| 1. |
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Innovation Spaces in Asia: Entrepreneurs, Multinational Enterprises and Policy
- 2015
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Editorial collection (other academic/artistic)abstract
- The chapters provide rich empirical illustrations about on-going processes of innovation, where the Asian context can be seen in the specific cases as having an impact upon firms and sectors with implications for economic change and socio-political transformation. This book is about Asia as the site of business, where customers, institutions, and firms, both domestic and foreign, are interacting to affect global processes of innovation and production. This book aims to provide an empirical understanding and initial conceptualization of innovation spaces in Asia, including the role of multinational enterprises, entrepreneurship and public policy
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| 2. |
- Malerba, Franco, et al.
(author)
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Introduction to the Dynamics of Knowledge Intensive Entrepreneurship
- 2016
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In: Dynamics of knowledge intensive entrepreneurship business strategy & public policy edited by Franco Malerba, Yannis Caloghirou, Maureen McKelvey, Slavo Radosevic.. - United Kingdom : Routledge. - 9781138025288
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This chapter introduces the concept of Knowledge Intensive Entrepreneurship. Moreover, the chapter positions this concept, by providing an overview of previous research, as well as chapters in this book.
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| 3. |
- Malerba, Franco, et al.
(author)
-
Introduction to the Dynamics of Knowledge Intensive Entrepreneurship
- 2015
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In: Dynamics of Knowledge Intensive Entrepreneurship: Business Strategy and Public Policy / Edited by Franco Malerba, Yannis Caloghirou, Maureen McKelvey, Slavo Radoševic. - 9781138025288
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This chapter introduces the concept of Knowledge Intensive Entrepreneurship. Moreover, the chapter positions this concept, by providing an overview of previous research, as well as chapters in this book.
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| 4. |
- Malerba, Franco, et al.
(author)
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Public Policy Implications of Knowledge Intensive Entrepreneurship
- 2016
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In: Malerba, F.; Caloghirou, Y.; McKelvey, M. and Radosevic, S. (2015). The Dynamics of Knowledge Intensive Entrepreneurship: Business strategy and public policy. - United Kingdom : Routledge. - 9781138025288 ; , s. 427-439
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This chapter addresses the public policy implications of knowledge intensive entrepreneurship. Given the difficulties of promoting growth in Europe, the sphere of public policy instruments and goals is particularly important to explain and develop, relative to the findings of this major research project AEGIS, which was financed under Framework programme 7.
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| 5. |
- Malerba, Franco, et al.
(author)
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Public Policy Implications of Knowledge Intensive Entrepreneurship
- 2015
-
In: Malerba, F.; Caloghirou, Y.; McKelvey, M. and Radosevic, S. (2015). The Dynamics of Knowledge Intensive Entrepreneurship: Business strategy and public policy. - 9781138025288 ; , s. 427-439
-
Book chapter (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This chapter addresses the public policy implications of knowledge intensive entrepreneurship. Given the difficulties of promoting growth in Europe, the sphere of public policy instruments and goals is particularly important to explain and develop, relative to the findings of this major research project AEGIS, which was financed under Framework programme 7.
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| 6. |
- McKelvey, Maureen, 1965, et al.
(author)
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Conclusions of Innovation Spaces in Asia
- 2015
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In: Innovation spaces in Asia entrepreneurs, multinational enterprises and policy edited by Maureen McKelvey, Sharmistha Bagchi-Sen. - Cheltenham : Edward Elgar. - 978 1 78347 567 4 - 9781783475674 ; , s. 354-368
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This chapter reflects upon the conceptualization and empirical understanding of innovation spaces in Asia, and especially the roles of entrepreneurs, multinational enterprises, and policy. This includes a theoretical conceptualization as well as relating the findings in each chapter to the overall conceptualization proposed.
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| 7. |
- McKelvey, Maureen, 1965, et al.
