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| 2. |
- Malzbender, K., et al.
(author)
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Validation, Deployment, and Real-World Implementation of a Modular Toolbox for Alzheimer’s Disease Detection and Dementia Risk Reduction: The AD-RIDDLE Project
- 2024
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In: Journal of Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease. - 2274-5807 .- 2426-0266. ; 11:2, s. 329-338
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Real-World Implementation, Deployment, and Validation of Early Detection Tools and Lifestyle Enhancement (AD-RIDDLE) project, recently launched with the support of the EU Innovative Health Initiative (IHI) public-private partnership and UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), aims to develop, test, and deploy a modular toolbox platform that can reduce existing barriers to the timely detection, and therapeutic approaches in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), thus accelerating AD innovation. By focusing on health system and health worker practices, AD-RIDDLE seeks to improve and smooth AD management at and between each key step of the clinical pathway and across the disease continuum, from at-risk asymptomatic stages to early symptomatic ones. This includes innovation and improvement in AD awareness, risk reduction and prevention, detection, diagnosis, and intervention. The 24 partners in the AD-RIDDLE interdisciplinary consortium will develop and test the AD-RIDDLE toolbox platform and its components individually and in combination in six European countries. Expected results from this cross-sectoral research collaboration include tools for earlier detection and accurate diagnosis; validated, novel digital cognitive and blood-based biomarkers; and improved access to individualized preventative interventions (including multimodal interventions and symptomatic/disease-modifying therapies) across diverse populations, within the framework of precision medicine. Overall, AD-RIDDLE toolbox platform will advance management of AD, improving outcomes for patients and their families, and reducing costs.
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| 5. |
- Ebbestad, Jan Ove R., et al.
(author)
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A paradoxidid moult ensemble from the Cambrian of Sweden
- 2013
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In: GFF. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1103-5897 .- 2000-0863. ; 135:1, s. 18-29
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A mass aggregation of 148 paradoxidid trilobites and associated specimens of the agnostoid Pentagnostus praecurrens is preserved on a surface of a split orsten lens from the Middle Cambrian Series 3 Acadoparadoxides pinus-P. praecurrens Zone in Jamtland, Sweden. Most specimens are complete or nearly complete, lying parallel to the sediment surface and seem unaffected by currents or sorting. The association is interpreted as a moult ensemble. Paradoxidid specimens are represented by two taxa, identified as paradoxidid sp. 1 (n=28 specimens) and Eccaparadoxides sp. 2 (n=45 specimens). The species are preserved both dorsum up and dorsum down, in about equal number, which may reflect a natural tendency to moult in either posture. They probably moulted by opening the cephalic sutures along the wide rostrum. The dorsal sutures are invariably open and the librigenae are very often displaced, commonly backwards in relation to the cranidium, but not symmetrically in relation to the axial shield. The glabella of the paradoxidids is often crushed, so that sometimes the underlying hypostome is outlined. Very few examples show the joint between the cranidium and the trunk being broken. Facies interpretation suggests deposition below storm wave base. Rapid burial, possibly by blanketing from hypopycnal flows followed by an extended period of slow sediment input (Type 1 facies of Brett et al. 2012) may explain the unusual preservation. The animals may have lived in an ex-aerobic environment, but evidence to support this is at the moment insubstantial.
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| 6. |
- Jakobsson, Martin, et al.
(author)
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Ryder Glacier in northwest Greenland is shielded from warm Atlantic water by a bathymetric sill
- 2020
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In: Communications Earth & Environment. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 2662-4435. ; 1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The processes controlling advance and retreat of outlet glaciers in fjords draining the Greenland Ice Sheet remain poorly known, undermining assessments of their dynamics and associated sea-level rise in a warming climate. Mass loss of the Greenland Ice Sheet has increased six-fold over the last four decades, with discharge and melt from outlet glaciers comprising key components of this loss. Here we acquired oceanographic data and multibeam bathymetry in the previously uncharted Sherard Osborn Fjord in northwest Greenland where Ryder Glacier drains into the Arctic Ocean. Our data show that warmer subsurface water of Atlantic origin enters the fjord, but Ryder Glacier’s floating tongue at its present location is partly protected from the inflow by a bathymetric sill located in the innermost fjord. This reduces under-ice melting of the glacier, providing insight into Ryder Glacier’s dynamics and its vulnerability to inflow of Atlantic warmer water.
