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3.
  • Abulaiti, Yiming, et al. (author)
  • Centrality, rapidity, and transverse momentum dependence of isolated prompt photon production in lead-lead collisions at root S-NN=2.76 TeV measured with the ATLAS detector
  • 2016
  • In: Physical Review C. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9985. ; 93:3
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Prompt photon production in root S-NN = 2.76-TeV Pb + Pb collisions has been measured by the ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider using data collected in 2011 with an integrated luminosity of 0.14 nb(-1). Inclusive photon yields, scaled by the mean nuclear thickness function, are presented as a function of collision centrality and transverse momentum in two pseudorapidity intervals, vertical bar eta vertical bar < 1.37 and 1.52 <= vertical bar eta vertical bar < 2.37. The scaled yields in the two pseudorapidity intervals, as well as the ratios of the forward yields to those at midrapidity, are compared to the expectations from next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD (pQCD) calculations. The measured cross sections agree well with the predictions for proton-proton collisions within statistical and systematic uncertainties. Both the yields and the ratios are also compared to two other pQCD calculations, one which uses the isospin content appropriate to colliding lead nuclei and another which includes nuclear modifications to the nucleon parton distribution functions.
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4.
  • Abulaiti, Yiming, et al. (author)
  • Measurement of long-range multiparticle azimuthal correlations with the subevent cumulant method in pp and p plus Pb collisions with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider
  • 2018
  • In: Physical Review C. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9985 .- 2469-9993. ; 97:2
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • A detailed study of multiparticle azimuthal correlations is presented using pp data at root s = 5.02 and 13 TeV, and p+Pb data at root s(NN) = 5.02 TeV, recorded with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The azimuthal correlations are probed using four-particle cumulants c(n){4} and flow coefficients v(n){4} = (-c(n){4})(1/4) for n = 2 and 3, with the goal of extracting long-range multiparticle azimuthal correlation signals and suppressing the short-range correlations. The values of c(n){4} are obtained as a function of the average number of charged particles per event, < N-ch >, using the recently proposed two-subevent and three-subevent cumulant methods, and compared with results obtained with the standard cumulant method. The standard method is found to be strongly biased by short-range correlations, which originate mostly from jetswith a positive contribution to c(n){4}. The threesubevent method, on the other hand, is found to be least sensitive to short-range correlations. The three-subevent method gives a negative c(2){4}, and therefore a well-defined v(2){4}, nearly independent of < N-ch >, which implies that the long-range multiparticle azimuthal correlations persist to events with low multiplicity. Furthermore, v(2){4} is found to be smaller than the v(2){2} measured using the two-particle correlation method, as expected for long-range collective behavior. Finally, the measured values of v(2){4} and v(2){2} are used to estimate the number of sources relevant for the initial eccentricity in the collision geometry. The results based on the subevent cumulant technique provide direct evidence, in small collision systems, for a long-range collectivity involving many particles distributed across a broad rapidity interval.
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5.
  • Abulaiti, Yiming, et al. (author)
  • Measurements of long-range azimuthal anisotropies and associated Fourier coefficients for pp collisions at root s=5.02 and 13 TeV and p plus Pb collisions at root(NN)-N-s=5.02 TeV with the ATLAS detector
  • 2017
  • In: Physical Review C. - : American Physical Society. - 2469-9985 .- 2469-9993. ; 96:2
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • ATLAS measurements of two-particle correlations are presented for root s = 5.02 and 13 TeV pp collisions and for root(NN)-N-s = 5.02 TeV p + Pb collisions at the LHC. The correlation functions are measured as a function of relative azimuthal angle Delta phi, and pseudorapidity separation Delta eta, using charged particles detected within the pseudorapidity interval |eta| < 2.5. Azimuthal modulation in the long-range component of the correlation function, with | Delta eta| > 2, is studied using a template fitting procedure to remove a back-to-back contribution to the correlation function that primarily arises from hard-scattering processes. In addition to the elliptic, cos(2 Delta phi), modulation observed in a previous measurement, the pp correlation functions exhibit significant cos(3 Delta phi) and cos(4 Lambda phi) modulation. The Fourier coefficients v(n),(n) associated with the cos (n Lambda phi) modulation of the correlation functions for n = 2-4 are measured as a function of charged-particle multiplicity and charged-particle transverse momentum. The Fourier coefficients are observed to be compatible with cos(n phi) modulation of per-event singleparticle azimuthal angle distributions. The single-particle Fourier coefficients vn are measured as a function of charged-particle multiplicity, and charged-particle transverse momentum for n = 2-4. The integrated luminosities used in this analysis are, 64 nb(-1) for the root s = 13 TeV pp data, 170 nb(-1) for the root s = 5.02 TeV pp data, and 28 nb(-1) for the root(NN)-N-s = 5.02 TeV p + Pb data.
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6.
  • Abulaiti, Yiming, et al. (author)
  • ZZ -> l(+)l(-)l '(+)l '(-) cross-section measurements and search for anomalous triple gauge couplings in 13 TeV pp collisions with the ATLAS detector
  • 2018
  • In: Physical Review D. - : American Physical Society. - 2470-0010 .- 2470-0029. ; 97:3
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Measurements of ZZ production in the l(+)l(-)l'(+)l'(-) channel in proton-proton collisions at 13 TeV center-of-mass energy at the Large Hadron Collider are presented. The data correspond to 36.1 fb(-1) of collisions collected by the ATLAS experiment in 2015 and 2016. Here l and l ' stand for electrons or muons. Integrated and differential ZZ -> l(+)l(-)l'(+)l'(-) cross sections with Z -> l(+)l(-) candidate masses in the range of 66 GeV to 116 GeV are measured in a fiducial phase space corresponding to the detector acceptance and corrected for detector effects. The differential cross sections are presented in bins of twenty observables, including several that describe the jet activity. The integrated cross section is also extrapolated to a total phase space and to all standard model decays of Z bosons with mass between 66 GeV and 116 GeV, resulting in a value of 17.3 +/- 0.9 [+/- 0.6(start) +/- 0.5 (syst) +/- 0.6 (lumi)] pb. The measurements are found to be in good agreement with the standard model. A search for neutral triple gauge couplings is performed using the transverse momentum distribution of the leading Z boson candidate. No evidence for such couplings is found and exclusion limits are set on their parameters.