(author)
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Ramifications for Western Firms of Navigating Through Innovation Spaces in Asia
- 2015
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In: McKelvey, M. and Bagchi-Sen, S. (2015). Innovation Spaces in Asia: Entrepreneurs, Multinational Enterprises and Policy. - Cheltenham, U.K. : Edward Elgar Publishers. - 9781783475674 ; , s. 333-353
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This chapter draws upon a line of research to propose a conceptualization of innovation spaces, and focuses upon the implications for Asia. The main perspective taken in this chapter – and most of the book – is the firm perspective, requiring micro-data and a deep understanding set in a context, and this can be analyzed both through case studies and through quantitative data of macro trends and later, econometric techniques to test hypotheses.
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| 8. |
- Meraxa, Teuku Arckyansyah, et al.
(author)
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The Emergence of Indonesian Multinational Enterprises
- 2015
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In: McKelvey, M. and Bagchi-Sen, S. (2015). Innovation Spaces in Asia: Entrepreneurs, Multinational Enterprises and Policy. - Cheltenham, U.K. : Edward Elgar Publishers. - 9781783475674 ; , s. 208-230
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This chapter analyzes Indonesia as an emerging innovation spaces, with a particular focus upon the internationalization strategy of multinational enterprises from this emerging market. Indonesia presents a particular type of political economic market, where state-owned enterprises control most of the energy and welfare industries while MNEs and domestic business control most of trading houses and services, which are less regulated. This chapter provides three cases to illustrate the evolution of Indonesian emerging country multinational enterprises, specifically the firms Adaro Energy, Mayora, and Astra.
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| 9. |
- Salter, Ammon, et al.
(author)
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Evolutionary Approaches to Innovation and Entrepreneurship: Sidney G Winter, recipient of the 2015 global award for entrepreneurship research.
- 2016
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In: Small Business Economics. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0921-898X .- 1573-0913. ; 47:1, s. 1-14
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This article reviews the intellectual contributions of Professor Sidney G. Winter, who is the recipient of the 2015 Global Award for Entrepreneurship Research. Professor Winter has contributed through his theoretical as well as empirical understanding of Schumpeterian processes of dynamic competition, the generation of differential technological opportunities through appropriability conditions and the mechanisms driving dynamic capabilities in firms. His work, especially the joint work on evolutionary economics with Richard R. Nelson, has led to a revival of interest in theories based upon Schumpeterian economics within the study of both entrepreneurship and innovation. His work on dynamic capabilities has been highly influential in management. Professor Sidney G. Winter is Deloitte and Touche Professor Emeritus of Management, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania.
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| 10. |
- Al Ghafri, Aziza, 1982-
(author)
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"I Wanna Be Free" : On the Challenges and Coping Strategies of Women Entrepreneurs in Sweden
- 2024
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Women's entrepreneurship is often presented as important for creating economic prosperity at the national level and is said to offer freedom, independence, and emancipation for women. The purpose of this study is to explore the conditions of women entrepreneurs who have different backgrounds in Sweden. To achieve this purpose, this study focuses on the challenges women entrepreneurs perceive and the coping strategies they employ to navigate these challenges. The study adopts an intersectional gender perspective, grounded in research on entrepreneurship, gender, and ethnicity. It draws on qualitative data collected through semi-structured interviews with women entrepreneurs in Sweden who have different backgrounds. The findings show that the challenges experienced by the women entrepreneurs included lack of support, being belittled, being excluded, having to work harder and be strong and having to adapt. The analysis discusses that these challenges can be understood as a result of gendered perceptions of entrepreneurship and processes of Othering. Ethnicity and race also play a role in shaping these conditions. The interviewed women deal with the conditions through four strategies: the assimilation strategy; the positive strategy, the ambiguity strategy, and the change strategy. The coping strategies are discussed in relation to empowerment and emancipation. From a theoretical perspective, this study contributes to developing concepts and conceptual relationships to capture how gender, ethnicity, and race impact women's conditions as entrepreneurs.
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| 11. |
- Gifford, Ethan, et al.
