| 1. |
- Ahlsson, Anders, et al.
(author)
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Atrial function after epicardial microwave ablation in patients with atrial fibrillation
- 2008
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In: Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1401-7431 .- 1651-2006. ; 42:3, s. 192-201
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- OBJECTIVES: To study epicardial microwave ablation of concomitant atrial fibrillation and its effects on heart rhythm and atrial function during follow-up. DESIGN: The study included 20 open-heart surgery patients with concomitant atrial fibrillation. Transthoracic echocardiography with flow and tissue Doppler recordings was performed preoperatively and at 6 months postoperatively. Blood samples were obtained preoperatively and postoperatively for analysis of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), brain natriuretic peptide (BNP), and amino terminal precursor of brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP). RESULTS: Fourteen of 19 patients (74%) were in sinus rhythm with no antiarrhythmic drugs at 12 months. All patients in sinus rhythm had preserved left and right atrial-filling waves through atrioventricular valves during atrial contraction. Tissue velocity echocardiography on patients in sinus rhythm showed preserved atrial wall velocities, atrial strain, and atrial strain rate. Levels of natriuretic peptides tended to decrease in patients with stable sinus rhythm at one year compared to patients in atrial fibrillation. CONCLUSIONS: Epicardial microwave ablation results in sinus rhythm in a majority of patients and seems to preserve atrial mechanical function
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| 2. |
- Ahlström, Christer, 1977-, et al.
(author)
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Assessment of Suspected Aortic Stenosis by Auto Mutual Information Analysis of Murmurs
- 2007
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In: Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, 2007. EMBS 2007. - 9781424407873 ; , s. 1945-1948
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Mild sclerotic thickening of the aortic valve affects 25% of the population, and the condition causes aortic valve stenosis (AS) in 2% of adults above 65 years. Echocardiography is today the clinical standard for assessing AS. However, a cost effective and uncomplicated technique that can be used for decision support in the primary health care would be of great value. In this study, recorded phonocardiographic signals were analyzed using the first local minimum of the auto mutual information (AMI) function. The AMI method measures the complexity in the sound signal, which is related to the amount of turbulence in the blood flow and thus to the severity of the stenosis. Two previously developed phonocardiographic methods for assessing AS severity were used for comparison, the murmur energy ratio and the sound spectral averaging technique. Twenty-nine patients with suspected AS were examined with Doppler echocardiography. The aortic jet velocity was used as a reference of AS severity, and it was found to correlate with the AMI method, the murmur energy ratio and the sound spectral averaging technique with the correlation coefficient R = 0.82, R = 0.73 and R = 0.76, respectively.
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| 3. |
- Ahlström, Christer, et al.
(author)
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Feature Extraction for Systolic Heart Murmur Classification
- 2006
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In: Annals of Biomedical Engineering. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0090-6964 .- 1573-9686. ; 34:11, s. 1666-1677
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Heart murmurs are often the first signs of pathological changes of the heart valves, and they are usually found during auscultation in the primary health care. Distinguishing a pathological murmur from a physiological murmur is however difficult, why an “intelligent stethoscope” with decision support abilities would be of great value. Phonocardiographic signals were acquired from 36 patients with aortic valve stenosis, mitral insufficiency or physiological murmurs, and the data were analyzed with the aim to find a suitable feature subset for automatic classification of heart murmurs. Techniques such as Shannon energy, wavelets, fractal dimensions and recurrence quantification analysis were used to extract 207 features. 157 of these features have not previously been used in heart murmur classification. A multi-domain subset consisting of 14, both old and new, features was derived using Pudil’s sequential floating forward selection (SFFS) method. This subset was compared with several single domain feature sets. Using neural network classification, the selected multi-domain subset gave the best results; 86% correct classifications compared to 68% for the first runner-up. In conclusion, the derived feature set was superior to the comparative sets, and seems rather robust to noisy data.