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7.
  • Adlarson, Patrik, et al. (author)
  • Abashian-Booth-Crowe resonance structure in the double pionic fusion to He-4
  • 2012
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 86:3, s. 032201-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Exclusive and kinematically complete high-statistics measurements of the double pionic fusion reaction dd -> He-4 pi(0)pi(0) have been performed in the energy range 0.8-1.4 GeV covering thus the region of the Abashian-Booth-Crowe effect, which denotes a pronounced low-mass enhancement in the pi pi invariant mass spectrum. The experiments were carried out with the WASA detector setup at the cooler synchrotron at Forshungszentrum Julich GmbH. Similar to the observation in the basic pn -> d pi(0)pi(0) reaction, the data reveal a correlation between the ABC effect and a resonancelike energy dependence in the total cross section. The maximum occurs at m = 2.37 GeV + 2m(N), i.e., at the same position as in the basic reaction. The observed resonance width Gamma approximate to 160 MeV can be understood from broadening due to Fermi motion of the nucleons in initial and final nuclei together with collision damping. Differential cross sections are described equally well by the hypothesis of a pn resonance formation during the reaction process.
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8.
  • Adlarson, Patrik, et al. (author)
  • ABC effect and resonance structure in the double-pionic fusion to He-3
  • 2015
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 91:1, s. 015201-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Exclusive and kinematically complete measurements of the double pionic fusion to He-3 have been performed in the energy region of the so-called ABC effect, which denotes a pronounced low-mass enhancement in the pi pi-invariant mass spectrum. The experiments were carried out with the WASA detector setup at COSY (the cooler synchrotron at Forschungszentrum Julich). Similar to the observations in the basic pn -> d pi(0)pi(0) reaction and in the dd -> He-4 pi(0)pi(0) reaction, the data reveal a correlation between the ABC effect and a resonance-like energy dependence in the total cross section. Differential cross sections are well described by the hypothesis of d* resonance formation during the reaction process in addition to the conventional t-channel Delta Delta mechanism. The deduced d* resonance width can be understood from collision broadening due to Fermi motion of the nucleons in initial and final nuclei.
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9.
  • Adlarson, Patrik, et al. (author)
  • Differential cross sections for neutron-proton scattering in the region of the d* (2380) dibaryon resonance
  • 2020
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 102:1
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Differential cross sections have been extracted from exclusive and kinematically complete high-statistics measurements of quasifree polarized (n) over barp scattering performed in the energy region of the d* (2380) dibaryon resonance covering the range of beam energies T-n = 0.98-1.29 GeV (root s = 2.32-2.44 GeV). The experiment was carried out with the WASA-at-COSY setup having a polarized deuteron beam impinged on the hydrogen pellet target and utilizing the quasifree process dp -> np + p(spectator). In this way the np differential cross section sigma (Theta) was measured over a large angular range. The obtained angular distributions complement the corresponding analyzing power A(y)(Theta) measurements published previously. A SAID partial-wave analysis incorporating the new data strengthens the finding of a resonance pole in the coupled D-3(3) - (3)G(3) waves.
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10.
  • Adlarson, Patrik, et al. (author)
  • Investigation of the dd -> (3)Hen pi(0) reaction with the FZ Julich WASA-at-COSY facility
  • 2013
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 88:1, s. 014004-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • An exclusive measurement of the dd -> (3)Hen pi(0) reaction was carried out at a beam momentum of p(d) = 1.2 GeV/c using the WASA-at-COSY facility. Information on the total cross section as well as differential distributions was obtained. The data are described by a phenomenological approach based on a combination of a quasifree model and a partial wave expansion for the three-body reaction. The total cross section is found to be sigma(tot) = ( 2.89 +/- 0.01(stat) +/- 0.06(sys) +/- 0.29(norm)) mu b. The contribution of the quasifree processes ( with the beam or target neutron being a spectator) accounts for 38% of the total cross section and dominates the differential distributions in specific regions of phase space. The remaining part of the cross section can be described by a partial wave decomposition indicating the significance of p-wave contributions in the final state.
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11.
  • Adlarson, Patrik, et al. (author)
  • Measurement of the eta -> pi(+)pi(-)pi(0) Dalitz plot distribution
  • 2014
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 90:4, s. 045207-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The Dalitz plot distribution of the eta -> pi(+)pi(-)pi(0) decay is determined by using a data sample of 1.2 x 10(7) eta mesons from the pd -> He-3 eta reaction at 1 GeV collected by the WASA detector at COSY.
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12.
  • Adlarson, Patrik, et al. (author)
  • Measurement of the pn -> pp pi(0)pi(-) reaction in search for the recently observed resonance structure in d pi(0)pi(0) and d pi(+)pi(-) systems
  • 2013
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 88:5, s. 055208-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Exclusive measurements of the quasifree pn -> pp pi(0)pi(-) reaction have been performed by means of pd collisions at T-p = 1.2 GeV using the wide angle shower apparatus (WASA) detector setup at the cooler synchrotron COSY (Institut fur Kernphysik, Julich). Total and differential cross sections have been obtained covering the energy region root s = (2.35-2.46) GeV, which includes the region of the ABC effect and its associated resonance structure. NoABCeffect, i.e., low-mass enhancement is found in the pi(0)pi(-) -invariant mass spectrum, in agreement with the constraint from Bose statistics that the isovector pion pair can not be in relative s wave. At the upper end of the covered energy region t-channel processes for Roper, Delta(1600) and Delta Delta excitations provide a reasonable description of the data, but at low energies the measured cross sections are much larger than predicted by such processes. Adding a resonance amplitude for the resonance at m = 2.37 GeV with Gamma = 70 MeV and I (J(P)) = 0(3(+)) observed recently in pn -> d pi(0)pi(0) and pn -> d pi(+)pi(-) reactions leads to an agreement with the data also at low energies.