(author)
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To what extent do external sources of knowledge affect the innovative performance of knowledge intensive entrepreneurial firms? The effects of depth and breadth of openness on manufacturing and service innovations
- 2015
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In: DRUID Society conference 2015, Rome, June 15-17. ; 2015:2466
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper examines the effects of breadth and depth of external knowledge sourcing on the innovativeness of a specific classification of organization, the knowledge intensive entrepreneurial (KIE) firm. This type of firm has been observed as being critically important to growth and development in modern economies, yet how it uses external knowledge sources for innovation has received little direct attention in the literature. Using data from the EU?s recent AEGIS project, investigating knowledge intensive entrepreneurship in Europe covering just over 4000 entrepreneurial firms, this paper uses fractional logit models, as well as an OLS model based on alternating least squares optimal scaling (ALSOS), to estimate the relationship between breadth and depth of external knowledge sourcing and that of innovative performance of the KIE firm. We find that breadth is curvi-linearly related to innovative performance in KIE firms, but that depth, while related to innovativeness, does not assume this functional form. Additionally, a principal components analysis reveals that non-industry sources of knowledge in the form of state, national, or regional research-based or academic entities, as well as knowledge in the form of academic and trade publications, are statistically significant/relevant as external sources of knowledge for innovation in KIE firms. Industry sources of knowledge such as clients, customers, and supplier are statistically significant sources only for innovation in goods, not in terms of innovation in services, or novelty of innovations produced. Recommendations for future research and policy implications are provided based on these findings.
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| 12. |
- Habtay, Solomon R., et al.
(author)
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Incumbents’ responses to disruptive business model innovation: the moderating role of technology vs. market-driven innovation
- 2014
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In: International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation Management. - Olney : InderScience Publishers. - 1741-5098 .- 1368-275X. ; 18:4, s. 289-309
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Current research argues that incumbents should respond to disruptive innovation by setting up a separate business unit. This recommendation stems from research predominantly carried out on disruptive technologies in high-tech industries but whether incumbents respond differently to other types of disruptive business model innovations and whether the type of response leads to a difference in performance have not been empirically analysed. By collecting data from 88 strategic business units (SBUs) and dividing the sample into incumbents responding to disruptive technology against those responding to disruptive market-driven innovations, the study shows that the latter type of firms can succeed in managing both disruptive and sustaining innovations without setting up structurally separated business units. We discuss the implications of our results and highlight areas for further research.
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| 13. |
- Hård, Ursula, et al.
(author)
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Kvinnors företagande : arbetsmarknadsbeteende och organisatorisk lösning
- 2007
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Book (other academic/artistic)abstract
- I dagens Sverige lyfts ofta småföretag och entreprenörer fram. Företagandet diskuteras dock ofta separat från både arbetsmarknad och övriga näringslivet. Därmed negligeras att individer växlar mellan att vara sin egen och ha anställning, det vill säga att företagandet ofta är ett sätt för individen att navigera på arbetsmarknaden snarare än drivet av en stark önskan att vara sin egen. Inte heller uppmärksammas att små företag ofta startas och drivs som en direkt konsekvens av stora organisationers strategier - det vill säga företagandet är en organisatorisk lösning på en stor organisations problem, inte uttryck för en individs starka vilja att vara sin egen. I studien ges exempel på företagande av dessa slag. Det första exemplet bygger på Ursula Hårds studier av kvinnor som följt en starta-eget-kurs i en norrlandskommun och det andra på Malin Tillmars studier av företagande i anslutning till den offentliga sektorns omvandling. Det första fallet är ett exempel på företagande som arbetsmarknadsbeteende, det sistnämnda på företagande som organisatorisk lösning. Företagandet som skapat, och skapare av, genussystemet är tydligt i fallen och diskuteras i studien.
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| 14. |
- Ljungberg, Daniel, 1980
(author)
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New combinations and academic engagement: Do academic inventors affect firms' technological recombination?