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- Lark, Michael W., et al.
(author)
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Aggrecan degradation in human cartilage : Evidence for both matrix metalloproteinase and aggrecanase activity in normal, osteoarthritic, and rheumatoid joints
- 1997
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In: Journal of Clinical Investigation. - 0021-9738. ; 100:1, s. 93-106
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- To examine the activity of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and aggrecanase in control and diseased human articular cartilage, metabolic fragments of aggrecan were detected with monospecific antipeptide antibodies. The distribution and quantity of MMP-generated aggrecan G1 fragments terminating in VDIPEN341 were compared with the distribution of aggrecanase-generated G1 fragments terminating in NITEGE373. Both types of G1 fragments were isolated from osteoarthritic cartilage. The sizes were consistent with a single enzymatic cleavage in the interglobular domain region, with no further proteolytic processing of these fragments. Both neoepitopes were also detected by immunohistochemistry in articular cartilage from patients undergoing joint replacement for osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and in cartilage from adults with no known joint disease. In control specimens, the staining intensity for both G1 fragments increased with age, with little staining in cartilage from 22-wk-old fetal samples. There was also an increase with age in the extracted amount of MMP- generated neoepitope in relation to both aggrecan and collagen content, confirming the immunohistochemical results. After the age of 20-30 yr this relationship remained at a steady state. The staining for the MMP-generated epitope was most marked in control cartilage exhibiting histological signs of damage, whereas intense staining for the aggrecanase-generated fragment was often noted in adult cartilage lacking overt histological damage. Intense staining for both neoepitopes appeared in the more severely fibrillated, superficial region of the tissue. Intense immunostaining for both VDIPEN- and NITEGE-neoepitopes was also detected in joint cartilage from patients with OA or RA. Cartilage in these specimens was significantly more degraded and high levels of staining for both epitopes was always seen in areas with extensive cartilage damage. The levels of extracted VDIPEN neoepitope relative to collagen or aggrecan in both OA and RA samples were similar to those seen in age-matched control specimens. Immunostaining for both types of aggrecan fragments was seen surrounding the cells but also further removed in the interterritorial matrix. In some regions of the tissue, both neoepitopes were found while in others only one was detected. Thus, generation and/or turnover of these specific catabolic aggrecan fragments is not necessarily coordinated. Our results are consistent with the presence in both normal and arthritic joint cartilage of proteolytic activity against aggrecan based on both classical MMPs and 'aggrecanase'.
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| 9. |
- Li, Shunyi, et al.
(author)
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Intrinsic energy band alignment of functional oxides
- 2014
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In: Physica Status Solidi - Rapid Research Letetrs. - : Wiley. - 1862-6254 .- 1862-6270. ; 8:6, s. 571-576
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The energy band alignment at interfaces between different materials is a key factor, which determines the function of electronic devices. While the energy band alignment of conventional semiconductors is quite well understood, systematic experimental studies on oxides are still missing. This work presents an extensive study on the intrinsic energy band alignment of a wide range of functional oxides using photoelectron spectroscopy with in-situ sample preparation. The studied materials have particular technological importance in diverse fields as solar cells, piezotronics, multiferroics, photoelectrochemistry and oxide electronics. Particular efforts have been made to verify the validity of transitivity, in order to confirm the intrinsic nature of the obtained band alignment and to understand the underlying principles. Valence band offsets up to 1.6 eV are observed. The large variation of valence band maximum energy can be explained by the different orbital contributions to the density of states in the valence band. The framework provided by this work enables the general understanding and prediction of energy band alignment at oxide interfaces, and furthermore the tailoring of energy level matching for charge transfer in functional oxides. (C) 2014 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
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| 11. |
- Rushton, Adrian A.W, et al.
