| 1. |
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| 2. |
- Alderborn, G
(author)
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Tablets and compaction
- 2007
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In: Aulton´s Pharmaceutics - The design and manufacture of medicines. 3rd ed.. - : Churchill Livingstone, Edinburgh.
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 3. |
- Andersson, Gerhard, et al.
(author)
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Internet-Assisted Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
- 2017
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In: Psychiatric Clinics of North America. - : Elsevier BV. - 0193-953X .- 1558-3147. ; 40:4, s. 689-700
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The Internet, including modern information technology, has had a dramatic impact on many areas of life, including health care and psychological treatment. In particular, cognitive–behavioral therapy (CBT) has been found to be a form of psychological treatment that has been possible to transfer to other modes of delivery than regular face-to-face and group formats. The Internet is not only useful for providing CBT, but has a significant role in providing information about CBT and conditions that are treated using CBT. In addition, modern information technology also has a major role in assessment procedures, such as online administration of self-report mea- sures. In this article, we focus mainly on Internet-supported treatments, although another emerging format is to use video conferencing systems and conduct real- time face-to-face CBT, CBT training, or supervision.
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| 4. |
- Andersson, Greger, 1958-
(author)
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Postclassical narratology vs. poetics : David Herman's "hypothetical focalization" as a test case
- 2013
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In: Semiosphere of narratology. - Balashov : Nikolayev. - 9785940355113 ; , s. 7-24
-
Book chapter (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In this article I discuss David Herman’s thesis about «hypothetical focalization» (HF), as it is presented in Story Logic: Problems and Possibilities of Narrative [1], in relation to different theories about reader interpretations (taken in a very basic sense) of narrative fiction. I will simplify the theoretical options to two approaches: the first is based on the assumption that fictional narrative is a secondary variant of factual narrative with the simple modifier “as if”. Accordingly, it is assumed that a fictional narrator informs a narratee about persons and events in a fictional world using linguistic means that work according to common grammatical rules. The alternative, advocated by theoreticians such as Käte Hamburger [2], Lars-Åke Skalin [3; 4] and Richard Walsh [5][1], is a “separatist” approach, which assumes that fiction is a particular “context” or “language-game”. According to this paradigm an author (or narrator) does not inform about objects but rather stipulates motifs that will have an aesthetic impact on readers. Such an approach can be described as pragmatic and it must, when used analytically, go from effects to poetics (in the sense of theory) since it cannot be assumed that certain forms have the same function or generate the same effects in different contexts.An important argument for the latter opinion is that the former theoretical variant will, if applied to literary texts, generate “disquieting” interpretations that do not fit in well with the intuition of readers[2]. This implies, according to the critics, that readers interpret fictional narratives from the perspective of another poetics — in the sense of an internalized rule-system[3] — than the one assumed by the theoreticians advocating the former model. The putative counter-argument that theoreticians like Gérard Genette in his analysis of Marcel Proust [7] have come up with what are taken to be good readings is met by the answer that these theoreticians did not read the literature in accordance with their own “method” [8]. [1]I do not associate what is called unnatural narratology with this theoretical approach since their very use of the concept “unnatural” implies that they assume the traditional approach [cf. 6]. [2] “Disquieting interpretations” is used to denote interpretations that seem to be at odds with basic intuitions concerning the language game and sense of certain texts.[3] When speaking about reading in this article, I do not refer to a professional reader but to the ability to read as a reader equipped with poetics — that is, a more or less conciously internalized theory of how to make sense of narrative fiction. I thus use the terms poetics to denote this “internalized theory,” or understanding of the rules and constraints of narrative fiction.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Bengtsson, Calle, 1934, et al.
(author)
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Is the use of cholesterol in mortality risk algorithms in clinical guidelines valid? Ten years prospective data from the Norwegian HUNT 2 study
- 2012
-
In: Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice. - : Wiley. - 1356-1294. ; 18:1, s. 159-168
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Rationale, aims and objectives Many clinical guidelines for cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevention contain risk estimation charts/calculators. These have shown a tendency to overestimate risk, which indicates that there might be theoretical flaws in the algorithms. Total cholesterol is a frequently used variable in the risk estimates. Some studies indicate that the predictive properties of cholesterol might not be as straightforward as widely assumed. Our aim was to document the strength and validity of total cholesterol as a risk factor for mortality in a well-defined, general Norwegian population without known CVD at baseline. Methods We assessed the association of total serum cholesterol with total mortality, as well as mortality from CVD and ischaemic heart disease (IHD), using Cox proportional hazard models. The study population comprises 52 087 Norwegians, aged 20–74, who participated in the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study (HUNT 2, 1995–1997) and were followed-up on cause-specific mortality for 10 years (510 297 person-years in total). Results Among women, cholesterol had an inverse association with all-cause mortality [hazard ratio (HR): 0.94; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.89–0.99 per 1.0 mmol L−1 increase] as well as CVD mortality (HR: 0.97; 95% CI: 0.88–1.07). The association with IHD mortality (HR: 1.07; 95% CI: 0.92–1.24) was not linear but seemed to follow a ‘U-shaped’ curve, with the highest mortality <5.0 and ≥7.0 mmol L−1. Among men, the association of cholesterol with mortality from CVD (HR: 1.06; 95% CI: 0.98–1.15) and in total (HR: 0.98; 95% CI: 0.93–1.03) followed a ‘U-shaped’ pattern. Conclusion Our study provides an updated epidemiological indication of possible errors in the CVD risk algorithms of many clinical guidelines. If our findings are generalizable, clinical and public health recommendations regarding the ‘dangers’ of cholesterol should be revised. This is especially true for women, for whom moderately elevated cholesterol (by current standards) may prove to be not only harmless but even beneficial.