- 2015
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In: Druid Society conference 2015, Rome, June 15-17. ; 2015:2680
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper proposes that academic inventors, who are researchers employed at universities and who are involved in the invention processes of firms, can be an important search channel for firms, and that directly involving them in firms? invention teams may increase the probability of generating technological combinations new to the firm. The hypotheses derived based on this proposition are tested on patent data between 1990 and 2005 on Swedish based R&D intensive firms in manufacturing industries, and are supported by the empirical tests. The findings demonstrate that when academic inventors join firms? inventor teams the likelihood of generating new combinations increase substantially, but only so in firms? core technologies. This paper thus contributes to the emergent microlevel theory of technological recombination and innovation search, by examining a specific type of inventor not investigated in prior studies.
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| 15. |
- Longo, Stefano, 1969, et al.
(author)
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Key challenges to the corporate biosphere stewardship research program: inequity, reification, and stakeholder commensurability
- 2022
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In: Global Sustainability. - : Cambridge University Press (CUP). - 2059-4798. ; 5
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Non-Technical Summary Research on corporate biosphere stewardship and the related concept of keystone actor has proliferated in recent years. We scrutinize the program focusing on issues and assumptions associated with inequality, naturalizing social processes, or reification, and characterizing corporations as equivalent stakeholders in sustainable development with other actors and organizations. As a result, we argue the program does not promote the stated claim of transformative change for sustainability. We suggest that the research program should develop a deeper analysis of social dynamics, forces, and structures, based in social theory, particularly sociological work, which can help reveal common taken for granted assumptions. Technical Summary We highlight important assumptions associated with the research program in sustainability science developed around corporate biosphere stewardship and the promise of science-business initiatives. In doing so, we interrogate a central concept in this research, keystone actors. We analyze the program based on associated research outputs and communications, focusing on three key challenges 1) inequities related to the concentration of political-economic power 2) concerns with naturalizing social processes, or reification, and 3) the limitations of characterizing corporations as commensurable stakeholders in sustainable development. This research program has revealed some important conditions and dynamics in relation to consolidation and concentration in global industries. However, it has been limited by insufficient integration of knowledge from social science, particularly sociology. Thus, the approach tends to undertheorize social dynamics, processes, and structures. Despite being framed as an effort at improving the prospects for transformative change, the implications, outcomes, and recommendations that emerge from this research program may inadvertently promote increased control and power of elite actors by presenting an ostensible inevitability of corporate dominance for bringing about social welfare and sustainability. We suggest greater attention to social structural dynamics, and particularly social struggles and social movements, when considering the potential for transformational change for sustainability.
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| 16. |
- Rumble, Ryan, 1986
(author)
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The origins of constellations: Analysing conjectural outcomes in the social sciences
- 2019
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In: Business Model Conference.
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Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Set-theoretic methods (STMs), have enabled social scientists to systematically analyse society/ies in ways that could not be achieved using contemporary statistical methods (Fiss, 2007). By assuming complex causality, STMs are able to: (a) identify multiple paths to the same outcome; (b) identify configurations of contingencies and nullifying forces; and (c) distinguish between ‘sufficient’ and ‘necessary’ causal conditions (Schneider & Wagemann, 2012). Therefore, these methods are well suited to the analysis of social reality (Ragin, 1987). Complex causality also implies conjunctural outcomes, as well as causes. Yet, the current literature on STMs restricts their application to the identification of individual, isolated outcomes. The reason for this appear to be methodological rather than philosophical, and a few methodologists have made efforts to incorporate multifinality (cf. Baumgartner, 2009). However, to date, these innovations are limited to the analysis of multiple individual outcomes, rather than conjunctural ones. This paper therefore asks: 1.Should social scientists concern themselves with conjunctural outcomes, and, if so; 2.How might we analyse and identify conjunctural outcomes. This paper presents both an ontological and a pragmatic argument for the study of conjunctural outcomes. In the case of the former, open systems are inherently susceptible to side-effects and externalities. For the latter, the paper highlights the importance for politicians and managers alike to simultaneously achieve conflicting and/or paradoxical outcomes; e.g., economic growth and carbon reduction (Mason, 2015), or the Triple Bottom Line (Jeurissen, 2000); and for the analysis of outcomes that are inherently complex and combinatory, such as business models (Rumble & Mangematin, 2015). For simplicity’s sake, this paper will focus on business studies and an illustrative setting in which to apply the arguments set forth in this paper. To answer the second question, the paper clarifies how the causal logic of existing STMs can be reinterpreted to identify conjunctural outcomes. The paper ends with an illustration of how this can be done using QCA in an analytical process I term reverse-QCA (‘rQCA').