(author)
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Paradoxidid trilobites from a mid-Cambrian (Series 3, stage 5) limestone concretion from Jämtland, central Sweden
- 2016
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In: Bulletin of Geosciences. - : Czech Geological Survey. - 1214-1119 .- 1802-8225. ; 91:3, s. 515-552
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper describes the morphology and discusses the taxonomy of the paradoxidid trilobites present in the moult ensemble described by Ebbestad et al. (2013) from a huge limestone concretion of the Alum Shale Formation collected at Östnår, Jämtland. Two species, both represented by numerous but small complete holaspid specimens are described as new: Eccaparadoxides? thorslundi sp. nov. is distinctive, but its generic position is considered doubtful; Hydrocephalus spinulosus is similar to H. vikensis Rushton & Weidner, 2007 (also present as a rarity in the moult ensemble) and is partly distinguished from it by characters of the thorax. Also illustrated are a few specimens that have been collected at various localities between Hackås and Brunflo. They appear to represent individuals of some of the species in the moult ensemble and are about twice the size of their type specimens.
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| 12. |
- Vanfleteren, Lowie E G W, et al.
(author)
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Biomarker-based clustering of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- 2023
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In: ERJ Open Research. - : European Respiratory Society (ERS). - 2312-0541. ; 9:1
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Rationale COPD has been associated repeatedly with single biomarkers of systemic inflammation, ignoring the complexity of inflammatory pathways. This study aimed to cluster patients with COPD based on systemic markers of inflammatory processes and to evaluate differences in their clinical characterisation and examine how these differences may relate to altered biological pathways. Methods 213 patients with moderate-to-severe COPD in a clinically stable state were recruited and clinically characterised, which included a venous blood sample for analysis of serum biomarkers. Patients were clustered based on the overall similarity in systemic levels of 57 different biomarkers. To determine interactions among the regulated biomarkers, protein networks and biological pathways were examined for each patient cluster. Results Four clusters were identified: two clusters with lower biomarker levels (I and II) and two clusters with higher biomarker levels (III and IV), with only a small number of biomarkers with similar trends in expression. Pathway analysis indicated that three of the four clusters were enriched in Rage (receptor for advanced glycation end-products) and Oncostatin M pathway components. Although the degree of airflow limitation was similar, the clinical characterisation of clusters ranged from 1) better functional capacity and health status and fewer comorbidities; 2) more underweight, osteoporosis and static hyperinflation; 3) more metabolically deranged; and 4) older subjects with worse functional capacity and higher comorbidity load. Conclusions These new insights may help to understand the functionally relevant inflammatory interactions in the pathophysiology of COPD as a heterogeneous disease.
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| 13. |
- Wagenlehner, F. M. E., et al.
(author)
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Antibiotikaprophylaxe in der Urologie
- 2011
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In: Der Urologe. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0340-2592 .- 1433-0563. ; 50:11, s. 1469-1478
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The aim of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis is the prevention of surgical site infections and urinary tract infections during urological procedures. The indication for antibiotic prophylaxis comprises several risk factors such as the degree of contamination of the operative site, duration of surgery, implantation of devices and comorbidities of the individual patient. In general this involves a single antibiotic administration before the operative procedure. The antibiotic prophylaxis is part of the total antibiotic consumption and thus a factor contributing to emergence of antibiotic resistance. It is not a substitute for hygiene measures or operative precision.
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| 14. |
- Weidner, G, et al.