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| 4. |
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| 5. |
- Karefylakis, Christos, et al.
(author)
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Effect of Vitamin D supplementation on body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness in overweight men : a randomized controlled trial
- 2018
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In: Endocrine. - : Humana Press. - 1355-008X .- 1559-0100. ; 61:3, s. 388-397
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Purpose: Several observational studies have shown an association between vitamin D deficiency and non-skeletal major health issues including impaired cardiorespiratory fitness and adiposity. Only a few studies have examined the impact of vitamin D supplementation on these conditions and the results are ambiguous. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of vitamin D supplementation on body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness in overweight/obese men with vitamin D deficiency.Methods: This study was a prospective, placebo controlled, double blinded, randomized trial with a study period of 6 months. Forty overweight/obese men (BMI > 25 kg/m2) with vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D ≤ 55 nmol/L) were randomized to receive either 2000 IU Cholecalciferol drops or the equivalent amount of drops of placebo. At baseline and follow up body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness were measured and blood samples were obtained. Body composition was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) and cardiorespiratory fitness using cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET). The primary outcomes were changes in percentage body fat and in maximum oxygen uptake (VO2max).Results: No statistically significant difference between the placebo and the intervention group regarding changes in percentage body fat (p = 0.54) and VO2max (p = 0.90) was observed. Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups concerning changes in BMI (p = 0.26), maximum load (p = 0.89) and oxygen uptake at anaerobic threshold (AT) (p = 0.14).Conclusions: We conclude that treatment with 2000 IU/d vitamin D for 6 months does not impact body composition or maximum oxygen uptake in overweight/obese men with vitamin D deficiency.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Senn, Pascal, et al.
(author)
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NANOCI-Nanotechnology Based Cochlear Implant With Gapless Interface to Auditory Neurons
- 2017
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In: Otology and Neurotology. - 1531-7129 .- 1537-4505. ; 38:8, s. E224-E231
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cochlear implants (CI) restore functional hearing in the majority of deaf patients. Despite the tremendous success of these devices, some limitations remain. The bottleneck for optimal electrical stimulation with CI is caused by the anatomical gap between the electrode array and the auditory neurons in the inner ear. As a consequence, current devices are limited through 1) low frequency resolution, hence suboptimal sound quality and 2), large stimulation currents, hence high energy consumption (responsible for significant battery costs and for impeding the development of fully implantable systems). A recently completed, multinational and interdisciplinary project called NANOCI aimed at overcoming current limitations by creating a gapless interface between auditory nerve fibers and the cochlear implant electrode array. This ambitious goal was achieved in vivo by neurotrophin-induced attraction of neurites through an intra-cochlear gel-nanomatrix onto a modified nanoCI electrode array located in the scala tympani of deafened guinea pigs. Functionally, the gapless interface led to lower stimulation thresholds and a larger dynamic range in vivo, and to reduced stimulation energy requirement (up to fivefold) in an in vitro model using auditory neurons cultured on multi-electrode arrays. In conclusion, the NANOCI project yielded proof of concept that a gapless interface between auditory neurons and cochlear implant electrode arrays is feasible. These findings may be of relevance for the development of future CI systems with better sound quality and performance and lower energy consumption. The present overview/review paper summarizes the NANOCI project history and highlights achievements of the individual work packages.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Ahmed, Kamran, et al.