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| 17. |
- Hemlin, Sven, 1948, et al.
(author)
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Organizational support for innovation in biosciences: Comparing high and low performers in Sweden and Croatia
- 2009
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In: European Sociological Association, ESA 9th conference, 2-5 September, 2009, Lisbon.
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Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- There is a need to better understand the organizational factors influencing innovative performance. This cross-cultural study examined organizational support factors in biotech R&D groups differing in innovative performance. The objective was to twofold; first to explore how organizing influences innovativeness in R&D, and, second to examine if R&D organizing is related to nations having a low and high innovation degree, respectively. Results supported that organizing R&D as well as national innovation performance are related. Crucial organizational issues found were how much organizations encouraged innovations, the degree of perceived autonomy and to what extent organizations could supply knowledge. Some of the implications of these results are introduced.
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| 18. |
- Kotze, Shelley, 1986, et al.
(author)
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North–South research collaborations: An empirical evaluation against principles of transboundary research
- 2022
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In: Development Policy Review. - : Wiley. - 0950-6764 .- 1467-7679. ; 40:2
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Motivation: Transboundary research collaborations (TRCs) are critical in supporting evidence-based actions to address complex global issues, yet there remains a lack of empirical knowledge that would detail how TRCs are organized, how activities are facilitated, and how actors interact. Purpose: We address this knowledge gap by evaluating a North–South TRC against the 11 principles for TRCs defined by the Commission for Research Partnerships with Developing Countries (KFPE). Methods and approach: Using personal accounts, content analysis, and semi-structured interviews/surveys, our evaluation casts light on how the process of running a TRC in the 21st century is enacted from the perspective of the individual. Findings: Our results and discussion provide the basis for a more probing and systematic case for and against contemporary TRCs, their underlying value structures and ways of working, as well as the dimensions that are lacking. Policy implications: Evaluation of TRCs must include the experience of all the actors involved in the TRC and not only the outcomes they produce; transdisciplinarity cannot be viewed as the only way to solve general development issues, but must be carefully considered in order not to mask underlying issues of inequality and poor ethics; and the ring-fencing of funding for a specific purpose or TRC does not negate the need to scrutinize the activities that are undertaken in the name of the TRC.
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| 19. |
- Ljungberg, Daniel, 1980, et al.
(author)
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What characterizes firms' academic patents? Academic involvement in industrial invention in Sweden
- 2012
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In: Industry and Innovation. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1366-2716 .- 1469-8390. ; 19:7, s. 585-606
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper investigates the characteristics and impact of academic involvement in industrial invention processes, by comparing firms' academic patents and their non-academic patents. In contrast to previous research that studies university-owned patents, this paper analyzes firm-owned patents. These provide insight into the characteristics and relative importance of inventions resulting from university-industry collaboration. The empirical analysis in this paper is based on a database of Swedish academic patents. Our results indicate that academic involvement mainly takes place in inventions highly related to firms' technology base. The findings moreover show that firms' academic patents, as compared to their non-academic patents, have lower importance in firms' core technological fields but higher importance in marginal fields. The paper also provides an interpretation of these results, suggesting that firms involve academics for problem-solving activities in their core technological fields.
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| 20. |
- McKelvey, Tomas, 1966, et al.
(author)
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Creating innovative opportunities through research collaboration: An evolutionary framework and empirical illustration in engineering
- 2015
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In: Technovation. - : Elsevier BV. - 0166-4972. ; 39-40, s. 26-36
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper analyses the creation of innovative opportunities through research collaborations. It contributes by (i) providing an evolutionary conceptual framework for the formation and exploitation of innovative opportunities through research collaboration; and by (ii) providing an empirical illustration of this framework by applying it to a case study of firms׳ research collaboration taking place in university–industry research centers in engineering. The evolutionary framework developed specifically focuses on the generation of novelty and variety and on selection pressures as key for the creation of opportunities. It also emphasizes the differences between small and large firms when it comes to role of research collaboration for opportunity creation. Empirically, we illustrate that firms in general focus more on the generation of variety in the form of (fundamental) knowledge, than on research collaboration leading directly to the formation and exploitation of opportunities. For large firms, the focus is rather to transfer this created variety back to the firm, to use for inputs into the in-house creation of opportunities. In contrast, small firms focus instead on using research collaboration to generate and develop knowledge about customer needs in order to create market opportunities, especially through networking with large firms participating in the collaboration.