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13.
  • Adlarson, Patrik, et al. (author)
  • Neutron-proton scattering in the context of the d*(2380) resonance
  • 2014
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 90:3, s. 035204-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • New data on quasifree polarized neutron-proton scattering in the region of the recently observed d* resonance structure are obtained by exclusive and kinematically complete high-statistics measurements with WASA at COSY. This paper details the determination of the beam polarization, checks of the quasifree character of the scattering process, on all obtained Ay angular distributions and on the new partial-wave analysis, which includes the new data producing a resonance pole in D-3(3)-(3)G(3) coupled partial waves at (2380 +/- 10 - i40 +/- 5) MeV-in accordance with the d* dibaryon resonance hypothesis. The effect of the new partial-wave solution on the description of total and differential cross-section data as well as specific combinations of spin-correlation and spin-transfer observables available from COSY-ANKE measurements at T-d = 2.27 GeV is discussed.
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14.
  • Adlarson, Patrik, et al. (author)
  • Search for eta-mesic He-4 with the WASA-at-COSY detector
  • 2013
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 87:3, s. 035204-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • An exclusive measurement of the excitation function for the dd -> (3)Hep pi(-) reaction was performed at the Cooler Synchrotron COSY-Julich with the WASA-at-COSY detection system. The data were taken during a slow acceleration of the beam from 2.185 to 2.400 GeV/c crossing the kinematic threshold for the eta-meson production in the dd -> He-4 eta reaction at 2.336 GeV/c. The corresponding excess energy with respect to the He-4-eta system varied from -51.4 to 22 MeV. The integrated luminosity in the experiment was determined using the dd -> (3)Hen reaction. The shape of the excitation function for the dd -> (3)Hep pi(-) reaction was examined. No signal of the He-4-eta bound state was observed. An upper limit for the cross section for the bound state formation and decay in the process dd -> (He-4-eta)(bound) -> (3)Hep pi(-) was determined on the 90% confidence level and it varies from 20 to 27 nb for the bound state width ranging from 5 to 35 MeV, respectively. 
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15.
  • Adlarson, Patrik, et al. (author)
  • Search for the eta mesic He-3 in the pd -> dp pi(0) reaction with the WASA-at-COSY facility
  • 2020
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - : AMER PHYSICAL SOC. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 102:4
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The excitation function for the pd -> dp pi(0) reaction has been measured byWASA-at-COSY experiment with the aim of searching for He-3-h mesic nuclei. The measurement in the vicinity of h meson production was performed using a ramped proton beam. The data analysis and interpretation was carried out with the assumption that the h mesic helium decays via the formation of an intermediate N*(1535) resonance. No direct signal of the. mesic nucleus is observed in the excitation function. We determine a new improved upper limit for the total cross section for the bound state production and decay in the pd -> (He-3-eta)(bound) -> dp pi(0) process. It varies between 13 nb to 24 nb for the bound state with width in the range Gamma is an element of ( 5, 50) MeV.
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16.
  • Aktas, Özge, 1987-, et al. (author)
  • First observation of γ-ray transitions in 111Mo
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X.
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Excited states in the extremely neutron-rich nuclei 109Mo and 111Mo have been studied following nucleon knock-out reactions. Seven $\gamma$-ray transitions, some of them in prompt mutual coincidence, have been identified for the first time in 11Mo using the DALI2 and MINOS detector systems at the BigRIPS and ZeroDegree electromagnetic fragments separator at the RIBF, RIKEN, Japan. Total Routhian surface (TRS) and Particle- Plus Rotor calculations have been performed to investigate the predicted shape coexistence and its effect on the structure of nuclei in this region of the nuclear chart. Following the results of the calculations, theoretical level schemes are proposed for positive and negative parity states and compared with the experimental findings.
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17.
  • Aktas, Özge, et al. (author)
  • Single-particle structures in 85,87Ge
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X.
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Gamma-ray transitions have been identified for the first time in the extremely neutron-rich (N =Z + 25) nucleus 87 Ge following nucleon knockout reactions studied at the RIBF, RIKEN, Japan.New γ-ray transitions from excited states in 85 Ge were also observed and placed in a tentative levelscheme. The exclusive parallel momentum distribution was measured for the 1/2 + state for theneutron knockout reaction leading to 85 Ge which is compared with calculated distorted wave impulseapproximation (DWIA) distributions. The 85,87 Ge results are compared with large-scale shell-modelcalculations and potential energy surface calculations based on the total Routhian surface formalism.
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18.
  • Al-Adili, Ali, et al. (author)
  • Impact of prompt-neutron corrections on final fission-fragment distributions
  • 2012
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 86:5, s. 054601-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Background: One important quantity in nuclear fission is the average number of prompt neutrons emitted from the fission fragments, the prompt neutron multiplicity, ν . The total number of prompt fission neutrons, νtot, increases with increasing incident neutron energy. The prompt-neutron multiplicity is also a function of the fragment mass and the total kinetic energy of the fragmentation. Those data are only known in sufficient detail for a few thermal-neutron-induced fission reactions on, for example, 233,235U and 239Pu. The enthralling question has always been asked how the additional excitation energy is shared between the fission fragments. The answer to this question is important in the analysis of fission-fragment data taken with the double-energy technique. Although in the traditional approach the excess neutrons are distributed equally across the mass distribution, a few experiments showed that those neutrons are predominantly emitted by the heavy fragments.Purpose: We investigated the consequences of the ν(A,TKE,En) distribution on the fission fragment observables.Methods: Experimental data obtained for the 234U(n, f) reaction with a Twin Frisch Grid Ionization Chamber, were analyzed assuming two different methods for the neutron evaporation correction. The effect of the two different methods on the resulting fragment mass and energy distributions is studied.Results: We found that the preneutron mass distributions obtained via the double-energy technique become slightly more symmetric, and that the impact is larger for postneutron fission-fragment distributions. In the most severe cases, a relative yield change up to 20–30% was observed.Conclusions: We conclude that the choice of the prompt-neutron correction method has strong implications on the understanding and modeling of the fission process and encourages new experiments to measure fission fragments in coincidence with prompt fission neutrons. Even more, the correct determination of postneutron fragment yields has an impact on the reliable assessment of the nuclear waste inventory, as well as on the correct prediction of delayed neutron precursor yields.
