| 1. |
- Liu, Can, et al.
(author)
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Interpregnancy Interval and Subsequent Severe Maternal Morbidity : A 16-Year Population-Based Study From California
- 2021
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In: American Journal of Epidemiology. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 0002-9262 .- 1476-6256. ; 190:6, s. 1034-1046
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Interpregnancy interval (IPI) is associated with adverse perinatal outcomes, but its contribution to severe maternal morbidity (SMM) remains unclear. We examined the association between IPI and SMM, using data linked across sequential pregnancies to women in California during 1997-2012. Adjusting for confounders measured in the index pregnancy (i.e., the first in a pair of consecutive pregnancies), we estimated adjusted risk ratios for SMM related to the subsequent pregnancy. We further conducted within-mother comparisons and analyses stratified by parity and maternal age at the index pregnancy. Compared with an IPI of 18-23 months, an IPI of <6 months had the same risk for SMM in between-mother comparisons (adjusted risk ratio (aRR) = 0.96, 95% confidence interval (CD: 0.91, 1.02) but lower risk in within-mother comparisons (aRR = 0.76, 95 degrees/0 CI: 0.67, 0.86). IPIs of 24-59 months and >= 60 months were associated with increased risk of SMM in both between-mother (aRR = 1.18 (95% CI: 1.13, 1.23) and aRR = 1.76 (95% CI: 1.68, 1.85), respectively) and within-mother (aRR = 1.22 (95% CI: 1.11, 1.34) and aRR = 1.88 (95% CI: 1.66, 2.13), respectively) comparisons. The association between IPI and SMM did not vary substantially by maternal age or parity. In this study, longer IPI was associated with increased risk of SMM, which may be partly attributed to interpregnancy health.
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| 2. |
- Liu, Can, 1984-, et al.
(author)
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Parental death and initiation of antidepressant treatment in surviving children and youth : a national register-based matched cohort study
- 2023
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In: eClinicalMedicine. - : Elsevier. - 2589-5370. ; 60
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Population-based longitudinal studies on bereaved children and youth's mental health care use are scarce and few have assessed the role of surviving parents' mental health status.METHODS: Using register data of individuals born in Sweden in 1992-1999, we performed a matched cohort study (n = 117,518) on the association between parental death and subsequent initiation of antidepressant treatment among individuals bereaved at ages 7-24 years. We used flexible parametric survival models to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) over time after bereavement, adjusting for individual and parental factors. We further examined if the association varied by age at loss, sex, parental sociodemographic factors, cause of death, and the surviving parents' psychiatric care.FINDINGS: The bereaved were more likely to initiate antidepressants treatment than the nonbereaved matched individuals during follow-up (incidence rate per 1000 person years 27.5 [26.5-28.5] vs. 18.2 [17.9-18.6]). The HRs peaked in the first year after bereavement and remained higher than the nonbereaved individuals until the end of the follow-up. The average HR over the 12 years of follow-up was 1.48 (95% confidence interval [1.39-1.58]) for father's death and 1.33 [1.22-1.46] for mother's death. The HRs were particularly high when the surviving parents received psychiatric care before bereavement (2.11 [1.89-2.56] for father's death; 2.14 [1.79-2.56] for mother's death) or treated for anxiety or depression after bereavement (1.80 [1.67-1.94]; 1.82 [1.59-2.07]).INTERPRETATION: The risk of initiating antidepressant treatment was the highest in the first year after parental death and remained elevated over the next decade. The risk was particularly high among individuals with surviving parents affected by psychiatric morbidity.
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| 3. |
- Urquia, Marcelo L., et al.
