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1.	Carlsson, Torgny E., et al. (author) A model for calculation of the geometrical shape of the cutting tool - Work piece interface 2001 In: Cirp Annals-Manufacturing Technology. - 0007-8506. ; 50:1, s. 41-44 Journal article (peer-reviewed)
2.	Duffie, N., et al. (author) Development of a Menu-Driven Programmable System of Machinery Drives 1983 In: CIRP annals. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 32:1, s. 281-285 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract In many industrial applications of machinery drives, there is need for controlling two or more drive elements with various speed and or position relationships maintained between drives. Drive motors may incorporate a wide variety of feedback transducers and have command signals derived from programmable sources or other drives in the system. This paper describes the development of a generalized system which incorporates a variety of sensors and allows a machinery designer to establish master/slave relationships to suit requirements for particular applications. The software system supporting the configurable drive allows a particular system configuration to be determined through presentation of a menu to an operator who selects the number of drives, appropriate sensors and inter-drive relationships dictated by the machine specifications. Individual drives are configured by selecting either a speed or a position feedback sensor and the source of commands for that drive. Commands for a given drive can be determined as a ratio of either the command input or the measured output of another drive as well as an operator programmable drive profile. The paper presents a summary of the control philosophy, detailed algorithms for establishing a variety of drive configurations, and techniques used to achieve the various features of the configurable drive including velocity ratioing, position phase control, and program indexing of one drive relative to another. The software package developed includes a diagnostic system for identifying and observing dynamic performances
3.	Hoogstrate, A. M., et al. (author) REMOVED: Opportunities in abrasive water-jet machining 1997 In: CIRP annals. - : Elsevier USA. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 46:2, s. 697-714 Journal article (peer-reviewed)
4.	Kang, J. G., et al. (author) Parallel disassembly sequencing with sequence-dependent operation times 2001 In: Cirp Annals-Manufacturing Technology. - 0007-8506. ; 50:1, s. 343-346 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract This paper focuses on the disassembly sequencing, which is the problem of determining the disassembly level and the corresponding disassembly sequence for a product at its end-of-life with the objective of maximizing the overall profit. Parallel disassembly and sequence-dependent operation times are considered by developing an extended process graph obtained from a transformation of a conventional AND/OR graph. Then, an integer programming formulation is developed with precedence constraints that allows its resolution with standard techniques. Finally, an optimal solution is obtained, with a reasonable amount of computation time, for an industrial application of a subassembly of a copy machine.
5.	Kinnander, Anders, et al. (author) Competence requirements and their impact on manufacturing system performance 1998 In: CIRP annals. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 47:1, s. 385-388 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Research into `Next generation manufacturing systems' stresses the use of semi-automated systems to handle short product life cycles and customer oriented production. Despite increasing dependency on technology, the importance of humans is expected to increase and to provide a realistic basis for decision support, both technical and organizational processes must be included in simulation models. In a rapidly changing environment, skill development is also important and should be considered when developing simulation models. This paper describes two case studies where competence and skill development were modelled using learning curves to obtain a more representative simulation of system performance.
6.	Novak, A, et al. (author) On-Line prediction of the tool lLife 1996 In: CIRP Annals - manufacturing technology. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 45:1, s. 93-97 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The paper presents a new approach improving the reliability of on-line prediction of tool-life without the need of pre-process data. The ambition has been to develop a robust monitoring strategy feasible fGr practical implementation on a CNC lathe. The tool-life is related to a selected critical point on the tool wear curve. Applied multisensing is based on the cutting force ratio correlated with in-process measurement of the flank wear by a vision system. The acquired process data are evaluated and handled by means of the modified and combined statistical methods. Initial cut is used to monitor the process and to evaluate the model parameters when critical conditions are simultaneously supervised by an additional monitoring method, The process model development, reference value setting and tool-life prediction have been automated as machine tool control features. Traditional tool condition monitoring can be improved by the reduced need of pre-process reference or machinability data, no need of calibrating procedures and, by early prediction of the tool-life with uncertainty of about 15% after 1.5-2.0 minutes of cutting. The efficiency and flexibility of the developed method has been verified by several machinability tests performed under various machining conditions but for the same work material.
