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- Cardinale, Massimiliano
(author)
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Fish Health and Fisheries, Implications for Stock Assessment and Management: The Mediterranean Example
- 2012
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In: Reviews in Fisheries Science. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1064-1262 .- 1547-6553. ; 20, s. 165-180
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Although fish health may influence key population-level processes, particularly those dealing with natural mortality, reproduction, and growth, which, in turn, affect stock productivity, little emphasis has been placed on the links between fish health and the management of marine fisheries. This article addresses this gap and illustrates how knowledge of fish health could provide insight for marine fisheries biologists, stock assessment modelers, and managers. The study proposes ways in which the consideration of condition indicators (energy reserves) and parasitism improves stock assessment and fisheries management, especially in situations of data shortage when standard methods cannot be applied, as is the case in many Mediterranean fish stocks. This article focuses on seven case studies of different fish species from the Mediterranean and Black Seas. Overall, and although the relationship between fish health and productivity cannot always be found or quantified, the article emphasizes the importance of the physical health of exploited stocks, particularly during critical life periods of the fish (e. g., prior to spawning, migration, or in the early life stages), as an essential element of sustainable and profitable fisheries. On the basis of these results, stock assessment and fisheries management implications are discussed.
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| 2. |
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| 3. |
- Power, Deborah M, et al.
(author)
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The molecular and endocrine basis of flatfish metamorphosis
- 2008
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In: Reviews in Fisheries Science. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1064-1262 .- 1547-6553. ; 16:S1, s. 93-109
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- A significant component of aquaculture is the production of good quality larvae, and, in the case of flatfish, this is tied up with the change from a symmetric larva to an asymmetric juvenile. Despite the pioneering work carried out on the metamorphosis of the Japanese flounder (Paralichthys olivaceus) and summer flounder (Paralichthys dentatus), the underlying molecular basis of flatfish metamorphosis is still relatively poorly characterized. It is a thyroid hormone (TH) driven process, and the role of other hormones in the regulation of the process along with the interplay of abiotic factors are still relatively poorly characterized as is the extent of tissue and organ remodeling, which underlie the profound structural and functional modifications that accompany the larval/juvenile transition. The isolation of genes for hormones, receptors, binding proteins, and other accessory factors has provided powerful tools with which to pursue this question. The application of molecular methodologies such as candidate gene approaches and microarray analysis coupled to functional genomics has started to contribute to understanding the complexity of tissue and organ modifications that accompany flatfish metamorphosis. A better understanding of the biology of normal metamorphosis is essential to identify factors contributing to abnormal metamorphosis.
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| 4. |
- Prunet, Patrick, et al.
(author)
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Functional Genomics of Stress Responses in Fish
- 2008
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In: Reviews in fisheries science. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1064-1262 .- 1547-6553. ; 16, s. 157-166
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Our understanding of the mechanisms underlying stress responses in fish remains fragmentary. However, new insights into these mechanisms and their biological significance have been provided by investigation at the transcriptional level. Microarray technology has allowed the unbiased analysis of the transcriptome, providing a potentially system-wide overview of stress responses. In this review, we present recently published transcriptomic studies on stress responses in fish exposed to a range of environmental, xenobiotic, social, and aquacultural stressors. Overall, these studies highlight the complexity of transcript patterns, have identified new genes whose expression is significantly modified after exposure to stressors, and have revealed both common and tissue-specific expression signatures. Some shortcomings can be identified, including lack of information on the longer-term compensatory or adaptive phases of the stress response, limitations on gene annotation, and the use of pooled mRNA preparations, which masks variation between individuals. Nonetheless, although the functional genomic analysis of stress responses in fish is still in its infancy, rapid growth in the number of studies and continued advances in technology and database content will inevitably lead to a fuller understanding of the processes involved and to the identification of novel stress indicators with diagnostic or predictive value.
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| 6. |
- Tacon, Albert G. J., et al.
(author)
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Fish Matters : Importance of Aquatic Foods in Human Nutrition and Global Food Supply
- 2013
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In: Reviews in fisheries science. - : Informa UK Limited. - 1064-1262 .- 1547-6553. ; 21:1, s. 22-38
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Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
- In a world where nearly 30% of humanity is suffering from malnutrition and over 70% of the planet is covered with water, aquatic foods represent an essential component of the global food basket to improve the nutrition, health, and well being of all peoples. It is not by chance that Japan, the country with one of the world's highest reported life expectancies and lowest incidences of obesity and deaths from heart related illnesses, is also one of the world's top consumers of captured and farmed aquatic animal food products and aquatic plants. According to the FAO, in 2009, total captured and farmed aquatic animal food products accounted for 16.6% of the global population's intake of animal protein, providing more than three billion people with almost 20% of their average per capita intake of animal protein, and 4.3 billion people with at least 15% of such protein. This article reviews the nutritional composition of different farmed and captured aquatic food products and compares these with conventional terrestrial meat products. In addition to the superior nutritional profile and benefits of aquatic animal food products, small-sized marine pelagic fish play an important role in the nutrition of the poor as an affordable and much needed source of high quality animal protein and essential amino acids, omega-3 fatty acids, vitamins, minerals, and trace elements. As one of the best aquatic animal foods from a nutritional perspective, the direct consumption of small pelagic fish should be encouraged and promoted, as apposed to the continued targeted use of these species for reduction into fishmeal and fish oil for use in animal feeds.
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