| 1. |
- Norén, Torbjörn, et al.
(författare)
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Clindamycin resistant strains of Clostridium difficile isolated from cases of C. difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) in a hospital in Sweden
- 2002
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Ingår i: Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease. - 0732-8893 .- 1879-0070. ; 42:2, s. 149-151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Fifty three strains of C. difficile recovered from the stools of 13 patients with clinical C. difficile associated diarrhea (CDAD) were analyzed for the presence of the ermB gene, for toxigenicity and fingerprinting profile by PCR based assays. Forty five percent of the isolates were resistant to clindamycin and positive for the ermB gene. All clindamycin resistant isolates were ermB positive and belonged to the same fingerprinting group, suggesting clonal spread. These preliminary results suggest that clindamycin resistant isolates may be common etiologic agents of CDAD in Sweden.
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| 2. |
- Abdeldaim, Guma M. K., et al.
(författare)
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Detection of Haemophilus influenzae in respiratory secretions from pneumonia patients by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction
- 2009
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Ingår i: Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease. - : Elsevier. - 0732-8893 .- 1879-0070. ; 64:4, s. 366-373
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based on the omp P6 gene was developed to detect Haemophilus influenzae. Its specificity was determined by analysis of 29 strains of 11 different Haemophilus spp. and was compared with PCR assays having other target genes: rnpB, 16S rRNA, and bexA. The method was evaluated on nasopharyngeal aspirates from 166 adult patients with community-acquired pneumonia. When 104 DNA copies/mL was used as cutoff limit for the method, P6 PCR had a sensitivity of 97.5% and a specificity of 96.0% compared with the culture. Of 20 culture-negative but P6 PCR-positive cases, 18 were confirmed by fucK PCR as H. influenzae. Five (5.9%) of 84 nasopharyngeal aspirates from adult controls tested PCR positive. We conclude that the P6 real-time PCR is both sensitive and specific for identification of H. influenzae in respiratory secretions. Quantification facilitates discrimination between disease-causing H. influenzae strains and commensal colonization.
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| 3. |
- Abdeldaim, Guma M. K., et al.
(författare)
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Quantitative fucK gene polymerase chain reaction on sputum and nasopharyngeal secretions to detect Haemophilus influenzae pneumonia
- 2013
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Ingår i: Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease. - : Elsevier. - 0732-8893 .- 1879-0070. ; 76:2, s. 141-146
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- A quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the fucK gene was developed for specific detection of Haemophilus influenzae. The method was tested on sputum and nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) from 78 patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). With a reference standard of sputum culture and/or serology against the patient's own nasopharyngeal isolate, H. influenzae etiology was detected in 20 patients. Compared with the reference standard, fucK PCR (using the detection limit 10(5) DNA copies/mL) on sputum and NPA showed a sensitivity of 95.0% (19/20) in both cases, and specificities of 87.9% (51/58) and 89.5% (52/58), respectively. In a receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, sputum fucK PCR was found to be significantly superior to sputum P6 PCR for detection of H. influenzae CAP. NPA fucK PCR was positive in 3 of 54 adult controls without respiratory symptoms. In conclusion, quantitative fucK real-time PCR provides a sensitive and specific identification of H. influenzae in respiratory secretions.
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| 4. |
- Abdeldaim, Guma M. K., et al.
(författare)
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Toward a quantitative DNA-based definition of pneumococcal pneumonia : a comparison of Streptococcus pneumoniae target genes, with special reference to the Spn9802 fragment
- 2008
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Ingår i: Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 0732-8893 .- 1879-0070. ; 60:2, s. 143-150
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The current shift from phenotypically toward genotypically based microbial diagnosis is not unproblematic. A novel quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay based on the Spn9802 DNA fragment was therefore developed for detection of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Out of 44 bacterial species, only S. pneumoniae and Streptococcus pseudopneumoniae were positive in Spn9802 PCR. In an evaluation on nasopharyngeal aspirates from 166 patients with community-acquired pneumonia, the assay was positive in 49 of 50 culture-positive cases. Of 19 culture-negative but Spn9802 PCR-positive cases, 12 were confirmed as S. pneumoniae by rnpB sequence analysis. With an expanded reference standard, including culture and rnpB sequencing, Spn9802 had a sensitivity of 94% and a specificity of 98%. A cutoff for clinically significant positivity was 10(4) DNA copies/mL, giving 71% sensitivity and 100% specificity. In conclusion, Spn9802 real-time PCR is highly sensitive and specific. The quantification it provides enables differentiation between pneumococcal pathogenicity and commensalism.
