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| 2. |
- Heldt, Tobias, et al.
(author)
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Multiple-use forest land and commercial tourism in Sweden and Maine (USA): : Networking land parcels for outdoor recreation
- 2006
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In: International conference of Trends, Impacts and Policies on Tourism Development. - Heraklion, Crete, GREECE.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This paper deals with government strategies to counteract rural economic decline and will focus on two problems that affects the possibility to promote nature tourism in general, and nature tourism relying on a trail network in specific. First, recreational land is a multiple use resource where the tourism use may not only lead to conflicts between different tourism uses but also with other land use interests, like forestry and environmental preservation, especially when certain types of uses are viewed as mutually exclusive. Second, the demand for a recreational trail network, for example a snowmobile, biking or canoeing trail, is dependent on several factors. It has for example been showed that the recreational demand for a trail network is increasing in trail length and number of scenic sites accessible. However, under conditions of public access to private land and fragmented land ownership, the production of trail networks of high quality is complicated when the trail crosses multiple landholdings. In general, the creation of an attractive trail network requires coordinated access to multiple land parcels. The paper highlights two institutional innovations that seek to align stakeholders’ incentives and manage recreational access. They are Sweden’s snowmobile trail networks, crossing multiple ownerships and biomes; and Maine’s state acquisition of large-scale conservation and recreation easements on private forestland related to the development of a back country trail “hut-to-hut” network.
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| 3. |
- Heldt, Tobias, et al.
(author)
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Snowmobiles, Skiers and Solitude: Governing snowmobile access in Dalarna and Maine
- 2001
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In: European Tourism and Travel Research Association, Kiruna, Sweden, April 22-25..
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The core problem addressed in this paper is governing access to a quasi-common property resource, the recreational landscape, in an era of motorized recreation. Our understanding is that limited exclusion possibilities and rivalness in land uses weaken an
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| 4. |
- Khanna, Chand, et al.
(author)
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The dog as a cancer model
- 2006
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In: Nature Biotechnology. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1087-0156 .- 1546-1696. ; 24:9, s. 1065-1066
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)
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| 5. |
- Sobowale, Oluwaseun A., et al.
(author)
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Baseline perihematomal edema, C-reactive protein, and 30-day mortality are not associated in intracerebral hemorrhage
- 2024
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In: FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY. - 1664-2295. ; 15
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background The relationship between baseline perihematomal edema (PHE) and inflammation, and their impact on survival after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) are not well understood.Objective Assess the association between baseline PHE, baseline C-reactive protein (CRP), and early death after ICH.Methods Analysis of pooled data from multicenter ICH registries. We included patients presenting within 24 h of symptom onset, using multifactorial linear regression model to assess the association between CRP and edema extension distance (EED), and a multifactorial Cox regression model to assess the association between CRP, PHE volume and 30-day mortality.Results We included 1,034 patients. Median age was 69 (interquartile range [IQR] 59-79), median baseline ICH volume 11.5 (IQR 4.3-28.9) mL, and median baseline CRP 2.5 (IQR 1.5-7.0) mg/L. In the multifactorial analysis [adjusting for cohort, age, sex, log-ICH volume, ICH location, intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH), statin use, glucose, and systolic blood pressure], baseline log-CRP was not associated with baseline EED: for a 50% increase in CRP the difference in expected mean EED was 0.004 cm (95%CI 0.000-0.008, p = 0.055). In a further multifactorial analysis, after adjusting for key predictors of mortality, neither a 50% increase in PHE volume nor CRP were associated with higher 30-day mortality (HR 0.97; 95%CI 0.90-1.05, p = 0.51 and HR 0.98; 95%CI 0.93-1.03, p = 0.41, respectively).Conclusion Higher baseline CRP is not associated with higher baseline edema, which is also not associated with mortality. Edema at baseline might be driven by different pathophysiological processes with different effects on outcome.
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| 6. |
- Townsend, Simon William, et al.
(author)
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Exorcising Grice's ghost : an empirical approach to studying intentional communication in animals.
- 2017
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In: Biological Reviews. - : Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Inc.. - 1464-7931 .- 1469-185X. ; 92:3, s. 1427-1433
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Language's intentional nature has been highlighted as a crucial feature distinguishing it from other communication systems. Specifically, language is often thought to depend on highly structured intentional action and mutual mindreading by a communicator and recipient. Whilst similar abilities in animals can shed light on the evolution of intentionality, they remain challenging to detect unambiguously. We revisit animal intentional communication and suggest that progress in identifying analogous capacities has been complicated by (i) the assumption that intentional (that is, voluntary) production of communicative acts requires mental-state attribution, and (ii) variation in approaches investigating communication across sensory modalities. To move forward, we argue that a framework fusing research across modalities and species is required. We structure intentional communication into a series of requirements, each of which can be operationalised, investigated empirically, and must be met for purposive, intentionally communicative acts to be demonstrated. Our unified approach helps elucidate the distribution of animal intentional communication and subsequently serves to clarify what is meant by attributions of intentional communication in animals and humans.less thanbr /greater than (© 2016 Cambridge Philosophical Society.)
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