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| 9. |
- Bernstad, Anna, et al.
(author)
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The City of Malmo as a Case Study
- 2013
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In: Modern Solid Waste Management in Practice: the City of Malmo Experience. - London : Springer London. - 2191-530X. ; , s. 13-16
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Book chapter (peer-reviewed)
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| 10. |
- Blom, Kerstin
(author)
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Guided internet-based treatment for insomnia and depression
- 2016
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Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Background. Insomnia and depression are two of the most prevalent and costly disorders, and comorbidity between the two is common. Treatment of insomnia, other than pharmacological, is often overlooked in spite of the existence of effective psychological treatments. When insomnia is comorbid with depression, treatment of depression is usually prioritized, but not quite sufficient. The insomnia treatment with the strongest evidence is Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for insomnia (CBT-i). Due to a lack of trained CBT-i-therapists, therapist-guided Internet-based CBT-i (ICBT-i) has emerged as an alternative to face-to-face treatments. Aims. To challenge the treatment paradigm for comorbid insomnia and depression by comparing ICBT-i to ICBT-d (Internet-based CBT for depression) (Study I). To strengthen the evidence for ICBT-i by comparing ICBT-i to face-to-face treatment (Study II) and by doing a 3-year follow-up of a previous trial (Study III). To investigate qualitative aspects of Study I (Study IV). Studies. Four studies were done: Study I, a randomized controlled trial (RCT, n=43) comparing ICBT-i to ICBT-d in a sample with comorbid insomnia and depression. Study II, a non-inferiority RCT (n=48) comparing ICBT-i to group-delivered CBT-i in a sample with insomnia and various comorbidities, including mild to moderate depression. Study III, a 3-year follow-up of an RCT (n=148) comparing ICBT-i to an active control treatment. Study IV, a qualitative study investigating facilitating and hindering factors in participants’ work with the treatments in Study I. Results. Study I: ICBT-i turned out to be overall more beneficial than ICBT-d for patients with both insomnia and depression regarding e.g. effects on insomnia severity (effects on depression were similar) and reduction of sleep medication use. Study II: ICBT-i turned out to be highly effective and non-inferior to group-delivered CBT-i regarding insomnia severity, both directly after treatment and after six months. Study III: The 3-year follow-up of ICBT-i showed that the large effect on insomnia severity observed directly after treatment was maintained over time, and led to reduced consumption of sleep medication and other insomnia treatments compared to participants in the active control group. Both studies II and III showed that ICBT-i also reduced depressive symptom severity significantly. Study IV: The qualitative analyses showed that ICBT-i was easier to work with, and more positively regarded than ICBT- d, according to the participants. Multiple comorbidities were more hindering in ICBT-d than in ICBT-i. Conclusions. ICBT-i is effective in reducing insomnia severity, also in patients with comorbid disorders, and that the effects are maintained over time. ICBT-i can lead to reduced sleep medication use and decreased depressive symptoms. The findings for comorbid insomnia and depression indicate that insomnia needs to be prioritized for evidence-based treatment, also when it is comorbid with depression.
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| 11. |
- Blomkvist, Pär, 1961-
(author)
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Transferring Technology - Shaping Ideology : American Traffic Engineering, Experts and Commercial Interests in Establishment of a Swedish, and European, Car Society in the Post War Period
- 2004
-
In: Comparative Technology Transfer and Society. - : Project Muse. - 1542-0132 .- 1543-3404. ; 2:3, s. 273-302
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- The objective of this article is to discuss the actors involved, and the arguments used, in the process leading to the implementation of The Road Plan for Sweden. The Road Plan, a 20-year program to improve and modernize Sweden, aimed to rebuild and adapt the country's network of roads to suit the needs of mass motorization. It marked a breakthrough as a new kind of far-reaching societal planning, with the car as the point of departure. This article analyzes the means by which technical ideas and planning approaches developed elsewhere found their way into the plan. The Swedish road system was connected to the European road network, but the technical ideas of traffic engineeringon which the plan rested derived from an even wider base that reached all the way to the United States. This article investigates and explains the influence of the international road and car lobby—specifically the International Road Federation and its "local branch" the Swedish Road Federation—in encouraging the adoption of American-based traffic engineering ideals in the Swedish Road Plan.