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19.
  • Al-Khatib, A., et al. (author)
  • Competition between collective and noncollective excitation modes at high spin in Ba-124
  • 2006
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 74:1
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • High-spin states in Ba-124 were investigated in two experiments using the Ni-64(Ni-64, 4n)Ba-124 reaction at three different beam energies. In-beam gamma-ray coincidences were measured with the Euroball and Gammasphere detector arrays. In the experiment with Euroball, the CsI detector array Diamant was employed to discriminate against charged-particle channels. Six new rotational bands were observed in Ba-124, and previously known bands were extended to higher spins. One of the bands shows a transition from collective to noncollective behavior at high spins. Configuration assignments are suggested on the basis of comparison with cranked shell model and cranked Nilsson-Strutinsky calculations.
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20.
  • Algora, A., et al. (author)
  • Pronounced Shape Change Induced by Quasiparticle Alignment
  • 2000
  • In: Physical Review C (Nuclear Physics). - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 61:3
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Mean lifetimes of high-spin states of Kr-74 have been determined using the Doppler-shift attenuation method. The high-spin states were studied using the Ca-40(Ca-40, alpha 2p) reaction at a beam energy of 160 MeV with the GASP gamma-ray spectrometer. The ground-state band and negative parity side band show the presence of three different configurations in terms of transitional quadrupole deformations. A dramatic shape change was found along the ground-state band after the S-band crossing. The deduced quadrupole deformation changes are well reproduced by cranked Woods-Saxon Strutinsky calculations.
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21.
  • Almosly, W., et al. (author)
  • Charged-current neutrino and antineutrino scattering off Cd-116 described by Skyrme forces
  • 2014
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 89:2, s. 024308-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • We perform calculations of the cross sections for charged-current neutrino and antineutrino scattering off Cd-116 using ten different Skyrme interactions, at energies typical of supernova neutrinos. We use the quasiparticle random-phase approximation in its charged-changing mode (pnQRPA) to construct the required nuclear wave functions for the participant initial and final states. We compare the results of these calculations with the results of calculations based on the Bonn one-boson-exchange potential. The response of Cd-116 to supernova neutrinos is calculated by folding the obtained cross sections with suitably parametrized Fermi-Dirac distributions of the electron-neutrino and electron-antineutrino energies.
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22.
  • Andgren, Karin, et al. (author)
  • Excited states in the neutron-deficient nuclei Rn-197,Rn-199,Rn-201
  • 2008
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 77:5, s. 054303-1-054303-7
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Excited states of the extremely neutron-deficient radon isotopes with N = 111, 113, 115 have been studied for the first time in a series of in-beam experiments performed at the Accelerator Laboratory of the University of Jyvaskyla. The reactions used were: Sn-118(Kr-82, 3n)Rn-197, Sn-120(Kr-82, 3n)Rn-199, Sm-150(Cr-52, 3n)Rn-199, and Sn-122(Kr-82, 3n)Rn-201. The gamma rays emitted from excited states in the different isotopes were identified using the recoil-alpha-decay tagging technique. The estimated cross section for the production of Rn-197(m) was 7(3) nb, which is the lowest cross section reported so far for an in-beam study. The energies of the (17/2(+)) levels built on the isomeric (13/2(+)) states in Rn-197,Rn-199,Rn-201 indicate a transition from an anharmonic vibrational structure toward a rotational structure at low spins for these nuclei. However, the transition is not as sharp as predicted by theory.
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23.
  • Andgren, Karin, et al. (author)
  • gamma-ray spectroscopy of At-197
  • 2008
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 78:4, s. 044328-1-044328-8
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Excited states of the extremely neutron-deficient nucleus At-197 have been studied in an in-beam experiment using the fusion-evaporation reaction Sn-118(Kr-82,p2n)At-197. gamma rays belonging to At-197 feeding the I-pi=(9/2(-)) ground state, as well as gamma rays feeding the 311-keV I-pi=(13/2(+)) isomer, decaying via the emission of gamma rays, and the 52-keV I-pi=(1/2(+)) alpha-decaying isomer have been identified using the recoil-alpha-decay tagging technique. Total Routhian surface calculations predict a near-spherical shape for the (9/2(-)) ground state and oblate shapes with beta(2) around -0.2 for the (1/2(+)) and the (13/2(+)) states. These predictions agree with our experimental findings.
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24.
  • Andgren, Karin, et al. (author)
  • Lifetime measurements of normal deformed states in Lu-165(71)
  • 2005
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 71:1, s. 121-127
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Picosecond lifetimes of medium spin states in Lu-165 were measured for the first time. The reaction used to populate the nucleus of interest was La-139(Si-30,4n)Lu-165 at a beam energy of 135 MeV. The beam was provided by the XTU-tandem accelerator of Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro, Italy. By using the differential decay curve method, lifetimes of 19 states in four different rotational bands were obtained. Therefrom the B(E2) values and the transitional quadrupole moments were deduced. The obtained Q(t) for the different bands are compared with total Routhian surface (TRS) calculations and particle-rotor-model calculations. The TRS calculations predict different axial symmetric shapes for the bands built on the 9/2(-)[514], 9/2(+)[404], and 1/2(-)[541] configurations, with a gamma softness for the 9/2(-)[514] configuration. This band has also been studied using the particle-rotor model, the results of which, however, are consistent with a triaxial shape with a gamma value of -15(p).