7.	Tseng, M. M., et al. (author) Design in the new e-commerce era 2003 In: Cirp Annals-Manufacturing Technology. - 0007-8506. ; 52:2, s. 509-519 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The computing and communication have become indispensable in every aspect of design and manufacturing. Its impacts on production engineering community have been significant and long lasting. In this paper, we reviewed new e-Commerce models that directly link among production capabilities and with end consumers. We then identified three major forces that will affect the design community, namely, speed of decision, expansion of scope and degree of concurrency. Understanding the implication of these forces would be conducive to leading structural changes in design. The transformations include expanding the scope of design, linking customers and suppliers proactively throughout the entire value chain, and collaborating across boundaries.
8.	Abele, Eberhard, et al. (author) Learning factories for future oriented research and education in manufacturing 2017 In: CIRP annals. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 66:2, s. 803-826 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Learning factories present a promising environment for education, training and research, especially in manufacturing related areas which are a main driver for wealth creation in any nation. While numerous learning factories have been built in industry and academia in the last decades, a comprehensive scientific overview of the topic is still missing. This paper intends to close this gap by establishing the state of the art of learning factories. The motivations, historic background, and the didactic foundations of learning factories are outlined. Definitions of the term learning factory and the corresponding morphological model are provided. An overview of existing learning factory approaches in industry and academia is provided, showing the broad range of different applications and varying contents. The state of the art of learning factories curricula design and their use to enhance learning and research as well as potentials and limitations are presented. Conclusions and an outlook on further research priorities are offered. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of CIRP.
9.	Akay, Haluk, et al. (author) Push-pull digital thread for digital transformation of manufacturing systems 2023 In: CIRP annals. - : Elsevier BV. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 72:1, s. 401-404 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Current digitalized manufacturing systems do not yet achieve the goal of smart manufacturing: precise con-trol and agility under unexpected disruptions. Push-Pull Digital Thread is a solution concept to enable contex-tual data and knowledge exchange across operational and functional units in a manufacturing enterprise. The extraction of decision reasoning and functional information can be facilitated by Large Language Models proc-essing information obtained from a decision maker at the point of decision. This concept shows a potential to address critical limitations in previous endeavours for smart manufacturing systems by building a semanti-cally searchable and sharable knowledge base in manufacturing systems and beyond.
10.	Altintas, Yusuf, et al. (author) Identification of dynamic cutting force coefficients and chatter stability with process damping 2008 In: CIRP annals. - : Elsevier. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 57:1, s. 371-374 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract This paper presents a cutting force model which has three dynamic cutting force coefficients related to regenerative chip thickness, velocity and acceleration terms, respectively. The dynamic cutting force coefficients are identified from controlled orthogonal cutting tests with a fast tool servo oscillated at the desired frequency to vary the phase between inner and outer modulations. It is shown that the process damping coefficient increases as the tool is worn, which increases the chatter stability limit in cutting. The chatter stability of the dynamic cutting process is solved using Nyquist law, and compared favourably against experimental results at low cutting speeds.
11.	Archenti, Andreas, 1973-, et al. (author) A top-down equivalent stiffness approach for prediction of deviation sources in machine tool joints 2017 In: CIRP annals. - : Elsevier. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The accuracy of machine tools is affected to a large extent by the behavior of the system's joints. In this paper the equivalent stiffness approach identifies and calculates the contribution of joint error sources to the total deviation measured between toolholder and workpiece under loaded conditions. The force–deviation functions are measured at different locations in the machine workspace. Joint deviations are then computed and compared with results obtained from measurements. The results show the effectiveness of the proposed method in determining joint errors in machines.
12.	Archenti, Andreas, 1973-, et al. (author) Accuracy analysis of machine tools using Elastically Linked Systems 2013 In: CIRP annals. - : Elsevier. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 62:1, s. 503-506 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The paper introduces the concept of Elastically Linked Systems (ELS) to directly relate the machine tool positional and static accuracy to the machined part’s geometric errors and form deviation. Practical implementation of the ELS concept resulted in a novel test equipment, Loaded Double Ball Bar (LDBB) which is a precision mechatronic device with variable load. The test method based on the device is able to reveal machine tool characteristics not obtainable with existing methods as for instance the variation of stiffness in the entire working space. The LDBB is used to experimentally evaluate the stiffness and the corresponding accuracy of five machine tools.
13.	Archenti, Andreas, 1973- (author) Prediction of machined part accuracy from machining system capability 2014 In: CIRP annals. - : Elsevier. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 63:1, s. 505-508 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract A novel methodology for linking machining system capability to the accuracy of a machined part is presented. Using special testing equipment, force-deviation functions in the real machine workspace are obtained. An elastically linked multi-body simulation and FE model evaluates the volumetric deviations. The deviation values are then calculated for a particular tool path. The forces and the deviations along the tool path are computed and compared with results obtained from machining experiments. This approach yields elimination of laborious machining experiments and supports an unequivocal control of machining system conditions giving the required level of part accuracy.