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| 12. |
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| 13. |
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| 14. |
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Det tysta huset : bättre ljudkomfort i nyproducerade bostäder
- 1991
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Editorial collection (other academic/artistic)abstract
- I denna bok redovisas ett projekt i Lund (kv. Bollen) vars syfte var att visa att det med tillgänglig teknik och till rimliga kostnader går att bygga bostäder som uppfyller högt ställda krav på ljudkomfort. De uppställda kraven, problembeskrivningar, valda lösningar, kostnadsförändringar samt de utförandetekniska konsekvenserna redovisas detaljerat.
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| 15. |
- Emborg, Mats, et al.
(author)
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Temperature stresses in early age concrete due to hydration
- 1984
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In: Nordic Concrete Research. - 0800-6377. ; :3, s. 28-48
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Theoretical models for the analysis of thermal induced stresses in massive concrete structures are presented. Laboratory tests are conducted in order to calibrate the theoretical models for different types of cement, concrete mixtures etc
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| 16. |
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| 17. |
- Everhov, Åsa H., et al.
(author)
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Incidence and Treatment of Patients Diagnosed With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases at 60 Years or Older in Sweden
- 2018
-
In: Gastroenterology. - : Saunders Elsevier. - 0016-5085 .- 1528-0012. ; 154:3, s. 518-528
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND & AIMS: Diagnosis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is increasing among elderly persons (60 years or older). We performed a nationwide population-based study to estimate incidence and treatment.METHODS: We identified all incident IBD cases in Sweden, from 2006 through 2013, using national registers, and up to 10 matched population comparator subjects. We collected data on the patients' health care contacts and estimated incidence rates, health service burden, pharmacologic treatments, extra-intestinal manifestations, and surgeries in relation to age of IBD onset (pediatric, less than 18 years; adults, 18-59 years; elderly, 60 years or older).RESULTS: Of 27,834 persons diagnosed with incident IBD, 6443 (23%) had a first diagnosis of IBD at 60 years or older, corresponding to an incidence rate of 35/100,000 person-years (10/100,000 person-years for Crohn's disease, 19 /100,000 person-years for ulcerative colitis, and 5/100,000 person-years for IBD unclassified). During a median follow-up period of 4.2 years (range 0-9 years), elderly patients had less IBD-specific outpatient health care but more IBD-related hospitalizations and overall health care use than adult patients with IBD. Compared to patients with pediatric or adult onset, elderly patients used fewer biologics and immunomodulators, but more systemic corticosteroids. Occurrence of extra-intestinal manifestations was similar in elderly and adult patients, but bowel surgery was more common in the elderly (13% after 5 years vs 10% in adults) (P<.001). The absolute risk of bowel surgery was higher in the elderly than in the general population, but in relative terms, the risk increase was larger in younger age groups.CONCLUSIONS: In a nationwide cohort study in Sweden, we associated diagnosis of IBD at age 60 years or older with a lower use of biologics and immunomodulators but higher absolute risk of bowel surgery, compared to diagnosis at a younger age. The large differences in pharmacological treatment of adults and elderly patients are not necessarily due to a milder course of disease and warrant further investigation.
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| 18. |
- Everhov, Åsa H., et al.
(author)
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Increasing healthcare costs in inflammatory bowel disease 2007-2020 in Sweden
- 2023
-
In: Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics. - : John Wiley & Sons. - 0269-2813 .- 1365-2036. ; 58:7, s. 692-703
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- BACKGROUND: Inflammatory bowel disease has been linked to increasing healthcare costs, but longitudinal data on other societal costs are scarce.AIM: To assess costs, including productivity losses, in patients with prevalent Crohn's disease (CD) or ulcerative colitis (UC) in Sweden between 2007 and 2020.METHODS: We linked data from national registers on all patients with CD or UC and a matched (sex, birthyear, healthcare region and education) reference population. We assessed mean costs/year in Euros, inflation-adjusted to 2020, for hospitalisations, out-patient visits, medications, sick leave and disability pension. We defined excess costs as the mean difference between patients and matched comparators.RESULTS: Between 2007 and 2020, absolute mean annual societal costs in working-age (18-64 years) individuals decreased by 17% in CD (-24% in the comparators) and by 20% in UC (-27% in comparators), due to decreasing costs from sick leave and disability, a consequence of stricter sick leave regulations. Excess costs in 2007 were dominated by productivity losses. In 2020, excess costs were mostly healthcare costs. Absolute and excess costs increased in paediatric and elderly patients. Overall, costs for TNF inhibitors/targeted therapies increased by 274% in CD and 638% in UC, and the proportion treated increased from 5% to 26% in CD, and from 1% to 10% in UC.CONCLUSION: Between 2007 and 2020, excess costs shifted from productivity losses to direct healthcare costs; that is, the patients' compensation for sickness absence decreased, while society increased its spending on medications. Medication costs were driven both by expanding use of TNF inhibitors and by high costs for newer targeted therapies.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
- Gardiner, Stephen J., et al.