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| 5. |
- Barisic, Ivan, et al.
(författare)
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Multiplex detection of antibiotic resistance genes using padlock probes
- 2013
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Ingår i: Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 0732-8893 .- 1879-0070. ; 77:2, s. 118-125
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The elucidation of resistance mechanisms is of central importance to providing and maintaining efficient medical treatment. However, molecular detection methods covering the complete set of resistance genes with a single test are still missing. Here, we present a novel 100-plex assay based on padlock probes in combination with a microarray that allows the simultaneous large-scale identification of highly diverse beta-lactamases. The specificity of the assay was performed using 70 clinical bacterial isolates, recovering 98% of the beta-lactamase nucleotide sequences present. Additionally, the sensitivity was evaluated with PCR products and genomic bacterial DNA, revealing a detection limit of 10(4) DNA copies per reaction when using PCR products as the template. Pre-amplification of genomic DNA in a 25-multiplex PCR further facilitated the detection of beta-lactamase genes in dilutions of 10(7) cells/mL. In summary, we present an efficient, highly specific, and highly sensitive multiplex detection method for any gene.
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
- Dumke, Roger, et al.
(författare)
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Multi-center evaluation of one commercial and 12 in-house real-time PCR assays for detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae
- 2017
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Ingår i: Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. - 0732-8893 .- 1879-0070. ; 88:2, s. 111-114
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Detection of Mycoplasma pneumoniae by real-time PCR is not yet standardized across laboratories. We have implemented a standardization protocol to compare the performance of thirteen commercial and in-house approaches. Despite differences on threshold values of samples, all assays were able to detect at least 20 M. pneumoniae genomes per reaction.
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| 8. |
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| 9. |
- Gullsby, Karolina, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of three real-time PCR methods for detection of macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma genitalium in Sweden
- 2021
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Ingår i: Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 0732-8893 .- 1879-0070. ; 100:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- There is a worldwide increase in macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma genitalium strains, with severe impacts on treatment. The aim of this study was to compare three real-time PCR methods for the detection of macrolide resistance: an in-house PCR described by Touati et al., ResistancePlus® MG (SpeeDx), and S-DiaMGRes™ (Diagenode Diagnostics). One hundred M. genitalium-positive patient samples collected in Sweden and a quantitated M. genitalium DNA control were analyzed. Macrolide resistance was detected in 18, 15, and 16 of the samples with the respective methods. Sequencing of the 23S rRNA gene confirmed resistance in 16 (16%) of 100 samples in which it was detected with any of the three methods. ResistancePlus® MG and S-DiaMGRes™ falsely determined one sample as macrolide-sensitive, but this sample was determined as resistant when retested. The sensitivity of the methods was comparable, although there should be awareness of possible incorrect determination of macrolide resistance, especially of low-positive samples.
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| 10. |
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| 11. |
- Holmberg, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Mature biofilms of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium are highly resistant to antibiotics.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0070 .- 0732-8893. ; 84:1, s. 19-21
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium are important nosocomial pathogens that form biofilms on implanted materials. We compare the antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria in new (established during 24hours) and mature (established during 120hours) enterococcal biofilms. Mature biofilms contained more bacteria and were much more tolerant to antibiotics, including rifampicin-containing combinations, as judged by determination of minimal biofilm eradication concentrations and by time-kill experiments of bacteria in biofilms formed on beads of bone cement.
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| 12. |
- Isaksson, Jenny, et al.
(författare)
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Comparison of species identification of endocarditis associated viridans streptococci using rnpB genotyping and 2 MALDI-TOF systems
- 2015
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Ingår i: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 0732-8893 .- 1879-0070. ; 81:4, s. 240-245
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Streptococcus spp. are important causes of infective endocarditis but challenging in species identification. This study compared identification based on sequence determination of the rnpB gene with 2 systems of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry, MALDI Biotyper (Bruker) and VITEK MS IVD (bioMerieux). Blood culture isolates of viridans streptococci from 63 patients with infective endocarditis were tested. The 3 methods showed full agreement for all 36 isolates identified in the Anginosus, Bovis, and Mutans groups or identified as Streptococcus cristatus, Streptococcus gordonii, or Streptococcus sanguinis. None of the methods could reliably identify the 23 isolates to the species level when designated as Streptococcus mitis, Streptococcus oralis, or Streptococcus tigurinus. In 7 isolates classified to the Mitis group, the rnpB sequences deviated strikingly from all reference sequences, and additional analysis of sodA and groEL genes indicated the occurrence of yet unidentified Streptococcus spp. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 13. |
- Karah, Nabil, et al.