14.	Badger, J., et al. (author) On mechanics and monitoring of plunge-roll rotary dressing of grinding wheels 2023 In: CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology. - 1726-0604 .- 0007-8506. ; 72:1, s. 277-280 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract A study is made into the mechanics and monitoring of rotary plunge-roll dressing of grinding wheels using a roll with multi-layer diamonds contained in a hybrid, metal-ceramic bond. A fundamental relationship is obtained between grinding/dressing specific energy and the dressing aggressiveness number Aggrd, revealing a distinct size effect. Results also indicate (i) a nearly linear relationship between grinding and dressing specific energy, and (ii) direct proportionality between dressing specific energy and the acoustic emission (AE) signal. SEM observations indicate that smaller Aggrd produces a grit-dulling phenomenon different from grinding-induced dulling of the grits by attrition, which causes rapid workpiece-material adhesion.
15.	Berglund, Johan C, 1978, et al. (author) Milled die steel surface roughness correlation with steel sheet friction 2010 In: CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology. - Bern : Elsevier BV. - 1726-0604 .- 0007-8506. ; 59:1, s. 577-580 Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract This work investigates correlations between the surface topography of milled steel dies and friction with steel sheet. Several die surfaces were prepared by milling. Friction was measured in bending under tension testing. Linear regression coefficients (R^2) between the friction and texture characterization parameters were tested. None of the height, spacing, material volume, void or segmentation parameters showed good correlations. Developed area, rms surface gradient, relative area and complexity showed strong correlations (R^2 > 0.7). For area-scale fractal complexity the correlation increases markedly at scales below 200 μm^2, with a maximum R^2 of 0.9 at 50 μm^2.
16.	Bergs, T., et al. (author) Digital twins for cutting processes 2023 In: CIRP Annals. - 0007-8506. ; 72:2, s. 541-567 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Collecting and utilizing data in industrial production are becoming increasingly important. One promising approach to utilize data is the concept of digital twin (DT). DTs are virtual representations of physical assets, updated by real data and enhanced by models. This paper provides an overview of DTs for cutting processes. After giving a definition, we discuss requirements derived from representative use cases. As process models are central for DT creation, we present an overview of the latest research as well as conditions for how it can be implemented in industrial environments. The paper concludes with main challenges for future research.
17.	Biermann, D., et al. (author) Modelling and simulation of thermal effects in internal traverse grinding of hardened bearing steel 2016 In: CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0007-8506. ; 65:1, s. 321-324 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Internal traverse grinding with electro-plated cBN wheels combines the advantages of both internal hard turning and internal grinding, enabling a high material removal rate along with a high surface quality. The drawback, however, is a high thermal load on the workpiece, resulting in shape and dimension errors of the finished part. This paper deals with the compensation of these manufacturing errors with a hybrid simulation system. It combines thermo-mechanically coupled finite element models on both meso- and macro-scale with a scale-bridging kinematic simulation system, enabling the prediction of the resulting temperatures and the development of corresponding simulation-based compensation strategies.
18.	Brissaud, Daniel, et al. (author) Designing value-driven solutions: The evolution of industrial product- service systems 2022 In: CIRP annals. - : ELSEVIER. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 71:2, s. 553-575 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Industrial Product-Service Systems (IPS2) have been increasingly researched and practiced in a variety of fields and sectors. Nevertheless, such solutions are not as significantly implemented as expected by the CIRP keynote in 2010: it is not a dominant business of manufacturing companies today despite their economic and environmental advantages. One reason for this delay is assumed to be that the initial efforts were mainly on business and service when design was an afterthought. The promising digital technologies that have become easily implementable in practice will in the next years facilitate design and implementation of IPS(2 )smartly to satisfy users and contribute to sustainability. This keynote analyses literature and practice in the last decade, aiming to propose the main characteristics of IPS2 of the future and design processes adequate for IPS2. The design process of both production systems for sustainability and high-value systems for sustainable development goals may need to be supported differently than today. The list of recommendations for future research on IPS2 design is provided at the end of the paper. (C) 2022 CIRP. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
19.	Brown, Christopher A., et al. (author) Multiscale analyses and characterizations of surface topographies 2018 In: CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1726-0604 .- 0007-8506. ; 67:2, s. 839-862 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract This work studies multiscale analyses and characterizations of surface topographies from the engineering and scientific literature with an emphasis on production engineering research and design. It highlights methods that provide strong correlations between topographies and performance or topographies and processes, and methods that can confidently discriminate topographies that were processed or that perform differently. These methods have commonalities in geometric characterizations at certain scales, which are observable with statistics and measurements. It also develops a semantic and theoretical framework and proposes a new system for organizing and designating multiscale analyses. Finally, future possibilities for multiscale analyses are discussed.