(author)
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Analytic content and the isoperimetric inequality in higher dimensions
- 2018
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In: Journal of Functional Analysis. - : ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE. - 0022-1236 .- 1096-0783. ; 275:9, s. 2284-2298
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This paper establishes a conjecture of Gustafsson and Khavinson, which relates the analytic content of a smoothly bounded domain in R-N to the classical isoperimetric inequality. The proof is based on a novel combination of partial balayage with optimal transport theory. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 21. |
- Grape, Malin
(author)
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Molecular basis for trimethoprim and sulphonamide resistance in Gram negative pathogens
- 2006
-
Doctoral thesis (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Resistance to antibiotics is becoming an important global public health problem. Infectious diseases are still among the major causes of disease and death in many parts of the world and the possibilities to treat bacterial infections are now threatened due to the spread of antibiotic resistance. Trimethoprim and sulphonamides are widely accessible and affordable antibiotics which act by inhibiting the folic acid synthesis in bacteria. Trimethoprim and its combination with the sulphonamide sulphamethoxazole, are considered first- and second-line treatment for many infections, such as uncomplicated and severe urinary tract infections. Gram negative bacteria usually become resistant to these drugs by acquiring genes encoding additional enzymes which are not inhibited by the drugs. Such enzymes are encoded by dfr- and sul-genes which can efficiently be spread among bacteria. The majority of the dfr-genes are carried as gene cassettes in a genetic element called integron. Integrons can insert and express gene cassettes conferring resistance to various different antibiotics and are thus important tools for spread of resistance in pathogenic bacteria. In the present studies, a material of 105 Gram negative bacterial strains from urinary samples has been thoroughly investigated. Additional studies have also been performed on other selected materials of E. coli bacteria. The presence of integrons, dfr-genes and sulgenes has been mapped. A subset of detected integrons has been sequenced to explore the carriage of antibiotic resistance gene cassettes in these elements. In strains where no known integron, dfr- or sul-gene could be detected, further studies by means of shotgun cloning experiments were performed to understand the underlying mechanisms for resistance and the spread of such determinants. Two multiplex PCR screening methods for the five most frequently occurring dfr-genes have also been developed and tested in these studies. Gene cassettes in the integrons studied in these strains only contained genes encoding resistance to trimethoprim and two rarely used antibiotics of the aminoglycoside type. The acquisition of other antibiotic resistance determinants must hence be explained by additional genetic dissemination mechanisms in these isolates. The new su13 gene was in the present studies for the first time described in pathogens from humans. The gene was also shown to be present in several isolates from healthy pigs and a spread of this gene from animals to humans was suggested. As many as four new dfr-genes, dfr2d, dfrA22, dfrA24 and dfrA26, were described in the investigated material. The first two of these are carried as gene cassettes in integrons while the third is spread by an unknown mechanism and the fourth was shown to be connected to the recently described elements called the common regions. Common regions have been found to capture and spread a large number of various antibiotic resistance genes unrelated to gene cassettes. As confirmed by the description of dfrA26 in these studies, almost all dfr-genes now fall into the two categories as disseminated either by integrons or by common regions. The importance of the association of resistance to trimethoprim and probably also sulphonamides with common regions can be expected to increase in the future.
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| 22. |
- Hasslöf, Helen, et al.
(author)
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Discussing sustainable development among teachers : an analysis from a conflict perspective
- 2014
-
In: International Journal of Environmental and Science Education. - Bolu : International Society of Educational Research. - 1306-3065. ; 9:1, s. 41-57
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Education for Sustainable Development has been discussed as problematic, as a top down directive promoting an ―indoctrinating‖ education. The concept of the intertwined dimensions (economic, social-cultural, and environmental) of sustainable development is seen both as an opportunity and as a limitation for pluralistic views of sustainability. In this paper we study possibilities that allow different perspectives of sustainability to emerge and develop in discussions. We focus on the conflicting perspectives of the intertwined dimensions in some main theoretical models in combination with the use of Wertsch’s function of speech framework to construct a conflict reflection tool. As an illustrative case, we apply this conflict reflection tool to an analysis of a discussion among seven secondary school teachers on climate change. The results in this particular example show the dynamics of speech genre and content in developing different perspectives. We conclude our paper with a discussion of the conflicting view of the integrated dimensions of sustainability in relation to an agonistic pluralistic approach, and we consider its relevance in an educational context.