(author)
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Serum apolipoproteins, apoB/apoA-I ratio and objectively measured physical activity in elderly
- 2011
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In: Scandinavian Cardiovascular Journal. - : Informa Healthcare. - 1401-7431 .- 1651-2006. ; 45:2, s. 105-111
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objectives: Several studies have suggested that subjectively reported physical activity is associated with favorable apolipoproteins and apoB/apoA-I ratio but this association has not been studied much in elderly, and seldom with objective methods. The specific aim of the current study was to increase our understanding of the association between objectively measured physical activity, and apolipoproteins and apoB/apoA-I ratio in elderly subjects.Design: In a long-term follow-up of coronary artery bypass graft surgery patients, a total of 89 subjects (55?88 years old) were recruited. Peak oxygen uptake was measured by ergospirometry and physical activity by accelerometry. Subjects were divided into two groups based on their activity levels (i.e. more or less than 30 minutes of moderate activity per day).Results: Only 26% (23/89) of participants achieved the recommended 30 min/day of moderate intensity activity. Objectively measured physical activity was associated with higher apolipoprotein A-I levels and smaller apoB/apoAI ratio and lower body mass index, whereas no significant association with apolipoprotein B was observed.Conclusion: The significant association of objectively measured physical activity with favorable apolipoprotein A-I levels and a apoB/apoA-I ratio stresses the importance of being physically active.
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| 10. |
- Alme, Tomas Nordheim, et al.
(author)
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Chronic fatigue syndromes: real illnesses that people can recover from
- 2023
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In: Scandinavian Journal of Primary Health Care. - : TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD. - 0281-3432 .- 1502-7724. ; 41:4, s. 372-376
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Oslo Chronic Fatigue Consortium consists of researchers and clinicians who question the current narrative that chronic fatigue syndromes, including post-covid conditions, are incurable diseases. Instead, we propose an alternative view, based on research, which offers more hope to patients. Whilst we regard the symptoms of these conditions as real, we propose that they are more likely to reflect the brains response to a range of biological, psychological, and social factors, rather than a specific disease process. Possible causes include persistent activation of the neurobiological stress response, accompanied by associated changes in immunological, hormonal, cognitive and behavioural domains. We further propose that the symptoms are more likely to persist if they are perceived as threatening, and all activities that are perceived to worsen them are avoided. We also question the idea that the best way to cope with the illness is by prolonged rest, social isolation, and sensory deprivation.Instead, we propose that recovery is often possible if patients are helped to adopt a less threatening understanding of their symptoms and are supported in a gradual return to normal activities. Finally, we call for a much more open and constructive dialogue about these conditions. This dialogue should include a wider range of views, including those of patients who have recovered from them.
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| 11. |
- Andersson, Christina, et al.
(author)
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The effectiveness of smartphone compassion training on stress among Swedish university students : A pilot randomized trial
- 2021
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In: Journal of Clinical Psychology. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0021-9762 .- 1097-4679. ; 77:4, s. 927-945
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: To investigate the effects of a 6-week smartphone compassion training intervention on mental health.Method: Fifty-seven Swedish university students (mean age = 25, SD = 5) reporting high levels of stress were randomized to compassion training (n = 23), mindfulness (n = 19), or waitlist (n = 15).Result: Multilevel models indicated that both compassion and mindfulness training increased self-compassion compared to the waitlist, while only compassion significantly reduced stress. Between-group effect sizes for compassion compared to waitlist were large for both self-compassion (d = 1.61) and stress (d = 0.94). Compassion and mindfulness did not differ significantly, but effect sizes were in favor of compassion. Secondary outcomes indicated positive effects on emotional awareness, while no effect was found for global psychological distress.Conclusions: Our results suggest that compassion training via a smartphone application can improve self-compassion and reduce stress among university students. Future studies in larger clinical samples are warranted.
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| 12. |
- Azour, Farivar, et al.
(author)
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Invasion rate and population characteristics of the round goby Neogobius melanostomus: effects of density and invasion history
- 2015
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In: Aquatic Biology. - : Inter-Research Science Center. - 1864-7782 .- 1864-7790. ; 24:1, s. 41-52
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Round goby Neogobius melanostomus is currently one of the most wide-ranging invasive fish species in Europe and North America. The present study demonstrates how the distribution of round goby has expanded from 2008 to 2013 at a rate of about 30 km yr(-1) along the Danish coastline in the western Baltic Sea. Further analyses showed that fish from an established high-density round goby population were slow-growing and displayed poorer condition (weight at age and hepatosomatic index) compared to fish sampled from recently invaded locations (i.e. at the forefront of the distribution range). The established population revealed a broad age distribution and a 1:1 gender ratio, while fish from a recently invaded site were primarily of intermediate ages with a male-biased gender ratio. Otolith analyses suggested that the oldest individuals from the recently invaded area experienced superior growth conditions only in the most recent years, suggesting immigration into the area as adults. Our results suggest that intraspecific competition for food may cause continued dispersal of the species and that population demographics likely relate to invasion history.