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25.
  • Andgren, Karin, et al. (author)
  • Low-spin collective behavior in the transitional nuclei Mo-86,Mo-88
  • 2007
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 76:1, s. 014307-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Low-spin structures in Mo-86,Mo-88 were populated using the Ni-58(Ar-36, x alpha yp) heavy-ion fusion-evaporation reaction at a beam energy of 111 MeV. Charged particles and gamma rays were emitted in the reactions and detected by the DIAMANT CsI ball and the EXOGAM Ge array, respectively. In addition to the previously reported low-to-medium spin states in these nuclei, new low-spin structures were observed. Angular correlation and linear polarization measurements were performed in order to unambiguously determine the spins and parities of intensely populated states in Mo-88. Quasiparticle Random Phase Approximation (QRPA) calculations were performed for the first and second excited 2(+) states in Mo-86 and Mo-88. The results are in qualitative agreement with the experimental results, supporting a collective interpretation of the low-spin states for these transitional nuclei.
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26.
  • Andreyev, A. N., et al. (author)
  • alpha-decay of the new isotope Po-187 : Probing prolate structures beyond the neutron mid-shell at N=104
  • 2006
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 73:4, s. 044324-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The new neutron-deficient isotope Po-187 has been identified in the complete fusion reaction Ti-46+Sm-144 -> Po-187+3n at the velocity filter SHIP. Striking features of the Po-187 alpha decay are the strongly-hindered decay to the spherical ground state and unhindered decay to a surprisingly low-lying deformed excited state at 286 keV in the daughter nucleus Pb-183. Based on the potential energy surface calculations, the Po-187 ground state and the 286 keV excited state in Pb-183 were interpreted as being of prolate origin. The systematic deviation of the alpha-decay properties in the lightest odd-A Po isotopes relative to the smooth behavior in the even-A neighbors is discussed. Improved data for the decay of Bi-187(m,g) were also obtained.
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27.
  • Andreyev, A. N., et al. (author)
  • alpha decay of the new isotopes Rn-193,Rn-194
  • 2006
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 74:6, s. 064303-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The new neutron-deficient isotopes Rn-193,Rn-194 have been identified in the complete fusion reaction Cr-52+Sm-144 -> Rn-196(*) at the velocity filter SHIP. The alpha-decay energy and half-life value of Rn-194 were determined to be E-alpha=7700(10) keV and T-1/2=0.78(16) ms, respectively. For Rn-193 the half-life of T-1/2=1.15(27) ms and two alpha lines at E-alpha 1=7685(15) keV, I-alpha 1=74(20)% and E-alpha 2=7875(20) keV, I-alpha 2=26(12)% were found. The decay pattern of Rn-193, which is substantially different from that of the heavier odd-A Rn isotopes, provides first experimental evidence for the long-predicted deformation in the very neutron-deficient Rn nuclei.
  •  
28.
  • Andreyev, A. N., et al. (author)
  • In-beam and alpha-decay spectroscopy of Po-191 and evidence for triple shape coexistence at low energy in the daughter nucleus Pb-187
  • 2002
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 66:1
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Prompt gamma rays have been observed for the first time from the neutron-deficient nucleus Po-191 using the recoil-decay tagging technique at the RITU gas-filled separator. In addition improved alpha decay data have been measured for Po-191 and its daughter product Pb-187. The complementary gamma- and alpha-decay data point to the onset of oblate deformation in the light odd-mass Po nuclei by approaching the neutron midshell at N=104. The pattern of the favored and unfavored states observed on top of the 13/2(+) isomer in Po-191 indicates a change from the weak-coupling towards the strong-coupling scheme in Po-191m. In the daughter nucleus Pb-187, the 13/2(+) and 3/2(-) isomeric states become degenerate within the experimental accuracy. Evidence for triple shape coexistence at low energy has been found in the high-spin isomer in Pb-187. The results are supported by potential-energy surface calculations and by particle-plus-rotor calculations.
  •  
29.
  • Andreyev, A. N., et al. (author)
  • Shape-changing particle decays of Bi-185 and structure of the lightest odd-mass Bi isotopes
  • 2004
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 69:5, s. 054308-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Proton and alpha decay of the proton-rich nuclide Bi-185 has been restudied in more detail in the complete fusion reaction Nb-93(Mo-95, 3n)Bi-185 at the velocity filter SHIP. The observed decay pattern of Bi-185 and of the heavier odd-mass isotopes Bi-187,Bi-189,Bi-191,Bi-193 are interpreted based on potential-energy surface calculations. It is shown that the experimental systematics of the particle decays and of the excited states in these nuclei (where known) can be explained by the prolate-oblate shape co-existence at low excitation energy. The observed state in Bi-185 is proposed to be of prolate nature, which is in contrast with the previously proposed oblate interpretation.
  •  
30.
  • Ashley, S. F., et al. (author)
  • Intrinsic state lifetimes in Pd-103 and Cd-106,Cd-107
  • 2007
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 76:6, s. 064302-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The mean-lifetimes, tau, of various medium-spin excited states in Pd-103 and Cd-106,Cd-107 have been deduced using the Recoil Distance Doppler Shift technique and the Differential Decay Curve Method. In Cd-106, the mean-lifetimes of the I-pi=12(+) state at E-x=5418 keV and the I-pi=11(-) state at E-x=4324 keV have been deduced as 11.4(17)ps and 8.2(7)ps, respectively. The associated beta(2) deformation within the axially-symmetric deformed rotor model for these states are 0.14(1) and 0.14(1), respectively. The beta(2) deformation of 0.14(1) for the I-pi=12(+) state in Cd-106 compares with a predicted beta(2) value from total Routhian surface (TRS) calculations of 0.17. In addition, the mean-lifetimes of the yrast I-pi = 15(-)/2 states in Pd-103 (at E-x=1262 keV) and Cd-107 (at E-x=1360 keV) have been deduced to be 31.2(44)ps and 31.4(17)ps, respectively, corresponding to beta(2) values of 0.16(1) and 0.12(1) assuming axial symmetry. Agreement with TRS calculations are good for Pd-103 but deviate for that predicted for Cd-107.