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| 21. |
- Czarniawska, Barbara, 1948
(author)
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Nowe techniki badan terenowych: shadowing.
- 2012
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In: I: Jemielniak, Dariusz (red.) Badania jakosciowe: Metody i narzedzia. - Warszawa : PWN. - 9788301169466 ; , s. 69-90
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 22. |
- Moore, Jason W., 1971-
(author)
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Introduction : The World-Historical Imagination
- 2011
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In: Journal of World-Systems Research. - Riverside, Calif. : Institute for Research on World-Systems. - 1076-156X. ; 17:1, s. 1-3
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Journal article (other academic/artistic)abstract
- This article is the editor's introduction to the special issue of the Journal of World-Systems Research, entitled The World-Historical Imagination: Giovanni Arrighi's The Long Twentieth Century in Prospect and Retrospect.
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| 23. |
- Berglund, Karin, et al.
(author)
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Women's entrepreneurship, neoliberalism and economic justice in the postfeminist era : a discourse analysis of policy change in Sweden
- 2018
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In: Gender, Work and Organization. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0968-6673 .- 1468-0432. ; 25:5, s. 531-556
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Since the early 1990s, there has been investment in women's entrepreneurship policy (WEP) in Sweden, which continued until 2015. During the same period, Sweden assumed neoliberal policies that profoundly changed the position of women within the world of work and business. The goals for WEP changed as a result, from entrepreneurship as a way to create a more equal society, to the goal of unleashing women's entrepreneurial potential so they can contribute to economic growth. To better understand this shift we approach WEP as a neoliberal governmentality which offers women 'entrepreneurial' or 'postfeminist' subject positions. The analysis is inspired by political theorist Nancy Fraser who theorized the change as the displacement of socioeconomic redistribution in favour of cultural recognition, or identity politics. We use Fraser's concepts in a discourse analysis of Swedish WEP over two decades, identifying two distinct discourses and three discursive displacements. Whilst WEP initially gave precedence to a radical feminist discourse that called for women's collective action, this was replaced by a postfeminist neoliberal discourse that encouraged individual women to assume an entrepreneurial persona, start their own business, compete in the marketplace and contribute to economic growth. The result was the continued subordination of women business owners, but it also obscured or rendered structural problems/solutions, and collective feminist action, irrelevant.
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
- Bagchi-Sen, Sharmistha, et al.
(author)
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Foreign Direct Investment in R&D and the Base of the Pyramid: Is a new space of innovation emerging in India?”
- 2015
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In: McKelvey, M. and Bagchi-Sen, S. (2015). Innovation Spaces in Asia: Entrepreneurs, Multinational Enterprises and Policy. - Cheltenham, U.K. : Edward Elgar Publishers. - 9781783475674 ; , s. 256-278
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This chapter addresses emerging innovation spaces, driven by new types of customer demand and markets, and specifically new forms of innovations for the poorer segments of the economy. The chapter focuses particularly upon India. Innovations for the poorer segments of the economy has gathered much attention, because a specific characteristic of emerging market economies is that a considerable share of consumers belongs to the bottom (or base) of the pyramid (BOP). Though the individual purchasing power is low, the size of the BOP market segment in sum is enormous taken in aggregate, which makes it an attractive market segment. While these are incentives to access this market segment, companies struggle to deal with the specific market conditions with their traditional business and R&D models. This chapters aims to give an overview on FDI in R&D in emerging markets with a special focus on India and empirical illustrations of innovation strategies and modes of interaction.
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