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| 13. |
- Boström, Adrian Desai E., et al.
(author)
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Accelerated epigenetic aging in women with emotionally unstable personality disorder and a history of suicide attempts
- 2023
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In: Translational Psychiatry. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2158-3188. ; 13:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Emotional unstable personality disorder (EUPD; previously borderline personality disorder, BPD) is associated with excess natural-cause mortality, comorbid medical conditions, poor health habits and stress related epigenomic alterations. Previous studies demonstrated that GrimAge – a state-of-the-art epigenetic age (EA) estimator – strongly predicts mortality risk and physiological dysregulation. Herein, we utilize the GrimAge algorithm to investigate whether women with EUPD and a history of recent suicide attempts exhibit EA acceleration (EAA) in comparison to healthy controls. Genome-wide methylation patterns were measured using the Illumina Infinum Methylation Epic BeadChip in whole blood from 97 EUPD patients and 32 healthy controls. The control group was significantly older (p < 0.0001) and reported lesser exposure to violent behavior in both youth and adulthood (p < 0.0001). Groups were otherwise comparable regarding gender, BMI, or tobacco usage (p > 0.05). EA estimator DNAmGrimAge exceeded chronological age by 8.8 and 2.3 years in the EUPD and control group, respectively. Similarly, EAA marker AgeAccelGrim was substantially higher in EUPD subjects when compared to controls, in both univariate and multivariate analyzes (p < 0.00001). Tobacco usage conferred substantial within-group effects on the EA-chronological age difference, i.e., 10.74 years (SD = 4.19) compared to 6.00 years (SD = 3.10) in the non-user EUPD group (p < 0.00001). Notably, past alcohol and substance abuse, use of psychotropic medications, global assessment of functioning, self-reported exposure to violent behavior in youth and adulthood, later completed suicide (N = 8) and age at first suicide attempt did not predict EAA in the EUPD group (p > 0.05). These results underscore the importance of addressing medical health conditions along with low-cost preventative interventions aimed at improving somatic health outcomes in EUPD, such as efforts to support cessation of tobacco use. The independency of GrimAge to other EA algorithms in this group of severely impaired EUPD patients, suggest it may have unique characteristics to evaluate risk of adverse health outcomes in context of psychiatric disorders.
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| 14. |
- Boström, Adrian Desai E., et al.