(författare)
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Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr in Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. from Norway and Sweden
- 2010
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Ingår i: Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 0732-8893 .- 1879-0070. ; 66:4, s. 425-431
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- The prevalence of the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr was investigated among clinical isolates of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella spp. selected from 2 collections of consecutive isolates collected in 2004 to 2005 in Norway (n = 2479) and Sweden (n = 2980) and 1 group of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing isolates collected in 2003 in Norway (n = 71). A total of 414 isolates was selected for screening based on resistance to nalidixic acid and/or reduced susceptibility/resistance to ciprofloxacin. The prevalence of both qnr and aac(6')-Ib-cr was higher among the ESBL producers (9.1% and 52.3%, respectively) than in the consecutive isolates (1.1% and 3.2%, respectively). qnrS1 was detected in 6 isolates, whereas qnrB1 and qnrB7 were detected in 2 isolates. The genetic structure surrounding qnrS1 was similar to previously described structures. In 2 isolates, qnrS1 was located on conjugative IncN-type plasmids of approximately 140 kb.
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| 14. |
- Kjölvmark, Charlott, et al.
(författare)
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Distinguishing asymptomatic bacteriuria from urinary tract infection in the elderly - the use of urine levels of heparin-binding protein and interleukin-6
- 2016
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Ingår i: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0070 .- 0732-8893. ; 85:2, s. 243-248
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Asymptomatic bacteriuria (ABU) is highly prevalent among elderly patients. It can be difficult to distinguish ABU from symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI) in this population, which leads to unnecessary antibiotic treatment. Urinary heparin-binding protein (U-HBP) and urinary interleukin-6 (U-IL-6) have previously been studied as diagnostic markers for UTI. In this study, biomarkers were measured in the urine of 134 nursing home residents. The prevalence of ABU in this population, excluding patients with urinary catheter, was 32.8%. Levels of U-HBP and IL-6 were significantly lower among residents with ABU when compared to 49 patients with verified UTI. When previously defined cut-off limits were used, U-HBP had a high negative predictive value for UTI (93%), however, the specificity for differentiating patients with UTI and ABU was low. Discriminatory values were better for U-IL-6 with a sensitivity of 80% and specificity of 82% for the differentiation between the subgroup of pyelonephritis and ABU.
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| 15. |
- Lindblom, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Interspecies plasmid transfer appears rare in sequential infections with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae
- 2019
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Ingår i: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 0732-8893 .- 1879-0070. ; 93:4, s. 380-385
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- From a cohort of 1836 Swedish patients infected with ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae (EPE) during 2004-2014, 513 patients with recurrent EPE infection were identified. Only in 14 of the 513 patients was a change of species (ESBL-E. coli to ESBL-K. pneumoniae or vice versa) found between the index and subsequent infection. Eleven sequential urine isolates from 5 of the 14 patients were available for further analysis of possible transfer of ESBL-carrying plasmids. The plasmid content was studied using optical DNA mapping (ODM), PCR-based replicon typing, and ESBL gene sequencing. ODM allowed us to directly compare whole plasmids between isolates and found similar ESBL-carrying plasmids in 3 out of the 5 patients. The ODM results and the rarity in shift of species between ESBL-E. coli and ESBL-K. pneumoniae imply that in recurrent EPE infections interspecies plasmid transfer is uncommon. (C) 2018 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 16. |
- Lindström, Johan, 1984, et al.
(författare)
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CXCL13 in patients with facial palsy caused by varicella zoster virus and Borrelia burgdorferi: a comparative study.
- 2020
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Ingår i: Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0070 .- 0732-8893. ; 98:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- High cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of the chemokine CXCL13 have been associated with Lyme neuroborreliosis (LNB), and have recently been studied as a potential diagnostic marker. It has proven difficult to establish a reliable diagnostic cut-off, possibly in part due to heterogenicity of case-control groups. Our purpose was to investigate CSF CXCL13 concentrations in patients with similar clinical presentations, facial palsy. We retrospectively included patients with facial palsy associated with LNB (n=21), or varicella zoster virus (VZV) (n=26). Median CXCL13 concentrations were significantly higher in patients with LNB facial palsy compared to VZV facial palsy. Receiver-operating characteristic analyses yielded an optimal cut-off concentration at 34.5pg/mL (sensitivity 85.7%, specificity of 84.6%), lower than that in previous studies. Although the analysis has potential, it is still not adequately established that CXCL13 provides additional, clinically useful, diagnostic information over current recommendations.