  •  
31.
  • Asztalos, S. J., et al. (author)
  • Isotopic yields of neutron-rich nuclei from deep-inelastic reactions
  • 2000
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 6101:1
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • We follow up on our earlier work involving a light projectile (Ca-48) to populate high spin states in neutron-rich nuclei with results from experiments involving a heavier projectile (Sm-154) fur the purposes of studying isotopic yields. These yields, which in some cases were mensurable down to a level of 0.1 of the total reaction cross section, are presented from three separate reactions. A trend in the isotopic yields towards N/Z equilibration is observed in one experiment having a large disparity in N/Z ratios between the projectile and target. In the two other reactions, where the N/Z driving force is less pronounced, the yields are instead clustered around the projectile and target nuclei. We present correlated projectilelike and targetlike fragment isotopic yields derived from gamma-gamma coincidences, a technique that enables one to partition the yield of an isotope according to the amount of neutron evaporation. Using this method we find that for the zero-neutron evaporation channel transfer occurs predominantly into the light fragment, consistent with the nature of the deep-inelastic mechanism. We further find that multiple-neutron evaporation contributes substantially to the yields of the isotopes.
  •  
32.
  • Asztalos, S J, et al. (author)
  • Spin yields of neutron-rich nuclei from deep inelastic reactions
  • 1999
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 60:4
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The potential for using deep inelastic reactions to populate high-spin states in neutron-rich nuclei is studied in a series of experiments using GAMMASPHERE for gamma-ray detection and a silicon strip detector for measuring the angles of projectilelike and targetlike fragments. In three experiments 61 new transitions up to a maximum spin of 22 (h) over bar in 12 neutron-rich rare-earth nuclei were found. We observe that gamma-ray yields as a function of spin are flatter for all neutron transfer products than for inelastic excitation of either the projectile or target nucleus. Calculations are presented which indicate that this difference cannot be accounted for by quasielastic processes, but more likely are the result of larger energy loss processes, such as deep inelastic reactions. [S0556-2813(99)06009-4].
  •  
33.
  •  
34.
  •  
35.
  • Baldsiefen, G, et al. (author)
  • Shears bands in Pb-193
  • 1996
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 54:3, s. 1106-1116
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Four bands of enhanced dipole transitions, with weak crossovers, have been observed in Pb-195. Three of these bands are connected to the spherical levels. in addition, the spherical level scheme has been extended. The nuclear spectroscopy was done with the early implementation of GAMMASPHERE and HERA arrays of Get detectors. The nucleus Pb-193 was populated in the Yb-174(Mg-24,5n) reaction at beam energies of 129, 131, and 134 MeV. The experimental results are compared to tilted-axis cranking calculations. The systematical behavior of the dipole bands in the heavier odd-A Pb isotopes, Pb-195,Pb-197,Pb-199,Pb-201, is also discussed.
  •  
36.
  • Ban, Shufang, et al. (author)
  • Density dependencies of interaction strengths and their influences on nuclear matter and neutron stars in relativistic mean field theory
  • 2004
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 69:4
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The density dependencies of various effective interaction strengths in the relativistic mean field are studied and carefully compared for nuclear matter and neutron stars. The influences of different density dependencies are presented and discussed on mean field potentials, saturation properties for nuclear matter, equations of state, maximum masses, and corresponding radii for neutron stars. Though the interaction strengths and the potentials given by various interactions are quite different in nuclear matter, the differences of saturation properties are subtle, except for NL2 and TM2, which are mainly used for light nuclei, while the properties by various interactions for pure neutron matter are quite different. To get an equation of state for neutron matter without any ambiguity, it is necessary to constrain the effective interactions either by microscopic many-body calculations for the neutron matter data or the data of nuclei with extreme isospin. For neutron stars, the interaction with large interaction strengths give strong potentials and large Oppenheimer-Volkoff (OV) mass limits. The density-dependent interactions DD-ME1 and TW-99 favor a large neutron population due to their weak rho-meson field at high densities. The OV mass limits calculated from different equations of state are 2.02-2.81M, and the corresponding radii are 10.78-13.27 km. After the inclusion of the hyperons, the corresponding values become 1.52-2.06M and 10.24-11.38 km.
  •  
37.
  • Bargholtz, Christoph, et al. (author)
  • Production of the ω meson in the pd -> 3He ω reaction at 1450 MeV and 1360 MeV
  • 2009
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 79:4, s. 044002-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The production of ω mesons in the pd→3Heω reaction has been studied at two energies near the kinematic threshold, Tp=1450 MeV and Tp=1360 MeV. The differential cross section was measured as a function of the ω c.m. angle at both energies over the whole angular range. Whereas the results at 1360 MeV are consistent with isotropy, strong rises are observed near both the forward and backward directions at 1450 MeV. Calculations made using a two-step model with an intermediate pion fail to reproduce the shapes of the measured angular distributions and also underestimate the total cross sections
  •  
38.
  • Bashkanov, M., et al. (author)
  • Measurement of the slope parameter for the η → 3π0 decay in the pp → ppη reaction
  • 2007
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 76:4, s. 048201-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The CELSIUS-WASA setup is used to measure the 3π0 decay of η mesons produced in pp interactions with beam kinetic energies of 1.36 and 1.45 GeV. The efficiency-corrected Dalitz plot and density distributions for this decay are shown, together with a fit of the quadratic slope parameter α yielding α = −0.026 ± 0.010(stat) ± 0.010(syst). This value is compared to recent experimental results and theoretical predictions.