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| 23. |
- Heberling, Rikard, 1981-
(author)
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Bröderna Lagerström : folkhemmets typograf
- 2022
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In: jag vet hur folkhemmet luktar. - Stockholm : Konstfack. - 9789185549528 ; , s. 133-165
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Book chapter (other academic/artistic)
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| 24. |
- Herthelius, M
(author)
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Antenatally detected urinary tract dilatation: long-term outcome
- 2023
-
In: Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany). - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 1432-198X .- 0931-041X. ; 38:10, s. 3221-3227
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- This review provides updated knowledge on the long-term outcomes among children with antenatally diagnosed urinary tract dilatation (UTD), previously often referred to as antenatal hydronephrosis. Different definitions of UTD exist, which makes comparison between studies and generalized conclusions difficult. Roughly, one-third of antenatally diagnosed UTD, defined as a renal pelvis anterior posterior diameter (APD) of ≥ 4 mm in the second trimester and/or ≥ 7 mm in the third trimester, will resolve before birth, another third will resolve within the first years of life, and in the remaining cases, UTD will persist or a congenital abnormality (CAKUT) will be diagnosed postnatally. The risk of a postnatal CAKUT diagnosis increases with the degree of prenatal and postnatal dilatation, except for vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), which cannot be predicted from the degree of UTD. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) occur in 7–14% of children with UTD during the first years of life. The risk of UTI is higher in children with traditional risk factors for UTI, such as dilated VUR, hydroureteronephrosis, female gender, and intact foreskin. Continuous antibiotic prophylaxis may be considered in selected patients during the first years of life. In long-term follow-ups, permanent kidney damage is diagnosed in approximately 40% of children with moderate or severe UTD, but hypertension, proteinuria, and/or reduced eGFR are uncommon (0–5%). In children with mild UTD, the long-term outcome is excellent, and these children should not be subjected to unnecessary examinations and/or follow-up.
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| 25. |
- Hillerich, Karla, et al.
(author)
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Cu particle seeded InP InAs axial nanowire heterostructures
- 2013
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In: Physica Status Solidi. Rapid Research Letters. - : Wiley. - 1862-6254. ; 7:10, s. 850-854
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- We demonstrate the epitaxial growth of alternating InP-InAs nanowire heterostructures using Cu seed particles in MOVPE. We observe extraordinary early stages in the formation of InAs segments, e.g. three-dimensional nucleation instead of step-flow growth. Furthermore, InAs segments of thin nanowires exhibit extended 4H crystal structure.
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| 26. |
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| 27. |
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| 28. |
- Jaderstrom, H., et al.
(author)
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200 and 300 MeV/nucleon nuclear reactions responsible for single-event effects in microelectronics
- 2008
-
In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 77:4, s. 44601-
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- An experimental study of nuclear reactions between Si-28 nuclei at 200 and 300 MeV/nucleon and hydrogen or deuterium target nuclei was performed at the CELSIUS storage ring in Uppsala, Sweden, to collect information about the reactions responsible for single-event effects in microelectronics. Inclusive data on Si-28 fragmentation, as well as data on correlations between recoils and spectator protons or alpha particles are compared to predictions from the Dubna cascade model and the Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute version of the quantum molecular dynamics model. The comparison shows satisfactory agreement for inclusive data except for He fragments where low-energy sub-barrier fragments and recoiling fragments with very large momenta are produced much more frequently than predicted. The yield of exclusive data are also severely underestimated by the models whereas the charge distributions of recoils in these correlations compare well. The observed enhancement in He emission, which may well be important for the description of single-event effects, is most likely to be attributed to alpha clustering in Si-28 nuclei.
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| 29. |
- Jasim, Hajer, et al.
(author)
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The proteomic profile of whole and glandular saliva in healthy pain-free subjects
- 2016
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In: Scientific Reports. - : NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP. - 2045-2322. ; 6
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Determination of the variability in the salivary proteome is a prerequisite for the development of saliva as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in particular physiological states. In this context, it is important that technical variability induced by sample collection and processing is kept at minimum to be able to reproducibly assess variability in states of health and disease. In the current study, the proteome profile in unstimulated and stimulated whole, parotid and sublingual saliva was investigated using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Saliva samples were structurally collected from ten examined and characterized healthy individuals during the exactly same conditions. The results demonstrated that different collection methods provide clear differences in the snapshot of the salivary proteome and also in the relative amount of specific proteins. The variable nature of the salivary proteome suggests that different approaches may have to be adopted when studying its composition or its possible role as an indicator for particular physiological states. The results emphasize the importance of consistency when collecting saliva samples for proteomic analysis.
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| 30. |
- Jonsson, Bibi, et al.
(author)
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Harald Wägner 1885–1925
- 2017
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In: En lundensisk litteraturhistoria : Lunds universitet som litterärt kraftfält - Lunds universitet som litterärt kraftfält. - 1401-1301. - 978 91 7061 250 3 ; 2018, s. 177-177
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Book chapter (pop. science, debate, etc.)