(author)
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Smoking During Pregnancy Among Immigrant Women With Same-Origin and Swedish-Born Partners
- 2021
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In: Nicotine & tobacco research. - : Oxford University Press (OUP). - 1462-2203 .- 1469-994X. ; 23:2, s. 349-356
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Although ethnically mixed couples are on the rise in industrialized countries, their health behaviors are poorly understood. We examined the associations between partner's birthplace, age at immigration, and smoking during pregnancy among foreign-born women.Methods: Population-based register study including all pregnancies resulting in a livebirth or stillbirth in Sweden (1991-2012) with complete information on smoking and parental country of birth. We compared the prevalence of smoking during pregnancy between women in dual same-origin foreign-born unions (n = 213 111) and in mixed couples (immigrant women with a Swedish-born partner) (n = 111 866) using logistic regression. Swedish-born couples were used as a benchmark.Results: The crude smoking rate among Swedish women whose partners were Swedish was 11%. Smoking rates of women in dual same-origin foreign-born unions varied substantially by birthplace, from 1.3% among women from Asian countries to 23.2% among those from other Nordic countries. Among immigrant groups with prevalences of pregnancy smoking higher than that of women in dual Swedish-born unions, having a Swedish-born partner was associated with lower odds of smoking (adjusted odds ratios: 0.72-0.87) but with higher odds among immigrant groups with lower prevalence (adjusted odds ratios: 1.17-5.88). These associations were stronger among women immigrating in adulthood, whose smoking rates were the lowest.Conclusions: Swedish-born partners pull smoking rates of immigrant women toward the level of smoking of Swedish-born women, particularly among women arrived during adulthood. Consideration of a woman's and her partner's ethnic background and life stage at migration may help understand smoking patterns of immigrant women.
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| 4. |
- Wall-Wieler, Elizabeth, et al.
(author)
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Avoidable mortality among parents whose children were placed in care in Sweden : a population-based study
- 2018
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In: Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health. - : BMJ. - 0143-005X .- 1470-2738. ; 72:12, s. 1091-1098
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Separation from one's child can have significant consequences for parental health and well-being. We aimed to investigate whether parents whose children were placed in care had higher rates of avoidable mortality.METHODS: Data were obtained from the Swedish national registers. Mortality rates among parents whose children were placed in care between 1990 and 2012 (17 503 mothers, 18 298 fathers) were compared with a 1:5 matched cohort of parents whose children were not placed. We computed rate differences and HRs of all-cause and avoidable mortality.RESULTS: Among mothers, deaths due to preventable causes were 3.09 times greater (95% CI 2.24 to 4.26) and deaths due to amenable causes were 3.04 times greater (95% CI 2.03 to 4.57) for those whose children were placed in care. Among fathers, death due to preventable causes were 1.64 times greater (95% CI 1.32 to 2.02) and deaths due to amenable causes were 1.84 times greater (95% CI 1.33 to 2.55) for those whose children were placed in care. Avoidable mortality rates were higher among mothers whose children were young when placed in care and among parents whose children were all placed in care.CONCLUSIONS: Parents who had a child placed in out-of-home care are at higher risk of avoidable mortality. Interventions targeting mothers who had a child aged less than 13 placed in care, and parents whose children were all placed in care could have the greatest impact in reducing avoidable mortality in this population.
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| 5. |
- Wall-Wieler, Elizabeth, et al.
(author)
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Intergenerational involvement in out-of-home care and death by suicide in Sweden : A population-based cohort study
- 2018
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In: Journal of Affective Disorders. - : Elsevier BV. - 0165-0327 .- 1573-2517. ; 238, s. 506-512
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Individuals involved in out-of-home care are at higher risk of death by suicide. We aimed to determine whether parents with two generations of involvement in out-of-home care (themselves as children, and their own children) are at increased risk of death by suicide than parents with no involvement or parents with one generation of involvement in out-of-home care. Method: This population-based cohort study included all individuals born in Sweden between 1973 and 1980 who had at least one child between 1990 and 2012 (n=487,948). Women (n=259,275) and men (n=228,673) were examined separately. Results: When compared with mothers with no involvement in out-of-home care, mothers with two generations of involvement were at more than five times greater risk of death by suicide (aHR=5.52; 95% CI 2.91-10.46); mothers with one generation of involvement were also at significantly higher risk of death by suicide (mothers were in care as children: aHR=2.35; 95% CI 1.27-4.35; child was placed in care: aHR=3.23; 95% CI 1.79-5.83). Involvement in out-of-home care (in either generation) did not affect risk of death by suicide for fathers. Limitations: Reason for placement in out-of-home care is not known; these reasons could also be associated with risk of death by suicide Conclusion: Mothers with involvement in out- of-home care, either as children or when their child was placed in care, are at significantly higher risk of death by suicide. Mental health services should be provided to individuals involved in out-of-home care.