  •  
39.
  • BERNSTEIN, LA, et al. (author)
  • ONSET OF COLLECTIVITY IN NEUTRON-DEFICIENT PO-196,PO-198
  • 1995
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 52:2, s. 621-627
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • We have studied via in-beam gamma-ray spectroscopy Po-196 and Po-198, which are the first neutron-deficient Po isotopes to exhibit a collective low-lying structure. The ratios of yrast state energies and the E2 branching ratios of transitions from non-yrast to yrast states are indicative of a low-lying vibrational structure. The onset of collective motion in these isotopes can be attributed to the opening of the neutron i(13/2) orbital at N approximate to 112 and the resulting large overlap between the two valence protons in the h(9/2) orbital and the valence neutrons in the i(13/2) orbital.
  •  
40.
  • BERNSTEIN, LA, et al. (author)
  • SUPERDEFORMATION IN ER-154
  • 1995
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 52:3, s. R1171-R1174
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • A superdeformed (SD) band consisting of 13 gamma-ray transitions has been observed in Er-154, an isotone of Dy-152(66). The experiment was performed using the Sn-118(Ar-40,4n) reaction at E(Ar-40)=185 MeV and the early implementation of GAMMASPHERE. This is an observation of a SD band in the A approximate to 150 region with a proton number greater than 66. The J((2)) moment of inertia of the band is constant above ($) over bar h omega=0.45 MeV and shows a sharp rise below this value suggesting a paired band crossing. These results suggest that total Routhian surface calculations fail to accurately predict the deformation of the band.
  •  
41.
  • Bhagwat, Ameeya, et al. (author)
  • Consistent description of the cluster-decay phenomenon in transactinide nuclei
  • 2015
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - : American Physical Society. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 92:4
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Systematic investigation of the known even-even transactinide cluster emitters has been carried out by considering the cluster as a point particle and using the exact quantum mechanical treatment of the decay process. It is shown that the cluster decay phenomenon can be described reasonably well using a simple Woods-Saxon mean field. Sensitivity of the half-lives on various aspects of the mean field has been investigated in detail.
  •  
42.
  • Bhagwat, Ameeya, et al. (author)
  • Microscopic description of measured reaction cross sections at low projectile energies
  • 2006
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 73:2, s. 024604-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Systematic and consistent microscopic description of measured reaction cross sections at low projectile en-ergies is presented. Finite-range Glauber model (GM-F) along with the Coulomb modification is used. The required inputs, namely the neutron and proton density distributions of the relevant projectiles and the targets, are calculated in the relativistic mean field framework. The GM-F reproduces the experiment well. At high projectile energies both the GM-F and the zero-range Glauber model in the optical limit (GM-Z) yield almost identical results; however, the GM-F in general is superior at low projectile energies, as expected.
  •  
43.
  • Bhagwat, Ameeya, et al. (author)
  • Microscopic description of recently measured reaction cross sections of neutron-rich nuclei in the vicinity of the N=20 and N=28 closed shells
  • 2008
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 77:2, s. 027602-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The reaction cross sections for neutron-rich nuclei with 7 <= Z <= 18 on a Si-28 target at intermediate energies (30-65A MeV) are calculated and are compared with the corresponding recently reported new measurements. A finite-range Glauber model along with a Coulomb modification is used. The required nucleon density distributions of the relevant projectiles and the targets are obtained in the relativistic mean field framework. The calculations reproduce the experiment well. A simple phenomenological modification of the zero-range Glauber model is proposed to incorporate the finite-range effects. This one-parameter expression is found to reproduce the experimental reaction cross sections quite well.
  •  
44.
  • Bhagwat, Ameeya, et al. (author)
  • Microscopic-macroscopic approach for binding energies with the Wigner-Kirkwood method
  • 2010
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 81:4, s. 044321-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The semiclassical Wigner-Kirkwood h expansion method is used to calculate shell corrections for spherical and deformed nuclei. The expansion is carried out up to fourth order in h. A systematic study of Wigner-Kirkwood averaged energies is presented as a function of the deformation degrees of freedom. The shell corrections, along with the pairing energies obtained by using the Lipkin-Nogami scheme, are used in the microscopic-macroscopic approach to calculate binding energies. The macroscopic part is obtained from a liquid drop formula with six adjustable parameters. Considering a set of 367 spherical nuclei, the liquid drop parameters are adjusted to reproduce the experimental binding energies, which yields a root mean square (rms) deviation of 630 keV. It is shown that the proposed approach is indeed promising for the prediction of nuclear masses.
  •  
45.
  • Bhagwat, A., et al. (author)
  • Microscopic-macroscopic approach for binding energies with the Wigner-Kirkwood method. II. Deformed nuclei
  • 2012
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 86:4, s. 044316-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The binding energies of deformed even-even nuclei have been analyzed within the framework of a recently proposed microscopic-macroscopic model. We have used the semiclassical Wigner-Kirkwood (h) over bar expansion up to fourth order, instead of the usual Strutinsky averaging scheme, to compute the shell corrections in a deformed Woods-Saxon potential including the spin-orbit contribution. For a large set of 561 even-even nuclei with Z >= 8 and N >= 8, we find an rms deviation from the experiment of 610 keV in binding energies, comparable to the one found for the same set of nuclei using the finite range droplet model of Moller and Nix (656 keV). As applications of our model, we explore its predictive power near the proton and neutron drip lines as well as in the superheavy mass region. Next, we systematically explore the fourth-order Wigner-Kirkwood corrections to the smooth part of the energy. It is found that the ratio of the fourth-order to the second-order corrections behaves in a very regular manner as a function of the asymmetry parameter I = (N - Z)/A. This allows us to absorb the fourth-order corrections into the second-order contributions to the binding energy, which enables us to simplify and speed up the calculation of deformed nuclei.