(author)
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HPA-axis dysregulation is not associated with accelerated epigenetic aging in patients with hypersexual disorder
- 2022
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In: Psychoneuroendocrinology. - : Elsevier. - 0306-4530 .- 1873-3360. ; 141
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BackgroundHypersexual disorder (HD) - a nonparaphilic sexual desire disorder with impulsivity component - was evaluated for inclusion as a diagnosis in the DSM-5 and the diagnosis compulsive sexual behavior disorder is included as an impulse control disorder in the ICD-11. Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis hyperactivity is believed to affect cellular senescence and has been implicated in HD. No previous study investigated HD or HPA-axis dysregulation in relation to measures of epigenetic age (EA) acceleration.MethodsThis study reports on a case-control study set-up from a well-characterized cohort, contrasting EA predictors in relation to 60 HD patients and 33 healthy volunteers (HV) and 19 mixed HD/HV exhibiting dexamethasone suppression test (DST) non-suppression to 73 mixed HD/HV DST controls. The genome-wide methylation pattern was measured in whole blood from 94 subjects using the Illumina Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip and preprocessed according to specialized protocols suitable for epigenetic age estimation. The online DNAm Age Calculator (https://dnamage.genetics.ucla.edu/) was implemented to retrieve various EA predictors, which were compared between the in-silico generated subgroups.ResultsQuality control analyses indicated strong correlations between the EA measure DNA methylation GrimAge (DNAm GrimAge – the EA clock most reliably associated with mortality risk) and chronological age in all sub-groups. The study was adequately powered to detect differences of 2.5 and 3.0 years in DNAm GrimAge minus age in relation to both HD and HPA-axis dysregulation, respectively. Baseline DNAm GrimAge exceeded chronological age by 2.8 years on average across all samples. No EA acceleration marker was associated with HD or DST suppression status (p > 0.05).ConclusionEA acceleration markers shown to be strongly predictive of physiological dysregulation and mortality-risk, are not related to HD or DST non-suppression status (measured after 0.5 mg dexamethasone). The independency of HPA-axis dysregulation to EA acceleration does not support the biological relevance of this dosage-regimen when applied to patients with HD. These findings do not support the notion of accelerated cellular senescence in HD. Studies stratifying DST non-suppressors according to established dosage-regimens in somatic settings are needed to fully elucidate the putative contribution of HPA-axis dysregulation to EA.
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| 15. |
- Boström, Adrian Desai E., et al.
(author)
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Regional clozapine, ECT and lithium usage inversely associated with excess suicide rates in male adolescents
- 2023
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In: Nature Communications. - : Nature Publishing Group. - 2041-1723. ; 14:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Advanced psychiatric treatments remain uncertain in preventing suicide among adolescents. Across the 21 Swedish regions, using nationwide registers between 2016-2020, we found negative correlation between adolescent excess suicide mortality (AESM) and regional frequencies of clozapine, ECT, and lithium (CEL) usage among adolescents (β = -0.613, p = 0.0003, 95% CI: -0.338, -0.889) and males (β = -0.404, p = 0.009, 95% CI: -0.130, -0.678). No correlation was found among females (p = 0.197). Highest CEL usage among male adolescents was seen in regions with lowest quartile (Q1) AESM (W = 74, p = 0.012). Regional CEL treatment frequency in 15-19-year-olds was related to lower AESM in males, reflecting potential treatment efficacy, treatment compliance or better-quality mental health care. Suicide prevention may benefit from early recognition and CEL treatment for severe mental illness in male adolescents. The results indicate association but further research, using independent samples and both prospective and observational methodologies, is needed to confirm causality.
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Carling, Tobias, et al.
(author)
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Hyperparathyroidism of multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 : candidate gene and parathyroid calcium sensing protein expression
- 1995
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In: Surgery. - 0039-6060 .- 1532-7361. ; 118:6, s. 924-931
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND:Hyperparathyroidism affects most patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN 1). This study investigates expression of the candidate MEN1 gene phospholipase C beta 3 (PLC beta 3) and expression and function of a putative calcium sensing protein (CAS) in hyperparathyroidism of MEN 1.METHODS:In 31 parathyroid glands from 17 patients with MEN 1, CAS distribution was studied immunohistochemically and parallel sections were explored for PLC beta 3 mRNA expression by in situ hybridization. Enzymatically dispersed parathyroid cells were analyzed for cytoplasmic calcium concentrations [Ca2+]i and parathyroid hormone (PTH) release.RESULTS:All glands exhibited a heterogeneously reduced CAS immunoreactivity, especially meager in nodularly assembled parathyroid cells. Calcium regulated [Ca2+]i and PTH release tended to be more deranged in the glands possessing the lowest immunostaining. Parathyroid PLC beta 3 invariably was homogeneously expressed, and this included even MEN 1 patients with reduced PLC beta 3 expression in endocrine pancreatic tumors.CONCLUSIONS:The findings support variable calcium insensitivity of [Ca2+]i and PTH release in hyperparathyroidism of MEN 1, apparently coupled to heterogeneously reduced CAS expression. For clarification of the role of PLC beta 3 in MEN 1 parathyroid tumorigenesis further study of this protein is required.