20.	Bushlya, Volodymyr, et al. (author) Effect of ageing on machining performance of grey cast iron and its compensation by cutting speed management 2024 In: CIRP Annals. - 0007-8506. Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Grey cast iron is known for its poor machinability directly after casting, but attains excellent machining performance after ageing. The present work explores the impact of cutting speed on the performance of pcBN machining for non-aged material. Findings suggest that tool wear can be minimized by identifying an optimal cutting speed that supports the formation of a stable Al2O3 and MnS build-up layer (BUL). Insufficient BUL protection accelerates pcBN wear by diffusion, while at very high speeds protective Al2O3 is replaced by weaker (Fe,Mn)2SiO4 and (Fe,Mn)O, and oxidation accelerates tool wear. The higher mechanical properties of aged GCI facilitate generation of high enough temperatures for stable deposition of Al2O3 BUL.
21.	Bushlya, Volodymyr, et al. (author) Influence of oxygen on the tool wear in machining 2018 In: CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 0007-8506. ; 67:1, s. 79-82 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract High temperatures generated in machining are known to facilitate oxidation wear. A controlled atmosphere chamber was developed to investigate the effects of oxygen on tool wear and high speed machining tests were conducted on air and in argon. Cemented carbide, cermet and cubic boron nitride tooling was used on alloyed steel, hardened tool steel and superalloy Alloy 718. Machining in argon resulted in higher flank wear, higher cutting forces, and larger tool–chip contact length on the rake face. However, in hard machining, argon atmosphere reduced rake cratering. Transmission electron microscopy of tools worn on air showed formation of nanocrystalline Al2O3 film on the rake when machining aluminium containing Alloy 718, while no oxide films was detectable in the other cases.
22.	Bushlya, Volodymyr, et al. (author) Tool wear mechanisms of PcBN in machining Inconel 718: Analysis across multiple length scale 2021 In: CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1726-0604 .- 0007-8506. ; 70:1, s. 73-78 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Recently, PcBN tooling have been successfully introduced in machining Ni-based superalloys, yet our knowledge of involved wear mechanisms remains limited. In this study, an in-depth investigation of PcBN tool degradation and related wear mechanisms when machining Inconel 718 was performed. Diffusional dissolution of cBN is an active wear mechanism. At high cutting speed oxidation of cBN becomes equally important. Apart from degradation, tool protection phenomena were also discovered. Oxidation of Inconel 718 resulted in formation of γ-Al2O3 and (Al,Cr,Ti)3O4 spinel that were deposited on the tool rake. Also on the rake, formation of (Ti,Nb,Cr)N takes place due to cBN-workpiece interaction. This creates a sandwich tool protection layer forming continuously as tool wear progresses. Such in operando protection enabled counterbalancing tool wear mechanisms and achieved high performance of PcBN in machining.
23.	Chen, Danfang, 1981-, et al. (author) A holistic and rapid sustainability assessment tool for manufacturing SMEs 2014 In: CIRP annals. - : Elsevier. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 63:1, s. 437-440 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Sustainable development is a broad term and is complex in nature because it has three dimensions. While continuous management is necessary, especially for SMEs, there is a lack of easily applicable tools that assess the status of sustainability based on key performance indicators and that derive priorities for systematic improvement. Based on this information, this paper presents a holistic sustainability assessment tool for manufacturing SMEs. The tool is applicable on a factory level with reasonable effort, provides decision support for improvements and enables a cross-industry comparison. A case study at a Swedish company has been performed to verify the usability.
24.	Chen, Danfang, 1981-, et al. (author) Integrating sustainability within the factory planning process 2012 In: CIRP annals. - : Elsevier BV. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 61:1, s. 463-466 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Research activities on sustainability in manufacturing often emphasize environmental and economic issues in specific processes. This research attempts to describe and integrate sustainability with its economic, environmental and social dimensions into the well formulated process of factory planning. A model is developed to describe relations between factory buildings, manufacturing equipment, sustainability aspects and the process of factory planning. The model provides guidance for the decision-making during the planning and design stage. By revealing different kinds of interconnections, the understanding of the complexity within factories is improved. A case study is performed on a container-sized factory to verify the model usability.