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| 31. |
- Käihkö, Ilmari
(author)
-
Conflict chatnography : Instant messaging apps, social media and conflict ethnography in Ukraine
- 2020
-
In: Ethnography. - : SAGE Publications. - 1466-1381 .- 1741-2714. ; 21:1, s. 71-91
-
Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Social media and instant messaging are fast becoming an integral part of contemporary life, and subsequently of ethnographic research. As ethnography is essentially a process defined by relations between people, this article investigates how online interaction influenced my relationships with the people I studied: Ukrainian volunteer battalions. Framed in a broader context of conflict ethnography, the resulting chatnography made access to informants tremendously easier, and allowed for remote data collection. Chatnography nevertheless exacerbated ethical challenges posed by study of armed conflict. The blending of offline and online also led to despatialization, and the blurring of personal and professional. This questions the traditional notion of the 'field', while more immediately threatening to limit my private life. While not a magic bullet, the convenience of chatnography means that it will be here for years to come. This article offers an attempt to investigate what this entails in practice.
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Lindström, Veronica, 1966-, et al.
(author)
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Linking digitalization to manufacturing strategy : a case study at Scania CV AB in Oskarshamn
- 2019
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- To sustain competitiveness in the automotive industry, industrial companies seek new ways of increasing and improving efficiency and flexibility of their production systems. By embracing the shift towards smart factories, industrial companies need to consider both short term and long-term investments. When implementing digitalized solutions, automotive factories need to understand what initiatives that need to be made, and when. This case study is done at Scania CV AB in Oskarshamn, and more specifically in the logistics department inside the main assembly. As Scania forecasts a growing demand of their products, the company needs to increase their internal delivery capacity and requires an improved product and process quality on a long-term basis using digital technology. Based on this problem, the purpose of this study is to analyse how digitalization will affect the current manufacturing strategy and how digitalization may improve the current manufacturing strategy. The results of the case study show that Scania CV AB in Oskarshamn should start to implement digitalization by introducing compatible technologies and by changing their organization structure. A roadmap is presented suggesting short-term and long-term objectives that links digitalization to manufacturing strategy of the case study.
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| 36. |
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| 37. |
- Lok, Veeleah, et al.
(author)
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Changes in anxiety and depression during the COVID-19 pandemic in the European population : A meta-analysis of changes and associations with restriction policies
- 2023
-
In: European psychiatry. - 0924-9338 .- 1778-3585. ; 66:1
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background. Early studies of common mental disorders (CMDs) during the COVID-19 pandemic mainly report increases; however, more recent findings have been mixed. Also, studies assessing the effects of restriction measures on CMDs show varied results. The aim of this meta-analysis was to assess changes in levels of CMDs from pre-/early to during the pandemic and the effects of restriction policies in the European population.Methods. We searched for studies assessing both pre-pandemic and peri-pandemic self-reported emotional distress and symptoms of depression or anxiety among nationally/regionally representative samples in Europe and collected microdata from those studies. Estimates of corona containment index were related to changes in CMDs using random-effects meta-regression.Results. Our search strategy resulted in findings from 15 datasets drawn from 8 European countries being included in the meta-analysis. There was no evidence of change in the prevalence of emotional distress, anxiety, or depression from before to during the pandemic; but from early pandemic periods to later periods, there were significant decreases in emotional distress and anxiety. Increased school restrictions and social distancing were associated with small increases in self-reported emotional distress.Conclusions. Despite initial concerns of increased emotional distress and mental illness due to the COVID-19 pandemic, the results from this meta-analysis indicate that there was a decrease in emotional distress and no change in anxiety or depression in the general population in Europe. Overall, our findings support the importance of strong governance when implementing periodic and robust restriction measures to combat the spread of COVID-19.
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
- Masuyer, Geoffrey, et al.
(author)
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Inhibition mechanism of human galectin-7 by a novel galactose- benzylphosphate inhibitor
- 2012
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In: The FEBS Journal. - : Wiley. - 1742-464X .- 1742-4658. ; 279:2, s. 193-202
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Galectins are involved in many cellular processes due to their ability to bind carbohydrates. Understanding their functions has shown the necessity for potent and specific galectin inhibitors. Human galectin-7 (hGal-7), in particular, has been highlighted as an important marker in many types of cancer by either inhibiting or promoting tumour growth. Producing ligands able to selectively target hGal-7 will offer promising tools for deciphering cancer processes in which hGal-7 is involved as well as present potential solutions for future therapeutics. Here we report the high resolution crystal structure of hGal-7 in complex with a synthetic 2-O-benzylphosphate-galactoside inhibitor (which is > 60-fold more potent than its parent galactoside). The high resolution crystallographic analysis highlights the validity of using saccharide derivatives, conserving properties of the galactose binding, while enhanced affinity and specificity is provided by the added phosphate group. This structural information will allow the design of further inhibitors with improved potency and specificity.
