ofpositive or negative affect. Importantly, the direction of these changes cannot be addressed from cross-sectional data
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| 20. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(author)
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Creative utterances about person-centered care among future health care professionals are related to reward dependence rather than to a creative personality profile
- 2019
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In: Heliyon. - : Elsevier. - 2405-8440. ; 5:3, s. 1-17
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Creativity can be defined as the creation of something that is novel, useful, and valuable for society (i.e., high-level creativity) and/or everyday life. In this context, people have implicit theories of creativity as being either nonmalleable (i.e., a fixed creative mindset) or malleable (i.e., a growth creative mindset). Our aim was twofold: (1) to test an improved creative mindset priming paradigm (i.e., adding high-level/everyday creativity perspectives and using an organizational important task) by assessing if participants used different ways to answer to the prime and (2) to analyse the relationship between personality and creative utterances regarding an important topic in participants ' future professions. Method: Students (N = 73) from different health care professions were randomly assigned to the non-malleable or malleable creative mindset priming paradigm (i.e., fixed vs. growth) and then asked to write about (a) their own creativity, (b) person-centered care in their professions (i.e., unusual use test), and to (c) self-rate their personality (Temperament and Character Inventory). We used natural language processing methods (i.e., Latent Semantic Algorithm) to analyse participants ' responses in the different conditions and also responses in relation to selfreported personality. Results: The fixed versus growth condition was predicted (r = .55, p < 0.0001), following Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons by participants' descriptions about creativity. Although the condition was not predicted (r = .07, p < 0.2755) by participants ' utterances about person-centered care, a t-test suggested that participants used words that were semantically different depending on the condition they were randomly assigned to (t(2371) = 5.82, p = .0000). For instance, participants in the growth condition used verbs more frequently, while those in the fixed condition used the personal pronoun I more often. Finally, only the temperament trait of reward dependence (r = .32, p < 0.01) predicted the person-centered care utterances. Conclusion: We argue that the paradigm successfully primed participants to write about creativity and person-centered care using narratives with different semantic content. However, individuals ' ambition to be socially accepted, rather than creative personality traits, elicited the utterances about person-centered care. The creative mindset priming paradigm presented here along language processing methods might be useful for measuring creative potential at work. We suggest that if health care personnel ' s notions of the activities related to care are generated from their drive to be socially accepted and not from a truly creative profile, the activities might be self-serving and not person-centered.
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| 21. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(author)
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Dark and Agentic as James Bond? Understanding Group and Leader (UGL) Coaches’ Personality Profile
- 2016
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In: 28th Association for Psychological Science Annual Convention. Chicago, Illinois, USA.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- In contrast to earlier suggestions, individuals’ malevolent traits were not positively associated to an agentic personality profile. We suggest that the specific task of an UGL-coach, helping others to become self-aware and agentic, require a personality profile that is cooperative and agentic, rather that malevolent and agentic.
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| 22. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(author)
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Dark Time Matter: Dark Character Profiles and Time Perspective
- 2018
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In: Psychology. - : Scientific Research Publishing, Inc.. - 2152-7180 .- 2152-7199. ; 9:1, s. 63-79
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Humans seem to have a unique ability to consciously organize the flow of time (i.e., past, present, and future) and to intentionally choose goals and values (i.e., character: self, others, the universe). These two parts of human awareness have implications for individuals’ relation to a society that will flourish or perish. In fact, a balanced time perspective is suggested as necessary for the experience of well-being and optimal societal functioning. Nevertheless, low character development might be expressed as a Dark Triad: Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy. In the present study, we aimed to investigate if individuals differ in their outlook on time depending on their dark character profiles. Method: We re-analyzed data from a previous study in which participants (N = 338) responded to the Short Dark Triad Inventory and the Zimbardo Time Perspective Inventory. However, here we use the Dark Cube (Garcia, 2017a), a model of malevolent character based on Cloninger’s biopsychosocial theory of personality and in the assumption of a Dark Triad, thus, clustering individuals in eight profiles (i.e., the combination of high/low in three malevolent character traits). Results: The results for each trait suggest multi-finality (i.e., same antecedents, different outcomes) and equifinality (i.e., different antecedents, same outcomes). For example, individuals high in narcissism presented a balanced time perspective when manipulative behavior was also high and psychopathy was low. Conclusions: In certain conditions, malevolent character is associated to a balanced time perspective. Thus, suggesting that in order to understand well-being and optimal societal functioning, we need to look at human awareness in relation to both time (i.e., past, present, future) and space (i.e., character: self, others, the universe).
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| 23. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(author)
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Factor Analysis of the Swedish Version of the Dark Triad Dirty Dozen
- 2017
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In: PsyCh Journal. - : Wiley. - 2046-0252 .- 2046-0260. ; 6:2, s. 166-167
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim was to test the proposed three-factor structure of the Swedish version of the Dark Triad Dirty Dozen measure. A confirmatory factor analysis showed there was mixed evidence for model fit. In contrast to expectations, men did not score significantly higher than women in Machiavellianism and narcissism. Nevertheless, men scored higher than women in psychopathy.
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| 24. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(author)
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IRT analyses of the Swedish Dark Triad Dirty Dozen
- 2018
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In: Heliyon. - : Elsevier BV. - 2405-8440. ; 4:3
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: The Dark Triad (i.e., Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy) can be captured quickly with 12 items using the Dark Triad Dirty Dozen (Jonason and Webster, 2010). Previous Item Response Theory (IRT) analyses of the original English Dark Triad Dirty Dozen have shown that all three subscales adequately tap into the dark domains of personality. The aim of the present study was to analyze the Swedish version of the Dark Triad Dirty Dozen using IRT.Method: 570 individuals (n(males) = 326, n(females) = 242, and 2 unreported), including university students and white-collar workers with an age range between 19 and 65 years, responded to the Swedish version of the Dark Triad Dirty Dozen (Garcia et al., 2017a, b).Results: Contrary to previous research, we found that the narcissism scale provided most information, followed by psychopathy, and finally Machiavellianism. Moreover, the psychopathy scale required a higher level of the latent trait for endorsement of its items than the narcissism and Machiavellianism scales. Overall, all items provided reasonable amounts of information and are thus effective for discriminating between individuals. The mean itemdiscriminations (alphas) were 1.92 for Machiavellianism, 2.31 for narcissism, and 1.99 for psychopathy.Conclusion: This is the first study to provide IRT analyses of the Swedish version of the Dark Triad Dirty Dozen. Our findings add to a growing literature on the Dark Triad Dirty Dozen scale in different cultures and highlight psychometric characteristics, which can be used for comparative studies. Items tapping into psychopathy showed higher thresholds for endorsement than the other two scales. Importantly, the narcissism scale seems to provide more information about a lack of narcissism, perhaps mirroring cultural conditions.
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| 25. |
- Garcia, Danilo, 1973, et al.
(author)
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IRT Analyses of the Swedish Version of the Dark Triad Dirty Dozen
- 2018
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In: 30th APS Annual Convention, San Francisco, CA, USA.
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The Dark Triad Dirty Dozen is one of the quickest ways to measure the Dark Triad. Item Response Theory analyses of the Swedish version showed that all items contributed with substantial information. However, items tapping into psychopathy showed higher thresholds for endorsement than Machiavellianism, and in particular narcissism.
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