25.	Dadbakhsh, Sasan, et al. (author) Influence of SLM on shape memory and compression behaviour of NiTi scaffolds 2015 In: CIRP annals. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 64:1, s. 209-212 Journal article (peer-reviewed)
26.	Dadbakhsh, Sasan, et al. (author) Process and geometrical integrity optimization of electron beam melting for copper 2022 In: CIRP annals. - : Elsevier BV. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 71, s. 201-204 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract This work systematically analyzes and optimizes the process of electron beam melting for pure copper. It is shown that, for reliable manufacturing, the preheating temperature should be optimized to avoid porosity as well as part deformation. The electron beam should be fully focused to prevent shrinkage voids (correlated to negative defocusing) and material spattering (linked to positive defocusing). Smoother surfaces from lower hatch spacing (e.g., 100µm) can improve the density reliability, while longer overhangs are reached by a higher hatch spacing. A suitable starting contour strategy is also applied to mitigate border porosities, reduce side roughness and increase geometric precision.
27.	Daemi, Bita, et al. (author) High precision 3D evaluation method for Vickers hardness measurement 2020 In: CIRP annals. - : Elsevier BV. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Hardness measurement is a vital step for quality assurance in manufacturing of a wide range of products. Today, the standard hardness measurement tests, such as Vickers, are based on microscope image-based evaluation methods. Since these methods are limited to the geometry of the indentation in 2D images, their precision are highly dependent on the samples’ surface finish. A novel method based on 3D surface topography of the indentation is introduced for more robust Vickers hardness measurement. The 3D evaluation method with information in Z direction offers a high level of precision in hardness measurement on surfaces with different surface qualities.
28.	Drazumeric, R., et al. (author) Mechanics of self-rotating double-disc grinding process 2022 In: CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1726-0604 .- 0007-8506. ; 71:1, s. 309-312 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Unlike most double-disc grinding processes, which use forced workpiece rotation, some double-disc processes rely on workpiece self-rotation driven by non-uniform shear forces resulting from partial wheel-workpiece coverage. This self-rotation is poorly understood, with workpiece angular frequency remaining unknown despite its importance. This paper investigates the kinematics of self-rotation via analytical modelling of the moment-equilibrium conditions, derived from experimentally determined specific-energy values. The model showed that workpiece coverage ratio is the dominant factor governing workpiece angular frequency, allowing for the choice of optimal workpiece coverage ratios that avoid (i) workpiece-stoppage and (ii) excessive frictional heat generation. The predicted velocity was validated with acoustic-emission measurements.
29.	Faue, Patrick, et al. (author) High-speed X-ray study of process dynamics caused by surface features during continuous-wave laser polishing 2023 In: CIRP annals. - : Elsevier. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 72:1, s. 201-204 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract During high-speed X-ray imaging of laser surface polishing experiments of specimens of 316L stainless steel at Argonne National Lab's Advanced Photon Source, it was discovered that the induced keyhole changes shape and dimensions while crossing an engineered surface feature without altering process parameters. It was observed that the post-surface feature keyhole was deeper than that of the pre surface feature keyhole. This work reports on the first in-situ observation of the effect of localized surface geometry on underlying melt pool behavior. This has implications for defect formation mechanisms during laser melting processes that rely on melt pool geometry.
30.	Franke, Jorg, et al. (author) Electronic module assembly 2021 In: CIRP annals. - : Elsevier BV. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 70:2, s. 471-493 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Electronics is the vital basis for innovations and the essential enabler for global trends like connectivity, electro mobility and renewable energies. These applications require high performance and reliability of the electronic modules. Their assembly combines very heterogeneous process chains like remarkable productive and diminutive surface mount technology (SMT), powerful and robust power electronic interconnection techniques, as well as pioneering reel-to-reel based organic electronic printing. After briefly outlining the enormous global economic impact of electronic modules, this paper presents the state of the art of electronic module assembly including substrate materials, electronic components, packaging and assembly processes as well as quality and reliability testing methods.
31.	Gao, R., et al. (author) Cloud-enabled prognosis for manufacturing 2015 In: CIRP annals. - : Elsevier BV. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 64:2, s. 749-772 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Advanced manufacturing depends on the timely acquisition, distribution, and utilization of information from machines and processes across spatial boundaries. These activities can improve accuracy and reliability in predicting resource needs and allocation, maintenance scheduling, and remaining service life of equipment. As an emerging infrastructure, cloud computing provides new opportunities to achieve the goals of advanced manufacturing. This paper reviews the historical development of prognosis theories and techniques and projects their future growth enabled by the emerging cloud infrastructure. Techniques for cloud computing are highlighted, as well as the influence of these techniques on the paradigm of cloud-enabled prognosis for manufacturing. Finally, this paper discusses the envisioned architecture and associated challenges of cloud-enabled prognosis for manufacturing.