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| 41. |
- Merrifield, Kami, et al.
(author)
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Using social cognitive theory to understand meta-parenting in parents of young children
- 2015
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In: Family Science. - : Taylor & Francis. - 1942-4620 .- 1942-4639. ; , s. 362-369
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Meta-parenting is a construct that refers to parents’ thought processes as they employ and assess parenting strategies based on their child’s behavior and perceptions of his/her developmental course. The present study examined the associations among parenting self-efficacy, positive relational maintenance, parent and child characteristics, and meta-parenting in heterosexual parents of young children. Mother’s level of education was positively associated with her maintenance behaviors and fathers’ reports of marital maintenance was positively associated with mothers’ reports of meta-parenting. Parenting self-efficacy was positively associated with meta-parenting for mothers and fathers. Child characteristics were not associated with meta-parenting. The present study contributes to current knowledge regarding the empirical associations among these variables and meta-parenting cognitions and by adopting a theoretical perspective, or Social Cognitive Theory, as a backdrop for understanding these and other possible influences.
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| 42. |
- Ohlin, Leif, et al.
(author)
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Poly-substance use and antisocial personality traits at admission predict cumulative retention in a buprenorphine programme with mandatory work and high compliance profile
- 2011
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In: BMC Psychiatry. - : BioMed Central (BMC). - 1471-244X. ; 11:81
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Background: Continuous abstinence and retention in treatment for alcohol and drug use disorders are central challenges for the treatment providers. The literature has failed to show consistent, strong predictors of retention. Predictors and treatment structure may differ across treatment modalities. In this study the structure was reinforced by the addition of supervised urine samples three times a week and mandatory daily work/structured education activities as a prerequisite of inclusion in the program. Methods: Of 128 patients consecutively admitted to buprenorphine maintenance treatment five patients dropped out within the first week. Of the remaining 123 demographic data and psychiatric assessment were used to predict involuntary discharge from treatment and corresponding cumulative abstinence probability. All subjects were administered the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-TR, and the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT), the Swedish universities Scales of Personality (SSP) and the Sense of Coherence Scale (SOC), all self-report measures. Some measures were repeated every third month in addition to interviews. Results: Of 123 patients admitted, 86 (70%) remained in treatment after six months and 61 (50%) remained in treatment after 12 months. Of those discharged involuntarily, 34/62 individuals were readmitted after a suspension period of three months. Younger age at intake, poly-substance abuse at intake (number of drugs in urine), and number of conduct disorder criteria on the SCID Screen were independently associated with an increased risk of involuntary discharge. There were no significant differences between dropouts and completers on SCL-90, SSP, SOC or AUDIT. Conclusion: Of the patients admitted to the programme 50% stayed for the first 12 months with continuous abstinence and daily work. Poly-substance use before intake into treatment, high levels of conduct disorder on SCID screen and younger age at intake had a negative impact on retention and abstinence.
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| 43. |
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| 44. |
- Pasqual, Catalina, et al.
(author)
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Composition and provenance of terrigenous organic matter transported along submarine canyons in the Gulf of Lion (NW Mediterranean Sea)
- 2013
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In: Progress in Oceanography. - : Pergamon Press. - 0079-6611. ; 118:SI, s. 81-94
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Research review (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Previous projects in the Gulf of Lion have investigated the path of terrigenous material in the Rhone deltaic system, the continental shelf and the nearby canyon heads. This study focuses on the slope region of the Gulf of Lion to further describe particulate exchanges with ocean's interior through submarine canyons and atmospheric inputs. Nine sediment traps were deployed from the heads to the mouths of Lacaze-Duthiers and Cap de Creus submarine canyons and on the southern open slope from October 2005 to October 2006. Sediment trap samples were analyzed by CuO oxidation to investigate spatial and temporal variability in the yields and compositional characteristics of terrigenous biomarkers such as ligninderived phenols and cutin acids. Sediment trap data show that the Dense Shelf Water Cascading event that took place in the months of winter 2006 (January, February and March) had a profound impact on particle fluxes in both canyons. This event was responsible for the majority of lignin phenol (55.4%) and cutin acid (42.8%) inputs to submarine canyons, with lignin compositions similar to those measured along the mid- and outer-continental shelf, which is consistent with the resuspension and lateral transfer of unconsolidated shelf sediment to the canyons. The highest lithogenic-normalized lignin derived phenols contents in sediment trap samples were found during late spring and summer at all stations (i.e., 193.46 mu g VP g(-1) lithogenic at deep slope station), when river flow, wave energy and total particle fluxes were relatively low. During this period, lignin compositions were characterized by elevated cinnamyl to vanillyl phenol ratios (>3) at almost all stations, high p-coumaric to ferulic acid ratios (>3) and high yields of cutin acids relative to vanillyl phenols (>1), all trends that are consistent with high pollen inputs. Our results suggest marked differences in the sources and transport processes responsible for terrigenous material export along submarine canyons, mainly consisting of fluvial and shelf sediments during winter and atmospheric dust inputs during spring and summer.