  •  
46.
  • Bhagwat, Ameeya, et al. (author)
  • Recently measured reaction cross sections with low energy fp-shell nuclei as projectiles : Microscopic description
  • 2006
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 73:5, s. 054601-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • The finite range Glauber model along with the Coulomb modification is used to analyze recently measured reaction cross sections with neutron-deficient Ga, Ge, As, Se, and Br isotopes as low-energy projectiles incident on Si-28 target. The required input, namely the neutron and proton density distributions of the relevant projectiles and the target, are calculated in the relativistic mean-field framework. Though the calculations qualitatively agree with the experiment, on the average, slightly overestimate the cross sections. A phenomenological expression with a single parameter is proposed that consistently improves the agreement with the experiment.
  •  
47.
  • Bhagwat, Ameeya (author)
  • Simple nuclear mass formula
  • 2014
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 90:6, s. 064306-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • A simple formula for ground state nuclear masses based on the microscopic-macroscopic approach is proposed. Considering a set of 2353 nuclei with Z >= 8 and N >= 8, the formula yields an rms deviation of just 266 keV. A few applications, including the loosely bound proton rich nuclei, superheavy nuclei, and cluster emitters, are presented and discussed, establishing the reliability of the proposed formula. The present investigation has a major advantage: it allows one to reliably parametrize the fluctuating part of the ground state energy. This result is very interesting and important, since the fluctuating part of the energy is related directly to the trace formula, which in turn encodes the interaction itself.
  •  
48.
  • Birkenbach, B., et al. (author)
  • Spectroscopy of the neutron-rich actinide nucleus U-240 following multinucleon-transfer reactions
  • 2015
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 92:4
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • Background: Nuclear structure information for the neutron-rich actinide nuclei is important since it is the benchmark for theoretical models that provide predictions for the heaviest nuclei. Purpose: gamma-ray spectroscopy of neutron-rich heavy nuclei in the actinide region. Method: Multinucleon-transfer reactions in Zn-70 + U-238 and Xe-136 + U-238 have been measured in two experiments performed at the INFN Legnaro, Italy. In the Zn-70 experiment the high-resolution HPGe Clover Array (CLARA) coupled to the magnetic spectrometer PRISMA was employed. In the Xe-136 experiment the high-resolution Advanced Gamma Tracking Array (AGATA) was used in combination with PRISMA and the Detector Array for Multinucleon Transfer Ejectiles (DANTE). Results: The ground-state band (g.s. band) of U-240 was measured up to the 20(+) level and a tentative assignment was made up to the (24(+)) level. Results from gamma gamma coincidence and from particle coincidence analyses are shown. Moments of inertia (MoI) show a clear upbend. Evidence for an extended first negative-parity band of U-240 is found. Conclusions: A detailed comparison with latest calculations shows best agreement with cranked relativistic Hartree-Bogoliubov (CRHB) calculations for the g.s. band properties. The negative-parity band shows the characteristics of a K-pi = 0 band based on an octupole vibration.
  •  
49.
  • Blaschke, David, et al. (author)
  • Sequential deconfinement of quark flavors in neutron stars
  • 2009
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 80:6, s. 65807-
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • A scenario is suggested in which the three light quark flavors are sequentially deconfined under increasing pressure in cold asymmetric nuclear matter as found, for example, in neutron stars. The basis for this analysis is a chiral quark matter model of Nambu–Jona-Lasinio (NJL) type with diquark pairing in the spin-1 single-flavor, spin-0 two-flavor, and three-flavor channels. Nucleon dissociation sets in at about the saturation density, n0, when the down-quark Fermi sea is populated (d-quark drip line) because of the flavor asymmetry induced by β equilibrium and charge neutrality. At about 3n0, u-quarks appear and a two-flavor color superconducting (2SC) phase is formed. The s-quark Fermi sea is populated only at still higher baryon density, when the quark chemical potential is of the order of the dynamically generated strange quark mass. Two different hybrid equations of state (EOSs) are constructed using the Dirac-Brueckner Hartree-Fock (DBHF) approach and the EOS of Shen et al. [H. Shen, H. Toki, K. Oyamatsu, and K. Sumiyoshi, Nucl. Phys. A637, 435 (1998)] in the nuclear matter sector. The corresponding hybrid star sequences have maximum masses of 2.1 and 2.0 M respectively. Two- and three-flavor quark-matter phases exist only in gravitationally unstable hybrid star solutions in the DBHF case, whereas the Shen-based EOSs produce stable configurations with a 2SC phase component in the core of massive stars. Nucleon dissociation via d-quark drip could act as a deep crustal heating process, which apparently is required to explain superbursts and cooling of x-ray transients.
  •  
50.
  • Blazhev, A., et al. (author)
  • Observation of a core-excited E4 isomer in Cd-98
  • 2004
  • In: Physical Review C. Nuclear Physics. - 0556-2813 .- 1089-490X. ; 69
  • Journal article (peer-reviewed)abstract
    • A core-excited I-pi=(12(+)) spin-gap isomer was identified in Cd-98 in an experiment at EUROBALL IV. It was found to feed the known I-pi=(8(+)) seniority isomer by an E4 transition. Half-lives of T-1/2=0.23 ((+4)(-3)) mus and 0.17 ((+6)(-4)) mus were measured for the two states at E-x=6635 keV and 2428 keV, respectively. From the excitation energy of the core-excited isomer a Sn-100 shell gap of 6.46(15) MeV is inferred. The measured E4 and E2 strengths, Sn-100 core excitations and the origin of empirical polarization charges are discussed in the framework of large-scale shell model calculations. An E2 polarization charge for protons of deltae(pi)
  •  
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