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| 6. |
- Wall-Wieler, Elizabeth, et al.
(author)
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Intergenerational transmission of out-of-home care in Sweden : A population-based cohort study
- 2018
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In: International Journal of Child Abuse & Neglect. - : Elsevier BV. - 0145-2134 .- 1873-7757. ; 83, s. 42-51
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The objective of this study is to examine the intergenerational transmission of out-of-home care. This population-based study used data from the Swedish National Registers and included all children born in Sweden between 1990 and 2012 (followed for up to 13 years), whose parents were both born in Sweden between 1973 and 1980 (278 327 children; 145 935 mothers; 146 896 fathers). Cox regression models are used to obtain crude and adjusted hazard ratios (HR) of OHC placement among children based on parents’ history of OHC. Compared with children whose parents both did not have a history of OHC, the risk of being placed in OHC was greater when both parents spent time in OHC (crude HR = 48.70, 95% CI 41.46–57.21; adjusted HR = 3.04, 95% CI = 2.54–3.64), however, children who had only one parent who spent time in care were also at higher risk (mothers only adjusted HR = 2.37, 95% CI = 2.08–2.70; fathers only adjusted HR = 1.33, 95% CI = 1.13–1.55). The crude rate of placement in OHC was highest for children whose parents were placed in care during adolescence, but after adjusting for social and behavioral covariates, children whose parents were in care in early childhood were at greater risk of OHC than children whose parents were in care in adolescence. To reduce this intergenerational transmission of OHC, more supports should be provided to parents who spent time in OHC to ensure a successful transition to parenthood.
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| 7. |
- Wall-Wieler, Elizabeth, et al.
(author)
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Severe maternal morbidity and postpartum mental health-related outcomes in Sweden : a population-based matched-cohort study
- 2019
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In: Archives of Women's Mental Health. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1434-1816 .- 1435-1102. ; 22:4, s. 519-526
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We examined whether women experiencing severe maternal morbidity (SMM) are more likely to be treated for a psychiatric illness or be prescribed psychotropic medications in the postpartum year than mothers who did not experience SMM. We also examine the relationship between SMM and specific mental health-related outcomes, and the relationship between specific SMM diagnoses/procedures and postpartum mental-health-related outcomes. The national registers in Sweden were used to create a population-based matched cohort. Every delivery with SMM between July 1, 2006, and December 31, 2012 (n = 8558), was matched with two deliveries without SMM (n = 17,116). Conditional logistic regression models assessed the relationship between SMM and postpartum mental health-related outcomes. Women who experienced SMM had significantly greater odds of being treated for a psychiatric disorder (aOR 1.22; 95% CI 1.03-1.45) and being prescribed psychotropic medications (aOR 1.40; 95% CI 1.24-1.58) in the postpartum year. Specifically, they had significantly greater odds of being treated for neuroses (aOR 1.35; 95% CI 1.09-1.69) and having a prescription for anxiolytics/hypnotics (aOR 1.36; 95% CI 1.18-1.58) or antidepressants (aOR 1.35; 95% CI 1.17-1.55). Women who were diagnosed with shock or uterine rupture/obstetric laparotomy during delivery had the greatest odds of postpartum mental health-related outcomes. This study identified mothers with SMM as a group at high risk for postpartum mental illness. Postpartum mental health services should be provided to ensure the well-being of these high-risk mothers.
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