32.	Gao, Robert X., et al. (author) Big data analytics for smart factories of the future 2020 In: CIRP annals. - : ELSEVIER. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 69:2, s. 668-692 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Continued advancement of sensors has led to an ever-increasing amount of data of various physical nature to be acquired from production lines. As rich information relevant to the machines and processes are embedded within these "big data", how to effectively and efficiently discover patterns in the big data to enhance productivity and economy has become both a challenge and an opportunity. This paper discusses essential elements of and promising solutions enabled by data science that are critical to processing data of high volume, velocity, variety, and low veracity, towards the creation of added-value in smart factories of the future.
33.	Hashimoto, F., et al. (author) Abrasive fine-finishing technology 2016 In: CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1726-0604 .- 0007-8506. ; 65:2, s. 597-620 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Abrasive fine-finishing technology is often applied as a final finishing process, and the selection of the right technology is crucial to obtaining the desired performance of functions such as fatigue life. This paper begins with classifications of the technology along with fundamentals and brief histories of the individual methods. The material removal mechanisms, specific energies, and finishing characteristics of the various technologies are summarized giving assessments of the surfaces created by them. Guidelines developed for selecting the appropriate methods, and case studies illustrate the effectiveness of various methods. This paper ends with a discussion of the future prospects of the technology. (C) 2016
34.	Hedlind, Mikael, et al. (author) Design specifications with engineering terminology in a geometric context for CADCAM 2015 In: CIRP annals. - : Elsevier BV. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 64:1, s. 169-172 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Industry needs integration of product specific terminology and product generic data schemas for man-model interaction and data exchange in next generation of CADCAM systems to improve product realization. The use of engineering terminology in a geometric context to represent design parameters as functional features, kinematic requirements, and GD&T, is presented. This will give new possibilities for increased productivity in design and manufacturing. The main principle of relating data to its valid context is applied to reduce information fragmentation causing data duplication and comprehensive data management and maintenance. The solution is illustrated for modelling truck chassis and cutting tools.
35.	Hedlind, Mikael, et al. (author) Kinematical product specifications in engineering design 2014 In: CIRP annals. - : Elsevier BV. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 63:1, s. 197-200 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The basics of kinematic modelling in CAD applications are to define motion constraints for components relative to other components for the purpose of motion studies. The main concepts are links and joints with information about degree of freedom, actuation and motion range which combined build the topology and geometry to characterise a mechanism. For translating design intent into motion requirements more accurate modelling of the mechanism is needed, including tolerances on error motion in addition to tolerances on functional surfaces. This paper identifies existing limitations and new possibilities for model based kinematical product specification and verification.
36.	Hoier, Philipp, 1988, et al. (author) An investigation into the grindability of additively manufactured 42CrMo4 steel 2024 In: CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology. - 1726-0604 .- 0007-8506. ; 73:1, s. 257-260 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract This study investigates post-processing of additively manufactured (AM) low-alloy 42CrMo4 steel (AISI 4140) produced by powder bed fusion – laser beam (PBF-LB). While the PBF-LB process produces tempered martensite by in-situ heat-treatment, resulting in superior mechanical properties, finishing by grinding remains critical for use in precision components such as automotive gears. The grindability of the AM material is compared to conventionally produced steel and reveals comparable results to most of the grindability criteria tested. However, higher wheel wear is observed when grinding the AM material. This is likely due to the lack of machinability-enhancing inclusion treatment common in conventional steelmaking.
37.	Jianjing, Zhang, et al. (author) Recurrent neural network for motion trajectory prediction in human- robot collaborative assembly 2020 In: CIRP annals. - : Elsevier BV. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 69:1, s. 9-12 Journal article (peer-reviewed)
38.	Kjellberg, Torsten, et al. (author) The machine tool model-A core part of the digital factory 2009 In: CIRP annals. - : Elsevier BV. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 58:1, s. 425-428 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Machine tool models - the core parts of manufacturing systems - are important for many purposes during development of new or existing systems, from investment, through process planning, NC, layout design, usage, to end of life. Today a lot of important machine tool information is not managed and stored for easy reuse. A machine tool modelling approach is presented and structured in line with principles for generic standards utilizing a manufacturing system ontology for modelling machine tool concepts. It forms a contribution to management of information and knowledge in manufacturing.