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| 17. |
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| 18. |
- Nakonieczna, Joanna, et al.
(författare)
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Detection of Helicobacter rodentium-like DNA in the liver tissue of patients with chronic liver diseases by polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and DNA sequence analysis
- 2010
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Ingår i: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0070 .- 0732-8893. ; 68:3, s. 201-207
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Many Helicobacter spp. were isolated from the stomach, intestinal tract, and liver of different animals and humans. The association between Helicobacter spp. and hepatobiliary diseases, including hepatocellular carcinoma, was thoroughly examined, indicating a potential role of the bacteria in the progression toward cancer. In our work, we screened 97 liver biopsies from patients with chronic liver diseases for the presence of Helicobacter spp. DNA. With the use of genus-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and subsequent sequencing, we found that the majority of Helicobacter spp. DNA detected was similar to Helicobacter rodentium DNA (71%). The DNA of other detected Helicobacter spp. was similar to Helicobacter pylori DNA. This is the first indication of H. rodentium-like DNA presence in human liver tissue. We also conclude that PCR DGGE is a useful screening method for assigning species designation and heterogeneity. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 19. |
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| 20. |
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| 21. |
- Pettersson, John, 1981-, et al.
(författare)
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Meta-transcriptomic identification of hepatitis B virus in cerebrospinal fluid in patients with central nervous system disease
- 2019
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Ingår i: Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease. - : ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC. - 0732-8893 .- 1879-0070. ; 95:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Determining the etiological basis of central nervous system (CNS) infections is inherently challenging, primarily due to the multi-etiological nature. Using RNA sequencing, we aimed to identify microbes present in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of two patients suffering CNS infection, previously diagnosed with Cryptococcus sp. and Streptococcus pneumoniae infection, respectively. After meta-transcriptomic analysis, and confirmation with real-time PCR, hepatitis B virus (HBV) was detected in the CSF of two patients diagnosed with CNS syndrome. Phylogenetic analysis of the partial HBV genomes from these patients showed that they belonged to genotypes B and C and clustered with other viruses of Asian origin. In countries with high levels of HBV endemicity, the virus is likely to be found in patients diagnosed with CNS infections, although whether it contributes to symptoms and pathology, or is simply a coincidental infection, is unknown and merits further investigation. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc.
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| 22. |
- Pietikäinen, Annukka, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical performance and analytical accuracy of a C6 peptide-based point-of-care lateral flow immunoassay in Lyme borreliosis serology
- 2022
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Ingår i: Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease. - : Elsevier Science Inc. - 0732-8893 .- 1879-0070. ; 103:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We evaluated the analytical accuracy and the clinical performance of a ReaScan+ C6 LYME IgG point-of-care immunoassay (Reagena; index test). Analytical accuracy was evaluated in comparison to a C6 Lyme ELISA (TM) reference method (Oxford Immunotec) with retrospectively identified serum and CSF samples. The clinical performance was evaluated by using Lyme borreliosis patient and control subject serum and CSF samples. The study was conducted by following the 2015 Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies procedure. The sensitivity and specificity of the index test with serum samples were 83% and 91.6%, respectively, when C6 Lyme ELISA (TM) was used as a reference. The clinical sensitivity of the index test was 97.2%/96.8% for identifying Borrelia specific antibodies in definite/possible Lyme neuroborreliosis. With CSF samples, the clinical sensitivity was 97.2% for definite and 87.1% for possible Lyme neuroborreliosis. The clinical specificity of the assay was 96.1% with serum and 100% with CSF samples. (c) 2022 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)
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| 23. |
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| 24. |
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| 25. |
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| 26. |
- Salvà-Serra, Francisco, 1989, et al.
(författare)
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Detection of "Xisco" gene for identification of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates
- 2018
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Ingår i: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 0732-8893 .- 1879-0070. ; 90:4, s. 248-250
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We describe a PCR-assay differentiating Streptococcus pneumoniae from closely-related species of the Mitis group of the genus Streptococcus and identification of pneumococcus clinical isolates, based on the "Xisco" gene discriminatory marker. The complete "Xisco" gene sequence was observed in all S. pneumoniae genomes analyzed and absent in all non-pneumococcus genomes.