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| 18. |
- Eberhard, Sophia, et al.
(author)
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Risky Alcohol Use and Comorbidity in a Swedish Adolescent Emergency Psychiatric Inpatient Population.
- 2021
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In: Journal of addiction. - : Hindawi Limited. - 2090-7834 .- 2090-7850. ; 2021
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction. Underage drinking is associated with poor mental health. Early detection for risky alcohol use is recommended,although less implemented in adolescent care. +e objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of risky alcohol use andpsychiatric comorbidity. Methods. Over a nine-month period, 145 eligible adolescents admitted to the child and adolescentemergency unit in Malmo, Sweden, were offered computerized screening with Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test- ¨Consumption (AUDIT-C) and Drug Use Disorders Identification Test (DUDIT). Results. Ninety-six patients (73 girls and 23boys) agreed to participate. +e most common diagnoses were affective disorder (41%) and anxiety disorder (27%). Risky alcoholuse was found among 33% of the girls and 22% of the boys (p � 0.45) and did not differ between diagnostic categories. +ere was apositive correlation between AUDIT-C and DUDIT scores (p � 0.019). Among adolescents with risky alcohol use, 33% of the girlsand 60% of the boys also had a risky drug use. Conversely, 47% of the girls and 60% of the boys with risky drug use also had a riskyalcohol use. Conclusion. In view of the poor prognosis of risky
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Hayashi, Hisamitsu, et al.
(author)
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Molecular organization and fine structure of the human tectorial membrane : is it replenished?
- 2015
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In: Cell and Tissue Research. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0302-766X .- 1432-0878. ; 362:3, s. 513-527
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Auditory sensitivity and frequency resolution depend on the physical properties of the basilar membrane in combination with outer hair cell-based amplification in the cochlea. The physiological role of the tectorial membrane (TM) in hair cell transduction has been controversial for decades. New insights into the TM structure and function have been gained from studies of targeted gene disruption. Several missense mutations in genes regulating the human TM structure have been described with phenotypic expressions. Here, we portray the remarkable gradient structure and molecular organization of the human TM. Ultrastructural analysis and confocal immunohistochemistry were performed in freshly fixed human cochleae obtained during surgery. Based on these findings and recent literature, we discuss the role of human TMs in hair cell activation. Moreover, the outcome proposes that the α-tectorin-positive amorphous layer of the human TM is replenished and partly undergoes regeneration during life.
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| 22. |
- Hurtig-Wennlöf, Anita, 1958-, et al.
(author)
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Heart sounds are altered by open cardiac surgery
- 2009
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In: Experimental and clinical cardiology. - : Pulsus Group Inc.. - 1205-6626. ; 14:2, s. 18-20
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Patients have reported that they perceive their own heart sounds differently after open cardiac surgery than before the surgery. The present study was designed to investigate whether changes in heart sounds can be quantitatively measured.METHOD: Heart sounds were recorded from 57 patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery and from a control group of 10 subjects. The so-called Hjorth descriptors and the main frequency peak were compared before and after surgery to determine whether the characteristics of the heart sounds had changed.RESULTS: At a group level, the first heart sound was found to be significantly different after CABG surgery. Generally, the heart sounds shifted toward a lower frequency after surgery in the CABG group. No significant changes were found in the control group.CONCLUSION: Heart sounds are altered after CABG surgery. The changes are objectively quantifiable and may also be subjectively perceived by the patients.
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| 23. |
- Jokinen, Jussi, et al.