39.	Krajnik, Peter, 1977, et al. (author) Advances in modeling of fixed-abrasive processes 2024 In: CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology. - 1726-0604 .- 0007-8506. ; In Press Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Research over the last 70 years has led to a better understanding of fixed-abrasive machining processes. This knowledge is often expressed in the form of physical and empirical models that cover forces, power, specific energy, wheel/workpiece topography, wear, thermal aspects, cooling, dressing, and more. This paper first examines the established models that continue to constitute the fundamental knowledge base in fixed-abrasive technology. Special attention is given to geometry, kinematics, and thermomechanical modeling. Recent advances in process monitoring and big data analytics provide new opportunities to further strengthen the state of the art in modeling through data-driven approaches. In addition, examples on how models – implemented in simulation software – can be used to predict and optimize industrial operations have been demonstrated. This is illustrated by several use cases from real production, including bearing, creep-feed form, gear, camshaft, crankshaft, and centerless grinding, along with diamond-wheel truing.
40.	Krajnik, Peter, 1977, et al. (author) Grinding and fine finishing of future automotive powertrain components 2021 In: CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1726-0604 .- 0007-8506. ; 70:2, s. 589-610 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The automotive industry is undergoing a major transformation driven by regulations and a fast-paced electrification. A critical analysis of technological trends and associated requirements for major automotive powertrain components is carried out in close collaboration with industry – covering the perspectives of OEMs, suppliers, and machine builders. The main focus is to review the state of the art with regard to grinding, dressing, texturing and fine-finishing technologies. A survey of research papers and patents is accompanied by case studies that provide further insights into the production value chain. Finally, key industrial and research challenges are summarized.
41.	Krueger, J., et al. (author) Innovative control of assembly systems and lines 2017 In: CIRP annals. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 66:2, s. 707-730 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract The increasing demand for flexibility and reconfigurability of assembly lines generates new challenges for the control of these lines and their subsystems, such as robots, grippers, conveyors or automated guided vehicles. Also new requirements for their interaction between each other and the environment as well as with humans arise. On the other hand the rapid change of information and communication technology opens new potentials for innovative control. Due to the high degree of interconnection between controllers, actuators and sensors, the classical automation pyramid is replaced by networked structures with a higher degree of flexibility, but also higher complexity. This trend is supported by the ability to collect and process data within cloud environments, the rapid increase of computational power of decentralized and embedded controllers and the high potential of machine learning for automation. This keynote gives an overview of innovative approaches in ICT and robotics for flexible control and automation of assembly lines and systems.
42.	Lanza, Gisela, et al. (author) Global production networks : Design and operation 2019 In: CIRP annals. - : ELSEVIER. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 68:2, s. 823-841 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Industrial companies are nowadays acting in global production networks (GPNs). A comprehensive scientific overview of those networks is still missing. To close this gap, a framework for designing and operating GPNs is introduced. It structures influencing factors, challenges, enablers and outlines the need for decision support systems. The state of the art in designing and operating GPNs is reviewed. Three trends are identified that help to transform historical grown networks into changeable GPNs with a focused network footprint. In conclusion, a need for future research in forming the production strategy, designing the network footprint and managing the network is given. Elsevier Ltd on behalf of CIRP.
43.	Le Duigou, J., et al. (author) Optimization and lifecycle engineering for design and manufacture of recycled aluminium parts 2016 In: CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1726-0604 .- 0007-8506. ; 65:1, s. 149-152 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Aluminium alloys components are numerous in aeronautic and automobile structures. Despite having interesting mechanical properties for lightweight solutions, the extraction of virgin aluminium still has negative impacts on the environment. A solution is to use an increased rate of recycled aluminium in structural parts. This requires a global optimization of the part design and manufacture. The proposed work details the advanced optimization techniques used for product and process design integrating environmental concerns. The methodology is implemented and tested on an industrial case that results in a recycling rate of 75% in high-end structural component based on wrought aluminium alloys. (C) 2016 CIRP.