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| 27. |
- Senneby, Erik, et al.
(författare)
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Epidemiology and antibiotic susceptibility of aerococci in urinary cultures.
- 2015
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Ingår i: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0070 .- 0732-8893. ; 81:2, s. 149-151
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- In this study, we present population-based data regarding the prevalence of aerococci in clinical urinary samples. During a 3-month period, all aerococcal isolates from urinary samples from 2 clinical microbiology laboratories were collected. We identified 64 Aerococcus urinae isolates and 40 Aerococcus sanguinicola isolates, which correlates with an incidence of 33 cases of aerococcal bacteriuria per 100,000 inhabitants per year. The median age was 83years for all patients with aerococcal bacteriuria, which was significantly higher than for patients with Escherichia coli or Enterococcus faecalis bacteriuria. Sex was almost equally distributed between men and women with aerococcal bacteriuria, whereas females dominated in E. coli bacteriuria. The aerococcal isolates displayed low MICs for ampicillin, cefalotin, mecillinam, and nitrofurantoin. Most A. sanguinicola isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin, whereas most A. urinae isolates had low MICs. Clinical studies are needed to establish clinical breakpoints and optimal treatment.
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| 28. |
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| 29. |
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| 30. |
- Trell, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Recurrent bacteremia with Streptococcus dysgalactiae: a case-control study.
- 2016
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Ingår i: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 1879-0070 .- 0732-8893.
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Beta-hemolytic streptococci of groups C and G, designated as Streptococcus dysgalactiae (SD), can cause severe and recurring invasive infections. In this case-control study, we aimed to identify clinical and molecular risk factors for recurrence of SD bacteremia. Twenty-two cases of recurrent SD bacteremia were identified, and median time between episodes was 6 months. The most frequent clinical manifestation was skin and soft tissue infection. Cases and 92 controls, with single-episode SD bacteremia, showed similar demographics, had similar Charlson comorbidity scores, and had similar clinical presentations. Thirty-day fatality was 13% among controls, whereas none of 22 cases died. In 19 cases (86%), the same emm type was encountered in both episodes. SD isolates from recurrent episodes and from single episodes had a similar emm type distribution. Thus, we did not identify clinical risk factors for recurrences. The high proportion of identical emm types in recurrent episodes indicates a host-specific colonization.
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| 31. |
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| 32. |
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| 33. |
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| 34. |
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| 35. |
- Bläckberg, Anna, et al.
(författare)
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Eubacterium bacteremia – a retrospective observational study of a seldom found anaerobic pathogen
- 2024
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Ingår i: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease. - 1879-0070. ; 108:4
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- BackgroundHuman infections due to Eubacterium are rare and knowledge of the condition is limited. This study aimed to describe clinical characteristics and outcome in patients with Eubacterium bacteremia.MethodsEpisodes of Eubacterium bacteremia were identified through the clinical microbiology laboratory in Lund, Sweden. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed. Blood isolates of Eubacterium were collected and antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed with agar dilution.ResultsSeventeen patients with Eubacterium bacteremia were identified of whom six had monomicrobial bacteremia. The incidence was 1.7 cases of Eubacterium bacteremia per million inhabitants and year. The median age was 67 years (interquartile range 63-79 years), and six patients had some form of malignancy. Most of the patients an abdominal focus of infection and the 30-day mortality was low (n=1).ConclusionsInvasive infections with Eubacterium have a low incidence. The condition has a low mortality and an abdominal focus of infection, and malignancy, is common.
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| 36. |
- Eisen, DP, et al.