(author)
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Accelerated epigenetic aging in suicide attempters uninfluenced by high intent-to-die and choice of lethal methods
- 2022
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In: Translational Psychiatry. - : Springer Nature. - 2158-3188. ; 12:1
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Suicide attempts (SA) are associated with excess non-suicidal mortality, putatively mediated in part by premature cellular senescence. Epigenetic age (EA) estimators of biological age have been previously demonstrated to strongly predict physiological dysregulation and mortality risk. Herein, we investigate if violent SA with high intent-to-die is predictive of epigenetics-derived estimates of biological aging. The genome-wide methylation pattern was measured using the Illumina Infinium Methylation EPIC BeadChip in whole blood of 88 suicide attempters. Subjects were stratified into two groups based on the putative risk of later committed suicide (low- [n = 58] and high-risk [n = 30]) in dependency of SA method (violent or non-violent) and/or intent-to-die (high/low). Estimators of intrinsic and extrinsic EA acceleration, one marker optimized to predict physiological dysregulation (DNAmPhenoAge/AgeAccelPheno) and one optimized to predict lifespan (DNAmGrimAge/AgeAccelGrim) were investigated for associations to severity of SA, by univariate and multivariate analyses. The study was adequately powered to detect differences of 2.2 years in AgeAccelGrim in relation to SA severity. Baseline DNAmGrimAge exceeded chronological age by 7.3 years on average across all samples, conferring a mean 24.6% increase in relation to actual age. No individual EA acceleration marker was differentiated by suicidal risk group (p > 0.1). Thus, SA per se but not severity of SA is related to EA, implicating that excess non-suicidal mortality in SA is unrelated to risk of committed suicide. Preventative healthcare efforts aimed at curtailing excess mortality after SA may benefit from acting equally powerful to recognize somatic comorbidities irrespective of the severity inherent in the act itself.
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| 24. |
- Kiotsekoglou, Anatoli, 1960-, et al.
(author)
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The role of advanced echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance in the assessment of myocardial function in Marfan syndrome-An update
- 2017
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In: Echocardiography. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0742-2822 .- 1540-8175. ; 34:5, s. 760-767
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cardiovascular assessment of patients with Marfan syndrome has normally focused on the aortic root and vascular manifestations of the disease due to the high risk of aortic dissection. Although primary myocardial impairment has long been suspected in these patients, the evidence has been controversial. Advanced echocardiography and cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging have proven to be effective, accurate, and more sensitive in the detection of subtle cardiac dysfunction. The application of these techniques to Marfan syndrome over the last 10 years has made significant progress in demonstrating the presence of primary myocardial impairment in these patients, but further work is still required to obtain confirmatory molecular, pathophysiological, and prognostic clinical data. Phenotypic expression of the disease has prognostic value, also suggesting potential effective medical therapy.
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| 25. |
- Lidén, Mats, 1976-, et al.
(author)
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Impact of Heart Rate on Flow Measurements in Aortic Regurgitation
- 2017
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In: Journal of Heart Valve Disease. - : I C R Publishers Ltd.. - 0966-8519 .- 2053-2644. ; 26:5, s. 502-508
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Flow measurements using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI) enable quantification of the stroke volume, regurgitant volume (RV) and regurgitant fraction (RF) in patients with aortic regurgitation (AR). These variables are used to assess the severity of the valve disease and for the timing of surgery. The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of an increased heart rate on measurement of the RV and RF in patients with AR.METHODS: Among 13 patients with known moderate or severe AR, regurgitant flow measurements, using phase-contrast cine magnetic resonance imaging, were obtained in the ascending aorta. Flow measurements were obtained at rest and at increased heart rates after intravenous administration of atropine.RESULTS: The mean heart rate was 61 beats per min at rest and 91 beats per min after atropine administration. The RV and RF were 52 ml and 35% at rest, respectively, and 34 ml (p <0.001) and 30% (p = 0.065) at increased heart rate, respectively.CONCLUSIONS: An increased heart rate leads to a decreased RV. The RF is more stable and may therefore be preferable for severity grading in AR.
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