44.	Liu, Sichao, et al. (author) Digital twin-enabled advance execution for human-robot collaborative assembly 2022 In: CIRP annals. - : Elsevier BV. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 71:1, s. 25-28 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract A reliable human-robot workcell relies on accurate and nearly real-time updated models, especially in a constrained yet dynamic environment. This paper investigates digital twin-driven human-robot collaborative assembly enabled by function blocks. Leveraging sensor data, digital models are developed to precisely mimic physical human-robot collaborative settings supported by a digital-twin architecture. An advance-execution twin system based on the current status through real-time condition monitoring performs assembly planning and adaptive robot control using a network of function blocks. An augmented reality-based interaction method using HoloLens further facilitates human-centric assembly. An engine-assembly case study is performed to validate the effectiveness of the system.
45.	Macerol, Nastja, 1988, et al. (author) A lapping-based test method to investigate wear behaviour of bonded-abrasive tools 2022 In: CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1726-0604 .- 0007-8506. ; 71:1, s. 305-308 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Grinding-wheel wear is a critical factor affecting grinding performance and tool cost. Unfortunately, wear tests – particularly with superabrasives – can be notoriously time-consuming. Therefore, a novel lapping-based method is proposed for investigating wear behaviour of the grit-bond system. Wear tests were performed in (i) lapping, (ii) surface grinding, and (iii) cylindrical grinding for a range of grit-shape aspect ratios and grit-toughness values for the same grit-bond systems. Results showed that all three methods yielded similar trends. This indicates that the lapping tests could be a viable substitute for lengthy grinding tests, resulting in shorter testing times and smaller specimen sizes.
46.	Malakizadi, Amir, 1983, et al. (author) Physics-based approach for predicting dissolution‒diffusion tool wear in machining 2020 In: CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1726-0604 .- 0007-8506. ; 69:1, s. 81-84 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract A new approach is proposed to predict the thermally-activated dissolution-diffusion wear of carbide tools. Departing from the iterative procedure used for such nonlinear processes, a direct response surface approach that correlates the cutting conditions and wear level to the interface temperature is presented. For prediction of wear evolution, a calibrated thermodynamic model that describes chemical interaction between the tool and workpiece materials is combined with the FE simulation of machining process, considering the pressure-dependent thermal constriction resistance phenomenon. The accuracy of predicting flank wear in turning C50 plain carbon steel ‒ where dissolution-diffusion wear mechanism prevails ‒ is validated experimentally.
47.	Mann, James B., et al. (author) Large-scale metal strip for power storage and energy conversion applications by machining-based deformation processing 2023 In: CIRP Annals. - 0007-8506. ; 72:1, s. 45-48 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Machining-based deformation processing is used to produce metal foil and flat wire (strip) with suitable properties and quality for electrical power and renewable energy applications. In contrast to conventional multistage rolling, the strip is produced in a single-step and with much less process energy. Examples are presented from metal systems of varied workability, and strip product scale in terms of size and production rate. By utilizing the large-strain deformation intrinsic to cutting, bulk strip with ultrafine-grained microstructure, and crystallographic shear-texture favourable for formability, are achieved. Implications for production of commercial strip for electric motor applications and battery electrodes are discussed.
48.	Mohammed, Abdullah, et al. (author) Brainwaves driven human-robot collaborative assembly 2018 In: CIRP annals. - : Elsevier. - 0007-8506 .- 1726-0604. ; 67:1, s. 13-16 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract This paper introduces an approach to controlling an industrial robot using human brainwaves as a means of communication. The developed approach starts by establishing a set of training sessions where an operator is enquired to think about a set of defined commands for the robot and record the brain activities accordingly. The results of the training sessions are then used on the shop floor to translate the brain activities to a set of robot control commands. An industrial case study is carried out to assist the operator in coordinating a collaborative assembly task of a car engine manifold.
49.	Morse, Edward, et al. (author) Tolerancing: Managing uncertainty from conceptual design to final product 2018 In: CIRP Annals - Manufacturing Technology. - : Elsevier BV. - 1726-0604 .- 0007-8506. ; 67:2, s. 695-717 Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract Variability is unavoidable in the realization of products. While design must specify ideal geometry, it shall also describe limits of variability (tolerances) that must be met in order to maintain proper product function. Although tolerancing is a mature field, new manufacturing processes and design methodologies are creating new avenues of research, and modelling standards must also evolve to support these processes. In addition, the study of uncertainty has produced widely-accepted methods of quantifying variability, and modern tolerancing tools should support these methods. The challenges introduced by new processes and design methodologies continue to make tolerancing research a fertile and productive area.
50.	Novak, Arne, et al. (author) Reliability improvement of tool-wear monitoring 1993 In: C I R P Annals. - 0007-8506. ; 42:1, s. 63-66 Journal article (peer-reviewed)

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