(författare)
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Urine D-arabinitol/L-arabinitol ratio in diagnosing Candida infection in patients with haematological malignancy and HIV infection
- 2002
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Ingår i: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease. - 1879-0070. ; 42:1, s. 39-42
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Adult patients with hematologic malignancies along with HIV infected patients were prospectively studied to determine the performance of urine D-arabinitol/L-arabinitol (DA/LA) ratio in diagnosing invasive candidiasis. Ten evaluable febrile neutropenic patients had proven invasive candidiasis and elevated DA/LA ratios were found in 5. Invasive candidiasis with normal DA/LA ratios was most frequently due to Candida krusei infection. This Candida species is a non-producer of arabinitol. Only 4 of 81 febrile neutropenic patients given either antifungal prophylaxis or empiric antifungal treatment had elevated DA/LA ratios. Only 1 of 15 HIV positive patients with either oropharyngeal or esophageal candidiasis had elevated DA/LA ratios. Widespread use of fluconazole prophylaxis in bone marrow transplantation patients at the study hospital has led to an increased prevalence of C. krusei infection. This is the likely reason for the low sensitivity of the test in proven and suspected invasive Candida infections reported here. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 37. |
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| 38. |
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| 39. |
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| 40. |
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| 41. |
- Oldberg, Karl, et al.
(författare)
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Enterococcus faecalis in blood cultures—a prospective study on the role of persistent bacteremia
- 2021
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Ingår i: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 0732-8893. ; 101:1
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Enterococcus faecalis can cause infective endocarditis and other complicated infections. We prospectively investigate the incidence of persistent bacteremia with E. faecalis. Of 50 episodes with monomicrobial E. faecalis bacteremia the control blood culture after 48 to 72 hours was positive in 5 episodes (10%) of which 4 had a complicated focal infection.
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| 42. |
- Rockabrand, David M, et al.
(författare)
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Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli colonization factor types collected from 1997 to 2001 in US military personnel during operation Bright Star in northern Egypt.
- 2006
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Ingår i: Diagnostic microbiology and infectious disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 0732-8893. ; 55:1, s. 9-12
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Operation Bright Star (OBS) is a biennial, multinational exercise in Egypt involving 15000 US troops. Consistent with past observations in deployed troops, diarrhea is the most significant cause of morbidity. Focused efforts are ongoing to develop vaccines against the most common pathogens affecting our troops. As part of these efforts, diarrhea surveillance was conducted during OBS to monitor pathogens associated with illness and to identify new vaccine targets. A retrospective review was conducted of prior studies with similar methods. Soldiers with diarrhea presenting to the OBS clinic provided a stool sample that was inoculated into Carey-Blair transport media. Within 3 days, the Cary-Blair tubes were transported to the Naval Medical Research Unit no. 3 in Cairo where bacterial culture was performed. As part of the evaluation, 5 Escherichia coli-like colonies were collected and tested for toxin production using the GM1-ELISA. Toxin-positive isolates were further tested for colonization factors (CF) by a dot-blot assay using a standardized panel of monoclonal antibodies against CFA/I, CS1-CS7, CS17, CS8 (CFA/III), CS12 (PCFO159), and CS14 (PCFO166). Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC) was the most frequently isolated pathogen during each OBS from which data were collected. The rate of ETEC-associated diarrhea ranged from 22% to 58%. Over time, there were dramatic shifts in the frequency and distribution of CFs. Over the 5 years of study, an increasing number of ETEC isolates had no known CF identified, and in 2001, only 40% of ETEC was associated with known CFs. The most commonly identified CF was CS6. Diarrheal disease, particularly ETEC, continues to be a common malady among US military personnel deployed to Egypt. We have identified ETEC CF types, especially CS6, which should be considered potential vaccine candidates. However, despite intensive testing, CFs could not be identified in most of the ETEC isolated, highlighting the need for further studies to identify novel CFs and alternative vaccine targets.
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| 43. |
- Ryding, Ulf, et al.
(författare)
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Evaluation of seven different enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for serodiagnosis of Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia
- 2002
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Ingår i: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease. - 1879-0070. ; 42:1, s. 9-15
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Objective: Serologic assays for Staphylococcus aureus antibodies were evaluated regarding their ability to differentiate between uncomplicated and complicated S. aureus bacteremia, between S. aureus and non-S. aureus bacteremia, and between S. aureus and non-S. aureus endocarditis. Methods: Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) were performed to measure Ig G antibodies against seven S. altreus antigens (peptidoglycan, teichoic acid, S. aureus ultrasonicate, whole S. aureus cells, a-toxin, lipase and capsular polysaccharide) in 129 patients with S. aureus bacteremia (including 51 with endocarditis), 78 patients with non-S. aureus bacteremia (including 27 with endocarditis) and 100 febrile non-bacteremic controls. Results: Whole-cell ELISA was the most sensitive assay. The specificity of all assays was low. Two different combinations of ELISAs for whole cells, teichoic acid, a-toxin, lipase and capsular polysaccharide did distinguish between S. aureus and non-S. aureus endocarditis, but not between uncomplicated and complicated S. aureus bacteremia. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 44. |
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| 45. |
- Trell, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Clinical and microbiological features of bacteremia with Streptococcus equi
- 2017
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Ingår i: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 0732-8893. ; 87:2, s. 196-198
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Streptococcus equi (SE) rarely causes human infections. We identified 18 SE isolates from blood cultures. The focus of infection was unknown (n = 5), arthritis (n = 3), catheter-related (n = 2), pneumonia (n = 2), or other (n = 6). There were no fatalities. Several patients had animal contacts but there were no indications of clonal outbreaks.