(author)
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Cardiovascular reactivity to mental stress in the Stockholm Female Coronary Risk Study
- 2001
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In: Psychosomatic Medicine. - SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Psychol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Educ, Dept Hlth Psychol, Schwabisch Gmund, Germany. Karolinska Inst, Dept Prevent Med, Stockholm, Sweden. Karolinska Inst, Dept Cardiol, Stockholm, Sweden. Karolinska Hosp, S-10401 Stockholm, Sweden. Univ Stockholm, Student Hlth Ctr, Stockholm, Sweden. : LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS. - 0033-3174 .- 1534-7796. ; 63:6, s. 917-924
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Objective: This study evaluated the ability of mental stress testing to discriminate between women with and without CHD, and among women with different disease manifestations, taking into account history of hypertension and beta -blocker use. Methods: Analyses were based on data from a community-based case-control study of women aged 65 years or younger. The study group consisted of 292 women who were hospitalized for an acute event of CHD, either AMI or unstable AP in Stockholm between 1991 and 1994. Controls were matched to cases by age and catchment area. Cardiovascular reactivity and emotional response to an anagram task solved under time pressure were measured 3 to 6 months after hospitalization. Results: Patients reacted with smaller increases in heart rate (4 bpm) than their controls (7 bpm). Results for the rate-pressure product were similar. Cardiovascular reactions did not distinguish patients with AP from those with AML History of hypertension (present in 50% of patients and 11% of controls) was related to enhanced diastolic blood pressure reactivity. Patients on beta -blockers (66%) had lower heart-rate levels throughout testing, but did not differ in their cardiovascular stress reactions when compared with the remaining participants. Conclusions: Women with heart disease have somewhat lower heart-rate responses to stress than healthy age-matched controls. History of hypertension is related to enhanced diastolic blood pressure reactivity to mental stress in both patients and controls.
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| 16. |
- Weidner, Thomas, et al.
(author)
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A paradoxidid–agnostoid fauna from the mid-Cambrian (Stage 5) of the Caledonian Lower Allochthon on Tåsjöberget, Ångermanland, Sweden
- 2014
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In: GFF. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1103-5897 .- 2000-0863. ; 136:4, s. 513-530
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We describe faunas, formerly very little known, from allochthonous mid-Cambrian strata in the Fjällbränna Formation (Tåsjön Group) in Ångermanland that are equivalent to the “Paradoxides oelandicus Beds” of the autochthon. Paradoxidid trilobites are by far the commonest forms but are represented only by dissociated sclerites; 7–10 taxa appear to be present, but most of them are so incomplete that they cannot be identified with certainty. They are accompanied by rare agnostoids of two taxa, Pentagnostus praecurrens and Acadagnostus acadicus. The assemblages lack eodiscoid or other polymerid trilobites, molluscs and brachiopods, and in this respect contrast with shallower-water shelf faunas in the “Oelandicus Beds” of the Swedish autochthon, but bear comparison with shelf-edge or slope faunas from Novaya Zemlya (Arctic Russia), the Moesian Platform (Romania) and South Carolina (USA).
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| 18. |
- Örstavik, K., et al.
(author)
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Abnormal function of C-fibers in patients with diabetic neuropathy
- 2006
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In: Journal of Neuroscience. - Washington DC, USA : The Society for Neuroscience. - 0270-6474 .- 1529-2401. ; 26:44, s. 11287-11294
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The mechanisms underlying the development of painful and nonpainful neuropathy associated with diabetes mellitus are unclear. We have obtained microneurographic recordings from unmyelinated fibers in eight patients with diabetes mellitus, five with painful neuropathy, and three with neuropathy without pain. All eight patients had large-fiber neuropathy, and seven patients had pathological thermal thresholds in their feet, indicating the involvement of small-caliber nerve fibers. A total of 163 C-fibers were recorded at knee level from the common peroneal nerve in the patients (36-67 years old), and these were compared with 77 C-fibers from healthy controls (41-64 years old). The ratio of mechano-responsive to mechano-insensitive nociceptors was similar to 2:1 in the healthy controls, whereas in the patients, it was 1:2. In patients, a fairly large percentage of characterized fibers (12.5% in nonpainful and 18.9% in painful neuropathy) resembled mechano-responsive nociceptors that had lost their mechanical and heat responsiveness. Such fibers were rarely encountered in age-matched controls (3.2%). Afferent fibers with spontaneous activity or mechanical sensitization were found in both patient groups. We conclude that small-fiber neuropathy in diabetes affects receptive properties of nociceptors that leads to an impairment of mechano-responsive nociceptors.
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