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| 45. |
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| 46. |
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| 47. |
- Peyrot, Daniel, et al.
(author)
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The greening of Western Australian landscapes: the Phanerozoic plant record
- 2019
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In: Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia. - Perth : Royal Society of Western Australia. - 0035-922X. ; 102, s. 52-82
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Western Australian terrestrial floras first appeared in the Middle Ordovician (c. 460 Ma) and developed Gondwanan affinities in the Permian. During the Mesozoic, these floras transitioned to acquire a distinctly austral character in response to further changes in the continent’s palaeolatitude and its increasing isolation from other parts of Gondwana. This synthesis of landscape evolution is based on palaeobotanical and palynological evidence mostly assembled during the last 60 years. The composition of the plant communities and the structure of vegetation changed markedly through the Phanerozoic. The Middle Ordovician –Middle Devonian was characterised by diminutive vegetation in low-diversity communities. An increase in plant size is inferred from the Devonian record, particularly from that of the Late Devonian when a significant part of the flora was arborescent. Changes in plant growth-forms accompanied a major expansion of vegetation cover to episodically or permanently flooded lowland settings and, from the latest Mississippian onwards, to dry hinterland environments. Wetter conditions during the Permian yielded waterlogged environments with complex swamp communities dominated by Glossopteris. In response to the Permian–Triassic extinction event, a transitional vegetation characterised by herbaceous lycopsids became dominant but was largely replaced by the Middle Triassic with seed ferns and shrubs or trees attributed to Dicroidium. Another floristic turnover at the Triassic–Jurassic boundary introduced precursors of Australia’s modern vegetation and other southern hemisphere regions. Most importantly, flowering plants gained ascendancy during the Late Cretaceous. Characteristics of the state’s modern vegetation, such as sclerophylly and xeromorphy, arose during the Late Cretaceous and Paleogene. The vegetation progressively developed its present-day structure and composition in response to the increasing aridity during the Neogene–Quaternary.
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| 48. |
- Peyroteo-Stjerna, Rita, 1977-, et al.
(author)
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Multidisciplinary investigation reveals an individual of West African origin buried in a Portuguese Mesolithic shell midden four centuries ago
- 2022
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In: Journal of Archaeological Science. - : Elsevier. - 2352-409X .- 2352-4103. ; 42
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Cabeço da Amoreira is a well-studied shell midden with a robust chronology based on a large number ofradiocarbon dates on Mesolithic human burials. Surprisingly, we discovered one individual that lived about 400years ago buried in this site. We employed a multidisciplinary approach integrating archaeology, historical records,genetics, radiocarbon dating and stable isotope analysis to investigate the biogeographic origins of thisindividual and burial circumstances. We could determine that this was a man of West African origin, probablyfrom Senegambia, arriving in Portugal via the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade. Our study provides new insights intoaspects of the life and death of a first-generation African individual in Portugal during the Trans-Atlantic SlaveTrade period and highlights the power of multidisciplinary research to unravel unwritten history.
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| 49. |
- Phan Xuan, Tuan, 1984, et al.
(author)
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Aggregation behavior of aqueous cellulose nanocrystals: the effect of inorganic salts
- 2016
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In: Cellulose. - : Springer Science and Business Media LLC. - 0969-0239 .- 1572-882X. ; 23:6, s. 3653-3663
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Natural anisotropic building-blocks such as cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have attracted considerable attention due to their biodegradability and nanometer-size. In this work the colloidal behavior of CNCs, obtained from sulfuric acid hydrolysis of microcrystalline cellulose, has been studied in presence of salts of different valences. The influence on the colloidal stability and nature of aggregates has been investigated for monovalent salts (LiCl, NaCl, KCl, CsCl), divalent salts (CaCl2 and MgCl2), and a trivalent salt (AlCl3), both experimentally by means of turbidity and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements, as well as by Monte Carlo simulations using a simple coarse-grained model. For the entire salt series, a critical aggregation concentration (CAC) could be determined by turbidity measurements, as a result of the reduction of effective Coulomb repulsions due to the presence of sulfate groups on the CNC surface. The CACs also followed the Schulze-Hardy law, i.e. the critical aggregation concentration decreased with increasing counterion valence. For the monovalent ions, the CACs followed the trend Li+ > Na+ > K+ > Cs+, which could be rationalized in terms of matching affinities between the cation and the sulfate groups present at the surface of CNCs. From the SAXS measurements it was shown that the density of the aggregates increased with increasing salt concentration and ion valence. In addition, these findings were rationalized by means of simulation, which showed a good correlation with experimental data. The combination of the experimental techniques and the simulations offered insight into interaction-aggregation relationship of CNC suspensions, which is of importance for their structural design applications.
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