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| 46. |
- Trell, Kristina, et al.
(författare)
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Species and emm-type distribution of group C and G streptococci from different sites of isolation
- 2016
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Ingår i: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 0732-8893. ; 86:4, s. 467-469
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- beta-Haemolytic streptococci of groups C (GCS) and G (GGS) from human infections typically belong to Streptococcus dysgalactiae and are important human pathogens. Among GGS (183 isolates), several emm-types were identified without significant differences between different sites of isolation. For GCS (79 isolates), the type-distribution was markedly different and more restricted.
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| 47. |
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| 48. |
- Zhao, M. C., et al.
(författare)
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Clinical evaluation of a new single-tube multiplex reverse transcription PCR assay for simultaneous detection of 11 respiratory viruses, Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia in hospitalized children with acute respiratory infections
- 2017
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Ingår i: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease. - : Elsevier BV. - 0732-8893. ; 88:2, s. 115-119
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Respiratory Pathogen 13 Detect:ion Kit (13x kit) is able to simultaneously detect 11 respiratory viruses, Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) and Chlamydia in a single reaction. Using 572 Nasopharyngeal aspirates collected from hospitalized children, the clinical performance of 13x kit for detecting 11 respiratory viruses was evaluated in comparison with a routinely used 2-tube multiplex reverse transcription PCR assay (2-tube assay) at provincial Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in China. The clinical performance of 13x kit for detecting MP and Chlamydia was evaluated by commercial real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) kits or sequencing. For tested viruses, the assay concordance was 95.98% and the kappa coefficient was 0.89. All the MP and Chlamydia positive samples detected by 13x kit were confirmed as true positives. The utilization of the 13x kit in clinical settings will be helpful for doctors to assess clinical outcome according to virus type or multiple infections, and to limit the use of antibiotics. (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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| 49. |
- Öberg, Jonas, et al.
(författare)
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Improved identification of Streptococcus bovis-Streptococcus equinus-complex species and subspecies by MALDI-TOF MS using a novel library
- 2023
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Ingår i: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease. - 0732-8893. ; 107:3
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- ObjectivesTo develop an in-house matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) library for improved identification of species and subspecies of the Streptococcus bovis/Streptococcus equinus-complex (SBSEC).Methods236 SBSEC isolates from blood stream infections and culture collections, determined by whole genome sequencing to subspecies level, were grown in brain heart infusion broth. Mass spectra were collected using the Bruker MALDI Biotyper system after ethanol-formic acid extraction. Main spectral profiles from 117 isolates were used to create the “SBSEC-CMRS library”. The remaining 119 spectra were used for evaluation of Bruker MBT Compass Library Revision K (2022) and the SBSEC-CMRS library.ResultsThe Bruker library correctly identified species and subspecies in 72/119 (61 %) isolates, while the SBSEC-CMRS library identified 116/119 (97 %), using a cutoff score of ≥2.0.ConclusionsThe SBSEC-CMRS library showed sufficient diagnostic accuracy, and can be implemented in clinical practice for SBSEC species and subspecies identification.KeywordsStreptococcus bovisStreptococcus gallolyticusMALDI-TOF MSsubspecies identificationAbbreviationsMALDI-TOF MSMatrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometrySBSECStreptococcus bovis/Streptococcus equinus-complexCMRSClinical Microbiology Region SkåneSBSEC-CMRS libraryStreptococcus bovis/Streptococcus equinus-complex-Clinical Microbiology Region Skåne librarySg pasteurianusStreptococcus gallolyticus subsp. pasteurianusSg gallolyticusStreptococcus gallolyticus subsp. gallolyticusSg macedonicusS. gallolyticus subsp. macedonicusSi infantariusS. infantarius subsp. infantariusBHIBrain heart infusionWGSWhole genome sequencing
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